DE102013213203A1 - Pump for a hydrodynamic retarder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydrodynamic machine, in particular hydrodynamic retarder, with at least two paddle wheels, in particular a rotor and a stator, which together form a toroidal working space, and a rotatably mounted retarder shaft (6), with which at least one paddle wheel is rotatably connected, wherein the Working space is connected via a working fluid inlet and a Arbeitsmediumauslass with a cooling circuit and the cooling fluid of the cooling circuit is also the working fluid of the hydrodynamic machine, wherein the hydrodynamic machine by the retarder shaft (6) driven pump (18), by means of which a fluid pressure can be established , which is greater than the fluid pressure in the cooling system, so that when switching the operating state of the hydrodynamic machine from the braking operation to the non-braking operation, the working fluid can be pumped out of the working space at least substantially. The hydrodynamic machine according to the invention comprises a pump, which is characterized in that the pump is a side channel pump or peripheral wheel pump consisting of a rotor (3) and a housing (1, 2), the rotor (3) being mounted on the retarder shaft (6). is rotatably positioned and the housing (1, 2) relative to the rotor (3) is mounted.

Description

The invention relates to a hydrodynamic machine, in particular hydrodynamic retarder, for generating a braking torque by means of a working fluid.

In particular, the invention relates to a hydrodynamic retarder, which is arranged in a cooling circuit. Such retarders are also called water retarders, since the working medium of the retarder is the cooling water of the vehicle. The retarder is thus integrated into the vehicle cooling circuit or connected thereto.

Such a retarder comprises two paddle wheels, which together form a toroidal working space, at least one of which rotates about an axis of rotation of the hydrodynamic machine. The working space is connected via a working medium inlet and a Arbeitsmediumauslass with the cooling system or vehicle cooling circuit.

For a first operating state, braking, the working space can be filled with cooling water via at least one intended working medium inlet. During braking, a circulatory flow is formed in the working space, wherein the cooling water transmits a torque and / or drive power hydrodynamically from the first to the second impeller. For a second operating state, non-braking operation, the cooling water is pumped out of the working space of the retarder in order to avoid torque and / or drive power transmission. The pumping against the pressure in the cooling water circuit is essentially due to the pumping action of the retarder. As soon as there is only one residual amount of working fluid in the working space, the pressure generated by the retarder is no longer sufficient and the necessary pressure must be generated by means of a pump, so that the retarder can be substantially completely emptied.

For emptying the water retarder against the cooling system pressure, the use of a side channel pump is known. Such side channel pumps are coupled to the retarder shaft, the pump rotor is thus driven via the retarder shaft.

Since the retarder is mounted axially movable and relatively strong axial movements is exposed, it is necessary that the coupling between the retarder shaft and side channel pump is axially decoupled. The separate storage and coupling of the side channel pump to the retarder are very expensive and causes relatively high costs.

The object of the invention is to improve the coupling of the side channel pump to the retarder and cheaper to design.

The object is achieved by means of a hydrodynamic retarder with the features of claim 1. Further embodiments emerge from the subclaims and the description of the figures.

According to the invention, it is proposed to integrate a pump into a hydrodynamic machine, in particular a hydrodynamic retarder, according to the initially mentioned type, wherein the pump is a side channel pump or peripheral wheel pump, consisting of a rotor and a housing, wherein the rotor is rotationally fixed on the retarder shaft and the housing is mounted opposite the rotor. The housing of the pump is mounted by means of a relative bearing on the retarder shaft or on the rotor of the pump, so that only minimal relative movements between the rotor and the housing must be expected.

The fact that the rotor is mounted relative to the housing, the gap dimensions can be reduced, thereby increasing the pump performance. With this structure, the housing relative to the retarder only has a simple torque support, which must be able to compensate for axial and / or movement of the housing, according to the movement of the retarder shaft.

Furthermore, the pump inlet and / or pump outlet channel can run through the torque support, wherein these connections can alternatively also be formed by means of separate, movable / flexible lines.

In a preferred embodiment, the housing may be designed such that it surrounds the rotor and has a shaft passage opening only on the shaft outlet side. The housing must therefore be sealed against the environment only on the shaft passage side.

In a preferred embodiment, the bearing on the shaft outlet side may be a sliding ring bearing, which simultaneously forms the seal opposite the outlet opening.

The mechanical seal can consist of two sliding rings, which have a conical bearing and sealing surface, so that the housing is centered over the sealing surfaces opposite the rotor.

Furthermore, the housing-side slide ring can be mounted axially movable. Being in one preferred embodiment between the housing and the housing-side seal a spring element can be arranged so that the housing is moved relative to the rotor in the axial direction until the housing rests against a Abürzelement between the rotor and the housing.

The material of the mechanical seal / element may for example be a ceramic material.

Further features of the pump according to the invention and further advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment with reference to the drawing 1 ,

1 shows a side channel pump according to the invention 18 on average. The pump rotor 3 is directly with the retarder shaft 6 coupled. The coupling can for example be done by the pump rotor on the retarder shaft 6 screwed on the front side. Alternatively, the pump rotor 3 also on the retarder shaft 6 be rotatably positioned or executed in one piece with this.

The housing of the side channel pump 18 , consisting of housing 1 and housing cover 2 , encloses the pump rotor 3 almost complete. Only the retarder shaft 6 protrudes through the shaft outlet opening 20 in the housing cover 2 ,

The positioning or storage of the housing 1 . 2 opposite the pump rotor 3 via the slip rings 11 . 12 and the printing area 15 ,

The bearing and sealing surface 10 consists of a pump rotor 3 associated sliding ring 11 and a housing associated with the sliding ring 12 , The sliding ring 11 is non-rotatable with the pump rotor 3 connected. The sliding ring 12 is in the housing cover 2 installed so that it is axially movable. A feather 13 pushes the sliding ring 12 against the slip ring 11 , causing the crash element 14 on the shaft end face against a pressure surface 15 on the inside of the case 1 is pressed.

At standstill, when the retarder shaft does not rotate, the slip ring becomes 12 on the slip ring 11 pressed, causing the case 1 . 2 so far opposite the pump rotor 3 shifts until the crash element 14 on the inner surface 15 of the housing part 1 is applied. The sliding ring bearing 11 . 12 thus supports against the printing surface 15 from.

The pump rotor 3 is in this state between the two housing parts 1 . 2 positioned, each with a gap 16 . 17 is available.

The sealing surfaces of the mechanical seal 11 . 12 are conical. This design ensures that the housing 1 . 2 opposite the rotor 3 aligns so that a stable, radial and axial position of the housing 1 . 2 is possible.

That in the 1 sketched sealing and relative bearing system, consisting of the sliding rings 11 . 12 and the crash element 14 works as follows:
The conical separation between the housing cover 2 attached spring-loaded sliding ring 12 and the slip ring 11 on the rotor 3 in combination with the printing surface 15 causes a stable, radial and axial relative bearing between the housing and the rotor 3 , The force of the spring element 13 passes over the sliding ring 12 , the conical bearing and sealing gap 10 , the sliding ring 11 , the rotor 3 and the support element 14 on the printing surface 15 , where the power circuit over the housing 1 and the housing cover 2 closes again.

Functionally, it builds up as soon as the rotor 3 the pump is turned, in the columns 16 and 17 a dynamic pressure on. With appropriate design and with increasing speed, the pressure surface first becomes the dynamic pressure 15 relieved. If the speed continues to increase, this leads to a sliding ring 12 for contact with the contact surface 21 comes. At appropriate speed, the storage is thus purely on the bearing and sealing surface 10 , By relieving the pressure surface 15 It is possible to dispense with a second highly wear-resistant storage.

Alternatively, a purely dynamic storage is conceivable that does not require high wear-resistant bearing surfaces on both sides, in which case must be expected with increased leakage.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

 casing

2

 housing cover

3

rotor

4

 working space

5

 shovel

6

retarder

7/8/9

 poetry

10

 Bearing and sealing surface

11

 sliding ring

12

sliding ring

13

spring element

14

Abstürzelement

15

print area

16

gap

17

gap

18

Side channel pump

19

 Shaft outlet side

20

 Shaft passage opening

21

 contact surface

Claims (10)

Hydrodynamic machine, in particular hydrodynamic retarder, with at least two paddle wheels, in particular a rotor and a stator, which together form a toroidal working space, and a rotatably mounted retarder shaft (US Pat. 6 ), to which at least one paddle wheel is non-rotatably connected, wherein the working space is connected to a cooling circuit via a working medium inlet and a working medium outlet and the cooling fluid of the cooling circuit is simultaneously the working medium of the hydrodynamic machine, wherein the hydrodynamic machine moves one of the retarder shaft ( 6 ) driven pump ( 18 ), by means of which a fluid pressure can be established which is greater than the fluid pressure in the cooling system, so that when switching the operating state of the hydrodynamic machine from braking operation to non-braking operation, the working medium can be at least substantially pumped out of the working space, characterized that the pump ( 18 ) is a side channel pump or Peripheralradpumpe, consisting of a rotor ( 3 ) and a housing ( 1 . 2 ), wherein the rotor ( 3 ) on the retarder shaft ( 6 ) is rotationally fixed and the housing ( 1 . 2 ) opposite the rotor ( 3 ) is stored. Hydrodynamic machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing ( 1 . 2 ) comprises a torque arm, which is mounted such that it an axial and / or radial displacement of the housing ( 1 . 2 ) can compensate for the retarder housing. Hydrodynamic machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the pump inlet and / or pump outlet passage extends through the torque arm. Hydrodynamic machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing ( 1 . 2 ) the rotor ( 3 ) and only on the shaft exit side ( 19 ) a shaft passage opening ( 20 ) having. Hydrodynamic machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing on the shaft outlet side ( 19 ) a sliding ring bearing ( 11 . 12 ), which at the same time the seal against the shaft passage opening ( 20 ). Hydrodynamic machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the sliding ring bearing consists of two sliding rings ( 11 . 12 ), which has a conically extending bearing and sealing surface ( 10 ), so that the housing ( 1 . 2 ) opposite the rotor ( 3 ) is centered. Hydrodynamic machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the housing-side sliding ring ( 12 ) is mounted axially movable. Hydrodynamic machine according to claim 7, characterized in that between housing cover ( 2 ) and housing-side slip ring ( 12 ) a spring element ( 13 ) is arranged so that the housing ( 1 . 2 ) opposite the rotor ( 3 ) is moved in the axial / radial direction until the housing ( 1 ) on a printing surface ( 15 ) between rotor ( 3 ) and housing ( 1 ) is present. Hydrodynamic machine according to claim 8, characterized in that at the end of the retarder shaft ( 6 ) frontally a sliding element ( 14 ) is provided, which is against a printing surface ( 15 ) on the housing 1 supported. Hydrodynamic machine according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the sliding elements ( 11 . 12 . 14 ) consist of a ceramic material.

Images