DE102013213193A1 - Electric machine and method for assembling an electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The subject matter of the present invention relates to an electric machine (100), in particular a starting device such as a starter, for starting an internal combustion engine, comprising at least one intermediate bearing (46) which supports a drive train with an internal gear (98) having at least two gear parts coupled together in which at least one sealing device (39) is provided on the intermediate bearing (46) for sealing the inner gear (98), wherein at least one damping device (90) is provided for damping at least one gear part in at least one circumferential direction, so that in the region ( 110) of the transition from the intermediate bearing (46) and the inner gear (98) at least one seal and a circumferential damping of the transmission (98) is ensured. In addition, the invention relates to a method for producing and / or assembling an electrical machine (100).

Description

The invention relates to an electric machine for starting an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.

Moreover, the invention relates to a method for producing and / or assembling an electrical machine according to the preamble of claim 10.

State of the art

The invention relates to a system with a starter or starter motor with internal or internal gear, in particular reduction gear for reducing the rotational speed while increasing the torque according to the type of independent claims.

The present invention starters and starters for vehicles with internal combustion engines, which have an electric machine with an output shaft connected to a freewheel.

From the prior art, starters with a starter relay for vehicles with internal combustion engines are known, which generally comprise a DC electric motor for driving the internal combustion engine.

In such starters or starter motors, for example, a relay lever system with a corresponding pinion is responsible for a meshing or a hub in a ring gear. For movement transmission of the relay armature to the pinion, a lever, also called fork lever, is used. The fork lever has a bearing point, generally called a bearing block, on a drive bearing, called A bearing for short, with an intermediate bearing. This bearing is not sealed in the assembled state against the A-bearing, so that dirt and moisture in the bearing block, the relay and / or the A-bearing can penetrate. These contaminants negatively affect the life of the starter. For example, the coarse thread for the freewheel and the pinion can corrode and / or so dirty that the pinion movement is completely prevented, so that a function of the starter is no longer guaranteed. Furthermore, the bearing block is play-bearing stored in the A-bearing. This is within the production-related tolerances of these components, a shift of the pivot point possible.

In order to prevent the ingress of moisture and dirt, in conventional starters additional components, preferably made of rubber, are used at the connection of the bearing block with the bearing, which, however, must be mounted under prestressing. However, this requires a more complex installation of the starter and additional components.

From the DE 197 486 05 A1 is a starting device for internal combustion engines known. This has a pole housing, in the interior of which an electric starter motor is arranged, which drives a drive shaft. This drives via transmission means to a drive shaft which is mounted in a drive bearing. Between the starter motor and the drive bearing is an intermediate bearing outside of the pole housing an engagement relay with a housing. The end faces of this housing as well as those of pole housing, drive bearing and intermediate storage lie in a plane, wherein a sealing plate is arranged in the mounted state between these surfaces. This has an eight-shaped contour. On its two flat sides seals are attached, which bear against the surfaces mentioned. In this way you can achieve a perfect seal of the interior of the starter, so that no dirt or moisture can penetrate into it.

Disclosure of the invention

The electric machine according to the invention and the inventive method for producing and / or assembling an electrical machine having the features of the corresponding main claim or independent claim have the advantage over the prior art that in an electric machine, in particular a starter, such as a starter, for cranking an internal combustion engine, comprising at least one intermediate bearing, which supports a drive train with an internal gear having at least two gear parts coupled to each other, wherein at least one sealing device is provided at the intermediate bearing for sealing the internal gear, is provided that at least one damping device for damping at least one gear part is provided in at least one circumferential direction, so that in the region of the transition from the intermediate storage and the transmission at least one seal and a circumferential damping of the transmission garantl is.

The electric machine comprises at least one bearing with a bearing block insertable therein or on it for movably supporting a lever coupled to a relay armature and a freewheel of a starter pinion. The bearing, in particular the drive bearing or shortly called A-bearing, and more particularly the bearing mounted thereon is a functional part for supporting the inner gear. The inner gear in one embodiment comprises a planetary gear. This has a sun gear, which on a drive or Armature shaft is formed. In addition, this has planetary gears and an inner wheel. The transmission is divided into parts, a drive part, which comprises the armature shaft or drive shaft and the gear parts arranged thereon, and the output part, which comprises the output shaft and the gear parts arranged thereon. When the starter turns, the armature or armature shaft is rotated. The armature shaft rotates the sun gear and planetary gears. The inner wheel remains stationary. In this case, the rotational speed is reduced by the reduction gear and increases the torque which is transmitted to the output shaft for driving a motor or the like. About the output shaft shocks and other unwanted loads on the sun and planet gears in the direction mainly transmitted to the inner wheel. By the damping device such loads or shocks are intercepted, so that a toothing is spared and the operation is performed quieter. In particular, the inner wheel is protected as the weakest part of the transmission. The sealing device realizes a watertight electrical machine. In addition to water, rain, dirt and other weather influences are prevented from penetrating into the electrical machine in the area of the inner bearing or the transmission. Due to the fact that the intermediate bearing is arranged at least partially adjacent to the drive bearing, the sealing device is arranged at least partially between the drive bearing and the intermediate bearing.

The measures listed in the dependent claims advantageous refinements and improvements of the independent and independent claims predetermined devices are possible.

In one embodiment, it is provided that the sealing device and the damping device are integrated, in particular in one piece, with one another. In this way, fewer individual components are needed. In addition, fewer manufacturing / assembly steps are required. In particular, the sealing device and the damping device are made of a common material.

A further embodiment provides that the sealing device and / or the damping device is / are formed from an elastic sealing material, in particular a rubber-like material. In this way, tolerances and other unwanted deviations can be compensated by a flexible sealing material. The sealing material is in particular waterproof. Furthermore, depending on the field of application, the sealing material is also resistant to chemicals, temperatures in predetermined areas and / or dirt particles.

In addition, it is provided in one embodiment that the damping device is arranged in the axial direction between the inner gear and the stationary with the inner gear engaged intermediate bearing. The inner gear, in particular a drive shaft side part of the transmission, is engaged with the intermediate bearing. The engagement is preferably formed via a toothing. Comprehensive then lie without damper corresponding tooth flanks of the intermediate bearing and the corresponding gear part to each other. Between the corresponding tooth flanks, the damping device is provided. This is preferably fully formed. In other embodiments, a teilumfängliche damping device is provided. In this way, a damping in the circumferential direction is realized. Preferably, the damping device is adapted to the corresponding teeth and / or tooth flanks.

Therefore, it is provided in one embodiment that the damping device is designed as a ring body with corresponding toothed segments or at least comprises a ring body with corresponding toothed segments. The annular body is designed as a thin-walled annular body. The toothed segments are adapted to the tooth flanks, so that they are sandwiched between the corresponding tooth flanks.

In one embodiment, it is provided that at least one sealing element is provided for sealing the bearing. In particular, the at least one sealing element seals the bearing block to the bearing or intermediate storage. Advantageously, the at least one sealing element is formed on the bearing block of the intermediate bearing. The at least one sealing element is preferably arranged in a connecting region between the bearing block and the bearing, for example on two opposite sides of the bearing block or the bearing. In one embodiment, the sealing element is formed at least partially circumferentially on a circumference of the bearing block. Advantageously, more than one sealing element, for example two, three or four sealing elements, is formed. By means of the sealing elements, the bearing is preferably completely protected against the ingress of dirt and / or moisture, so that it does not come to a damage or loss of life over a lifetime of the starter. The sealing or assembly of the components for sealing is advantageously carried out vorspannungsfrei. For this purpose, in particular no additional components and a complex assembly are necessary. Most preferably, the sealing device is designed as a radially projecting from the annular body sealing body. The sealing body is formed in one embodiment as the sealing element.

Yet another embodiment provides that the sealing body protrudes as a frame and / or frame-like at a point in the direction of a relay. In this case, the sealing body or the sealing element is not formed as a solid body, but as a frame surrounding a cavity. In this way, a flexible sealing body is realized, which can be easily adapted to different installation situations.

Yet another embodiment provides that a frame element is designed as a concavely bent portion for engagement with a relay housing. In this way, an optimal adaptation of the sealing device is ensured. By fitting to the relay housing incorrect assembly is largely excluded.

In addition, in one embodiment it is provided that the damping device and / or the sealing device has positioning elements for positionally accurate mounting. About the positioning also incorrect assembly is largely excluded. The positioning elements are formed in one embodiment as projections and / or recesses. In one embodiment, complementary positioning elements are provided on the starter, in particular the housing, the gearbox, the intermediate bearing and / or other components which are adjacent in the installation position.

The sealing elements are preferably designed in the manner of a sealing lip.

The method according to the invention with the features of the corresponding main claim or independent claim have the advantage over the prior art that in a method for producing and / or assembling an electric machine, in particular a starter, for starting an internal combustion engine, with at least one Intermediate bearing, which supports a drive train with an internal gear with at least two gear parts coupled to each other, wherein the steps are: inserting the internal gear in the intermediate bearing, wherein at least one sealing device is provided at the intermediate bearing for sealing the internal gear, it is provided that at least one damping device is provided for damping at least one gear part in at least one circumferential direction, in particular provided simultaneously with the insertion of the sealing device, so that in the region of the transition from the Zwischenla ger and the transmission at least one seal and a circumferential damping of the transmission are guaranteed. The damping device and the sealing device are preferably formed in a plane. Likewise, the transition between the inner gear to the intermediate storage as well as the sealed housing transition is approximately in a plane, so that the damping device and the sealing device can be formed without major axial offsets. In particular, the combined unit of damping device and sealing device is made of a rubber, more precisely of a synthetic rubber such as nitrile rubber. The intermediate storage is preferably made of a plastic.

The solution according to the invention has the following advantages.

Due to the integrated design of the damping device and the sealing a compact design is realized. The embodiment with a simple ring body and a frame-like part is easily realized for a sealing and damping function. Overall, results from the combined design a lower overall weight. By positioning a simple and error-free assembly / manufacture is possible. The combined device is also easy to retrofit.

Brief description of the drawings

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:

1 in a cross-sectional view of an electric machine designed as a starting device,

2 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a sealing device with integrated damping device;

3 in a perspective view of an intermediate storage with internal gear and arranged therebetween sealing device with integrated damping device according to 2 .

4 in a perspective view of the sealing device in isolation,

5 in another perspective view of the sealing device after 4 .

6 in a front view of the sealing device after 4 and 5 .

7 in a partially transparent side view of a section of an embodiment of an electric machine with the area to be sealed and to be damped,

8th in a perspective view a section of the inner gear with the sealing device with integrated damping device according to 2 .

9 in a perspective view of the embodiment of the electric machine according to 7 in the whole and

10 in a perspective view of a section of the electrical machines after 9 with the sealing device.

Description of the embodiment

The 1 to 10 show an electric machine in several embodiments and in different sections, views and levels of detail 100 with a sealing device 39 and a damper 90 ,

The 1 shows in a cross-sectional view designed as a starting device electrical machine 100 an internal combustion engine with relays 20 , also designed as a switching or contact relay. In the 1 starting device shown has a starter motor 10 with a pole housing 11 in which a field winding 12 is arranged. The starter motor 10 drives with his anchor 15 a drive shaft 13 on, a commutator 16 wears on the carbon brushes 17 abut, which via a power supply 18 be supplied. Above the pole housing 11 sits an engagement relay 20 , to which, however, has not been discussed in detail, as not essential to the invention and otherwise usual in this way. The drive shaft 13 is with her commutator end in a commutator bearing 21 stored and has at the other end an extension 22 on, which is a central blind hole 23 Has. Into this projects the end 24 an output shaft 25 , which at its outer end a drive pinion 26 having. This can be done by appropriate displacement of the output shaft 25 with the sprocket 27 the engine to be started are brought into engagement. At the open end 29 the drive shaft 13 is located on its outside a spline 30 , which is the sun gear of an additional gear 28 forms, in this case, a planetary gear. Planet wheels mesh with the sun gear 32 , in turn, with a fixed ring gear 33 engage. To the pole housing 11 closes in the axial direction, an elongated drive bearing 36 on, with a covenant 37 on a tapered end surface 38 of the pole housing 11 abuts, but with the interposition of a sealing device according to the invention 39 , which is discussed below. The drive bearing 36 , the pole housing 11 and the commutator bearing 21 are by tie rods 41 held together. In the end shield 42 of the drive bearing 36 is in a hole 43 a rolling bearing 44 for the output shaft 25 arranged. The drive pinion 26 is outside the end shield 42 ,

Inside the drive bearing 36 there is an intermediate storage 46 that in a central bore a needle bearing 47 in which the one part of a bush-shaped inner ring 48 a freewheel 50 is stored. On the inside of the inner ring 48 is a nut steep thread 51 formed, in which a similar bolt-tail winds 52 at the inner end of the output shaft 25 intervenes. The coarse thread 52 is designed to be relatively long, so even with a strong displacement of the output shaft 25 the coarse thread teeth always remain in engagement with each other. The driver of the freewheel 50 carries the name 54 ; Between him and the inner ring are cylindrical rollers in the usual way 55 running on a wedge track of the inner ring. The driver 54 indicates at its the Andrehmotor 10 facing end face several blind holes 57 in which bolts 58 are pressed, the planetary gears 32 wear. Between inner and outer ring of the freewheel 50 there is a needle bearing 60 , The planet wheels 32 are also stored on non-designated needle bearings. The engagement relay 20 has a housing 62 on that to the drive bearing 36 is open and there is a flat face 63 which is exactly in the plane of end face 38 of the pole housing 11 and ring collar 37 of the drive bearing 36 lies. The drive bearing 36 has in the area of the engagement relay 20 an enclosure extension 36A through which several screws 64 penetrate and the housing 62 the engagement relay 20 with the drive bearing 36 connect. The sealing device 39 extends to the housing 62 and lies on the flat face 63 the same and extends to the outside of the extension 36A of the drive bearing 36 , On the engagement relay 20 has been received only briefly. It has a coil 66 within which an anchor 67 is guided. This has a central bore 68 , in the one hand, a shift pin 69 is mounted, which bears at its protruding from a bearing plate end not further designated contacts. Same axis as the switching pin 69 is in the hole 68 of the magnet armature a pressure pin 71 fixed, which in a displaceable, provided with a longitudinal slot plastic sleeve 73 protrudes. At the outer end of the anchor 67 is a metal sleeve 75 fastened, in which a Einspurfeder 76 is arranged. The pressure pin acts on an engagement lever 78 one, which in a housing-fixed warehouse 79 is rotatably mounted and with its other end by means of a device 80 on the output shaft 25 is articulated. By moving the anchor 67 becomes the engagement lever 78 pivoted and thus the output shaft 25 shifted, causing the drive pinion 26 with the sprocket 27 is engaged.

Essential to the invention is the sealing device 39 as well as the damping device 90 , in the 1 not shown. At the pole housing 11 There is no sealing groove, as here the seals directly on the bevelled end face 38 issue. In contrast, located on the relay housing 62 a groove 82 and at the drive bearing 36 . 36A a groove 81 into which seals protrude, as described below.

The 2 shows in a perspective view of an embodiment of the sealing device 39 with integrated damping device 90 , The sealing device 39 is one-piece as a sealing body 39a educated. The sealing body 39a is designed as a frame or frame-like. As material for the sealing body 39a nitrile rubber is selected. A frame element 39b is as a concave bent portion of the sealing body 39a educated. Over two thighs 39c , which in the illustrated embodiment are slightly oblique and thus form a step, is the frame element 39b with an opposite frame element 39d which likewise has a concave curvature, that is to say a curvature pointing into the interior of the frame. With the frame element 39d borders the sealing device 39 to the damping device 90 on or is connected to this. In the illustrated embodiment, the sealing device 39 one-piece, that is integrated, with the damping device 90 connected. The damping device 90 is as a ring body 91 educated. The ring body 91 has circumferentially adjacent toothed segments 92 on, with which this tooth flanks of a toothing of the inner gearbox with the intermediate bearing 46 is present, as in 3 shown more clearly.

The 3 shows in a perspective view the intermediate storage 46 with internal gear 98 and interposed sealing device 39 with integrated damping device 90 to 2 , The damping device 90 lies with the toothed segments 92 on the tooth flanks 94a the gearing 94 of the interim storage 46 and the tooth flanks 95a the gearing 95 so that a sandwich-type gear arrangement of intermediate storage 46 , Damping device 90 and internal gear 98 is realized. Radially outwardly protrudes from the damping device 90 the sealing device 39 from. By the damping device 90 become unwanted loads or shocks from the output shaft 25 on the inner gear 98 dampened.

The 4 shows in a perspective view of the sealing device 39 in isolation. Good here is the frame-shaped structure with the frame elements 39b -D to recognize. The two lateral and approximately the same design frame elements run 39c slightly oblique with and form an offset.

The 5 shows in another perspective view of the sealing device 39 to 4 , Here it can be clearly seen that on the inwardly facing side of the frame element 39b three positioning elements 39e are arranged. The positioning elements 39 are integrated or integral with the frame element 39b educated. The positioning elements are designed approximately as a halved circular cylinder.

The 6 shows in a front view of the sealing device 39 to 4 and 5 , The semicircular positioning elements are clear 39e shown. In addition, in a common area of the sealing device 39 and the damping device 90 forming area, at least partially through the frame element 39d is formed, positioning elements 39f educated. The positioning elements 39f are formed as through holes, here as through holes with a circular cross section. With the respective positioning elements 39e . 39f can the sealing device 39 at each complementary positioning provide accurate fit.

The 7 shows a partial transparent side view of a section of an embodiment of the electrical machine 100 with the area to be sealed and dampened 110 , The area 110 is represented by a semicircle oval. In this area 110 is a transition of internal gear 98 to the interim storage 46 educated. The arrangement of the damping device is clear 90 axially between the inner gear 98 and the interim storage 46 shown.

The 8th shows in a perspective view a section of the inner gear 98 with the sealing device 39 with integrated damping device 90 to 2 , The damping device 90 lies in the cup-shaped ring gear 33 of the internal gear 98 (Planetary gear) on.

The 9 shows in a perspective view of the embodiment of the electric machine 100 to 7 all in one. Here is clearly shown how the sealing device 39 radially from a transition region of the pole housing 11 to the end shield 42 with the drive bearing 36 sticking out and the in 7 shown area 110 seals. This is a sealed and damped electric machine 100 realized.

The 10 shows in a perspective view a section of the electrical machine 100 to 9 with the sealing device 39 , The sealing device lies with its concave shaped frame element 39b on the housing 62 of the relay 20 at. The frame element 39d is correspondingly concave to rest on the pole housing 11 educated. In this way, the sealing device 39 with the integrated damping device 90 Easy and error-free to assemble in one step.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 19748605 A1 [0008]

Claims (10)

Electric machine ( 100 ), in particular a starting device such as a starter, for starting an internal combustion engine, comprising at least one intermediate bearing ( 46 ), which has a drive train with an internal gear ( 98 ) with at least two gear parts coupled to one another, wherein at least one sealing device ( 39 ) at the interim storage facility ( 46 ) for sealing the inner gear ( 98 ) is provided, characterized in that at least one damping device ( 90 ) is provided for damping at least one gear part in at least one circumferential direction, so that in the area ( 110 ) of the transition from the interim storage facility ( 46 ) and the inner gear ( 98 ) at least one seal and a circumferential damping of the transmission ( 98 ) is guaranteed. Electric machine ( 100 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing device ( 39 ) and the damping device ( 90 ) are integrated, in particular in one piece, are formed with each other. Electric machine ( 100 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sealing device ( 39 ) and / or the damping device ( 90 ) is formed of an elastic sealing material, in particular a rubber-like material / are. Electric machine ( 100 ) according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the damping device ( 90 ) in the axial direction between the inner gear ( 98 ) and with the inner gear ( 98 ) engaged intermediate storage ( 46 ) is arranged. Electric machine ( 100 ) according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the damping device ( 90 ) as a ring body ( 91 ) with corresponding toothed segments ( 92 ) is trained. Electric machine ( 100 ) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the sealing device ( 39 ) than radially from the annular body ( 91 ) protruding sealing body ( 39a ) is trained. Electric machine ( 100 ) according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that the sealing body ( 39a ) as a frame at one point in the direction of a relay ( 20 ) protrudes. Electric machine ( 100 ) according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a frame element ( 39b ) as a concavely curved section for contact with a relay housing ( 62 ) is trained. Electric machine ( 100 ) according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that the damping device ( 90 ) and / or the sealing device ( 39 ) Positioning elements ( 39e . 39f ) has a positionally accurate mounting. Method for producing and / or assembling an electrical machine ( 100 ), in particular a starting device such as a starter, for starting an internal combustion engine, with at least one intermediate storage ( 46 ), which has a drive train with an internal gear ( 98 ) with at least two gear parts coupled to each other, the steps comprising: inserting the inner gear ( 98 ) in the interim storage ( 46 ), wherein at least one sealing device ( 39 ) at the interim storage facility ( 46 ) for sealing the inner gear ( 98 ) is provided, characterized in that at least one damping device ( 90 ) is provided for damping at least one gear part in at least one circumferential direction, in particular simultaneously with the insertion of the sealing device ( 39 ) is provided so that in the area of the transition from the intermediate storage ( 46 ) and the transmission ( 98 ) at least one seal and a circumferential damping of the transmission ( 98 ) is guaranteed.

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