DE102013206620B4 - Communication cable network of at least one intelligent energy meter connected to a smart power distribution network building unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a communication cable network (10) of a building unit (30) connected to at least one intelligent energy meter (“smart meter” 20) to an intelligent power distribution network (“smart grid” 1), comprising one or more rooms (31). The communication cable network (10) according to the invention is characterized in that in each room (31) there is at least one building unit (30) connected via at least one intelligent energy meter ("smart meter" 20) to an intelligent power distribution network ("smart grid" 1) Slot (40) for - the electrical connector (41) of a single (L / N / PE) or multi-phase (L1 / L2 / L3 / N / PE) current conductor (50) for the power supply and optional data communication between the at least one intelligent energy meter (20) and consumers (90) of the building unit (30); and - the optical connector (42) of at least one optical waveguide (60) is provided for optional data communication between the at least one intelligent energy meter (20) and consumers (90) of the building unit (30). The communication cable network (10) according to the invention, which is optionally enabled and in particular also simultaneously uses the current conductor (50) and optical fiber (60) of a building unit (30) for data transmission between at least one intelligent energy meter (“smart meter” 20) of a building unit ( 30) and consumers (90; 91, 92, 93, 94; 99) of the building unit (30) can complement each other in the interaction. For the first time, error and failure risks can also be excluded or a plausibility check can be provided.

Description

• – einen elektrischen Steckverbinder eines ein- (L/N/PE) oder mehrphasigen (L₁/L₂/L₃/N/PE) Stromleiters zur Stromversorgung und wahlweisen Datenkommunikation zwischen dem wenigstens einen intelligenten Energiezähler und Verbrauchern der Gebäudeeinheit; und
• – einen optischen Steckverbinder zumindest eines Lichtwellenleiters zur wahlweisen Datenkommunikation zwischen dem wenigstens einen intelligenten Energiezähler und Verbrauchern der Gebäudeeinheit

bereitgestellt ist.The present invention relates to a communication cable network of a building unit comprising at least one intelligent energy meter ("Smart Meter") connected to an intelligent power distribution network comprising one or more rooms, wherein in each room of the building unit at least one slot for

• An electrical connector of a single (L / N / PE) or multi-phase (L ₁ / L ₂ / L ₃ / N / PE) power conductor for power supply and optional data communication between the at least one smart meter and consumers of the building unit; and
• An optical connector of at least one optical waveguide for optional data communication between the at least one intelligent energy meter and consumers of the building unit

is provided.

Our common, future energy security can only be considered successful if the existing power distribution network becomes "intelligent" and enables secure data communication, as well as energy transmission. It is certainly not a futuristic idea to assume that more and more homeowners of single- and multi-family houses, municipalities and cities etc. will be able to generate at least a significant part of their electricity needs in a few years (so-called regional supply ) and store it via suitable energy buffer between. By means of a generally accessible energy management system then the self-energy generation (EEE) by means of solar, wind, water, bio, heating, fuel cell, etc. to capture the actual, individual self-consumption for the day, the week, the Month to determine (real energy needs plus extrapolation by consumer profile) and the necessary residual energy demand (shortage energy) to give the user of consumers in a building unit, the required residual energy at an agreed price at the desired time by another, free energy producers or energy supply companies (RUs). Only when the necessary data communication is possible can one speak of a true intelligent power distribution network ("smart grid").

The existing "outdoor" network of electrical power distribution lines for distributing electricity, referred to in the context of the present invention as a power distribution network, is usually divided into different levels, which are interconnected by transformers: for Central Europe, for example, these would be the high voltage level (110 kV to 380 kV), the medium voltage level (10 kV to 30 kV) and the low voltage level with 0.4 kV. The different voltage levels are used for low-loss bridging of different distances. Therefore, the voltage levels were basically (only) designed for power distribution.

Since the 1930s, however, it has been known that control signals or other data can be transmitted via the power distribution network, so-called powerline communications (PLC). In this case, the current-carrying power distribution lines parallel to the power distribution and the communication of data, e.g. used for switching and / or controlling consumers. The transformers located between the voltage levels represent "natural" barriers for the PLC carrier frequencies. For a long time, PLC use was reserved for RUs only. Since the liberalization of the telecommunications market, however, certain frequency ranges have also been opened up for customer applications. PLC signals, which in addition to the current, are modulated onto current-carrying power distribution lines, in principle represent a network load and contamination. Even connected to an "indoor" power supply consumers, such as lamps and household appliances (eg electronically controlled hotplates) can be massively affected, as well Consumer electronics, alarm systems and the like. To protect against interference and to ensure electromagnetic compatibility, the CENELEC standard EN 50065-1 regulates communication via power grids in the frequency range from 3 to 148.5 kHz (Cenelec band). In addition, the transmission level must not exceed 5 mW.

The functions of current smart meters vary from provider to provider. For example, there are remote-readable smart meters that eliminate the need for annual readings, as well as those that additionally make energy consumption more visible to consumers' consumers, allowing them to consciously use energy. Such smart meters can display the current power consumption, gas, water etc. and their progress over a period of time, for example through a decentralized display on the "smart meter" or through a central PC. Furthermore, consumption data of the electricity, gas, water customers and those of the energy fed into the power distribution network itself (generated for example by a photovoltaic system of the customer) can be stored and evaluated. The energy supplier can transmit and display the current tariff, information on a tariff change and additional information of the energy supplier to the customer. Furthermore, an automatic Meter reading by the utility (via a telecommunications network) are performed. As an additional switching function, the (programmed) control and remote control of individual consumers with high power consumption in the household (via a telecommunications network) possible, these applications require separate filters.

This interaction of "indoor" data communication, ie between consumers in the household of a building unit and the one or more intelligent energy meters ("smart meters") of the building unit on the one hand; and an "outdoor" data communication, ie between the intelligent energy meter (s) of the building unit and at least one data concentrator of the energy supply company (s) on the other hand; is guaranteed only if the data communication between these units is possible without interference. Only then can an "intelligent" energy distribution and sensible use of energy be ensured.

It is not unproblematic that even consumers in particular of white goods such as washing machines, refrigerators, vacuum cleaners, microwaves, stoves, cooker hoods and the like more, presently represent typical consumers with high high potential part, so cause interference in particular in the "indoor" power grid. It is known to use against such "disturbers" in the household broadband filter. If, however, a broadband filter is used in the "indoor" power supply network of a building unit for consumers causing a noise level, then this filter also influences any PLC signals. This interference can interrupt the communication via the power lines and thus cause a data concentrator, as well as an intelligent energy meter ("smart meter"), to increase its transmission power. This option is currently provided by all manufacturers, also to be able to set themselves above the basic noise level in the network or to be able to establish communication even then. This, however, is accompanied by a considerably greater effort and, in some cases, overheating, especially of intelligent energy meters ("smart meters"), which in the worst case can even catch fire. In addition, of course, there is an additional network load in the form of a large surge in voltage.

The limits for powerline communication, ie for signal and information transmission via power lines, whether in the "indoor" or "outdoor" area, are set tightly in the currently generally permitted Cenelec band area. For the communication of high data rates, the frequency range must be significantly increased to be able to transmit a broader range of data faster. For this reason, all companies offering broadband services currently use megahertz powerline communication outside the CENELEC standard. This technology, known as Broadband Powerline Communications (BPLC), is frequency-localized between 1.6 MHz and 30 MHz for data rates up to <5 Mbps. The problem with this is that power lines radiate very high frequencies very easily above 300 kHz. So if high-frequency data is transmitted over a normally unshielded power line, then such lines act as antennas that emit electromagnetic waves. These waves can disturb other devices and radio services and render them useless. Especially shortwave frequencies are affected. If these electro-smog emissions were to be reduced by a drastic reduction in level, then the data throughput in the PLC system is reduced, and one gets back to the initial problem of insufficient data rates.

In the application of broadband powerline communications in particular, a high-frequency electromagnetic field is generated not only by the connected consumers, but also (and especially) in the vicinity of the power supply lines. Within the framework of "smart meters" and also "smart grids" there are therefore relatively many, in particular private, users of building units (whether owners or tenants) who tolerate no broadband PLC in the rooms of their inhabited building unit and spared from such radiation want to become. The same problem is subject to known smart metering systems which, in connection with the required data communication between the intelligent energy meter ("smart meter") and the consumers of a building unit, rely on WLAN or comparable radio systems. It is both understandable that, for example, owners or tenants in an apartment building want to protect themselves against their own high-frequency HF or the neighbors' broadband power line (BPLC) or WLAN communication in the "indoor" area and their own health concerns for themselves and their families. There are, of course, ways to block these signals and thus also the emission on the "Smart Meter" (SM), for example by a suitable mains filter completely in the "indoor" area, but then also any data evaluation between consumers in a building unit and a "Smart Meter "(SM) of the building unit prevented. However, this is not in the sense of the currently initiated energy transition and is altogether misguided if many energy customers, e.g. can not be informed about the individual power consumption of their consumers and the resulting potential energy savings.

The above statements result in a future connection, in particular of the private "indoor" areas to an intelligent "outdoor" power distribution network ("smart grid") and secure communication via at least one intelligent energy meter ("smart meter") of a building unit with consumers in the building unit as necessary as it makes sense.

The DE 10 2010 018 292 A1 discloses a method and apparatus for controlling or monitoring an electrical device pluggable to power it into a power outlet connected to a power supply terminal of a power module via a power supply circuit. First of all, the power socket used for the electrical device is identified by means of a parameter change detected at the power supply connection of the power supply module or by means of an identification signal which is transmitted from the power socket to the power supply connection of the power supply module via a signaling line belonging to the supply circuit. Then, a logical address of the identified power outlet is assigned to the respective power supply terminal of the power module. The electrical device connected to the identified power outlet is controlled or monitored by the associated logical address of the identified power outlet. The DE 199 165 27 A1 refers to a device socket according to the standard IEC 320, status 1981, for data processing equipment in which an optical fiber for data transmission is integrated in addition to the current-carrying lines. This opens together with the other lines in a cable that ends at the power plug. The other end of the optical waveguide, which can emerge both from the side of the device socket as well as on its front side, is connected to the data input and output of the data processing or processing device. This eliminates the need to install separate data transmission lines if the wall outlets are wired accordingly.

The DE 10 2005 062 714 A1 relates to a cable having at least a first and a second conductor, wherein the first conductor and the second conductor each having a plurality of insulated individual cables, wherein a plurality of individual cables of the first conductor and / or a plurality of individual cables of the second conductor in an initial area and / or in a End region of the cable are each electrically conductively connected to each other, and wherein at least one individual cable of the first conductor is at least partially disposed directly adjacent to and substantially parallel to at least one single cable of the second conductor and forms a single cable group with this.

Finally, out of the DE 10 2012 217 636 A1 discloses a load control arrangement comprising a communication channel adapted to transmit information. A control unit is connected to the communication channel and adapted to send and / or receive information via the communication channel. A load control unit is also connected to the communication channel. The load control unit includes a circuit breaker configured to be connected to a power line. The load control unit is further configured to determine an energy consumption of a load connected to the power line. The load control unit provides measurement data representative of the detected power consumption to a controller via the communication channel, and switches the disconnect switch based on the driver information obtained via the communication channel or based on the detected power consumption.

On this basis, the present invention has the object to provide an improved communication cable network, with which a transmission of data rates via conductors of the communication network can be selectively supported or blocked. In addition, users of a building unit connected to at least one intelligent energy meter ("smart meter") to an intelligent power distribution network ("smart grid") should be able to decide for themselves which signals they allow in the "indoor" area of their building unit - and which emissions they avoid would like to.

This object is achieved by a communication cable network of a building unit connected to at least one intelligent energy meter ("smart meter") to an intelligent power distribution network ("smart grid") having the features of patent claim 1.

The communication cable network according to the invention is characterized in that each intelligent electricity meter which is directly connected to the intelligent power distribution network is assigned a central signal filter device which can be activated manually and / or via the current conductor and / or the optical waveguide (LWL). is formed activatable that transmissions of data signals or data rates between this energy meter of the building unit and consumers of the building unit via the conductors supported with activation of the central signal filter means and blocked with de-activation of the central signal filtering device.

Alternatively or cumulatively, according to the invention, at least one consumer can also have one be assigned decentralized signal filter device which is manually and / or via the conductor and / or the optical waveguide (LWL) so activatable and de-activated designed that transmissions of data signals or data rates between the at least one smart energy meter ("smart meter") Building unit and consumers of the building unit via the conductors supported with activation of the decentralized signal filtering device and blocked with de-activation of the decentralized signal filtering device.

With the provision of at least one optical waveguide for optional data communication between the at least one intelligent energy meter ("smart meter") of a building unit and consumers of the building unit via the optical waveguide (HF), high frequency RF effects are advantageously excluded in this data communication despite conceivable high data rates Optical fibers known to transmit the data by means of modulated light and not by means of high frequencies. In addition, by data signals or data rates between the at least one intelligent energy meter ("smart meter") of a building unit and consumers of the building unit can be selectively transmitted via the power conductors and / or the optical fiber (FO) of a building unit, the user can one via at least one smart energy meter ("Smart Meter") to an intelligent power distribution network ("Smart Grid") connected building unit advantageously decide itself which signals or rates of data communication (namely by modulated light and / or modulated frequencies, especially in the Cenelec band) allow - and which He wants to avoid emissions.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention, which can be used individually or in combination with one another, are specified in the dependent claims.

According to one development of the communication cable network, the electrical connector of the conductor and the optical connector of the at least one optical waveguide (LWL) are part of a (common) slot, which is preferably designed as a double socket.

In a further embodiment of the communication cable network, the single (L / N / PE) or multi-phase (L ₁ / L ₂ / L ₃ / N / PE) current conductors and the at least one optical waveguide (LWL) are preferably integral components of one and the same power cable ,

In order to keep the strength of an integral power cord minimally advantageous, the integration of such optical waveguides (LWL) has proven in the power cord, which comprise only a core and a surrounding jacket, so preferably without further protective layers (such as a conventional protective coating for the jacket and a this surrounding outer shell).

In order to eliminate or at least reduce RF effects associated with optional data communication via a current conductor of the communication cable network above the Cenelec band, in particular 300 kHz, at least the current conductor or (in particular manufacturing) the current and optical waveguides (LWL) of one Power cable together, surrounded by a, realized for example by a metal foil, shielding.

In order to also dissipate electrical alternating fields, which always emanate from the current-carrying phases of a conductor harmless to earth, it is preferable to arrange a bare wire between the surrounding of the shield conductors, which preferably at least partially abuts the shield and connected, for example, with the house ground of the building unit is.

According to a further development of the communication cable network, it is provided that the current conductor connected to the at least one intelligent energy meter of a building unit, in addition to the power supply of consumers of the building unit for transmitting low data rates up to <150kBit / s between intelligent energy meter ("smart meter") of the building unit and consumers Building unit are designed.

According to one development of the communication cable network, provision is also made for the optical waveguides (LWL) connected to the at least one intelligent energy meter of a building unit to transmit high data rates of, for example, 1 Gbit / s between the intelligent energy meter and the consumers of the building unit.

Consumers in a communication cable network according to the invention of a building unit are preferably those which can be activated and de-activated via the current conductor and / or the optical waveguide (LWL).

In a development, it is preferred if at least one of the consumers connected via optical waveguides (LWL) to the at least one intelligent energy meter ("smart meter") is an energy management device (PC).

A power cable for use in a communication cable network as described above is characterized in particular in that a single (L / N / PE) or multi-phase (L ₁ / L ₂ / L ₃ / N / PE) Conductor and at least one, preferably two, optical fibers are integral components of one and the same power cord. Such a power cord can be installed in a building unit as surface or flush mounted cable. However, it can also be designed as an extension cable, thus also offering the possibility of providing an extension with the same characteristics as in the rooms of a building unit from an existing slot, if there is no connection at the desired end point of the extension cable (permanently or interim) or accidentally was not planned.

A communication method in a communication cable network according to the invention may optionally transmit data signals or data rates between the at least one intelligent energy meter ("smart meter") of a building unit and consumers of the building unit via the power conductors and / or optical fibers (FO) of a building unit.

Alternatively or cumulatively, a communication method in a communication cable network according to the invention may also simultaneously transmit data signals or data rates between the at least one smart meter of a building unit and consumers of the building unit via the power conductors and fiber optic cables of a building unit.

The communication cable network according to the invention is equally suitable for building units located in the new building as well as for the subsequent house installation, especially in the course of upcoming renovations or renovations. It allows for the first time the optional data communication between the intelligent energy meter ("smart meter") of a building unit and consumers of this building unit via conductors and / or optical fibers, which can complement each other in the interaction. In particular, not only modern consumers with already equipped interface for data communication via fiber optic (FO) but also existing consumers with already equipped PLC interface with the at least one intelligent energy meter ("smart meter") communicate a building unit and so in an intelligent power distribution network (" Smart Grid "). The user of a equipped with a communication cable network building unit according to the advantages of an intelligent power distribution network are fully opened, without disposing of all consumers in particular of its existing household from the outset and replace it with modern fiber optic interface for data communication via fiber optic (LWL) equipped consumers , But even after equipping all consumers of a building unit with modern interfaces for data communication via fiber optic cables can be excluded in a communication cable network according to the invention for the first time and failure risks in the data communication or plausibility checks are provided when consumers with both a PLC and with a Fiber optic sections are equipped, which is to be expected as the energy transition and realization of the present invention progresses.

The great advantage of PLC communication with frequencies in the cenelec band or up to 300 kHz or preferably below 270 kHz is that this communication is still functional even if high frequency (HF) fails, especially in the event of a failure of the telecommunications networks. Then it is unlikely that smart meters in the basement of a building will still be able to communicate with a data concentrator in their environment using RF. On the other hand, the PLC communicates with the data concentrator via the power lines.

Finally, the great advantage of connecting PLC communication to fiber optic communication is that the latter fiber optic communication allows emission-free transmission of very high data rates as well, in particular for real-time models that reduce energy consumption, e.g. Intelligent control and regulation of the entire electricity system, from power generation to electricity distribution grids to electricity consumption by a large number of consumers, is a precondition and will not be able to do without the energy turnaround. In addition to the "smart meter" and "smart grid" applications described here, naturally all other broadband applications such as Internet, cable television, etc. can also be fed in via the optical waveguides (LWL) of a communication cable network according to the invention and provided in each room of a building unit.

The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing with reference to preferred embodiments:

In it show schematically:

1 for example, various, equipped with a communication cable network according to the invention, building units of single and multi-family homes, which are connected via at least one intelligent energy meter to the "last mile" of an intelligent power distribution network;

2 the communication cable network of a multi-room building unit of the apartment building 1 which is connected to the "last mile" of an intelligent power distribution network ("smart grid") via an energy meter designed as an intelligent electricity meter;

3 the ends of the conductors of an integrally formed power cord of the communication cable network of a building unit according to the invention;

4 the structure of an optical waveguide (LWL) prior to its integration in a power cable of the communication cable network according to the invention of a building unit; and

5 a basic network plan of a communication cable network according to the invention.

In the following description of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, like reference characters designate like or similar components.

1 shows only by way of example different building units 30 of single and multi-family houses. To electrical consumers 90 in the building units 30 , as in particular lighting, heating and air conditioning, devices of the so-called "brown" and "white" goods or the like more, to provide with electrical energy, one uses a power distribution network 1 with electric power lines from the electricity producers (EVUs) to the building units 30 , In 1 is shown as the building units 30 about intelligent energy meters 20 ("Smart meter") at the lowest voltage level, the so-called "last mile" 2 , an intelligent power distribution network 1 are connected, which via a local transformer 3 with the next higher voltage level, in Germany as medium voltage level 4 denotes, is connected. In the known "outdoor" PLC communication are usually data signals in Trafohäuschen of the local transformer 3 fed by signal modulators and from there via the power lines of the "last mile" 2 up to the intelligent energy meters 20 ("Smart meters") of the building units 30 transfer. There, the signals are in front of the energy meter 20 tapped and after the energy meter 20 back in the power conductor 50 of the "in-house" power grid. Furthermore, in the local power transformer 3 a data concentrator (not shown) can be arranged which is connected via the power lines of the "last mile" 2 the smart energy meters 20 ("Smart Meter") of all connected building units 30 especially smart meters 21 , intelligent gas meters 22 or the like over a communication channel (eg Cenelec Powerline A-Band) monitors and communicates the data of all smart connected energy meters ("smart meter") to a central system at the one or more utility companies (EVUs) for processing.

2 shows the communication cable network 10 one of several rooms 31 comprehensive building unit 30 of the apartment building 1 which have one as an intelligent electricity meter 21 trained energy meter 20 at the "last mile" 2 an intelligent power distribution network 1 connected. Shown is, as in every room 31 the building unit 30 at least one slot 40 for the electrical connector 41 a single (L / N / PE) or multi-phase (L ₁ / L ₂ / L ₃ / N / PE) conductor 50 for power supply and optional data communication between the smart meter 21 and consumers 90 the building unit 30 ; and the optical connector 42 at least one optical waveguide 60 for optional data communication between the smart meter 21 and consumers 90 the building unit 30 is provided, the slot 40 is preferably designed as a double socket. In a preferred embodiment of the communication cable network 10 are the single (L / N / PE) or multi-phase (L ₁ / L ₂ / L ₃ / N / PE) conductors 50 and the at least one optical fiber 60 prefers integral components of one and the same power cord 70 ,

3 shows the ends of the ladder 50 . 60 such, integrally formed power cord 70 the communication cable network according to the invention 10 a building unit 30 , preferably comprising at least two optical waveguides 60 in order to be able to send and receive redundantly high data rates. To even with optional data communication via a conductor 50 of the communication cable network 10 At least the current conductor should be eliminated, or at least reduced, above the Cenelec band 50 , or (in particular manufacturing) preferably the current 50 and optical fibers 60 a power cord 70 together, from a, realized for example by a metal foil, shielding 71 surround. To even electric alternating fields, always from the live phases 50c a conductor 50 emanating harmless to divert earth is preferred between those of the shield 71 surrounded ladders 50 . 60 a bare wire 72 to be arranged, which preferably at least partially on the shield 71 is present and, for example, with the house ground of the building unit 30 (not shown) is connected.

4 shows the structure of an optical waveguide 60 before its integration in a power cord 70 the communication cable network according to the invention 10 a building unit 30 , To the strength of the power cord 70 advantageous to keep minimal has yourself in the power cord 70 the integration of such optical fibers 60 proven, which only a core 61 and a surrounding coat 62 include, so preferably without further protective layers (such as one for the jacket 62 usual protective coating and a surrounding outer shell) get along.

5 shows the basic network plan of a communication cable network 10 in a building unit 30 according to the invention. As in 2 is shown in every room 31 the building unit 30 at least one slot 40 for the electrical connector 41 a single (L / N / PE) or multi-phase (L ₁ / L ₂ / L ₃ / N / PE) conductor 50 for power supply and optional data communication between the smart meter 20 and consumers 90 the building unit 30 ; and the optical connector 42 at least one optical waveguide 60 for optional data communication between the smart meter 20 and consumers 90 the building unit 30 provided. Of course, it is advisable, in a building unit 30 only slots 40 for optional data communication via power conductors 50 and / or optical fibers 60 to provide, which advantageously a more flexible arrangement of consumers 90 in the building unit 30 allowed. The communication cable network according to the invention 10 is about as an intelligent electricity meter 21 trained energy meter 20 at the lowest voltage level, the so-called "last mile" 2 , an intelligent power distribution network 1 connected, which via a local transformer 3 connected to next higher voltage levels (see. 1 ). About the power lines of the "last mile" 2 is the smart electricity meter 21 with an example in the building of the local transformer 3 arranged data concentrator (not shown) connected, which all connected devices of a building unit 30 especially the intelligent electricity meter 21 , but possibly also other smart meters 20 ("Smart meter") in particular a gas meter 22 or a water meter 23 etc. of a building unit 30 monitors, that is, collects the data from all the connected devices and sends them in bundled form to the central system of the energy supply company (s). By bundling the data, a reduction of the data transfer at the voltage level can be achieved.

Receives the smart meter 21 or another smart energy meter 20 ("Smart Meter") of the building unit 30 one in the lines of the last mile 2 coupled "outdoor" signal, can be the smart electricity meter 21 this to the consumers 90 via the "in-house" communication cable network 10 the building unit 30 Optionally via power conductors 50 and / or light guide 60 hand off. The consumers 90 in a communication cable network according to the invention 10 a building unit 30 are preferably those which via the conductor 50 and / or the optical waveguide 60 activated and de-activated are formed. To the transmission of data signals or data rates over the conductors 50 of the communication network 10 optionally support or block is according to the invention the smart meter 21 as directly to the intelligent power distribution network 1 connected energy meter 20 a central signal filter device 80 assigned, which manually and / or via the conductor 50 and / or the optical waveguide 60 is designed so activatable and de-activated that transmissions of data signals or data rates between the smart meter 21 the building unit 30 and consumers 90 the building unit 30 over the conductors 50 with activation of the central signal filter device 80 supported and with de-activation of the central signal filtering device 80 are blocked. Alternatively or cumulatively, according to the invention, at least one consumer can also be used 90 a decentralized signal filter device 81 be assigned, which manually and / or over the conductor 50 and / or the optical waveguide 60 is designed so activatable and de-activated that transmissions of data signals or data rates between the smart meter 21 the building unit 30 and consumers 90 the building unit 30 over the conductors 50 with activation of the decentralized signal filter device 81 supported and with de-activation of the signal filtering device 81 are blocked.

The communication cable network according to the invention 10 is particularly suitable for consumers 92 or 93 with at least one interface for data communication via optical fibers 60 , as these in a communication cable network according to the invention 10 do not cause RF emissions. Such consumers 92 or 93 However, the current consumers are not suddenly comprehensively covered 90 ; 94 peel off. Rather, you will be for at least one, two or even three decades with a significant mix of consumers 90 to 94 especially in private building units 30 have to reckon. It can in the future in a building unit 30 for example, consumers 91 equipped with only one PLC interface, consumer 92 with a PLC and fiber optic interface, consumer 93 with only one fiber optic interface or consumer 94 without any intelligent interface for data communication. Also, in addition to smart electricity meters 21 more intelligent energy meters 20 Be provided ("smart meter"), in particular intelligent gas meters 22 , smart water meter 23 , or the like, more about the energy management device 99 be included.

Communication between consumers 91 equipped with only one PLC interface can take place in the Cenelec band on different frequencies. In addition, a communication can take place above the cenelec range, according to the invention preferably between 150 and 300 kHz, preferably up to 270 kHz, which meet acceptance in the wide circle of users, as at these frequencies still sufficiently from a largely conducted transmission with a negligible Radiation can be expected to about 30 to 50 cm, while higher frequencies above 300 kHz act as interference. At the frequencies less than 300 kHz or preferably less than 270 kHz, the wire-bound signal transmission also finds its limit if a radiation without further measures such as a shield 71 etc. should be avoided. While the Cenelec bands A and B are specifically reserved for communication with RUs and their licensees, the C band and the frequencies between 150 kHz and 300 kHz or up to 270 kHz are fully available to consumers and private companies for the communication of a consumer 91 equipped with a PLC interface to the one smart energy meter 20 ("Smart Meter") can be used as far as a prescribed at least for the C-band common access protocol and a coexistence protocol are observed. In A-band mode, transceivers typically support two channels within that band, one at 75 kHz and one at 86 kHz as the average. In C-band mode, transceivers usually also support two channels, one at 115 kHz and one at 132 kHz as the average. The existence of two channels is based on the fact that in case of a blockade of one channel it is unlikely that the other channel will be blocked by a vibration of the affected power line.

The communication cable network shown in the previously described figures 10 a building unit 30 allowed in every room 31 the building unit 30 a communication between at least one intelligent energy meter 20 ("Smart Meter") of the building unit 30 and consumers 90 the building unit 30 , Every high-energy consumer 90 in the building unit 30 can - provided appropriate interfaces and controls - either via the CENELEC PLC signal and / or a fiber optic signal read and also controlled. This means that, for example, a magnetic switch (voltage-free) of a consumer 90 , or a comparable switching unit (relay) can be activated or deactivated via the PLC signal and thus the respective consumer 90 can be switched on or off remotely or can be set active or inactive. The same applies to the optical fiber combination, with which, for example via an A / D converter or a contactor, a magnetic switch or a semiconductor switching element, a consumer 90 can be switched on or off. If the user of a building unit 30 (Homeowner or tenant) no high-frequency PLC signals in the rooms 31 his building unit 30 tolerates, he has in a communication cable network according to the invention 10 the possibility of data transfer, as well as the control options exclusively via fiber optic to activate, as far as its consumers 90 already equipped with corresponding fiber optic interfaces. An energy management facility 99 , In particular, a computer device (PC), which is also specifically programmable for this development, the user of a building unit 30 Preferably show options in a menu and offer, for example, activated by mouse click. This allows each user of a building unit 30 decide for themselves whether a data extraction and data evaluation, for example, the power consumption or needs of its consumers 90 over the conductors 50 via PLC and / or via the optical fibers 60 (LWL) in its energy management facility 99 and via which interface (namely, for modulated light data transfer and / or high frequency data transfer) its consumers 90 to be controlled. This optional option can be changed and changed by the user at any time. It guarantees the worried and electrosmog-sensitive users of a building unit 30 an unrestricted "Smart Grid" connection via a "radiation-free" or HF- u. signal-free "power cable 70 ,

This is every smart energy meter 20 ("Smart Meter"), which immediately a building unit 30 with the intelligent power distribution network 1 connects, with PLC in the Cenelec band, as well as equipped with an optical fiber interface (sending & receiving). In addition, such an intelligent energy meter 20 ("Smart Meter") operatively connected to an A / D converter, with all the components required for this purpose. Every slot 40 in the building unit 30 and every hard-wired consumer 90 It is using this central interface together with Smart Meter 20 captured and saved. The intelligent energy meter 20 ("Smart Meter") communicates either via PLC, or LWL, or both ways simultaneously with all consumers 90 the building unit 30 , The user (homeowner / tenant) can use his energy management facility 99 read out and check all required data with a specially designed energy management program. In addition, the program refers to the energy management facility 99 (PC) on the existing current energy reserves (batteries, PV, fuel cell, etc.) and shows how long the energy supply for the active devices and systems 90 still holds. The program of energy management facility 99 (PC) also suggests which consumers 90 may be switched on or off or programmed, eg time-controlled, to be switched on or off at a later time. If necessary, the user can do these functions by mouse click in the energy management facility 99 release and follow the suggestion of the same immediately or with a time delay. This option is also an advantage. In addition, the current, regional weather situation for an extrapolation in consumption can be consulted (eg PV solar irradiation). The homeowner / tenant of a building unit 30 can choose the option to charge an external energy supplier to deliver its energy shortage if its own energy is insufficient at a particular time of day. The recommendation for this provides him with an energy management program, which preferably also controls the action when the homeowner / tenant is not present, but has activated the option for it. Likewise the user / owner / tenant has the possibility over the mentioned interface / Smart Meter 20 also initiate and monitor this process externally, in particular via the Internet to SM-PLC fiber-optic cable.

The communication cable network according to the invention 10 For example, allow the following communications:

• 1.1.: Der ein- (L/N/PE) oder mehrphasige (L₁/L₂/L₃/N/PE) Stromleiter 50 überträgt PLC-Signale (insbesondere im CENELEC-Band oder mit Frequenzen vornehmlich kleiner 300 kHz) für Datenraten bis <150kBit/s (insbesondere Energie-Verbrauchsdaten und/oder EVU-Infos).
• 1.2.: Der Lichtwellenleiter 60 (LWL) überträgt hohe Datenraten zu einer zentralen Energie-Management-Einrichtung (PC oder Speichereinheit) über Interface und zum intelligenten Energiezähler 20 („Smart Meter“), wobei in einer jeden Richtung eine Kommunikation möglich ist !
• 1.3.: PLC übernimmt Steuer- u. Schaltfunktionen über Magnetschalter, oder Halbleiterschalter wie zum Beispiel Ein- u. Ausschaltfunktionen von Verbrauchern (Trockner, Waschmaschine, Geschirrspüler, Sauna, etc). In einer erweiterten Funktion kann die Möglichkeit verbunden sein, dass über eine Internetverbindung, oder Telekommunikationsverbindung die Smart Meter-Schnittstelle genutzt wird, um Remotefunktionen auch von externer Seite zu nutzen. Das heißt Überwachung von Verbraucher, sowie Ein- u. Ausschaltfunktionen (Alarmanlagen, Jalousien, Türfunktionen, Wetterüberwachung, etc.) können über diese Funktion genutzt werden.

Example 1: if PLC signals in the building unit 30 are desired:

• 1.1 .: The single (L / N / PE) or multi-phase (L ₁ / L ₂ / L ₃ / N / PE) conductor 50 transmits PLC signals (in particular in the CENELEC band or with frequencies mainly smaller than 300 kHz) for data rates up to <150kBit / s (in particular energy consumption data and / or RU info).
• 1.2 .: The optical fiber 60 (LWL) transmits high data rates to a central energy management device (PC or storage unit) via interface and to the intelligent energy meter 20 ("Smart Meter"), whereby in each direction a communication is possible!
• 1.3 .: PLC assumes control u. Switching functions via magnetic switches, or semiconductor switches such as Ein u. Switch off functions of consumers (dryer, washing machine, dishwasher, sauna, etc). In an advanced function, the possibility can be connected that the smart meter interface is used via an Internet connection or telecommunication connection in order to also use remote functions from the outside. This means monitoring of consumers, as well as Ein u. Switch-off functions (alarm systems, blinds, door functions, weather monitoring, etc.) can be used via this function.

• 2.1.: LWL-Kommunikation kann als Remoteschalter zum intelligenten Energiezähler 20 („Smart Meter“) verwendet werden und PLC-Signale bei Bedarf Inhouse freischalten. Nach Datentransfer, oder Schaltfunktionen kann das PLC-Kommunikation wieder über den Lichtwellenleiter 50 (LWL) deaktiviert werden. Trotz dieser Funktion bleibt die Kommunikation mit der EVU erhalten. Die Sperrung erfolgt lediglich zur Verbraucherseite.
• 2.2.: PLC-Signale können am intelligenten Energiezähler 20 („Smart Meter“) komplett über ein geeignetes Filter 80 (Impedanz- u. Filterkombination) geblockt werden. Die „Block-Funktion“ des Filters 80 kann ebenso mit dem Lichtwellenleiter 60 (LWL) aktiviert und deaktiviert werden. Damit ist auch sichergestellt, dass kein energiereicher Störer auf der Verbraucherseite die Auswertung des intelligenten Energiezählers 20 („Smart Meters“) beeinflusst und dadurch ist auch die Korrektheit der Energieabrechnung sicher gestellt (Eigenverbrauch und Einspeisevergütung von SWR und Alternativenergieerzeugern).
• 2.3.: Bei geblocktem PLC-Signal am intelligenten Energiezähler 20 („Smart Meter“) kann dennoch jede Datenkommunikation im Haus über den Lichtwellenleiter 60 (LWL) erfolgen und auch eine Verbrauchsanalyse in der Energie-Management-Einrichtung 99 (PC) durchgeführt werden. Die Kommunikation mit dem/den Energieversorgungsunternehmen (EVUs) ist davon unbeeinträchtigt. Im Gegenteil wird durch diese Maßnahme sichergestellt, dass PLC-Signale zum Datenkonzentrator nicht durch störende Verbraucher 90, 94 in der Gebäudeeinheit 30 gestört werden.

Example 2: If a PLC signal is only temporarily in the building unit 30 is desired, or should generally be prevented:

• 2.1 .: Fiber optic communication can be used as a remote switch to the intelligent energy meter 20 ("Smart Meter") can be used and enable PLC signals in-house as needed. After data transfer, or switching functions, the PLC communication can again via the optical fiber 50 (LWL) are disabled. Despite this function, communication with the RU remains intact. The blocking takes place only to the consumer side.
• 2.2 .: PLC signals can be sent to the intelligent energy meter 20 ("Smart Meter") completely via a suitable filter 80 (Impedance and filter combination) are blocked. The "block function" of the filter 80 can as well with the fiber optic cable 60 (LWL) can be activated and deactivated. This also ensures that no high-energy interferer on the consumer side, the evaluation of the intelligent energy meter 20 ("Smart Meters") and thus ensures the correctness of energy billing ensured (own consumption and feed-in tariff of SWR and alternative energy producers).
• 2.3 .: With blocked PLC signal on the intelligent energy meter 20 ("Smart Meter") can still any data communication in the house via the optical fiber 60 (LWL) and also a consumption analysis in the energy management facility 99 (PC). Communication with the energy supply company (RUs) is unaffected. On the contrary, this measure ensures that PLC signals to the data concentrator are not caused by interfering consumers 90 . 94 in the building unit 30 be disturbed.

By with the communication cable network according to the invention 10 optionally enabled and in particular simultaneous use of conductors 50 and optical fibers 60 (FO) of a building unit 30 for the data transmission between at least one intelligent energy meter 20 ("Smart Meter") of a building unit 30 and consumers 90 ; 91 . 92 . 93 . 94 ; 99 the building unit 30 they can complement each other in the interaction. For the first time, this also eliminates the risk of errors and outages or provides a plausibility check.

It is important that in every room 31 a building unit 30 at least one slot 40 is available, so that without any effort and additional cabling an immediate communication / switching function is possible.

The communication cable network according to the invention 10 is equally suitable for building units located in new buildings 30 as well as for the subsequent house installation, especially in the course of upcoming renovations or renovations of a building unit 30 ,

If, in future, a phase / fiber optic cable is routed in a building unit in general, the fiber optic terminals at each outlet can also be subsequently expanded as required. Every user (owner, tenant) can benefit from the "smart grid" 1 participate and decide for themselves which signals or rates they allow - and which emissions they want to avoid.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

 intelligent power distribution grid ("smart grid")

2

lowest voltage level ("last mile") of the power distribution network 1

3

 Local power transformer

4

 Medium voltage level

10

 Communications cable network

20

 intelligent energy meter ("smart meter")

21

 intelligent electricity meter

22

 intelligent gas meter

23

 intelligent water meter

30

 building unit

31

 Room of the building unit

40

 Slot, especially double socket

41

electrical connector of a single (L / N / PE) or multi-phase (L ₁ / L ₂ / L ₃ / N / PE) conductor 50

42

optical connectors of an optical waveguide 60

50

 conductor

50a

 Zero conductor (N)

50b

 Protective conductor (PE)

50c

 Ladder / phase (L)

60

 Fiber optic cable

61

 Core of the optical fiber

62

 Sheath of the optical waveguide

70

 integral power cable

71

 Shielding, in particular metal foil

72

 bare wire

73

 cable sheath

80

central signal filtering device, which is the intelligent electricity meter 20 the building unit 30 assigned

81

decentralized signal filter device which a consumer 90 the building unit 30 assigned

90

Consumers in the building unit 30

91

 Consumer with a PLC interface

92

 Consumer with PLC and fiber optic interface

93

 Consumer with an optical fiber interface

94

 Consumer without any PLC or fiber optic interface

99

 Energy Management Facility (PC)

Claims (12)

Communication cable network ( 10 ) one via at least one intelligent energy meter ( 20 ) to an intelligent power distribution network ( 1 ) connected building unit ( 30 ) comprising one or more rooms ( 31 ), whereby in each room ( 31 ) of the building unit ( 30 ) at least one slot ( 40 ) for - an electrical connector ( 41 ) of a single (L / N / PE) or multi-phase (L ₁ / L ₂ / L ₃ / N / PE) conductor ( 50 ) for power supply and optional data communication between the at least one intelligent energy meter ( 20 ) and consumers ( 90 ) of the building unit ( 30 ); and - an optical connector ( 42 ) at least one optical waveguide ( 60 ) for optional data communication between the at least one intelligent energy meter ( 20 ) and consumers ( 90 ) of the building unit ( 30 ) is provided; characterized in that - each intelligent energy meter ( 20 ) directly connected to the smart electricity distribution network ( 1 ), a central signal filter device ( 80 ), and / or - that at least one consumer ( 90 ) a decentralized signal filter device ( 81 ), wherein the respective signal filter device ( 80 . 81 ) manually and / or via the conductor ( 50 ) and / or the optical waveguide ( 60 ) is designed so activatable and de-activated that transmissions of data signals or data rates between this or the at least one intelligent energy meter ( 20 ) of the building unit ( 30 ) and consumers ( 90 ) of the building unit ( 30 ) over the conductors ( 50 ) with activation of the signal filter device ( 81 ) and with de-activation of the signal filtering device ( 81 ) are blocked. Communication cable network ( 10 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrical connector ( 41 ) of the conductor ( 50 ) and the optical connector ( 42 ) of the at least one optical waveguide ( 60 ) Part of a slot ( 40 ), which is designed as a double socket. Communication cable network ( 10 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the single (L / N / PE) or multi-phase (L ₁ / L ₂ / L ₃ / N / PE) conductor ( 50 ) and the at least one optical waveguide ( 60 Integral components of one and the same power cable ( 70 ) are. Communication cable network ( 10 ) according to claim 3, characterized in that each one in the power cable ( 70 ) integrated fiber optic cable ( 60 ) only one core ( 61 ) and a surrounding jacket ( 62 ). Communication cable network ( 10 ) according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that at least the current conductor ( 50 ), or preferably the current ( 50 ) and optical fibers ( 60 ) of a power cable ( 70 ) together, from a shield ( 71 ) are surrounded. Communication cable network ( 10 ) according to claim 5, characterized in that between the shields ( 71 ) surrounded conductors ( 50 . 60 ) a bare wire ( 72 ) is arranged. Communication cable network ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the with the at least one intelligent energy meter ( 20 ) of a building unit ( 30 ) connected conductors ( 50 ) in addition to the power supply of consumers ( 90 ) of the building unit ( 30 ) for transmitting low data rates up to <150kBit / s between the intelligent energy meter ( 20 ) of the building unit ( 30 ) and consumers ( 90 ) of the building unit ( 30 ) are designed. Communication cable network ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the with the at least one intelligent energy meter ( 20 ) of a building unit ( 30 ) connected optical waveguide ( 60 ) for transmitting high data rates of, for example, 1 Gbit / s between the intelligent energy meter ( 20 ) and consumers ( 90 ) of the building unit ( 30 ) are designed. Communication cable network ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one consumer ( 90 ) of a building unit ( 30 ) over the conductor ( 50 ) and / or the optical waveguide ( 60 ) can be activated and de-activated is formed. Communication cable network ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the optical fibers ( 60 ) with the at least one intelligent energy meter ( 20 consumers ( 90 ) an energy management device ( 99 ). Communication method in a communication cable network ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 10, in which optionally via the current conductors ( 50 ) and / or the optical fibers ( 60 ) of a building unit ( 30 ) Data signals or data rates between the at least one intelligent energy meter ( 20 ) of a building unit ( 30 ) and consumers ( 90 ) of the building unit ( 30 ) be transmitted. Communication method in a communication cable network ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 10, wherein at the same time via the current conductors ( 50 ) and the optical fibers ( 60 ) of a building unit ( 30 ) Data signals or data rates between the at least one intelligent energy meter ( 20 ) of a building unit ( 30 ) and consumers ( 90 ) of the building unit ( 30 ) be transmitted.

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