DE102013111967A1 - Refrigerant distributor for a hybrid or electric vehicle and refrigerant circuit with a refrigerant distributor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a refrigerant circuit of a hybrid or electric vehicle with a refrigerant distributor and a refrigerant distributor (10) having an inlet channel (12) which extends substantially rectilinearly along an inlet axis (E) and has a channel cross-section (QE), and at least two of Inlet duct (12) branching outlet ducts (14, 16) each extending substantially rectilinearly along an outlet axis (A1, A2) and having a channel cross-section (QA1, QA2), wherein the outlet axis (A1) of a first outlet channel (14) and the outlet axis (A2) of a second outlet channel (16) intersect at an intersection (S), and wherein the refrigerant distributor (10) has at least one of the following features: a) the channel cross-section (QA1) of the first outlet channel (14) is different Channel cross-section (QA2) of the second outlet channel (16), b) the intersection point (S) of the outlet axes (A1, A2) is from the inlet axis (E) laterally offset.

Description

The invention relates to a refrigerant distributor of a motor vehicle, having an inlet channel extending substantially rectilinearly along an inlet axis and having an inlet cross-section, at least two outlet channels branching from the inlet channel, each extending substantially rectilinearly along an outlet axis and having an outlet cross-section intersecting the outlet axis of a first outlet channel and the outlet axis of a second outlet channel at an intersection.

In addition, the invention also includes a refrigerant circuit of a hybrid or electric vehicle with a refrigerant distributor.

Refrigerant distributors for refrigerant circuits have been well known for many years from the prior art and are used in particular in air conditioning systems of motor vehicles.

For example, shows the US 3,745,787 a generic refrigerant distributor, which is arranged between an expansion valve and an evaporator of a vehicle air conditioning. A refrigerant of the air conditioner is usually in the range of the refrigerant distributor before as a liquid / gas mixture and is to be distributed as evenly as possible to individual strands of the evaporator by the refrigerant distributor, both with respect to the liquid phase and with respect to the gas phase. To achieve this, a baffle surface is provided at the inlet opening of the inlet channel, which provide for turbulence in the liquid / gas mixture and should accordingly ensure the most uniform possible distribution of the refrigerant to the outlet channels of the refrigerant distributor.

A particularly uniform distribution of refrigerant to the individual strands of the air conditioner evaporator provides advantageously for a high cooling capacity of the evaporator. However, certain unequal distributions may be compensated, for example, by heat conduction within the evaporator or by a suitable fresh air admixture, without major problems or technical disadvantages.

The cooling of high-performance batteries or batteries in hybrid or electric vehicles, however, represents much greater technical challenges for the refrigerant circuit in the motor vehicle.

In contrast to the interior climate of the vehicle cooling of the drive battery even at low ambient temperatures (to about -10 ° C) is necessary. Under such low ambient temperatures, the refrigerant in the region of the refrigerant distributor may be completely in its liquid phase, and the refrigerant circuit has only very small pressure differences on the order of about 1 bar between the high pressure region and the low pressure region.

Incidentally, the performance and life of the batteries or batteries is strongly dependent on temperature, so that a particularly reliable and homogeneous cooling to a constant temperature as possible is very important.

Furthermore, the drive battery of a hybrid or electric vehicle is often divided into several separate drive battery modules, each associated with an evaporator. Consequently, the individual evaporators are structurally separated from each other, so that a thermal compensation via heat conduction can not take place.

Accordingly, in refrigerant circuits of hybrid or electric vehicles not necessarily a uniform distribution, but an individually adjustable distribution of the refrigerant to parallel strands of the refrigerant circuit desirable and technically advantageous.

The object of the invention is to provide a refrigerant distributor in which the distribution of the refrigerant can be adapted with little effort to individual boundary conditions of a refrigerant circuit, as well as a refrigerant circuit for hybrid or electric vehicles, in which parallel-connected branch lines of the refrigerant circuit have a refrigerant distribution, which is low Can be adjusted individually.

• a) der Auslassquerschnitt des ersten Auslasskanals unterscheidet sich vom Auslassquerschnitt des zweiten Auslasskanals;
• b) der Schnittpunkt der Auslassachsen ist von der Einlassachse seitlich versetzt angeordnet.

This object is achieved by a refrigerant distributor of the aforementioned type, wherein the refrigerant distributor has at least one of the following features:

• a) the outlet cross section of the first outlet channel differs from the outlet cross section of the second outlet channel;
• b) the intersection of the outlet axes is laterally offset from the inlet axis.

By means of these simple geometric parameters of the refrigerant distributor, the refrigerant distribution can be adapted with little technical effort, wherein, for example, a mounting angle of the refrigerant distributor and / or different cooling power requirements in the individual parallel-connected branch lines can be taken into account.

Preferably, all of the outlet passages radiate radially from an axial end of the inlet passage. This creates a very compact Refrigerant distributor, which has a low space requirement. In particular, exactly two outlet channels are provided, so that the channels of the refrigerant distributor form a Y-shape.

The inlet cross section of the inlet channel preferably has an inlet diameter d _E , with 4 mm ≦ d _E ≦ 8 mm.

Furthermore, each outlet channel extends from a branching point to an outlet connection and preferably has a substantially constant channel cross section.

In one embodiment of the refrigerant distributor, the channel cross section Q _{A1 of} the first outlet channel differs from the channel cross section Q _{A2 of} the second outlet channel. By means of these different cross sections Q _A1 , Q _{A2 of} the exhaust ducts, different cooling power requirements of the connected branch lines can be taken into account with little technical outlay.

In particular, in this embodiment, a first cooling capacity P _K1 and the second outlet channel may have a second cooling capacity P _K2 different from the first cooling capacity P _K1 , wherein substantially: P _K1 / P _K2 = Q _A1 / Q _A2 . If the cooling power requirements in the individual branch lines are known, this proportional relationship allows a simple cross-sectional dimensioning of the outlet channels.

In a further embodiment of the refrigerant distributor, the intersection of the outlet axes is spaced apart from the inlet axis, that is to say offset laterally. This lateral offset leads to an asymmetrical refrigerant inflow of the outlet channels. In this way, undesirable gravitational effects that arise, for example, when the inlet axis in the installed state of the refrigerant manifold does not extend substantially vertically, can be easily compensated. Such, with respect to the vertical or gravity direction pivoted mounting of the refrigerant distributor may be necessary due to cramped space conditions.

The intersection of the outlet axes in this embodiment of the refrigerant distributor preferably has a distance x from the inlet axis, with 0 mm <x ≤ 2 mm.

Furthermore, the inlet channel may have a connection section that adjoins an inlet connection, and a branch section that adjoins the outlet channels, wherein the connection section defines a connection cross section with a connection axis and the branch section defines the channel cross section with the inlet axis narrowed relative to the connection cross section. The narrowed channel cross section with the inlet axis, to which the intersection of the outlet axes is arranged laterally offset, thus does not extend over the entire inlet channel, but only over the branch portion of the inlet channel. This results in a certain "Venturi effect" in the inlet channel, which further enhances the influence of the lateral distance of the point of intersection from the inlet axis to the refrigerant distribution.

The connection axis of the connection section can hereby extend through the intersection of the outlet axes. The channels of the refrigerant distributor are then aligned symmetrically with the exception of the branching section. In order to compensate for undesirable gravitational effects, only the branch portion of the intake passage is eccentrically arranged, so that the intersection of the exhaust axes is spaced from the inlet axis of the branch portion.

In this case, the branching section has an axial length L _V and a hydraulic diameter d _{hydr, V} , with the following preferably applying: 1 mm _≦ L _{V ≦} 3 d _{hydr, V.} The compensation of the gravitational effect by a mounting of the refrigerant distributor which is swiveled with respect to the vertical direction can be carried out particularly effectively by the lateral offset of the intersection point of the outlet axes from the inlet axis if the axial length of the branching section lies in the abovementioned range.

In a further embodiment of the refrigerant distributor, the inlet channel extends from an inlet connection to a branching point and has a substantially constant channel cross section.

In this embodiment, the inlet channel has an axial length L _E and a hydraulic diameter d _{hydr, E} , preferably d _{hydr, E} L _{E ≦} 10 d _{hydr, E.} Since an expansion valve of the refrigerant circuit is particularly preferably arranged immediately before the inlet channel of the refrigerant distributor, the axial length L _E corresponds approximately to a distance between the expansion valve and the branch point of the inlet channel.

The object set in the present invention is also achieved by a refrigerant circuit of a hybrid or electric vehicle, with at least two parallel evaporators for cooling drive battery modules of the vehicle, each having a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet, a refrigerant distributor having a branch point with an inlet channel and at least two Outlet channels forms, a refrigerant collector forming a branching point with a header outlet and at least two header passages, and at least two parallel branch lines each extending from an outlet passage of the refrigerant header to a header inlet of the refrigerant header, the evaporators being connected to an associated branch line, respectively At least one evaporator inlet and / or outlet side, a flow resistance, in particular a diaphragm or a throttle, is provided for adjusting the pressure drop in the associated branch line. By means of such a flow resistance, a different pressure drop in the individual branch lines, for example due to different branch line lengths, can be easily compensated, so that a desired cooling is established in all branch lines.

In a preferred embodiment of the refrigerant circuit, at least one evaporator is connected on the inlet and / or outlet side via an intermediate flange to the associated branch line, wherein the flow resistance is integrated into the intermediate flange. In this way, the number of individual components in the refrigerant circuit can be kept low.

The parallel-connected evaporators for cooling the drive battery modules are preferably separate evaporators, which are structurally separated from one another and, in particular, are thermally decoupled. By using a refrigerant distributor described above and / or at least one flow resistance at the evaporator, the refrigerant distribution in the refrigerant circuit can be adjusted so that the individual battery modules are cooled very precisely to a desired temperature level, for example, if no balancing heat conduction between the individual evaporators possible is.

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings. In these show:

1 a schematic longitudinal section through a first embodiment of a refrigerant distributor according to the invention in its mounting position;

2 a schematic longitudinal section through a second embodiment of a refrigerant distributor according to the invention in its mounting position;

3 a schematic longitudinal section through a third embodiment of a refrigerant distributor according to the invention in its mounting position; and

4 a schematic section of a refrigerant circuit according to the invention with a refrigerant distributor.

The 1 to 3 each show a schematic longitudinal section of a refrigerant distributor 10 a motor vehicle, in particular a hybrid or electric vehicle, with an inlet channel 12 which extends substantially rectilinearly along an inlet axis E and has a channel cross-section Q _E , and two from the inlet channel 12 branching outlet channels 14 . 16 each extending substantially rectilinearly along an outlet axis A ₁ , A ₂ and having a channel cross-section Q _A1 , Q _A2 , wherein the outlet axis A _{1 of} a first outlet channel 14 and the outlet axis A _{2 of} a second outlet channel 16 intersect at an intersection S.

In the illustrated embodiments are exactly two outlet channels 14 . 16 provided so that the channels 12 . 14 . 16 of the refrigerant distributor 10 form a Y-shape, wherein the outlet channels 14 . 16 essentially symmetrical with the inlet channel 12 are arranged and enclose an angle α with 30 ° ≤ α ≤ 100 °, in particular α ≈ 60 °. Between the outlet channels 14 . 16 is a baffle surface substantially perpendicular to the inlet axis E 17 provided so that the exhaust ducts 14 . 16 at the angle α not pointed towards each other. The baffle 17 on the one hand brings manufacturing advantages with it, but on the other hand also ensures additional turbulence of the refrigerant in the area of a branching point 18 and thus for a better controllable refrigerant distribution to the outlet channels 14 . 16 ,

In alternative embodiments, it is of course also conceivable that more than two outlet channels 14 . 16 are provided, for example, three outlet channels, in which case the outlet channels are arranged distributed substantially uniformly with respect to the inlet axis E in the circumferential direction.

At least two, preferably all outlet channels 14 . 16 branch radially from an axial end of the inlet channel 12 so that an extremely compact geometry of the refrigerant distributor 10 results. This axial end of the inlet channel 12 defines a branch point 18 , with each outlet channel 14 . 16 from the branching point 18 to an outlet port 20 . 22 extends and has a substantially constant channel cross-section Q _A1 , Q _A2 .

For the cooling of drive battery modules 24 (please refer 4 ) of hybrid or electric vehicles has a circular channel cross-section Q _{E of} the inlet channel 12 with an inlet diameter d _E of 4 mm ≦ d _E ≦ 8 mm has proven to be particularly advantageous.

The 1 shows the refrigerant distributor 10 according to a first embodiment, wherein the channel cross-section Q _{A1 of} the first outlet channel 14 from the channel cross-section Q _{A2 of} the second outlet channel 16 different. Via the channel cross sections Q _A1 , Q _A2 , in particular via the ratio of these channel cross sections Q _A1 , Q _A2 , cooling capacities P _K1 , P _K2 can be applied to the outlet channels with little effort 14 . 16 connected evaporator 26 . 28 (please refer 4 ) influence.

For example, the first outlet channel 14 a first cooling power P _K1 and the second exhaust duct 16 one of the first cooling power P _K1 different, second cooling power P _K2 assigned, wherein substantially applies: P _K1 / P _K2 = Q _A1 / Q _A2 .

The 2 shows the refrigerant distributor 10 according to a second embodiment, in which the intersection point S of the outlet axes A ₁ , A ₂ spaced from the inlet axis E, in particular arranged laterally offset. A lateral distance x of the point of intersection S from the inlet axis E lies in the range 0 mm <x ≦ 2 mm, in particular at x≈1 mm.

By this lateral offset can be compensated in a simple manner, a gravitational influence, which arises when the inlet axis E in the assembled state of the refrigerant distributor 10 by a mounting angle β with respect to the gravity or vertical direction 30 is pivoted. The refrigerant distributor is preferred 10 only at a mounting angle β> 10 ° with a lateral distance x executed, since the gravitational influence on the refrigerant distribution at mounting angles β <10 ° is usually negligible.

According to 1 is the refrigerant distributor 10 fastened in the illustrated mounting state to the vehicle so that the inlet axis E substantially in the vertical direction 30 extends, so that no lateral offset between the intersection S of the exhaust axes A ₁ , A ₂ and the inlet axis E is necessary and all outlet axes A ₁ , A ₂ intersect with the inlet axis E at the intersection S.

Must the refrigerant distributor 10 relative to this preferred, vertical mounting position according to 1 in a mounting position according to 2 be pivoted, so would the second exhaust duct 16 in particular with respect to the liquid phase of the refrigerant due to gravitational effects are flowed through by a larger proportion of refrigerant than the first outlet channel 14 , To compensate for this gravitational effect is according to 2 the intersection point S of the outlet axes A ₁ , A _{2 is} laterally offset from the inlet axis E, the distance x at a mounting angle β ≈ 20 ° relative to the vertical direction 30 is in the order of x ≈ 1 mm.

According to 2 the inlet channel extends 12 from an inlet port 32 to the branching point 18 and has a substantially constant and preferably circular channel cross-section Q _E. The inlet channel 12 has, moreover, an axial length L _E and a hydraulic diameter d _{hydr, E} , where: d _{hydr, E ≦} L _{E ≦} 10 d _{hydr, E.}

As an expansion valve 34 in a refrigerant circuit 36 (please refer 4 ) of the hybrid or electric vehicle preferably directly at the inlet port 32 of the intake channel 12 or the refrigerant distributor 10 is arranged, the axial length L _E corresponds substantially to the distance between the expansion valve 34 and the branching point 18 ,

The 3 shows the refrigerant distributor 10 according to a third embodiment, which differs from the second embodiment according to 2 only differs in that the inlet duct 12 a connection section 38 which is connected to the inlet port 32 adjoins, and a branching section 40 to the outlet channels 14 . 16 adjacent, with the connecting section 38 a connection cross-section Q _E * with a connection axis E * and the branching section 40 the opposite to the connection cross-section Q _E * narrowed channel cross-section Q _{E defined} with the inlet axis E. In other words, that means the inlet duct 12 only over a part of its axial length L _{E has} a narrowed, preferably circular channel cross-section Q _E and the intersection S of the outlet axes A ₁ , A ₂ only in the region of this branching section 40 is laterally offset to the inlet axis E. The lateral distance x between the intersection S and the inlet axis E is also in this case preferably 0 mm <x ≦ 2 mm, in particular x ≈ 1 mm.

In the embodiment according to 3 the connection axis E * of the connection section extends 38 through the intersection S, so that only the inlet axis E of the branching section 40 is laterally offset from the intersection S.

The branching section 40 according to 3 an axial length L _V and a hydraulic diameter d _{hydr, V} on, where 1 mm _≦ L _{V ≦} 3 d _{hydr, V.}

Through this cross-sectional constriction immediately upstream of the branching point 18 results in a certain "Venturi effect", which is responsible for additional turbulence of the refrigerant in the branching point 18 provides. Compared with the second embodiment of the refrigerant distributor 10 according to 2 In this way, the influence of the lateral distance x on the refrigerant distribution increases, so that also gravitational effects at larger mounting angles β of the refrigerant distributor 10 can be easily compensated. For example, the lateral distance x at a mounting angle of β ≈ 30 ° in the order of x ≈ 1 mm.

The 4 shows a section of a refrigerant circuit 36 a hybrid or electric vehicle with two evaporators in parallel 26 . 28 for cooling drive battery modules 24 of the vehicle, each with a refrigerant inlet 42 and a refrigerant outlet 44 have, a refrigerant distributor 10 , in particular according to one of 1 to 3 who is a branching point 18 with an inlet channel 12 and at least two outlet channels 14 . 16 forms, a refrigerant collector 46 who is a branching point 48 with a collector outlet 50 and at least two collector inlets 52 . 54 forms, as well as two parallel branch lines 56 . 58 , each one of an outlet channel 14 . 16 of the refrigerant distributor 10 to a collector's inlet 52 . 54 of the refrigerant collector 46 extend.

The refrigerant circuit 36 may otherwise have a further evaporator (not shown) for the air conditioning of a vehicle interior. In this case, the refrigerant distributor 10 preceded by a branch piece, which distributes the refrigerant from a refrigerant main line to a line for indoor air conditioning and a parallel line for battery cooling, wherein the line for battery cooling via the refrigerant manifold 10 further branches into the branch lines 56 . 58 , The branch piece in the refrigerant main line can be a simple T-piece, a conventional refrigerant distributor or a refrigerant distributor 10 according to the 1 to 3 be.

The evaporators 26 . 28 are each to an associated branch line 56 . 58 connected, each evaporator 26 . 28 within a branch line 56 . 58 from several series-connected evaporator elements 60 can exist.

As in the 1 to 3 indicated is at least one of the evaporator 26 . 28 inlet and / or outlet side a flow resistance 62 for adjusting the pressure drop in the associated branch line 56 . 58 intended.

The flow resistance 62 is in particular a diaphragm with a fixed flow cross section or alternatively a throttle valve with a variable, in particular variable controllable flow cross section.

With different branch line lengths, the associated, different pressure drop in the branch lines can be 56 . 58 For example, compensate for that in the shorter branch line 56 . 58 a flow resistance 62 is provided.

According to the 1 to 3 are the evaporators 26 . 28 inlet side via an intermediate flange 64 to the associated branch lines 56 . 58 connected, the flow resistance 62 in the intermediate flange 64 is integrated.

Alternatively or additionally, the evaporator 26 . 28 of course also on the outlet side via an intermediate flange 66 (please refer 4 ) to the associated branch lines 56 . 58 be connected, the flow resistance 62 according to the intermediate flange 66 is integrated. By the integration of the flow resistance 62 in the intermediate flange 64 . 66 can the number of individual components in the refrigerant circuit 36 keep low.

The parallel-connected evaporator 26 . 28 for cooling the drive battery modules 24 are according to 4 separate evaporator 26 . 28 , which are structurally separated and thermally decoupled.

In hybrid or electric vehicles cooling of the drive battery for safe and reliable driving is necessary. The life and performance of the battery is strongly dependent on temperature, so that the most accurate possible cooling to a desired temperature level is advantageous.

The surface to be cooled of the drive battery is usually of the order of about 3 m ² , so that line lengths for the refrigerant may be on the order of about 5 m. The refrigerant circuit 36 This makes it very sluggish and through the expansion valve 34 no longer sufficiently controllable.

Therefore, instead of a long refrigerant line at least two parallel branch lines 56 . 58 provided with cable lengths of about 2 to 3 m. The cooling in the individual branches 56 . 58 is the mounting angle β of the refrigerant distributor 10 as well as the length of the branch lines 56 . 58 dependent. Furthermore, the cooling capacity P _K1 , P _K2 as exactly as possible to the number and / or the Cooling requirement of the respectively connected drive battery modules 24 be adjustable, so that on each drive battery module 24 sets the desired temperature.

The drive battery of hybrid or electric vehicles is usually in several drive battery modules for safety and space reasons 24 split, with each drive battery module 24 an evaporator 26 . 28 or an evaporator element 60 of the evaporator 26 . 28 assigned.

In the cutout of the refrigerant circuit 36 according to 4 are exemplary five evaporator elements 60 for cooling five drive battery modules 24 intended. To the first outlet channel 14 of the refrigerant distributor 10 is the branch line 56 with the evaporator 26 connected, the evaporator 26 three evaporator elements 60 includes. To the second outlet channel 16 of the refrigerant distributor 10 is over the branch line 58 the evaporator 28 connected, the evaporator 28 only from two evaporator elements 60 consists. Provided each drive battery module 24 the same cooling capacity required are in the branch lines 56 . 58 different cooling capacities P _K1 , P _K2 necessary. As already described above, these different cooling powers P _K1 , P _{K2 can be} particularly preferably achieved by different channel cross-sections Q _A1 , Q _{A2 of} the outlet channels 14 . 16 achieve (see 1 ).

In addition, the branch line lengths of the branch lines also differ 56 . 58 , so can the lower line resistance of the shorter branch line 56 . 58 particularly preferably by a flow resistance 62 in this shorter branch line 56 . 58 compensate (see 1 to 3 ).

If the refrigerant distributor 10 beyond, for example, for reasons of space, under a mounting angle of β ≥ 10 ° to the vertical direction 30 is installed, is the refrigerant distributor 10 particularly preferably formed so that the intersection S of the outlet axes A ₁ , A ₂ is arranged laterally offset from the inlet axis E (see 2 and 3 ).

The measures mentioned for setting different cooling capacities P _K1 , P _K2 , to compensate for different lengths of the branch lines 56 . 58 and / or to compensate for a mounting angle can be used individually or in any combination as needed.

This allows the cooling of the drive battery modules 24 to ensure a desired temperature level with a low tolerance band even if the parallel evaporators 26 . 28 structurally separated from each other and thermally decoupled, so that, for example, a temperature compensation via heat conduction is not possible.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• US 3745787 [0004]

Claims (15)

Refrigerant distributor of a motor vehicle, with an inlet channel ( 12 ) which extends substantially rectilinearly along an inlet axis (E) and has a channel cross-section (Q _E ) and at least two from the inlet channel ( _E ). 12 ) branching outlet channels ( 14 . 16 ), each extending substantially rectilinearly along an outlet axis (A ₁ , A ₂ ) and having a channel cross section (Q _A1 , Q _A2 ), wherein the outlet axis (A ₁ ) of a first outlet channel ( 14 ) and the outlet axis (A ₂ ) of a second outlet channel ( 16 ) at an intersection (S), characterized in that the refrigerant distributor ( 10 ) at least one of the following features: a) the channel cross-section (Q _A1 ) of the first outlet channel ( 14 ) differs from the channel cross-section (Q _A2 ) of the second outlet channel ( 16 ), b) the intersection point (S) of the outlet axes (A ₁ , A ₂ ) is laterally offset from the inlet axis (E). Refrigerant distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that all the outlet channels ( 14 . 16 ) radiating from an axial end of the inlet channel ( 12 ) branch off. Refrigerant distributor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the channel cross-section (Q _E ) of the inlet channel ( 12 ) has an inlet diameter (d _E ) with 4mm ≤ d _E ≤ 8mm. Refrigerant distributor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each outlet channel ( 14 . 16 ) from a branching point ( 18 ) to an outlet port ( 20 . 22 ) and has a substantially constant channel cross-section (Q _A1 , Q _A2 ). Refrigerant distributor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the channel cross-section (Q _A1 ) of the first outlet channel ( 14 ) from the channel cross-section (Q _A2 ) of the second outlet channel ( 16 ) is different. Refrigerant distributor according to claim 5, characterized in that the first outlet channel ( 14 ) a first cooling capacity (P _K1 ) and the second outlet channel ( 16 ) is associated with a second cooling power (P _K2 ) different from the first cooling power (P _K1 ), wherein substantially P _K1 / P _K2 = Q _A1 / Q _A2 . Refrigerant distributor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the point of intersection (S) of the outlet axes (A ₁ , A ₂ ) from the inlet axis (E) is laterally offset, in particular that the intersection (S) of the outlet axes (A ₁ , A ₂ ) from the inlet axis (E) laterally a distance (x), with 0 mm <x ≤ 2 mm. Refrigerant distributor according to claim 7, characterized in that the inlet channel ( 12 ) a connection section ( 38 ) connected to an inlet port ( 32 ) and a branching section ( 40 ) connected to the outlet channels ( 14 . 16 ), wherein the connecting section ( 38 ) has a connection cross-section (Q _E *) with a connection axis (E *) and the branching section ( 40 ) defined with respect to the connection cross-section (Q _E *) narrowed channel cross-section (Q _E ) with the inlet axis (E). Refrigerant distributor according to claim 8, characterized in that the connection axis (E *) extends through the intersection (S) of the outlet axes (A ₁ , A ₂ ). Refrigerant distributor according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the branching section ( 40 ) has an axial length (L _V ) and a hydraulic diameter (d _{hydr, V} ), where 1 mm _≦ L _{V ≦} 3 d _{hydr, V.} Refrigerant distributor according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the inlet channel ( 12 ) from an inlet port ( 32 ) to a branching point ( 18 ) and has a substantially constant channel cross-section (Q _E ). Refrigerant distributor according to claim 11, characterized in that the inlet channel ( 12 ) has an axial length (L _E ) and a hydraulic diameter (d _{hydr, E} ), where: d _{hydr, E} ≤ L _E ≤ 10 d _{hydr, E.} Refrigerant circuit of a hybrid or electric vehicle, with at least two parallel evaporators ( 26 . 28 ) for cooling drive battery modules ( 24 ) of the vehicle, each having a refrigerant inlet ( 42 ) and a refrigerant outlet ( 44 ), a refrigerant distributor ( 10 ), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, having a branch point ( 18 ) with an inlet channel ( 12 ) and at least two outlet channels ( 14 . 16 ), a refrigerant collector ( 46 ), which is a branch point ( 48 ) with a collector outlet ( 50 ) and at least two collector inlets ( 52 . 54 ), and at least two parallel branch lines ( 56 . 58 ), each extending from an outlet channel ( 14 . 16 ) of the refrigerant distributor ( 10 ) to a collector inlet ( 52 . 54 ) of the refrigerant collector ( 46 ), where the evaporators ( 26 . 28 ) each to an associated branch line ( 56 . 58 ) and at least one evaporator ( 26 . 28 ) inlet and / or outlet side a flow resistance ( 62 ) for adjusting the pressure drop in the associated branch line ( 56 . 58 ) is provided. Refrigerant circuit according to claim 13, characterized in that at least one evaporator ( 26 . 28 ) on the inlet and / or outlet side via an intermediate flange ( 64 ) to the associated branch line ( 56 . 58 ), wherein the flow resistance ( 62 ) in the intermediate flange ( 64 ) is integrated. Refrigerant circuit according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the parallel-connected evaporator ( 26 . 28 ) for cooling the drive battery modules ( 24 ) separate evaporators ( 26 . 28 ) are structurally separated from each other and in particular thermally decoupled.

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