DE102013016979A1 - rain shower - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device comprising a volume for receiving a fluid,
wherein the volume is enclosed by a lateral surface,
a) wherein a first part of the lateral surface is formed as a carrier element,
b) wherein a second part of the lateral surface is formed as a tissue,
i) the fabric being held by the carrier element,
ii) wherein the tissue includes a front surface and a back surface,
the front surface facing the volume,
the back surface being opposite the front surface,
iii) wherein a first state is ingestible by the tissue,
wherein the fabric in the first state is impermeable to the fluid,
iv) wherein a second state is ingestible by the tissue,
wherein the tissue in the second state is permeable to the fluid. The invention further relates to a shower head comprising a fabric; a device including a shower head and a mixer; and a shower, including a shower head.

Description

The invention relates to a device comprising a volume for receiving a fluid, a carrier element and a tissue; on a shower head, including a tissue; to a device including a shower head and a mixer; and a shower, including a shower head.

A common type of body cleansing is showering. For showering shower devices are usually used, which include a mixer tap, a water-conducting hose or a water-conducting pipe and a shower head. In the mixer tap, cold and hot water are mixed to water at a desired temperature. The water is guided in the water-conducting hose or in the water-conducting pipe in the shower head, which releases the water. The design of the water delivery essentially determines the showering experience. State-of-the-art shower heads emit the water into jets. EP 1 700 636 A2 discloses a shower head. DE 31 07 808 A1 discloses a self-cleaning shower head. The spray heads of the prior art have in common that the shower base includes a perforated plate as a support for valve elements. The valve elements include a membrane with slots or cuts. These showerheads of the prior art emit the shower water as water jets. Furthermore, in the prior art, particularly large-surface showerheads and / or spray heads designed in a specific shape are referred to as rain showers or rain shower heads ( US Pat. No. 5,874,793 5 ; US D578180 S1 ). Contrary to this name, such shower heads also emit the shower water at least predominantly as water jets.

The shower heads of the prior art contain at least the following disadvantages. The showerheads of the prior art provide a showering experience that is aesthetically and / or haptically very different from a natural rain shower. State-of-the-art showerheads produce aerosols that promote the proliferation and spread of germs. Shower heads of the prior art include valves or tube nozzles, which can germinate and in which deposits can form. Shower bases of showerheads of the prior art are complex and multi-part structure. Shower bases of shower heads of the prior art are not or only with great effort interchangeable.

In general, it is an object of the present invention to at least partially overcome a disadvantage arising from the prior art. An object of the invention is to supplement shower systems of the prior art. Another object of the invention is to provide a novel showering experience. Another object of the invention is to provide a showering experience that is aesthetically or haptically close to a natural shower of rain. Another object of the invention is to provide a shower picture which aesthetically approximates a natural rain shower. Another object of the invention is to provide a shower picture for a decorative use. Another object of the invention is to provide a low cost showerhead. Another object of the invention is to provide a simply constructed and / or inexpensive shower system. Another object of the invention is to provide a shower head with a simple shower base. Another object of the invention is to provide a shower head with a large shower surface. Another object of the invention is to provide a versatile and / or flexible implementable in a shower system shower head. Another object of the invention is to provide an aesthetic shower. Another object of the invention is to provide a flat shower head. Another object of the invention is to provide a showerhead which produces little or no aerosols during a shower. Another object of the invention is to provide a showerhead for hygienic showering. Another object of the invention is to provide a shower head, including an exchangeable with as few steps effervescent floor.

A contribution to the at least partial fulfillment of at least one of these tasks is provided by the independent claims. The dependent claims provide preferred embodiments that contribute to at least partially performing at least one of the tasks.

• a) wobei ein erster Teil der Mantelfläche als ein Trägerelement ausgebildet ist,
• b) wobei ein zweiter Teil der Mantelfläche als ein Gewebe ausgebildet ist,
• i) wobei das Gewebe durch das Trägerelement gehalten ist,
• ii) wobei das Gewebe eine Vorderfläche und eine Rückfläche beinhaltet, wobei die Vorderfläche dem Volumen zugewandt ist, wobei die Rückfläche der Vorderfläche gegenüber liegt,
• iii) wobei ein erster Zustand durch das Gewebe einnehmbar ist, wobei das Gewebe in dem ersten Zustand undurchlässig für das Fluid ist,
• iv) wobei ein zweiter Zustand durch das Gewebe einnehmbar ist, wobei das Gewebe in dem zweiten Zustand durchlässig für das Fluid ist.

A contribution to the fulfillment of at least one of the objects according to the invention is afforded by a device comprising a volume for receiving a fluid,
wherein the volume is enclosed by a lateral surface,

• a) wherein a first part of the lateral surface is formed as a carrier element,
• b) wherein a second part of the lateral surface is formed as a tissue,
• i) the fabric being held by the carrier element,
• ii) the fabric including a front surface and a back surface, the front surface facing the volume, the back surface facing the front surface,
• iii) wherein a first state is ingestible by the tissue, the tissue being impermeable to the fluid in the first state,
• iv) wherein a second state is ingestible by the tissue, wherein the tissue in the second state is permeable to the fluid.

A preferred fluid is a liquid or a gas. A preferred liquid includes water. A preferred pressure on the front surface of the fabric is a pressure of the fluid. A preferred pressure on the back surface of the fabric is air pressure.

In one embodiment of the invention, the web is at a difference of a pressure on the front surface and a pressure on the back surface of greater than 5 kPa, preferably greater than 10 kPa, more preferably greater than 15 kPa, more preferably greater than 20 kPa, even more preferably greater as 25 kPa, most preferably greater than 30 kPa in the second state.

In one embodiment of the invention, the tissue is at a difference of the pressure on the front surface and the pressure on the back surface of less than 200 kPa, preferably less than 150 kPa, more preferably less than 100 kPa, more preferably less than 100 kPa, more preferably less than 80 kPa, more preferably less than 60 kPa, more preferably less than 40 kPa, most preferably less than 30 kPa in the first state.

• a) eine Abstandsfunktion von entlang eines Schussfadens benachbarter Kettfaden des Gewebes, und
• b) eine Abstandsfunktion von entlang eines Kettfadens benachbarter Schussfäden des Gewebes,

wobei der Flächeninhalt einiger Poren in dem ersten Zustand des Gewebes kleiner ist als der Flächeninhalt der Poren in dem zweiten Zustand des Gewebes. Zwei Schussfäden sind entlang eines Kettfadens benachbart, wenn die zwei Schussfäden denselben Kettfaden kreuzen und zwischen den zwei Schussfäden kein weiterer Schussfaden verläuft. Zwei Kettfaden sind entlang eines Schussfadens benachbart, wenn die zwei Kettfaden denselben Schussfaden kreuzen und zwischen den zwei Kettfaden kein weiterer Kettfaden verläuft. Eine Abstandsfunktion benachbarter Kettfaden ist eine Funktion, welche den Abstand zwischen den benachbarten Kettfaden in Abhängigkeit einer Position auf einem der benachbarten Kettfaden bestimmt. Eine Abstandsfunktion benachbarter Schussfäden ist eine Funktion, welche den Abstand zwischen den benachbarten Schussfäden in Abhängigkeit einer Position auf einem der benachbarten Schussfäden bestimmt. Ein Abstand zwischen zwei Fäden ist die kürzeste Entfernung zwischen einer Position auf einem der zwei Fäden zu dem anderen der zwei Fäden.In one embodiment of the invention, the tissue includes pores, wherein an area of the pores is determined by

• a) a distance function of along a weft thread adjacent warp thread of the fabric, and
• b) a distance function of along a warp of adjacent weft threads of the fabric,

wherein the area of some pores in the first state of the tissue is smaller than the area of the pores in the second state of the tissue. Two weft yarns are adjacent along a warp when the two weft yarns cross the same warp yarn and there is no further weft yarn between the two weft yarns. Two warp yarns are adjacent along a weft yarn when the two warp yarns cross the same weft yarn and there is no other warp yarn between the two warp yarns. A pitch function of adjacent warp yarns is a function that determines the distance between the adjacent warp yarns depending on a position on one of the adjacent warp yarns. A distance function of adjacent weft threads is a function which determines the distance between the adjacent weft threads as a function of a position on one of the adjacent weft threads. A distance between two threads is the shortest distance between a position on one of the two threads to the other of the two threads.

In one embodiment according to the invention, fluid can be supplied to the volume through a further part of the lateral surface. Preferably, the volume of the fluid can be supplied by a feed. A preferred delivery is rigid or flexible or both. A preferred flexible feed is a hose. A preferred rigid feed is designed as a handle. Another preferred rigid feed is designed for attachment to a wall or ceiling or both.

In one embodiment of the invention, the tissue is hydrophobic. A fabric is hydrophobic when, upon wetting the fabric with water, a contact angle between the fabric and the water is greater than 80 °, preferably greater than 85 °, more preferably greater than 90 °, even more preferably greater than 95 °, most preferably greater than 100 ° and most preferably greater than 150 °. A particularly preferred tissue is made hydrophobic by plasma coating. A preferred plasma coating includes the steps of producing a plasma, introducing the tissue into the plasma, introducing monomers into the plasma. Another preferred plasma coating involves forming CF ₄ . A further preferred fabric is made hydrophobic by a polymer layer applied to a surface of the fabric. A preferred polymer layer has a thickness of less than 1 μm, preferably less than 0.5 μm, most preferably less than 0.2 μm. Another preferred polymer layer is colorless or odorless or both. Another preferred polymer layer is chemically bonded to the surface of the fabric.

In one embodiment of the invention, the fabric includes polyester. Preferably, the fabric includes 20 wt%, more preferably 30 wt%, more preferably 40 wt%, even more preferably 50 wt%, even more preferably 60 wt%, even more preferably 70 wt%, even more preferably 80 wt .-%, more preferably 90 wt .-%, most preferably 100 wt .-% polyester.

In one embodiment of the invention, the fluid is a liquid.

In one embodiment of the invention, the fluid includes water. Preferably, the fluid is water.

In one embodiment of the invention, the fabric is antimicrobially finished. The antimicrobially finished fabric of one selected from the group consisting of antibacterial, antifungal, disinfectant or a combination of at least two thereof is preferably. Preferably, the antimicrobialized fabric includes an antimicrobial substance or antimicrobial structure, or both. A preferred antimicrobial structure is surface structure or a nanostructure or both. A preferred structure includes one selected from the group consisting of silver titania, aluminum, or a combination of at least two thereof.

In one embodiment of the invention, the device includes one selected from the group consisting of a perfume, a dye, a conditioner, a cleanser, a lighting, a decorative element, or a combination of at least two thereof. A preferred cleaning agent is a means for cleaning a human body. A preferred lighting is a colored lighting. A preferred colored lighting involves illuminating with different colors. A preferred decorative element is a pattern or graphic or both. Preferably, the decorative element is included by the tissue.

In one embodiment of the invention, the device is a showerhead.

In one embodiment of the invention, a shower image of the shower head is drop-like. The effervescent image is the totality of the spatial shapes of the water body discharged from the shower head through the shower base and in the case at a fixed time. The shower image of the shower head is drop-like, when the vast majority of the water body discharged from the shower head through the shower base is drop-shaped.

A drop is a body of liquid whose shape is predominantly determined by an interfacial tension. An ideal drop is spherical. Typically, the shape of a drop differs from the spherical shape by the action of air resistance on the droplet. A preferred drop-like effervescent image includes drops in free fall. An inventive shower head has a shower image, not including water jets. A water jet is a body of water whose longitudinal extent in a first spatial direction is at least 3 times, preferably at least 5 times, most preferably at least 10 times as large as in each spatial direction perpendicular to the first spatial direction.

In one embodiment of the invention, the showerhead includes a shower surface of at least 80 cm ² , preferably at least 150 cm ² , more preferably at least 300 cm ² , most preferably at least 600 cm ² . The shower surface is an area of the shower tray, whereby water can be dispensed through this surface through the shower head.

A contribution to the fulfillment of at least one of the objects according to the invention is provided by a device comprising a shower head according to the invention, wherein the shower head is water-conducting connected to a mixing device for mixing water of at least two different temperatures. In a preferred device, the shower head is connected via a water supply water-conducting with the mixing device. A preferred water supply is rigid or flexible or both. A preferred rigid water supply is a water pipe. A preferred flexible water supply is a hose. A preferred tube is a shower hose. A preferred mixing device is a mixer. Another preferred mixing device includes one selected from the group consisting of a fitting, a faucet, a valve, a thermostat, a rotary handle, a handwheel, a single-lever mixer or a combination of at least two thereof.

A contribution to the fulfillment of at least one of the objects according to the invention is afforded by a shower comprising a shower head according to the invention. A preferred shower is a shower for person showering. Another preferred shower includes a splash guard. A preferred splash guard is one selected from the group consisting of a shower curtain, a shower curtain, a door, a shower scroll, a shower scroll or a combination of at least two thereof. A preferred door is a sliding door or a hinged door or both. Another preferred door includes glass or plastic glass, such as Plexiglas, or both. Another preferred shower is a shower, including a shower tray, or a walk-in shower or both. Another preferred shower includes a shower head not according to the invention. A preferred non-inventive showerhead includes a nozzle. A preferred nozzle includes a plastic.

In one embodiment of the invention, the shower includes a shower room, wherein the shower room is bounded above by a ceiling, the shower head is at least partially embedded in the ceiling.

tissue

According to the invention, a fabric is a textile fabric comprising at least two groups of threads. A thread belongs to a thread group if the thread does not cross a thread of the thread group. Threads of a first thread group are called warp threads. Threads of another thread group are called weft threads. A preferred fabric is one selected from the group consisting of a monolayer fabric, a reinforced fabric, a pile fabric, a pile fabric, or a combination of at least two thereof.

A preferred fabric has a basis weight in a range of 20 to 200 g / m ² , preferably in a range of 40 to 190 g / m ² , more preferably in a range of 60 to 180 g / m ² , most preferably in a range of 120 to 160 g / m ² .

A preferred fabric includes natural fibers or man-made fibers or both. A preferred natural fiber is a plant fiber or a fiber of animal origin or both. A preferred plant fiber is one selected from the group consisting of cotton, linen, jute or a combination of at least two thereof. A particularly preferred plant fiber is cotton. A preferred fiber of animal origin is one selected from the group consisting of a wool, animal hair, a silk fiber or a combination of at least two thereof. A preferred chemical fiber is a fiber including a natural polymer or a fiber containing a synthetic polymer. A preferred fiber comprising a natural polymer is one selected from the group consisting of a cellulosic fiber, a gum fiber, a plant protein fiber, an animal protein fiber, or a combination of at least two thereof. A preferred cellulosic fiber is one selected from the group consisting of viscose, modal, lyocell, cupro, acetate, triacetate, cellulon, or a combination of at least two thereof. A preferred vegetable protein fiber is a soybean protein fiber. A preferred animal protein fiber is a casein wool. A preferred fiber comprising a synthetic polymer is one selected from the group consisting of a polycondensation fiber, a polymerization fiber, a polyaddition fiber, or a combination of at least two thereof. A preferred polycondensation fiber is a fiber comprising one selected from the group consisting of polyester, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyimide, polyamideimide, polyphenylene sulfide, aramid, or a combination of at least two thereof. A preferred polyester is diols or Trevita or both. A preferred polyamide is one selected from the group consisting of nylon, perlon, dederon, grilone or a combination of at least two thereof. A preferred polyamideimide is Kermel. A preferred polyphenylene sulfide is one selected from the group consisting of Procon, Torcon, Nexylene or a combination of at least two thereof. A preferred aramid is one selected from the group consisting of Kevlar, Nomex, Twaron, or a combination of at least two thereof. A preferred polymerization fiber is a fiber comprising one selected from the group consisting of polyacrylonitrile, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, or a combination of at least two thereof. A preferred polyacrylonitrile is Dralon or Orion or both. A preferred polytetrafluoroethylene is one selected from the group consisting of Teflon, Toyoflon, Profiles, Rastex or a combination of at least two thereof. A preferred polyethylene is Dyneema. A preferred polypropylene is polycolone. A preferred polyaddition fiber is a fiber including polyurethane. A preferred polyurethane is Lycra or Dorlastan or both. A particularly preferred manmade fiber includes polyester. A particularly preferred fabric includes manmade fibers. A most preferred fabric is 100% polyester.

A preferred type of weave weave is one selected from the group consisting of a plain weave, a body weave, an atlas weave, or a combination of at least two thereof. A preferred satin weave is a satin weave. A preferred satin weave is a striped satin weave or a multicolor satin weave or both.

An inventively preferred fabric does not include one selected from the group consisting of a slit, a cut, a perforation, a punch, or a combination of at least two thereof.

support element

A preferred carrier element is rigid. Another preferred carrier element includes a plastic or a metal or both. A preferred metal is one selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, aluminum, zinc, brass or a combination of at least two thereof. Another preferred carrier element is integrally formed or formed in several pieces or both. A preferred multi-piece support member includes a first support member piece and a second support member piece, the second support member piece holding the tissue. Preferably, the first carrier element piece is connected to the second carrier element piece by a thread. Another preferred Carrier element includes a fluid distributor. A preferred fluid distributor includes a baffle or porous material or both. A preferred impact body is formed as a baffle plate. A preferred baffle plate is designed as a sieve. A further preferred baffle plate is arranged in the carrier element so that a fluid supplied to the volume impinges on the baffle plate. A further preferred baffle plate is arranged in the carrier element such that a fluid supplied to the volume is reflected by the baffle plate. Another preferred baffle plate is disposed in an inlet direction of the fluid in the volume opposite to a feed in the carrier element.

Another preferred support member includes a gas admixture member, wherein the gas admixture member includes a gas to the fluid. A preferred gas admixture member is disposed in a feeder. A preferred gas addition component adds air to a liquid. Another preferred Gasbeimengungsbauteil uses a Venturi effect for gas admixture. A preferred gas addition component utilizing the venturi effect is a venturi or venturi or both.

shower head

An inventive shower head includes a shower body and an effervescent floor. According to the invention, the effervescent floor includes the tissue. A preferred effervescent base has a basis weight in a range of 50 to 1000 g / cm ² , preferably in a range of 100 to 200 g / cm ² , more preferably in a range of 140 to 160 g / cm ² . Another preferred effervescent floor does not include one selected from the group consisting of a valve, a slot, a cut, a nozzle, or a combination of at least two thereof. The shower body preferably contains the carrier element.

A preferred shower head includes a water supply. A preferred water supply is rigid or flexible or both. A preferred flexible water supply is a hose. A preferred tube is a shower hose. A preferred rigid water supply is a water pipe. Another preferred rigid water supply is designed as a handle. Another preferred rigid water supply is adapted for attachment to a wall or ceiling or both. Another preferred shower head includes a holding element. A preferred retaining element is a handle or fastener or both. Another preferred shower head includes the shower base so that the shower base can be removed by loosening as few connections as possible from the shower head. An even more preferred showerhead includes the shower tray so that the shower tray can be removed by releasing only one compound from the showerhead. A preferred compound is one selected from the group consisting of a screw connection, a plug connection, a clamp connection, material connection, such as adhesive or sealing compound, or a combination of at least two thereof.

A particularly preferred shower head includes the shower base so that the shower base can be replaced with another shower base according to the invention. Another preferred showerhead is adapted for attachment to a wall or ceiling or both. Another preferred showerhead has a longitudinal extension in a direction perpendicular to the shower tray of less than 10 cm, preferably less than 8 cm, more preferably less than 6 cm, even more preferably less than 3 cm, most preferably less than 1 cm.

MEASUREMENT METHODS

The following measurement methods were used in the invention. Unless otherwise stated, measurements were taken at an ambient temperature of 25 ° C, an ambient air pressure of 100 kPa (0.986 atm) and a relative humidity of 50%.

print

A range of a difference between a pressure on a front surface of a tissue and a pressure on a back surface of the tissue where the tissue is in a first state and a range of a difference between the pressure on the front surface of the tissue and the pressure on the tissue The back surface of the fabric where the fabric is in a second state is measured as follows. There is provided a first steel pipe. The first steel pipe is connected at one end via a flange to a water pipe. The inflow of water into the steel pipe can be controlled by a valve. The other tube end of the first steel tube includes an airtight and watertight flange connection to a tube end of a second steel tube. The other pipe end of the second steel pipe is open. In the flange connection between the first steel tube and the second steel tube, the tissue is clamped so that the tissue completely covers an opening area between the first steel tube and the second steel tube. For the pressure measurement, a PCE-910 differential pressure gauge was used by PCE Deutschland GmbH. For this purpose, a first silicone tube was connected at one end to a first measuring channel of the measuring device and the the other end of the silicone hose is watertightly connected to the first steel pipe via a connection. A second silicone tube was connected at one end to a second measuring channel of the meter and the other end of the silicone tube was passed through the open tube end into the second steel tube. The pressure on the back surface of the fabric is the ambient air pressure. The ambient air pressure was measured in the second steel tube. The pressure on the front surface of the fabric is the water pressure in the first steel pipe. Briefly opening the valve gradually supplies water to the first steel tube. As long as no water gets through the tissue into the second steel tube, the tissue is in the first state. When the water pressure in the first steel tube becomes large enough, the tissue becomes second state and water passes through the tissue into the second steel tube. The resulting difference between the pressure on the front surface of the tissue and the pressure on the back surface of the tissue is displayed by the meter. The measuring method is in 8th illustrated.

contact angle

The contact angle of water droplets on the tissue is defined by ideal Young's interfaces. It holds that γ _GL cosθ = γ _GS - γ _SL , where VGL is an ideal interfacial tension at a gas-liquid interface, γ _{GS is} an ideal interfacial tension at a gas-solid interface, and γ _{SL is} an ideal interfacial tension at a solid-liquid interface is. θ is the contact angle, which is determined by a tangent in the three-phase point (boundary point between solid-liquid-gas). Here the solid is the tissue, the liquid is distilled water and the gas is the surrounding air. In the context of the invention, he was dynamic contact angle of water droplets on the tissue measured by the volume change method. The measurement was carried out on a flat horizontal sample of the fabric measuring 50 mm × 50 mm. For the measurement, an automatic measuring device OCA 20 of the company Dataphysics, Filderstadt Germany was used. The evaluation took place with the help of the software SCA 20 (likewise company Dataphysics, Filderstadt Germany). For this purpose, water drops were recorded as videos during the volume change method and their drop contour was evaluated using the tangent method (approximation by conic section equation). The determination of a contact angle was always carried out by measurements on five drops of water, from these measurements, the mean value represents the contact angle to be determined. As part of the volume change method, drops with a volume of approximately 5 μl were first applied to the tissue sample, and then the drop volume was changed by 1 tenth of the pot volume applied to the tissue sample per second. Each measurement was taken within a period of less than one minute.

Area of pores

An area of pores of a fabric was as follows and in the 9a) and 9b) illustrated measured. An opening of a pressure chamber was completely covered with the tissue and the fabric waterproof on all sides. Into the interior of the pressure chamber, water was passed through a hose connected to a water pipe. The introduction of the water was controlled by a valve to produce a defined water pressure in the pressure chamber. The water pressure acted on a front surface of the fabric. A back surface of the tissue was observed with an optical microscope. The field of view of the microscope contained a length scale. Two warp yarns adjacent to each other along a weft were identified. Using the length scale, a distance to the other adjacent warp thread could be measured for a number of points along one of the two adjacent warp threads. Two weft yarns adjacent to each other along the two warps were identified. Using the length scale, a distance to the other adjacent weft thread could be measured for a number of points along one of the two adjacent weft threads. From the distances between sections of adjacent warp / weft threads, which span a pore, the area of the pore was determined. By regulating the introduction of water into the pressure chamber, the area of pores could be measured for various differences between the pressure on the front surface of the fabric and the pressure on the back surface of the fabric (ambient air pressure). Since the pressures on the front surface and the back surface of the fabric determine whether the fabric is in the first or the second state, the surface area of pores of the fabric in both states could be determined using the measurement method described here.

The invention will be further illustrated by way of examples and drawings, the examples and drawings not limiting the invention. Show it:

1a) a schematic cross-section of an embodiment of a device according to the invention in side view;

1b) a schematic representation of the device according to the invention in 1a) in sub-view;

2a) a schematic cross-section of another embodiment of a device according to the invention in side view;

2 B) a schematic representation of the device according to the invention in 2a) in sub-view;

3a) a schematic representation of a fabric according to the invention in the first state;

3b) a schematic representation of the tissue according to the invention in 3a) in the second state;

4 a schematic representation of an embodiment of another device according to the invention;

5 a schematic representation of another embodiment of another device according to the invention;

6 a schematic representation of an embodiment of a shower according to the invention;

7 a schematic representation of another embodiment of a shower according to the invention;

8th a schematic representation of a structure for a differential pressure measurement;

9a) a schematic representation of a structure for measuring an area of pores of a fabric;

9b) a schematic representation for measuring an area of pores of a fabric.

1a) shows a schematic cross section of an embodiment of a device according to the invention 100 in side view. The device 100 includes a volume 101 , The volume 101 has the shape of a part of an ellipsoid. The the volume 101 enclosing surface is a surface of the part of the ellipsoid. The volume 101 is a fluid 102 be fed through a part of the lateral surface. A first part of the lateral surface is as a carrier element 103 educated. A second part of the lateral surface is as a fabric 104 educated. The tissue 104 includes a front surface 105 and a back surface 106 where the front surface 105 the volume 101 is facing, with the back surface 106 the front surface 105 is opposite. The tissue 104 can assume a first state, wherein the tissue 104 in the first state impermeable to the fluid 102 is. Furthermore, this can be the tissue 104 occupy a second state, wherein the tissue 104 in the second state, permeable to the fluid 102 is.

1b) shows a schematic representation of the device according to the invention 100 in 1a) in lower view. You can see a part of the support element 103 as well as the tissue 104 , The tissue 104 has a circular base.

2a) shows a schematic cross section of an embodiment of a device according to the invention 100 in side view. The device 100 includes a volume 101 , The volume 101 has the shape of a cuboid. The the volume 101 enclosing lateral surface is a surface of the cuboid. The volume 101 is a fluid 102 be fed through a part of the lateral surface. A first part of the lateral surface is as a carrier element 103 educated. A second part of the lateral surface is as a fabric 104 educated. The tissue 104 includes a front surface 105 and a back surface 106 where the front surface 105 the volume 101 is facing, with the back surface 106 the front surface 105 is opposite. The tissue 104 can assume a first state, wherein the tissue 104 in the first state impermeable to the fluid 102 is. Furthermore, this can be the tissue 104 occupy a second state, wherein the tissue 104 in the second state, permeable to the fluid 102 is.

2 B) shows a schematic representation of the device according to the invention 100 in 2a) in lower view. You can see a part of the support element 103 as well as the tissue 104 , The tissue 104 has a square base.

3a) shows a schematic representation of a portion of the tissue 104 in 2 B) in the first state. The tissue 104 includes warp threads 302 and weft threads 303 , Furthermore, the tissue includes 104 pore 301 , An area of the pores 301 is determined by a distance function from along a weft thread 303 adjacent warp threads 302 of the tissue 104 , and a distance function from along a warp thread 302 adjacent weft threads 303 of the tissue 104 , The area of some pores 301 in the first state of the tissue 104 is smaller than the area of the pores 301 in the second state of the tissue 104 ,

3b) shows a schematic representation of the part of the tissue 104 in 3a) in the second state. The area of some pores 301 in the second state of the tissue 104 is greater than the area of the pores 301 in the first state of the tissue 104 ,

4 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of another device according to the invention 400 , The device 400 including a shower head according to the invention 401 , where the shower head 401 water-conducting with a mixing device 403 , here a mixer tap 403 , is connected to a mixing of water of at least two different temperatures. The shower head 410 includes a fabric according to the invention 104 as under the 3a) and 3b) described. Furthermore, the shower head includes 401 a rigid water supply, designed as a handle 406 , The shower head 401 is here through a shower hose 402 water-conducting with the mixer tap 403 connected. The mixer tap 403 includes a faucet 404 , two rotary handles 405 and a thermostat.

5 shows a schematic representation of another embodiment of another device according to the invention 400 , The device 400 including a shower head according to the invention 401 , where the shower head 401 water-conducting with a mixing device 403 , here a mixer tap 403 , is connected to a mixing of water of at least two different temperatures. Furthermore, the device includes 400 a shower head not according to the invention 501 , The shower head not according to the invention includes a shower base, comprising a nozzle made of a plastic. The shower head 410 includes a fabric according to the invention 104 as under the 3a) and 3b) described. Furthermore, the shower head includes 401 a rigid water supply, wherein the rigid water supply is formed as a water pipe 502 , The shower head 401 is here through a shower hose 402 and the water pipe 502 water-conducting with the mixer tap 403 connected. The mixer tap 403 is designed as a single lever mixer. The mixer tap 403 includes a faucet 404 ,

6 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a shower according to the invention 600 , The shower 600 including a shower head according to the invention 401 , The shower head 410 includes a fabric according to the invention 104 as under the 3a) and 3b) described. Furthermore, the shower head includes 401 a rigid water supply, wherein the rigid water supply is formed as a water pipe 502 where the water pipe 502 is designed to be attached to a wall. The shower 600 also includes a splash guard 602 , here designed as a shower curtain 602 , and a shower tray 603 , A shower picture 601 of the shower head 401 is drop-like.

7 shows a schematic representation of another embodiment of a shower according to the invention 600 , The shower 600 including a shower head according to the invention 401 , The shower head 410 includes a fabric according to the invention 104 as under the 3a) and 3b) described. The shower 600 also includes a shower room 701 where the shower room 701 upwards through a room ceiling 702 is limited, with the shower head 401 in the ceiling 702 is admitted. The shower 600 also includes a splash guard 602 , here designed as a hinged door 602 , A shower picture 601 of the shower head 401 is drop-like.

8th shows a schematic representation of a structure 800 for measuring a difference between a pressure on a front surface 105 a tissue 105 and a pressure on a back surface 106 a tissue. A first steel pipe 810 is at one end to a water pipe 802 connected. An inflow of water from the aqueduct 802 in the first steel pipe 801 will be over a valve 803 regulated. The other end of the first steel pipe 801 is via a flange connection 704 waterproof and airtight with a second steel tube 805 connected. In the flange connection 804 is the tissue 104 so sandwiched that the front surface 105 into the interior of the first steel pipe 801 points and the back surface 106 into the interior of the second steel tube 805 has. The tissue covers the opening area between the interior of the first steel tube 801 and the interior of the second steel pipe 805 Completely. The other end of the second steel pipe 805 is open. For a pressure measurement is a differential pressure gauge 806 used. A first measuring channel 808 of the differential pressure gauge 806 is over a first silicone tube 807 and a connection 809 connected watertight to the first steel pipe. A second silicone tube 810 is with a second measuring channel 811 of the differential pressure gauge 806 connected. The other end of the second silicone tube is guided into the open end of the second steel tube.

9a) shows a schematic representation of a structure 900 to a measurement of an area of pores 301 a tissue 104 , An opening of a pressure chamber 901 was with the tissue 104 waterproof covered. This shows a front surface 105 of the tissue 104 into an interior of the pressure chamber 901 , A back surface 106 of the tissue 104 is facing an environment. The pressure chamber 901 is water-conducting over a water hose 902 connected to a water pipe. Introducing water through the water hose 902 in the pressure chamber 901 can have a valve 904 be managed. The back surface of the fabric 104 can with a microscope 903 to be viewed as.

9b) shows a schematic representation for measuring a surface area of a pore 301 of the tissue 104 in 9a) , Shown are two adjacent warp threads 905 , The warp thread 905 are along the weft threads 906 adjacent. The weft threads 906 are two adjacent weft threads 906 , The weft threads 906 are along the warp thread 905 adjacent. A distance measurement between the adjacent warp threads 905 done by choosing a position on one of the warp thread 905 , The distance 908 to the other warp thread 905 is the shortest distance from the selected position to the other warp thread 905 , A distance measurement between the adjacent weft threads 906 done by selecting a position on one of the weft threads 906 , The distance 907 to the other weft 906 is the shortest distance from the selected position to the other weft 906 , Measured as many distances 907 and 908 within the area of the pore 301 , From the distances 907 and 908 becomes the area of the pore 301 certainly.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100

inventive device

101

volume

102

fluid

103

support element

104

tissue

105

front surface

106

rear surface

107

further part of the lateral surface

301

pore

302

warp

303

weft

400

inventive device

401

Shower head according to the invention

402

shower hose

403

mixing device

404

water tap

405

rotary handle

406

Water supply, designed as a handle

501

Shower head not according to the invention

502

water pipe

600

shower according to the invention

601

drop-like shower picture

602

splash protection

603

shower tray

701

shower room

702

ceiling

800

Structure for differential pressure measurement

801

first steel pipe

802

water pipe

803

Valve

804

flange

805

second steel pipe

806

Differential

807

first silicone tube

808

first measuring channel

809

connection

810

second silicone tube

811

second measuring channel

900

Structure for measuring a surface area

901

pressure chamber

902

water hose

903

microscope

904

Valve

905

adjacent warp threads

906

adjacent weft threads

907

Distance between adjacent weft threads

908

Distance between adjacent warp threads

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 1700636 A2 [0002]
• DE 3107808 A1 [0002]
• US 5847935 [0002]
• US 578180 S1 [0002]

Claims (17)

A device ( 100 ), containing a volume ( 101 ) for receiving a fluid ( 102 ), where the volume ( 101 ) is enclosed by a lateral surface, a) wherein a first part of the lateral surface as a carrier element ( 103 b) wherein a second part of the lateral surface as a tissue ( 104 ) i) wherein the tissue ( 104 ) by the carrier element ( 103 ii) where the tissue ( 104 ) a front surface ( 105 ) and a back surface ( 106 ), wherein the front surface ( 105 ) the volume ( 101 ), the rear surface ( 106 ) of the front surface ( 105 iii) whereby a first state through the tissue ( 104 ) is ingestible, wherein the tissue ( 104 ) in the first state impermeable to the fluid ( 102 iv) with a second state through the tissue ( 104 ) is ingestible, wherein the tissue ( 104 ) in the second state permeable to the fluid ( 102 ). The device ( 100 ) according to claim 1, wherein the tissue ( 104 ) at a difference from a pressure on the front surface ( 105 ) and a pressure on the back surface ( 106 ) of greater than 5 kPa in the second state. The device ( 100 ) according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the tissue ( 104 ) at a difference from the pressure on the front surface ( 105 ) and the pressure on the back surface ( 106 ) of less than 200 kPa in the first state. The device ( 100 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the tissue has pores ( 301 ), wherein an area of the pores ( 301 ) is determined by a) a distance function of along a weft thread ( 303 ) of adjacent warp threads ( 302 ) of the tissue ( 104 ), and b) a distance function from along a warp thread ( 302 ) of adjacent weft threads ( 303 ) of the tissue ( 104 ), where the surface area of some pores ( 301 ) in the first state of the tissue ( 104 ) is smaller than the area of the pores ( 301 ) in the second state of the tissue ( 104 ). The device ( 100 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the volume ( 101 ) by another part ( 107 ) of the lateral surface fluid ( 102 ) can be fed. The device ( 100 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the tissue ( 104 ) is hydrophobic. The device ( 100 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the tissue ( 104 ) Polyester. The device ( 100 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fluid ( 102 ) is a liquid. The device ( 100 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fluid ( 102 ) Contains water. The device ( 100 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the tissue ( 104 ) is antimicrobially equipped. The device ( 100 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the device ( 100 ) one of the group consisting of a fragrance, a dye, a care agent, a cleaning agent, a lighting, a decorative element or a combination of at least two thereof. The device ( 100 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the device ( 100 ) a shower head ( 401 ). The shower head ( 401 ) according to claim 12, wherein a shower image ( 601 ) of the shower head ( 401 ) is drop-like. The shower head ( 401 ) according to one of claims 12 or 13, wherein the shower head ( 401 ) includes a shower surface of at least 80 cm. A device ( 400 ), including the shower head ( 401 ) according to one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the shower head ( 401 ) water-conducting with a mixing device ( 403 ) is connected to a mixing of water at least two different temperatures. A shower ( 600 ) including a shower head ( 401 ) according to any one of claims 12 to 15. The shower ( 600 ) according to claim 16, wherein the shower ( 600 ) a shower room ( 701 ), whereby the shower room ( 701 ) upwards through a ceiling ( 702 ) is limited, wherein the shower head ( 401 ) at least partially into the ceiling ( 702 ) is admitted.

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