DE102013008831B3 - Battery having a plurality of battery cells and method of manufacturing a battery - Google Patents
Battery having a plurality of battery cells and method of manufacturing a battery Download PDFInfo
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- DE102013008831B3 DE102013008831B3 DE102013008831.3A DE102013008831A DE102013008831B3 DE 102013008831 B3 DE102013008831 B3 DE 102013008831B3 DE 102013008831 A DE102013008831 A DE 102013008831A DE 102013008831 B3 DE102013008831 B3 DE 102013008831B3
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- plastic
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- battery cells
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/22—Spot welding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
- B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/114—Single butt joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
- H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1603—Laser beams characterised by the type of electromagnetic radiation
- B29C65/1612—Infrared [IR] radiation, e.g. by infrared lasers
- B29C65/1616—Near infrared radiation [NIR], e.g. by YAG lasers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
- B29C65/60—Riveting or staking
- B29C65/606—Riveting or staking the rivets being integral with one of the parts to be joined, i.e. staking
- B29C65/607—Riveting or staking the rivets being integral with one of the parts to be joined, i.e. staking the integral rivets being hollow
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
- B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
- B29C66/543—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles joining more than two hollow-preforms to form said hollow articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/733—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence
- B29C66/7332—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence at least one of the parts to be joined being coloured
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/733—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence
- B29C66/7332—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence at least one of the parts to be joined being coloured
- B29C66/73321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence at least one of the parts to be joined being coloured both parts to be joined being coloured
- B29C66/73322—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence at least one of the parts to be joined being coloured both parts to be joined being coloured both parts to be joined having a different colour
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
- B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
- B29L2031/7146—Battery-cases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/737—Articles provided with holes, e.g. grids, sieves
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Batterie mit einer Mehrzahl von Batteriezellen, welche einen Stapel bilden. Die Batterie umfasst zumindest ein die Batteriezellen in dem Stapel fixierendes und aus einem Metall gebildetes Fixierelement (20). Zwischen zwei benachbarten Batteriezellen ist ein jeweiliger Separator (24) angeordnet, welcher die benachbarten Batteriezellen elektrisch voneinander isoliert. Der jeweilige Separator (24) weist wenigstens ein aus einem Kunststoff gebildetes Befestigungselement (28) auf, welches in einer korrespondierenden, in dem zumindest einen Fixierelement (20) ausgebildeten Durchtrittsöffnung (34) angeordnet ist. An dem zumindest einen Fixierelement (20) ist im Bereich der wenigstens einen Durchtrittsöffnung (32) zumindest ein Kunststoffelement (34) angeordnet. Zum Festlegen des Befestigungselements (28) an dem Fixierelement (20) ist das Befestigungselement (28) mit dem Kunststoffelement (34) stoffschlüssig verbunden. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Fertigen einer Batterie.The invention relates to a battery having a plurality of battery cells which form a stack. The battery comprises at least one fixing element (20) which fixes the battery cells in the stack and is formed from a metal. A respective separator (24), which electrically isolates the adjacent battery cells from one another, is arranged between two adjacent battery cells. The respective separator (24) has at least one fastening element (28) formed from a plastic, which is arranged in a corresponding passage opening (34) formed in the at least one fixing element (20). At least one plastic element (34) is arranged on the at least one fixing element (20) in the region of the at least one passage opening (32). To fix the fastening element (28) on the fixing element (20), the fastening element (28) is connected to the plastic element (34) in a materially bonded manner. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a battery.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Batterie mit einer Mehrzahl von Batteriezellen, welche einen Stapel bilden. Die Batterie umfasst zumindest ein die Batteriezellen in dem Stapel fixierendes Fixierelement, welches aus einem Metall gebildet ist. Zwischen zwei benachbarten Batteriezellen ist ein jeweiliger Separator angeordnet, welcher die benachbarten Batteriezellen elektrisch voneinander isoliert. Der jeweilige Separator weist wenigstens ein aus einem Kunststoff gebildetes Befestigungselement auf. Das wenigstens eine Befestigungselement tritt durch eine korrespondierende, in dem zumindest einen Fixierelement ausgebildete Durchtrittsöffnung hindurch. Des Weiteren betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Fertigen einer solchen Batterie.The invention relates to a battery having a plurality of battery cells which form a stack. The battery comprises at least one fixing element which fixes the battery cells in the stack and which is formed from a metal. Between two adjacent battery cells, a respective separator is arranged, which electrically isolates the adjacent battery cells from each other. The respective separator has at least one fastening element formed from a plastic. The at least one fastening element passes through a corresponding passage opening formed in the at least one fixing element. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for manufacturing such a battery.
Batterien mit einer Mehrzahl von Batteriezellen kommen beispielsweise in Elektrofahrzeugen oder Hybridfahrzeugen zum Einsatz, wo sie als Energiespeicher für einen elektrischen Antrieb des Fahrzeugs dienen. Insbesondere bei der Verwendung im Fahrzeug ist man bestrebt, die Batterie zunehmend leistungsfähiger sowie im Hinblick auf den Bauraum optimiert auszulegen. Jedoch spielt auch die mechanische Belastbarkeit eine Rolle. Um diesen Anforderungen gerecht zu werden, werden die metallischen Fixierelemente der Batterie mit den aus Kunststoff gebildeten Befestigungselementen verbunden. So ist einerseits für eine elektrische Isolation gesorgt, und andererseits erhöht die Verwendung von metallischen Fixierelementen die Tragfähigkeit der Batterie.Batteries with a plurality of battery cells are used for example in electric vehicles or hybrid vehicles, where they serve as energy storage for an electric drive of the vehicle. In particular, when used in the vehicle, the aim is to design the battery increasingly powerful and optimized in terms of space. However, the mechanical load capacity also plays a role. In order to meet these requirements, the metallic fixing elements of the battery are connected to the fastening elements formed of plastic. Thus, on the one hand provided for electrical insulation, and on the other hand, the use of metallic fixing elements increases the carrying capacity of the battery.
Eine Batterie mit einer Mehrzahl von Batteriezellen, welche einen Stapel bilden, wobei zwischen den einzelnen Batteriezellen Separatoren aus Kunststoff angeordnet sind, ist in der
Zum Verbinden von Kunststoffen mit Metallen sind des Weiteren aus dem Stand der Technik unterschiedliche Verfahren bekannt. So beschreibt die
Des Weiteren beschreibt die
Die
Bei der Auswahl geeigneter Technologien für die Verbindung von Kunststoffen mit Metallen spielen die Anforderungen des Anwendungsfalls, der Temperatureintrag, die Prozesssicherheit und Fertigungszeiten eine wesentliche Rolle. Allen diesen Anforderungen gleichermaßen gerecht zu werden, stellt weiterhin eine Herausforderung dar.In the selection of suitable technologies for the connection of plastics to metals, the requirements of the application case, the temperature input, process reliability and production times play an essential role. Meeting all these requirements in equal measure continues to be a challenge.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, eine Batterie der eingangs genannten Art sowie ein Verfahren zum Fertigen einer solchen Batterie zu schaffen, welche besonders robust ist.Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a battery of the type mentioned above and a method for manufacturing such a battery, which is particularly robust.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Batterie mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 und durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 8 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen mit zweckmäßigen Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Patentansprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved by a battery having the features of patent claim 1 and by a method having the features of patent claim 8. Advantageous embodiments with expedient developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Batterie ist an dem zumindest einen Fixierelement durch Umspritzen des zumindest einen Fixierelements im Bereich der wenigstens einen Durchtrittsöffnung zumindest ein Kunststoffelement angeordnet. Dadurch fassen jeweilige Schenkel des zumindest einen Kunststoffelements das Fixierelement im Bereich der Durchtrittsöffnung zu beiden Seiten hin ein. Das zumindest eine Kunststoffelement ist stoffschlüssig mit dem wenigstens einen Befestigungselement verbunden. Durch das stoffschlüssige Verbinden des Befestigungselements mit dem Kunststoffelement wird ein spielfreier Verbund des Befestigungselements mit dem Fixierelement erzielt und so das wenigstens eine Befestigungselement an dem zumindest einen Fixierelement festgelegt. Dies ist vorteilhaft, da bei einer Anordnung der Batterie in einem Fahrzeug üblicherweise über eine Fahrzeugstruktur Kräfte in das Fixierelement eingetragen werden. Das Fixierelement gehört nämlich zur tragenden Struktur der Batterie, und diese tragende Struktur der Batterie ist ihrerseits Kraft übertragend mit der Fahrzeugstruktur gekoppelt.In the case of the battery according to the invention, at least one plastic element is arranged on the at least one fixing element by encapsulation of the at least one fixing element in the region of the at least one passage opening. As a result, respective legs of the at least one plastic element grip the fixing element in the region of the passage opening on both sides. The at least one plastic element is materially connected to the at least one fastening element. By the cohesive connection of the fastening element with the plastic element, a play-free composite of the fastening element is achieved with the fixing element and so set the at least one fastening element on the at least one fixing element. This is advantageous because in an arrangement of the battery in a vehicle Usually be entered via a vehicle structure forces in the fixing. Namely, the fixing member belongs to the supporting structure of the battery, and this supporting structure of the battery is in turn coupled to transmit power to the vehicle structure.
Durch die im Fahrbetrieb auftretenden Kräfte und Vibrationen kann es jedoch zu einer Relativbewegung zwischen den Separatoren und den Fixierelementen kommen, wenn die Befestigungselemente nicht spielfrei an dem Fixierelement befestigt sind. Dies ist für den Zusammenhalt der einzelnen Komponenten der Batterie ungünstig, und es kann möglicherweise Gefährdungen mit sich bringen. Wenn jedoch, wie vorliegend, über das Befestigungselement die Separatoren spielfrei an dem Fixierelement festgelegt sind, ist ein besonders robuster Verbund der Komponenten der Batterie geschaffen. Es sind so Relativbewegungen zwischen den Separatoren und dem zumindest einen Fixierelement wirksam unterbunden.Due to the forces and vibrations occurring during driving, however, a relative movement between the separators and the fixing elements can occur if the fastening elements are not secured to the fixing element without play. This is unfavorable for the cohesion of the individual components of the battery, and it may possibly pose hazards. However, if, as in the present case, the separators are fixed without play to the fixing element via the fastening element, a particularly robust composite of the components of the battery is created. Relative movements between the separators and the at least one fixing element are thus effectively prevented.
Zudem lässt sich die stoffschlüssige Verbindung zwischen dem Befestigungselement und dem Fixierelement prozesssicher und besonders rasch realisieren, so dass eine besonders einfache und in Bezug auf die Fertigungszeiten günstige Fertigung der Batterie gegeben ist.In addition, the cohesive connection between the fastening element and the fixing can be realized process-reliable and particularly quickly, so that a particularly simple and favorable in terms of manufacturing times manufacturing the battery is given.
Eine besonders innige Verbindung des Kunststoffelements mit dem Fixierelement im Bereich der Durchtrittsöffnung ist erreicht, weil gemäß der Erfindung das Kunststoffelement durch Umspritzen des Fixierelements im Bereich der Durchtrittsöffnung an dem Fixierelement angeordnet ist. Ein entsprechendes Hybridbauteil, welches durch Umspritzen der Durchtrittsöffnungen des metallischen Fixierelements mit Kunststoff gebildet ist, lässt sich zudem fertigungstechnisch besonders einfach bereitstellen.A particularly intimate connection of the plastic element with the fixing element in the region of the passage opening is achieved because, according to the invention, the plastic element is arranged by encapsulation of the fixing element in the region of the passage opening on the fixing element. A corresponding hybrid component, which is formed by encapsulation of the passage openings of the metallic fixing element with plastic, can also be provided in a particularly simple manufacturing technology.
Als vorteilhaft hat es sich gezeigt, wenn das zumindest eine Kunststoffelement mit dem wenigstens einen Befestigungselement durch Laserschweißen verbunden ist. Entsprechend ist zwischen dem Kunststoffelement und dem Befestigungselement eine Laserschweißnaht vorhanden. Eine solche Verbindung lässt sich einfach und präzise herstellen und führt zu einem besonders belastbaren Verbund zwischen dem Befestigungselement und dem Kunststoffelement.It has proven to be advantageous if the at least one plastic element is connected to the at least one fastening element by laser welding. Accordingly, a laser weld is present between the plastic element and the fastener. Such a connection can be produced easily and precisely and leads to a particularly strong bond between the fastening element and the plastic element.
Das zumindest eine Kunststoffelement ist bevorzugt aus einem für die Wellenlänge eines beim Laserschweißen eingesetzten Lasers durchlässigen Kunststoff gebildet und das wenigstens eine Befestigungselement aus einem die Energie des Lasers absorbierenden Kunststoff. Dann ist die Verbindungsstelle zwischen dem Kunststoffelement und dem Befestigungselement besonders gut mittels des Lasers erreichbar. Der Laserstrahl kann nämlich von der Seite des Kunststoffelements her in das Befestigungselement eingebracht werden.The at least one plastic element is preferably formed of a permeable to the wavelength of a laser used in laser welding plastic and the at least one fastener of a laser energy absorbing the plastic. Then the connection point between the plastic element and the fastening element is particularly well accessible by means of the laser. The laser beam can namely be introduced into the fastening element from the side of the plastic element.
Hierbei kann das Kunststoffelement aus, insbesondere unverstärktem, Polybutylenterephthalat (PBT) gebildet sein. Ein entsprechender Kunststoff ist beispielsweise unter der Bezeichnung Crastin® erhältlich. Dieser kann insbesondere weiß bzw. farblos sein.In this case, the plastic element may be formed from, in particular unreinforced, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). A corresponding plastic is obtainable for example under the name Crastin ®. This can be especially white or colorless.
Demgegenüber kann das Befestigungselement aus faserverstärktem, insbesondere glasfaserverstärktem PBT gebildet sein, beispielsweise aus unter der Bezeichnung Ultradur® erhältlichem Kunststoff mit einem Anteil an Glasfasern von 10%.In contrast, the fastening element may be formed of fiber-reinforced, in particular glass fiber-reinforced PBT, for example, from commercially available under the name ® Ultradur plastic with a glass fiber content of 10%.
Wird für das Befestigungselement ein schwarz gefärbter Kunststoff verwendet, so können unterschiedliche Laser eingesetzt werden, um sicherzustellen, dass das Befestigungselement die Energie des Lasers besonders weitgehend absorbiert. Beispielsweise kann ein Diodenlaser mit einer Wellenlänge von 808 nm oder 940 nm oder 980 nm zum Einsatz kommen. Es ist auch möglich, einen Nd:YAG-Laser mit einer Wellenlänge von 1064 nm einzusetzen oder einen Faserlaser mit Wellenlängen aus dem Bereich von 1060 bis 1100 nm. Falls das Befestigungselement eine andere Farbe als Schwarz aufweist, so kann die Wellenlänge des Lasers entsprechend der Einfärbung derart abgestimmt werden, dass die Energie des Lasers besonders weitgehend von dem Kunststoff absorbiert wird.If a black-colored plastic is used for the fastening element, different lasers can be used to ensure that the fastening element particularly largely absorbs the energy of the laser. For example, a diode laser with a wavelength of 808 nm or 940 nm or 980 nm can be used. It is also possible to use a Nd: YAG laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm or a fiber laser with wavelengths in the range of 1060 to 1100 nm. If the fastener has a different color than black, the wavelength of the laser can be adjusted according to the Coloring be tuned such that the energy of the laser is particularly largely absorbed by the plastic.
Als weiter vorteilhaft hat es sich gezeigt, wenn das wenigstens eine Befestigungselement stiftförmig ausgebildet ist, wobei ein Außenmaß des wenigstens einen Befestigungselements geringer ist als ein Innenmaß der mit dem Kunststoffelement versehenen Durchtrittsöffnung. Wenn nämlich zwischen dem Befestigungselement und der Durchtrittsöffnung ein gewisser Abstand vorliegt, so lässt sich das Fixierelement besonders einfach und insbesondere unter Berücksichtigung von Fertigungstoleranzen an dem Stapel der Batteriezellen anbringen, wobei die stiftförmigen Befestigungselemente in die Durchtrittsöffnungen eingeführt werden. Eine derartige Gestaltung des Befestigungselements erleichtert somit die Fertigung der Batterie.As a further advantage, it has been shown, if the at least one fastening element is pin-shaped, wherein an outer dimension of the at least one fastening element is less than an inner dimension of the provided with the plastic element passage opening. Namely, if there is a certain distance between the fastening element and the passage opening, then the fixing element can be attached to the stack of battery cells in a particularly simple manner and, in particular taking into account manufacturing tolerances, wherein the pin-shaped fastening elements are introduced into the passage openings. Such a design of the fastener thus facilitates the manufacture of the battery.
Von Vorteil ist es weiterhin, wenn das zumindest eine Kunststoffelement einen durch das zumindest eine Fixierelement gebildeten Rand der wenigstens einen Durchtrittsöffnung überdeckt und im Bereich der wenigstens einen Durchtrittsöffnung sowohl an einer dem Separator zugewandten Seite als auch an einer dem Separator abgewandten Seite des zumindest einen Fixierelements angeordnet ist. Dann umgreift nämlich das Kunststoffelement den Rand der Durchtrittsöffnung, und das Kunststoffelement ist besonders sicher an dem Fixierelement gehalten.It is furthermore advantageous if the at least one plastic element covers an edge of the at least one passage opening formed by the at least one fixing element and in the region of the at least one passage opening both on a side facing the separator and on a side of the at least one fixing element facing away from the separator is arranged. The plastic element then encompasses the edge of the passage opening, and the plastic element is held particularly securely on the fixing element.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist das zumindest eine Kunststoffelement einen die wenigstens eine Durchtrittsöffnung überdeckenden Teilbereich auf, und in diesem Teilbereich ist das Kunststoffelement stoffschlüssig mit dem wenigstens einen Befestigungselement verbunden. So lässt sich eine Anlage des Befestigungselements an dem Kunststoffelement in dem Teilbereich bereits vor dem stoffschlüssigen Verbinden realisieren. Zudem kann durch den Teilbereich hindurch beispielsweise ein Laserstrahl auf das Befestigungselement gerichtet werden, um für einen innigen Verbund des Befestigungselements mit dem Kunststoffelement zu sorgen. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the at least one plastic element has a partial area covering the at least one passage opening, and in this partial area the plastic element is connected in a material-locking manner to the at least one fastening element. Thus, a system of the fastening element can be realized on the plastic element in the sub-region already before the cohesive bonding. In addition, for example, a laser beam can be directed onto the fastening element through the partial region, in order to ensure an intimate bonding of the fastening element to the plastic element.
Besonders einfach lässt sich das wenigstens eine Befestigungselement bereitstellen, wenn es einstückig mit dem jeweiligen Separator ausgebildet ist.The at least one fastening element can be provided in a particularly simple manner if it is formed in one piece with the respective separator.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zum Fertigen einer Batterie wird eine Mehrzahl von Batteriezellen so angeordnet, dass sie einen Stapel bilden. Zwischen zwei benachbarten Batteriezellen wird ein jeweiliger Separator angeordnet, welcher die benachbarten Batteriezellen elektrisch voneinander isoliert. Die Batteriezellen werden in dem Stapel mit zumindest einem aus einem Metall gebildeten Fixierelement fixiert. Der jeweilige Separator weist hierfür wenigstens ein aus einem Kunststoff gebildetes Befestigungselement auf, welches durch eine korrespondierende, in dem zumindest einen Fixierelement ausgebildete Durchtrittsöffnung hindurchtritt. An dem zumindest einen Fixierelement wird durch Umspritzen des zumindest einen Fixierelements im Bereich der wenigstens einen Durchtrittsöffnung zumindest ein Kunststoffelement angeordnet, wodurch das zumindest eine Fixierelement im Bereich der Durchtrittsöffnung durch jeweilige Schenkel des zumindest einen Kunststoffelements zu beiden Seiten hin eingefasst wird. Das zumindest eine Kunststoffelement wird stoffschlüssig mit dem wenigstens einen Befestigungselement verbunden, wobei durch das stoffschlüssige Verbinden des wenigstens einen Befestigungselements mit dem zumindest einen Kunststoffelement ein spielfreier Verbund des wenigstens einen Befestigungselements mit dem zumindest einen Fixierelement erzielt wird. Dadurch wird das wenigstens eine Befestigungselement an dem zumindest einen Fixierelement festgelegt. Durch ein solches Verfahren lässt sich eine besonders robuste Batterie bereitstellen.In the method of manufacturing a battery of the present invention, a plurality of battery cells are arranged to form a stack. Between two adjacent battery cells, a respective separator is arranged, which electrically isolates the adjacent battery cells from each other. The battery cells are fixed in the stack with at least one fixing element formed of a metal. For this purpose, the respective separator has at least one fastening element formed from a plastic which passes through a corresponding through opening formed in the at least one fixing element. At least one plastic element is arranged on the at least one fixing element in the region of the at least one passage opening by encapsulation of the at least one fixing element, whereby the at least one fixing element is bordered on both sides in the region of the passage opening by respective legs of the at least one plastic element. The at least one plastic element is materially connected to the at least one fastening element, wherein a backlash-free bond of the at least one fastening element is achieved with the at least one fixing element by the cohesive bonding of the at least one fastening element with the at least one plastic element. As a result, the at least one fastening element is fixed to the at least one fixing element. Such a method makes it possible to provide a particularly robust battery.
Bevorzugt wird das Fixierelement bereits mit dem im Bereich der wenigstens einen Durchtrittsöffnung angeordneten Kunststoffelement, also als Hybridbauteil bereitgestellt, und anschließend wird das Kunststoffelement mit dem Befestigungselement beispielsweise durch Laserschweißen verbunden.Preferably, the fixing element is already provided with the arranged in the region of at least one passage opening plastic element, ie as a hybrid component, and then the plastic element is connected to the fastening element, for example by laser welding.
Die vorstehend in der Beschreibung genannten Merkmale und Merkmalskombinationen sowie die nachfolgend in der Figurenbeschreibung genannten und/oder in den Figuren alleine gezeigten Merkmale und Merkmalskombinationen sind nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar, ohne den Rahmen der Erfindung zu verlassen.The features and feature combinations mentioned above in the description as well as the features and feature combinations mentioned below in the description of the figures and / or shown alone in the figures can be used not only in the respectively specified combination but also in other combinations or in isolation, without the scope of To leave invention.
Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Ansprüchen, der nachfolgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsformen sowie anhand der Zeichnungen, in welchen funktionsgleiche Elemente mit identischen Bezugszeichen versehen sind. Dabei zeigen:Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the claims, the following description of preferred embodiments and with reference to the drawings, in which functionally identical elements are provided with identical reference numerals. Showing:
Eine in
Der Stapel
Bei der aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Batterie
Anhand von
Anhand von
Hierfür wird zunächst ein Hybridbauteil
Zudem umfasst das Kunststoffelement
Zudem weist das Kunststoffelement
Das Kunststoffelement
Die stoffschlüssige, durch das Laserschweißen bewirkte Verbindung des Kunststoffelements
Das Kunststoffelement
Damit sich die Hybridbauteile
Claims (8)
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CN113363647A (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2021-09-07 | 奥迪股份公司 | Battery device and motor vehicle with battery device |
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EP0160425A2 (en) * | 1984-04-25 | 1985-11-06 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | A process for joining different kinds of synthetic resins |
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