DE102012214368A1 - Battery system for propulsion system of motor car, has pyroelectric switches that are provided to close the discharge current path in response to crash signal caused by the mechanical jerk - Google Patents
Battery system for propulsion system of motor car, has pyroelectric switches that are provided to close the discharge current path in response to crash signal caused by the mechanical jerk Download PDFInfo
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- DE102012214368A1 DE102012214368A1 DE201210214368 DE102012214368A DE102012214368A1 DE 102012214368 A1 DE102012214368 A1 DE 102012214368A1 DE 201210214368 DE201210214368 DE 201210214368 DE 102012214368 A DE102012214368 A DE 102012214368A DE 102012214368 A1 DE102012214368 A1 DE 102012214368A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0007—Measures or means for preventing or attenuating collisions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0069—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/12—Recording operating variables ; Monitoring of operating variables
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/52—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by DC-motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
- B60L2240/14—Acceleration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/547—Voltage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/549—Current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Batteriesystem mit zumindest einer wenigstens einen Speicher elektrischer Energie aufweisenden Batterie, wobei der Speicher mit zwei Anschlusselementen ausgebildet ist, die elektrisch leitfähig mit Anschlusskontakten der Batterie verbunden sind, und mit einer Entladevorrichtung, die einen Entladestrompfad zum Leiten eines Entladestroms zwischen den Anschlusselementen und einen Entladeschalter zum Schließen des Entladestrompfades aufweist. Des Weiteren betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Batteriesystem, das mit einem Antriebssystem des Kraftfahrzeugs Energie versorgend verbunden ist. The present invention relates to a battery system comprising at least one battery having at least one accumulator of electrical energy, wherein the accumulator is formed with two connection elements, which are electrically conductively connected to terminal contacts of the battery, and with a discharge device, which has a discharge current path for conducting a discharge current between the two Having connecting elements and a discharge switch for closing the discharge current. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a motor vehicle with a battery system, which is connected to a drive system of the motor vehicle supplying energy.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Batteriesysteme und Kraftfahrzeuge der eingangs genannten Art sind allgemein bekannt. Zum Beispiel wird der Speicher elektrischer Energie über die Entladevorrichtung entladen, um Arbeiten am Batteriesystem durchführen zu können. Battery systems and motor vehicles of the type mentioned are well known. For example, the storage of electrical energy is discharged via the discharge device in order to be able to carry out work on the battery system.
Insbesondere beim Einsatz des Batteriesystems in Kraftfahrzeugen oder auch beim Transport des Batteriesystems zum Einsatzort, beispielsweise zu einer Windkraftanlage, die mit der elektrischen Energie des Batteriesystems zumindest zeitweise betreibbar ist, kann das Batteriesystem durch Unfälle, Stürze oder Ähnliches beschädigt werden. Eine solche Beschädigung kann zu Kurzschlüssen innerhalb des Batteriesystems und sogar innerhalb des Speichers elektrischer Energie führen. Infolge dieser Kurzschlüsse kann das Batteriesystem sofort nach dessen Beschädigung eine große Menge an thermischer Energie erzeugen, wodurch Brände entstehen können. Ferner kann die thermische Energie zu einem Druckanstieg innerhalb des Batteriesystems führen. Um eine Explosion des Energiesystems zu verhindern, weisen viele Batteriesysteme Druckventile auf, damit ein Überdruck abgeleitet werden kann. Dabei können jedoch giftige Stoffe aus dem Batteriesystem austreten und Gegenstände beschädigen oder gar Menschen verletzen. In particular, when using the battery system in motor vehicles or even when transporting the battery system to the place of use, for example, to a wind turbine that is at least temporarily operable with the electrical energy of the battery system, the battery system can be damaged by accidents, falls or the like. Such damage can lead to short circuits within the battery system and even within the store of electrical energy. As a result of these shorts, the battery system can generate a large amount of thermal energy immediately after its damage, which can cause fires. Furthermore, the thermal energy can lead to an increase in pressure within the battery system. To prevent an explosion of the energy system, many battery systems on pressure valves, so that an overpressure can be derived. However, toxic substances can escape from the battery system and damage objects or even injure people.
Die Beschädigung kann jedoch auch so ausfallen, dass sie nicht direkt zu den oben beschriebenen Ereignissen führt. Vielmehr können die Beschädigungen auch erst Stunden, Tage oder Wochen später zu den oben beschriebenen Ereignissen führen. Neben einer unfallbedingten Beschädigung können auch fertigungsbedingte Fehler, zum Beispiel metallische Verunreinigungen, zu den beschriebenen Ereignissen führen. Die Ereignisse werden dabei zum Beispiel durch Metallisierungsvorgänge innerhalb des Speichers elektrischer Energie herbeigeführt. However, the damage can also be such that it does not directly lead to the events described above. Rather, the damage can only hours, days or weeks later lead to the events described above. In addition to accident-related damage and production-related errors, such as metallic impurities, can lead to the events described. The events are thereby brought about, for example, by metallization processes within the storage of electrical energy.
Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention
Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Batteriesystem der eingangs genannten Art zur Verfügung gestellt, bei dem der Entladeschalter ausgebildet ist, in Abhängigkeit eines von einem mechanischen Ruck hervorgerufenen Unfallsignals in seinen geschlossenen Schaltzustand überzugehen. Des Weiteren wird erfindungsgemäß ein Kraftfahrzeug der eingangs genannten Art bereitgestellt, wobei das Batteriesystem ein erfindungsgemäßes Batteriesystem ist. According to the invention, a battery system of the aforementioned type is provided, in which the discharge switch is designed to transition into its closed switching state as a function of an accident signal caused by a mechanical jolt. Furthermore, according to the invention, a motor vehicle of the aforementioned type is provided, wherein the battery system is a battery system according to the invention.
Durch das automatische Schließen des Entladeschalters in Abhängigkeit des Unfallsignals kann der Speicher elektrischer Energie nach einem Unfall kontrolliert entladen werden, bevor im Laufe der Zeit entstehende Kurzschlüsse zu starker Erhitzung oder gar Explosion des Batteriesystems führen können. Wird der Speicher in Folge eines Unfalls von den Anschlusskontakten des Batteriesystems getrennt, so kann der Speicher elektrischer Energie trotzdem sicher entladen werden, da der Entladestrompfad direkt zwischen den Anschlusselementen des Speichers verläuft. Due to the automatic closing of the discharge switch as a function of the accident signal, the storage of electrical energy can be discharged in a controlled manner after an accident, before over time resulting short circuits can lead to excessive heating or explosion of the battery system. If the memory is disconnected as a result of an accident from the terminals of the battery system, so the memory of electrical energy can still be safely discharged because the Entladestrompfad runs directly between the connecting elements of the memory.
Die Erfindung kann durch verschiedene, jeweils für sich vorteilhafte, beliebig miteinander kombinierbare Ausgestaltungen weiter verbessert werden. Auf diese Ausgestaltungsformen und die mit ihnen verbundenen Vorteile ist im Folgenden eingangen. The invention can be further improved by various embodiments, each of which is advantageous in itself, and which can be combined with one another as desired. These embodiments and the advantages associated with them are incorporated below.
Gemäß einer ersten Ausgestaltungsform kann der Entladeschalter ein pyroelektrischer Schalter mit einem den Entladeschalter in seine geschlossene Schaltstellung überführenden Zündelement sein. Dem Zündelement kann das Unfallsignal oder ein vom Unfallsignal abhängendes Steuersignal zugeführt sein, und das Zündelement kann in Abhängigkeit des Unfallsignals zünden und somit ein Schaltelement des pyroelektischen Schalters in die geschlossen Schaltstellung überführen, um den Entladestrompfad zwischen den Anschlusselementen des Speichers zu schließen. Das Zündelement treibt das Schaltelement des Entladeschalters auch dann in die geschlossene Schaltstellung, wenn durch den Unfall Beschleunigungen entstehen, die der Bewegung des Schaltelementes in die geschlossene Schaltung entgegenwirken. In accordance with a first embodiment, the discharge switch can be a pyroelectric switch with an ignition element which converts the discharge switch into its closed switching position. The ignition element can be supplied with the accident signal or a control signal dependent on the accident signal, and the ignition element can ignite as a function of the accident signal and thus convert a switching element of the pyroelectric switch into the closed switching position to close the Entladestrompfad between the terminal elements of the memory. The ignition element also drives the switching element of the discharge switch into the closed switching position when accelerations occur due to the accident, which counteract the movement of the switching element into the closed circuit.
Der Entladeschalter kann ausgebildet sein, Entladeströme von beispielsweise 1000 A bei 100 V sicher und womöglich wiederholt zu schalten. Ferner kann der Entladeschalter mit einem Anzeigeelement ausgestaltet sein, das den geschlossenen Schaltzustand des Entladeschalters anzeigt. The discharge switch can be designed to safely and possibly repeatedly switch discharge currents of, for example, 1000 A at 100 V. Further, the discharge switch may be configured with a display element indicating the closed switching state of the discharge switch.
Der Entladeschalter kann ein monostabiler Schalter mit einer stabilen geschlossenen Schaltstellung sein. Ist der Entladeschalter einmal geschlossen, so wird der Speicher elektrischer Energie automatisch bis zu einem vordefinierten Niveau oder sogar vollständig entladen. Ein manuelles Öffnen des Entladeschalters, beispielsweise durch den Fahrzeugführer, ist nicht vorgesehen. Optional kann jedoch die Möglichkeit bestehen, dass der Entladeschalter durch einen Servicetechniker in seine geöffnete Schaltstellung zurückversetzt wird, nachdem der Speicher elektrischer Energie überprüft wurde. The discharge switch may be a monostable switch with a stable closed switch position. Once the discharge switch is closed, the memory of electrical energy automatically to a predefined level or even completely unloaded. A manual opening of the discharge switch, for example by the driver, is not provided. Optionally, however, it may be possible for the discharge switch to be returned to its open switching position by a service technician after the storage of electrical energy has been checked.
Der Entladeschalter kann ein Rastelement aufweisen, das den Entladeschalter in seiner geschlossenen Schaltstellung hält. Zum Beispiel kann das Rastelement am Schaltelement oder an einem Sicherungselement für das Schaltelement des Entladeschalters angeordnet sein. Eine mechanische Sicherung des Entladeschalters in seiner geschlossenen Schaltstellung funktioniert unabhängig von einer Energieversorgung des Entladeschalters und sichert somit die geschlossene Schaltstellung des Entladeschalters besonders zuverlässig. The discharge switch may have a latching element which holds the discharge switch in its closed switching position. For example, the locking element may be arranged on the switching element or on a securing element for the switching element of the discharge switch. A mechanical fuse of the discharge switch in its closed position works independently of a power supply of the discharge and thus ensures the closed switching position of the discharge particularly reliable.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform kann die Entladevorrichtung eine Signaleinrichtung aufweisen, wobei die Signaleinrichtung ausgebildet ist, ein für die geschlossene Schaltstellung des Entladeschalters repräsentatives Signal auszugeben. Das Signal kann zum Beispiel direkt nach der Beschädigung des Batteriesystems, also beispielsweise direkt nach dem Unfall, Fahrzeuginsassen oder Rettungskräfte darüber informieren, dass das Batteriesystem womöglich beschädigt ist und gerade zur Sicherung des Batteriesystems entladen wird. Durch das Signal über den Zustand des Batteriesystems informiert, können sich Personen vom Batteriesystem, zum Beispiel vom Kraftfahrzeug, entfernen und Rettungskräfte Maßnahmen zu ihrem Schutz und zum Schutz von Dritten treffen. According to a further advantageous embodiment, the discharge device may have a signal device, wherein the signal device is designed to output a signal representative of the closed switching position of the discharge switch. The signal can, for example, directly after the damage to the battery system, so for example, directly after the accident, vehicle occupants or rescue workers inform that the battery system may be damaged and is being discharged just to secure the battery system. Informed by the signal about the state of the battery system, persons can be removed from the battery system, for example from the motor vehicle, and rescue workers can take measures for their protection and for the protection of third parties.
Der Entladestrompfad kann einen mit dem Entladeschalter in Reihe geschalteten Entladewiderstand aufweisen, wobei mit dem Entladewiderstand die Anschlusselemente über den Entladeschalter elektrisch leitfähig miteinander verbindbar sind. Um eine Überlastung des womöglich beschädigten Batteriesystems zu vermeiden, kann dem Speicher elektrischer Energie lediglich der Entladestrom entnommen werden, wobei der Entladestrom kleiner oder gleich dem maximal aus dem Speicher entnehmbaren Betriebsstrom ist. Insbesondere kann der Entladewiderstand so gewählt sein, dass er Entladeströme von beispielsweise bis zu 1000 A bei 100 V leiten und entstehende Abwärme sicher abführen kann. The discharge current path can have a discharge resistor connected in series with the discharge switch, wherein the discharge elements allow the connection elements to be electrically conductively connected to one another via the discharge switch. In order to avoid overloading the possibly damaged battery system, only the discharge current can be taken from the storage of electrical energy, wherein the discharge current is less than or equal to the maximum operating current which can be removed from the storage. In particular, the discharge resistor can be selected so that it can conduct discharge currents of, for example, up to 1000 A at 100 V and reliably dissipate the resulting waste heat.
Je nach Batteriesystem kann der Entladewiderstand unterschiedlich ausgebildet sein. Insbesondere kann der Entladewiderstand den Entladestrom auf den maximal aus dem Speicher entnehmbaren Betriebsstrom oder geringer begrenzen. Beispielsweise kann der Entladewiderstand einen Widerstandswert aufweisen, der einem zulässigen Lastwiderstand des Speichers entspricht. Zum Beispiel kann der Entladewiderstand dem elektrischen Widerstand eines Elektromotors, etwa eines Antriebsmotors des Kraftfahrzeuges oder eines Stellmotors eines Flügels des Windrades, entsprechen. Depending on the battery system, the discharge resistor can be designed differently. In particular, the discharge resistor can limit the discharge current to the maximum operating current that can be removed from the memory or less. For example, the discharge resistor may have a resistance corresponding to an allowable load resistance of the memory. For example, the discharge resistor may correspond to the electrical resistance of an electric motor, such as a drive motor of the motor vehicle or a servomotor of a wing of the wind turbine.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform kann die Entladevorrichtung mit einer Steuerungseinrichtung zur Steuerung des Entladeschalters gekoppelt sein, wobei die Steuerungseinrichtung Steuersignal übertragend mit dem Entladeschalter verbunden ist. Das Steuersignal kann dem Unfallsignal dabei entsprechen oder in Abhängigkeit von diesem von der Steuerungseinrichtung bereitgestellt werden. Die Steuerungseinrichtung ist vorzugsweise in ein Batterie-Management-System des Batteriesystems integriert, um hierdurch die Komplexität des Batteriesystems zu verringern. Alternativ kann die Steuerungseinrichtung auch separat und insbesondere unabhängig vom Batterie-Management-System, beispielsweise im Airbag-Steuergerät, ausgebildet sein, um eine Übertragung von Fehlzuständen des Batterie-Management-Systems auf die Steuerungseinrichtung zu vermeiden. Hierdurch erhöht sich die Sicherheit des Batteriesystems weiter. According to a further advantageous embodiment, the discharge device can be coupled to a control device for controlling the discharge switch, wherein the control device control signal is connected to the discharging switch. The control signal may correspond to the accident signal or be provided in dependence thereon by the control device. The controller is preferably integrated with a battery management system of the battery system to thereby reduce the complexity of the battery system. Alternatively, the control device can also be designed separately and in particular independently of the battery management system, for example in the airbag control unit, in order to avoid a transmission of faulty states of the battery management system to the control device. This further increases the safety of the battery system.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform kann die Entladevorrichtung wenigstens einen Unfallsensor aufweisen, der ausgebildet ist, das Unfallsignal zu erzeugen und der Unfallsignal übertragend mit der Steuerungseinrichtung verbunden ist. Beispielsweise kann der Unfallsensor das Unfallsignal anhand eines auf den Unfallsensor einwirkenden Rucks oder anhand einer Beschleunigung oder Drehgeschwindigkeit beziehungsweise -rate des Unfallsensors erzeugen. According to a further advantageous embodiment, the unloading device may comprise at least one crash sensor, which is designed to generate the accident signal and the accident signal is transmitted to the control device transmitting. For example, the crash sensor may generate the crash signal based on a jerk applied to the crash sensor or on an acceleration or rotational speed of the crash sensor.
Der Unfallsensor kann Beschleunigungen oder Drehraten in beziehungsweise um wenigstens eine Raumrichtung und vorzugsweise in beziehungsweise um alle drei Raumrichtungen detektieren. Dabei kann der Unfallsensor zumindest einen Beschleunigungssensor und/oder einen Drehratensensor aufweisen. Vorzugsweise weist der Unfallsensor je Raumrichtung einen Beschleunigungssensor und/oder einen Drehratensensor auf. The crash sensor can detect accelerations or yaw rates in or around at least one spatial direction and preferably in or around all three spatial directions. In this case, the crash sensor can have at least one acceleration sensor and / or one yaw rate sensor. The accident sensor preferably has an acceleration sensor and / or a rotation rate sensor per spatial direction.
Der Unfallsensor kann ein separat ausgebildeter Unfallsensor sein, der in der Nähe des Batteriesystems oder am Batteriesystem, bevorzugt direkt am Speicher, angeordnet ist, um mechanische Auswirkungen auf den Speicher beziehungsweise auf das Batteriesystem direkt detektieren zu können. Um die Komplexität und die Materialkosten des Batteriesystems zu reduzieren, kann der Unfallsensor alternativ auch ein Sensor eines Airbags des Kraftfahrzeugs sein, anhand dessen Signal der Airbag ausgelöst wird. Die Steuerungseinrichtung kann also Teil einer Airbagsteuerung sein, sodass der Entladeschalter geschlossen wird, wenn der Airbag auslöst. Falls der Entladeschalter bei kleineren oder größeren Beschleunigungen oder Drehraten als ein Schalter zum Auslösen des Airbags geschlossen werden soll, kann die Steuerungseinrichtung entsprechend konfiguriert sein. The accident sensor may be a separately formed accident sensor which is arranged in the vicinity of the battery system or on the battery system, preferably directly on the memory, in order to be able to directly detect mechanical effects on the memory or on the battery system. In order to reduce the complexity and the material costs of the battery system, the accident sensor may alternatively be a sensor of an airbag of the motor vehicle, based on the signal of the airbag is triggered. The control device can thus be part of an airbag control, so that the discharge switch is closed when the airbag triggers. If the discharge switch is to be closed at a smaller or larger accelerations or yaw rates than a switch for triggering the airbag, the control device may be configured accordingly.
Der Speicher kann eine Batteriezelle, ein mindestens eine Batteriezelle umfassendes Batteriemodul oder eine wenigstens ein Batteriemodul aufweisende Batterieuntereinheit sein. Insbesondere die Ausbildung des Speichers als Batteriezelle erhöht die Sicherheit des Batteriesystems maximal, da die Batteriezelle als kleinster Speicher elektrischer Energie der Batterie, somit unabhängig von anderen Elementen des Batteriesystems, bei Bedarf entladen werden kann.The memory may be a battery cell, a battery module comprising at least one battery cell, or a battery subassembly having at least one battery module. In particular, the design of the memory as a battery cell increases the security of the battery system maximum, since the battery cell as the smallest memory of electrical energy of the battery, thus can be discharged independently of other elements of the battery system, if necessary.
Das Batteriesystem kann mehrere Speicher elektrischer Energie aufweisen, die miteinander in Reihe oder parallel verschaltet sind. Jeder der Speicher kann mit der Entladevorrichtung ausgestattet sein. The battery system may include a plurality of stores of electrical energy interconnected in series or in parallel. Each of the storages may be equipped with the unloading device.
Das Batteriesystem kann zumindest eine Batteriezelle auf Lithium-Ionen-Basis und vorzugsweise wenigstens eine Lithium-Ionen-Batteriezelle aufweisen. Die Lithium-Ionen-Batteriezellen können zu Modulen verschaltet und zusammengefasst sein.The battery system may comprise at least one lithium-ion-based battery cell and preferably at least one lithium-ion battery cell. The lithium-ion battery cells can be interconnected and combined into modules.
Zeichnungendrawings
Im Folgenden ist die Erfindung beispielhaft anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen mit Bezug auf die Zeichnungen erläutert. Die unterschiedlichen Merkmale der Ausführungsformen können dabei unabhängig voneinander kombiniert werden, wie es bei den einzelnen vorteilhaften Ausgestaltungen bereits dargelegt wurde. Es zeigen:The invention is explained below by way of example with reference to exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. The different features of the embodiments can be combined independently of each other, as has already been explained in the individual advantageous embodiments. Show it:
Ausführungsformen der ErfindungEmbodiments of the invention
Zunächst sind Aufbau und Funktion eines erfindungsgemäßen Batteriesystems mit Bezug auf das Ausführungsbeispiel der
Die Speicher
Jeder der beiden Speicher
Die Entladevorrichtung
Die Entladevorrichtung
Die Steuerungseinrichtung
Die Steuerungseinrichtung
Der Entladeschalter
Vom mit der Entladevorrichtung
Zum Betrieb der Steuerungseinrichtung
Claims (11)
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DE201210214368 DE102012214368A1 (en) | 2012-08-13 | 2012-08-13 | Battery system for propulsion system of motor car, has pyroelectric switches that are provided to close the discharge current path in response to crash signal caused by the mechanical jerk |
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DE201210214368 DE102012214368A1 (en) | 2012-08-13 | 2012-08-13 | Battery system for propulsion system of motor car, has pyroelectric switches that are provided to close the discharge current path in response to crash signal caused by the mechanical jerk |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017016793A1 (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2017-02-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Methods and systems for managing an electrical connection between a power regulating device and an energy storage device included in a vehicle |
DE102017211047A1 (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2019-01-03 | Lithium Energy and Power GmbH & Co. KG | Battery pack and method for operating a battery pack |
DE102018204382A1 (en) | 2018-03-22 | 2019-09-26 | Audi Ag | DC link capacitor for an electric motor driven vehicle |
-
2012
- 2012-08-13 DE DE201210214368 patent/DE102012214368A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017016793A1 (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2017-02-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Methods and systems for managing an electrical connection between a power regulating device and an energy storage device included in a vehicle |
US9969343B2 (en) | 2015-07-24 | 2018-05-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Methods and systems for managing an electrical connection between a power regulating device and an energy storage device included in a vehicle |
DE102017211047A1 (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2019-01-03 | Lithium Energy and Power GmbH & Co. KG | Battery pack and method for operating a battery pack |
DE102018204382A1 (en) | 2018-03-22 | 2019-09-26 | Audi Ag | DC link capacitor for an electric motor driven vehicle |
US11348736B2 (en) | 2018-03-22 | 2022-05-31 | Audi Ag | DC-link capacitor for a vehicle driven by an electric motor |
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