DE102012210479A1 - Lock nut, particularly for axial fastening of devices on shaft, has annular disk that is arranged on outer peripheral area, where casing is arranged on free edge of annular disk that is averted from outer peripheral area - Google Patents

Abstract

The lock nut (1) has a base body (2) having an inner and an outer peripheral areas (5) and two front areas, where a bore, which extends axially between both the peripheral areas, is divided into the bore sections by a slit (8a) extending from the inner to the outer peripheral areas. An annular disk (3) is arranged on the outer peripheral area and extends radial to outer peripheral area. A casing (4) is arranged on the free edge of the annular disk that is averted from the outer peripheral area. The casing borders the outer peripheral area with a radial distance.

Description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to a shaft nut, as used for example for the axial securing of components on a shaft

Shaft nuts are known from the prior art, which essentially have an inner and an outer peripheral surface and two end faces having base body. As a rule, the inner peripheral surface is provided with a thread. As can be appreciated, can be set axially with such shaft nuts applied to a shaft components by the shaft nut is screwed about on an external thread of a shaft, so that one of the end faces with the component to be secured in contact. Since it can not be ruled out that the shaft nut will loosen again in the course of operation, essentially two types of securing of such shaft nuts have prevailed in the prior art.

In one type of fuse is used with a so-called locking plate, which is formed substantially annular and which is arranged between the shaft nut and component. At the inner peripheral edge of these locking plates projections are formed, for example, cooperate with provided on the shaft grooves and exclude mutual rotation of locking plate and shaft when the locking plate is pushed onto the shaft. The outer peripheral edge of the locking plate is also provided with projections which are bent or engaged with provided on the shaft nut shoulders when the shaft nut has taken its final position on the shaft. Apart from the fact that with such locking plates only an angle-dependent clamping is possible, it is also considered in connection with the use of locking plates as disadvantageous that undergoes a weakening by cross-sectional reduction and notch effect by the introduction of a groove in the shaft.

In the other type of backup, which is also the subject of this application, the screwed shaft nut is braced. For this purpose, bores are provided in the shaft nut, which extend axially between the two peripheral surfaces of the shaft nut or its base body. These bores are subdivided from a slot running from one to the other peripheral surface into a first and a second bore section, wherein the second bore section is provided with a bore thread. If screws are now screwed into these holes, the shanks of the screws first pass through the first bore section and then engage in the bore thread. Then, the screws are tightened further, the space provided by the respective slot space is slightly reduced in the axial direction, which then slightly braced the thread of the shaft nut relative to the shaft thread and thus secures the shaft nut against rotation on the shaft.

Such a fuse, which is based on the bracing of the shaft nut and which also forms the closest prior art, is for example out DE 19912068 known.

If so-called wheelset bearings of rail vehicles are fixed axially on the shaft, as a rule shaft nuts are used, which are secured on the side facing away from the wheelset bearing by a so-called lock washer. If the shaft nut has reached its end position on the shaft, a lock washer is attached to the shaft and bolted to the stub shaft with the shaft. Thus, the screwed-on lock washer causes a Verstellweg that would be required to release the shaft nut is no longer provided.

If it is now to be ensured that the wheelset bearing is also protected against ingress of water and dirt, additional measures must be taken. As a rule, the connecting structure, in which the wheelset bearing is installed with its outer ring, provided with a lid which encapsulates the stub shaft. There are also versions that have no lid. In this case, a ring is provided, which is connected to the connecting structure. The sealing effect is achieved by overlapping the ring and the edge region of the lock washer while maintaining a small axial distance.

Apart from the fact that the axial fixing of wheelset is very expensive due to the large number of components used, it is also considered disadvantageous that additional special measures for sealing the bearing system must be taken.

Object of the invention

The invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a shaft nut, which on the one hand allows a simple axial fixing of rolling bearings and beyond at the same time also provides a contribution to the sealing of the axially fixed bearings.

Summary of the invention

This object is achieved with the features specified in claim 1.

Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are specified in claims 2 to 6.

Is provided according to claim 1 on the outer peripheral surface of the base body an annular disc which extends substantially radially to the outer peripheral surface, and is at the free, the outer peripheral surface facing edge of the annular disc a sleeve attached, which surrounds the outer peripheral surface with a radial distance A, a shaft nut is provided, which is suitable on the one hand, to fix a component axially on a shaft and beyond to provide a part of a labyrinth seal through the annular disc and the attached thereto sleeve. The required for a labyrinth seal, defined distances between the respective sealing surfaces are retained; if the slit (s) introduced into the main body subdivide it into a long and a short area relative to the direction of the axis of rotation and the circular disk is connected to the longer of the two areas.

The production, installation and storage are simplified if, according to claim 2, the main body, the annular disc and the sleeve are integrally connected.

It is particularly advantageous if, according to claim 3, the shaft nut is screwed onto a shaft and the shaft nut with one of its two faces an inner ring of a roller bearing sets axially, as in contrast to other components just rolling bearings have special requirements for the tightness of the bearing against environmental influences ,

A very effective and simple sealing system is given according to claim 4, when the rolling bearing comprises an outer ring which surrounds the inner ring concentrically and with which the rolling bearing is rotatably mounted in a connecting structure, and if an annular recess is provided, in the connecting structure or is introduced in an intermediate ring connected to the connecting structure and in which the sleeve of the shaft nut engages when it is screwed onto the shaft. Due to the complementary shape of puncture and the sleeve engaging in it, a labyrinth seal is provided which is sufficient to protect the rolling bearing, in particular against penetrating water.

The sealing effect is further improved if, according to claim 5, a further seal is inserted into the connecting structure or in the intermediate ring connected to the connecting structure, which is in touching contact with the outer peripheral surface of the main body of the shaft nut. For the sake of completeness, it should already be stated at this point that the term seal in connection with claim 5 includes both contacting seals made of an elastomer or of felt.

It is particularly advantageous if according to claim 6, the shaft nut according to the invention is used in connection with the axial fixing of wheelset bearings of rail vehicles, since in addition to the simplification in the construction increasingly water resistance of the wheelset, is required, for example, when driving through water.

Short description of the drawing

Show it:

1 a perspective of a wave mother;

2 a section through a shaft nut;

3 an installation situation for a shaft nut according to 2 ; and

4 a wheel bearing.

Detailed description of the drawing

The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. In the 1 in a perspective shown shaft nut 1 becomes essentially of a basic body 2 , a circular disk 3 and a sleeve 4 educated. As in this context 2 illustrating which is a section through a shaft nut 1 according to 1 shows, goes from the outer peripheral surface 5 of the basic body 2 a circular disk 3 out, which is essentially radial to the main body 2 extends. At the outer peripheral surface 5 opposite edge 7 the circular disk 3 closes the sleeve 4 on which the outer peripheral edge 5 bordered with radial distance A.

As shown in the illustration 1 is removable, is the main body 2 the shaft nut 1 with two slots 8a . 8b provided, which are arranged mirror-symmetrically to each other. Each of these slots 8a . 8b Penetrates the main body 2 from the outer peripheral surface 5 to the inner peripheral surface 9 without losing the two slots 8a . 8b the main body 2 completely sever. Through this incomplete transection of the body 2 stay two unslotted areas B stand, of which in 1 only one area B is visible.

Even if related to 2 the main body 2 , the circular disk 3 and the sleeve 4 is designed as integrally formed rotary member, it is at the discretion of the skilled person, by using appropriate connection steps a shaft nut 1 to produce from individual parts.

As 2 is further removed, is the main body 2 of holes 10 pervaded, of which in 2 but only two of these holes 10 are visible. Since - as already stated - the main body 2 with slits 8a . 8b is provided and these slots 8a . 8b in the area of the basic body 2 run, by drilling 10 is penetrated, each of these holes 10 from one of the slots 8a or 8b in a first bore section 11a and a second bore portion 11b divided. While the first bore sections 11a are executed smooth-walled, are the second bore sections 11b with bore threads 12 Mistake.

So the shaft nut 1 can fulfill their security function, this is on the inner peripheral surface 13 of the basic body 2 with a thread 14 provided and with this thread 14 on a on a wave 15 attached external thread 16 screwed.

The latter conditions are 3 shown closer. Also shows 3 that one end face 17a of the basic body 2 on the inner ring 18 one of inner ring 18 , Outer ring 19 , Cage 20 and rolling elements 21 formed rolling bearing 22 is applied and thus on the shaft 15 applied rolling bearings 22 axially fixed.

Has the shaft nut 1 their final position on the shaft 15 taken, is from the other end face 17b of the basic body 2 which are not on the inner ring 18 rests, a screw 23 in the first hole section 11a inserted and in the second bore section 11b existing bore threads 12 screwed. Come the screw 23 with increasing screwing in the hole winch 12 on train, the width A1 of the respective slot is due to this tensile force 8a or 8b slightly reduced, with the result that the shaft nut 1 in the threads of thread 14 and external thread 16 on the wave 15 is strained. This tension causes a rotational movement of the shaft nut 1 relative to the wave 15 is excluded.

Also is 3 removable, that the outer ring 19 of the rolling bearing 22 rotatably in a connecting construction 24 rests. To axial movements of the outer ring 19 within the connection structure 24 to exclude, is the connecting structure 24 with an intermediate ring 25 provided, whose axial shoulder 26 on the outer ring 19 of the rolling bearing 22 is applied. Furthermore, the intermediate ring 24 an L-shaped recess 27 on, with one leg 28a this puncture 27 extends substantially axially and the other leg 28b this puncture 27 has a radial extent.

Is the shaft nut 1 on the wave 15 mounted and by tightening the screws 23 secured against loosening, grab the sleeve 4 in the thigh 28a and the circular disk 3 in the thigh 28b one. Because the sleeve 4 , the circular disk 3 and also the outer peripheral surface 5 to the complementary mating surfaces of the intermediate ring 25 or the puncture 27 maintain a mutual distance, a labyrinth seal is formed by these distances designated AZ simultaneously.

To further improve the sealing effect of the labyrinth seal is in the area 29 of the intermediate ring 25 that of the outer peripheral surface 5 of the basic body 2 is facing, yet another seal 30 , used in the form of a felt ring. This seal 30 is designed as a contact seal, since the felt ring also on the outer peripheral surface 5 of the basic body 2 is applied.

Also revealed 3 that next to the labyrinth seal or along with another seal 30 no further action needs to be taken to put the between the rings 18 . 19 rolling rolling elements 21 to protect.

In the 3 greatly increased ratios are shown in 4 shown in a larger context. The representation according to 4 shows a double row rolling bearing 22 through which a wave 15 is guided. The outer rings 19 the two rolling bearings 22 are in a housing 31 arranged rotationally fixed. The inner rings 18 the two rolling bearings 22 are in the context of 3 explained way by means of the shaft nut 1 fixed axially and secured against loosening. Also in 4 become the two rolling bearings 22 sealed by a labyrinth seal, which by the interaction of sleeve 4 , Circular disk 3 , outer circulation area 5 and the complementary mating surfaces of the intermediate ring 25 is realized.

Only for the sake of completeness should be added that the in 4 shown unit as a so-called axlebox 32 is referred to, which is used primarily in rail vehicles, such as in the form of trams, locomotives or wagons.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

 shaft nut

2

 body

3

 Annular disk

4

 shell

5

 Peripheral surface, outer

6

7

 edge

8a, 8b

 slot

9

 Peripheral surface, inner

10

 drilling

11a, 11b

 first and second bore section

12

 hole thread

13

14

 thread

15

 wave

16

 external thread

17a, 17b

 faces

18

 inner ring

19

 outer ring

20

 Cage

21

 rolling elements

22

 roller bearing

23

 screw

24

 adjacent construction

25

 intermediate ring

26

 shoulder

27

 puncture

28a, 28b

 leg

29

 area

30

 poetry

31

 casing

32

 wheelset bearings

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 19912068 [0005]

Claims (6)

Shaft nut with one inner and one outer peripheral surface 5 . 9 and two end faces 17a . 17b having basic body 2 , wherein the inner peripheral surface 5 with a thread 14 is provided with at least one bore 10 which is substantially axial between the two peripheral surfaces 5 . 9 runs and from one of the inner to the outer peripheral surface 5 . 9 running slot 8a . 8b in a first and second bore sections 11a . 11b is divided, wherein the second bore section 11b with a bore thread 12 is provided, and with a screw 23 into the respective hole 10 is screwed, the screw 23 in the screwed state, the first bore section 11a passes through and in the second bore section 11b in the hole thread 12 engages, characterized in that on the outer peripheral surface 5 a circular disk 3 is attached, which is substantially radially to the outer peripheral surface 5 extends, and that on the free, the outer peripheral surface 5 opposite edge 7 the circular disk 3 a sleeve 4 is attached, which is the outer peripheral surface 5 bordered with radial distance A. Shaft nut according to claim 1, characterized in that the basic body 2 , the circular disk 3 and the sleeve 4 are integrally connected. Shaft nut according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the shaft nut 1 on a wave 15 is screwed on and with one of its two faces 17a . 17b an inner ring 18 a rolling bearing 22 axially fixed. Shaft nut according to claim 3, characterized in that the rolling bearing 22 an outer ring 19 includes, which the inner ring 18 concentrically surrounds and with which the rolling bearing 22 in a connecting construction 24 rotatably attached, and that an annular groove 27 is provided, which in the connecting structure 24 or in one with the connecting structure 24 connected intermediate ring 25 is introduced and in which the sleeve 4 the shaft nut 1 engages when this on the shaft 15 is screwed on. Shaft nut according to claim 4, characterized in that in the connecting structure 24 or in the with the connecting structure 24 connected intermediate ring 25 a seal 30 is inserted in contact with the outer peripheral surface 5 of the basic body 2 stands. Shaft nut according to one of claims 1 to 5 characterized in that the rolling bearing 22 a wheel bearing 31 a rail vehicle is.

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