DE102012024362A1 - compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

Compressor (10) for compressing refrigerant with an electric motor (12) and a compression device (14) driven by the electric motor (12) for compressing refrigerant, wherein at least parts of the compression device (14), in particular an engine thereof, in an engine volume, in particular Engine compartment (34), and wherein the electric motor (12) is arranged in an engine volume, in particular engine compartment (51), wherein the compressor further has at least two pressure levels, namely a suction pressure and an engine compartment pressure, in particular engine compartment control pressure, wherein the engine room pressure is present in the engine volume and the suction pressure is present in the engine volume, and the electric motor (12) has suction gas cooling.

Description

The present invention relates to a compressor according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Compressors for compressing refrigerant are used today in many areas of daily life. For example, the air conditioning of passenger areas in vehicles or residential or commercial premises, as well as cooling in the supermarket, industrial and marine sector, or even in the field of transport refrigeration may be mentioned.

From the EP 10 45 543 A2 For example, there is known an electric truck trailer cooling unit which receives its compressor drive motor power and other required electric power from a synchronous motor driven by an on-board machine and which is mounted on the front wall of a tractor trailer. The cooling unit includes a compressor having an outlet opening and a suction opening, and further comprising an electric compressor drive motor hermetically disposed therein.

Furthermore, from the DE 10 2010 022 993 A1 a transportation refrigerating machine for cooling the interior of a box body of a refrigerated vehicle having an internal combustion engine, an electric generator driven by the internal combustion engine, an electric drive motor supplied with electric power from the electric generator, a compressor for compressing a refrigerant, and a compressor supplied with the refrigerant Heat exchanger unit known, wherein the housing of the drive motor is connected to the housing of the compressor and the drive shaft of the compressor is coupled to the output shaft of the electric drive motor.

In the case of the subject DE 10 2010 022 993 A1 Compressing compressor is a compressor of the type open compressor, in which the outlet opening from which its drive shaft exits, is sealed by means of a shaft seal acting against the drive shaft relative to the respective environment. Since the drive motor is cooled by the ambient air, excessive heat can be released to the surroundings, which causes additional cooling devices, especially in the area of transport refrigeration, which are neither aerodynamically nor energetically advantageous.

In the mobile sector in particular, apart from the energy efficiency of a compressor, further attention is paid to its compactness and reliability, as well as to the possibility of making the refrigeration systems in which the compressor is used as compact, simple and energy-efficient as possible.

Proceeding from this, it is the object of the present invention to provide a compressor, which allows compared to compressors according to the prior art, the simplest possible, compact refrigeration system.

This object is achieved by a compressor according to claim 1.

The above-mentioned compressor is a compressor for compressing refrigerant, which has an electric motor and a compressor device driven by the electric motor for compressing refrigerant.

At least parts of the compression device, in particular an engine thereof are or is arranged in an engine volume or an engine room. The electric motor, however, is arranged in an engine volume or engine compartment. The compressor has at least two pressure levels, namely a suction pressure and an engine room pressure, in particular in the form of an engine room control pressure. As a third pressure level, such a compressor usually has a high pressure, which is applied in a pressure volume, in which the compressed refrigerant is discharged after the compression process, d. H. so to speak, the compressor has an outlet pressure as the third pressure level. In said compressor prevails in the engine volume of the engine room pressure, whereas in the engine volume of the suction pressure prevails and the electric motor has a suction gas cooling. As a result, parts or even the entirety of the heat generated in the engine via the required in each refrigeration system heat exchanger for the refrigerant can be removed.

Depending on the design, both a partial flow of the suction gas and the entire suction gas can be provided for cooling the engine. Thus, depending on the application, a desired amount of heat (of course, the entire amount of heat that is produced) are removed by the suction gas from the engine, while possibly a remainder of the heat generated through the housing or an additional (possibly air-cooled) cooling device can be dissipated , Thus, in particular air-cooled cooling devices can be dimensioned to a desired size, in particular reduced in size. Alternatively, it is possible to completely avoid air cooling with a corresponding dimensioning of the system parts. In possible embodiments, the suction gas flow (or partial suction gas flow) can be controlled or regulated. These are, inter alia, controllable or controllable flow cross sections for the suction gas, which is used for cooling, implemented for example by appropriate valves or Benden or the like. Control parameters can be, for example, the temperature of the motor or the motor housing.

Any compressor which can be regulated by a control pressure, in particular an axial piston compressor with stepless stroke regulation, such as a swash plate compressor or swash plate compressor, can be used as the compressor according to the invention.

It should be noted at this point that the engine volume pressure prevailing in the engine volume or engine space, in particular the engine room control pressure, is preferably greater than or equal to the suction pressure and less than or equal to the high pressure.

Further optional features of the invention are specified in the dependent claims, as well as the following description of the figures. The described respective features can be realized individually or in any combination. The invention will therefore be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings by means of exemplary embodiments. In the drawings show:

1 a first exemplary embodiment of a compressor according to the invention; and

2 a second exemplary embodiment of a compressor according to the invention.

Both exemplary embodiments shown in the figures are a compressor 10 the swivel disc design. However, it should be mentioned at this point that, alternatively, any other compressor design, so for example a scroll compressor, a rotary compressor, or even a radial piston compressor, and an axial piston with constant piston stroke or a compressor which has no swash plate type, use Can be found.

The exemplary compressors 10 each have an electric motor in both exemplary embodiments 12 and one by the electric motor 12 driven compacting device 14 for compressing refrigerant. For compressing the refrigerant are several pistons 16 provided, which in corresponding, in a cylinder block 18 trained cylinder chambers 20 are arranged movable back and forth. The pistons 16 are over connecting rods 22 and sliding blocks 24 on a swivel disk 26 of the compressor 10 hinged.

The swivel disk 26 is with a drive shaft 28 rotatably formed in operative engagement, but it is relative to the drive shaft 28 pivotable, ie such that they in their inclination of the drive shaft 28 opposite adjustable, hinged to the same (indicated by double arrow 30 ). By changing the angle of inclination between the drive shaft 28 and the swivel disk 26 the piston stroke and thus the geometric stroke volume can be regulated or controlled in a correspondingly stepless manner. In alternative embodiments, the swashplate 26 be formed in the form of a swivel ring. The further the inclination angle deviates from 90 °, ie the smaller the inclination angle becomes, the larger the delivery volume becomes, because the stroke of the pistons 16 the smaller the angle of inclination, the larger becomes.

The compressor 10 also has an engine case 32 on which an engine volume in the form of an engine room 34 Limited (crankcase), in which, inter alia, the swash plate, and parts of the drive shaft 28 are arranged. In this there is an engine room pressure, in particular engine room control pressure. This serves to regulate the inclination of the swash plate or the Schwenlkrings and thus the lifting and delivery volume of the compressor 10 ,

Furthermore, the compressor points 10 a cylinder head 36 in which a suction gas volume (suction chamber) 38 , which is (are) subjected to a suction pressure or suction gas pressure, and a compressed gas volume (pressure chamber) 40 which is (are) subjected to a high pressure, are arranged. About the suction gas volume 38 passes to be compressed refrigerant, such as R 134a or R 744 or any other refrigerant, via a corresponding suction fluid connection, for example, inlet valve (indicated by arrow 42 ) in the cylinder chambers 20 and gets there by the floating pistons 16 compacted. The compressed refrigerant then passes through appropriate Druck-fluid connections, such as exhaust valves (indicated by arrow 44 ) in the compressed gas volume 40 from where it is provided to a refrigeration system, or in general the respective application.

To adjust the inclination angle is (in a known manner) the pressure in the engine room 34 by supplying compressed gas into the engine room 34 and by a derivative of that in the engine room 34 existing, pressurized refrigerant in the suction gas 38 adjustable (preferably adjustable). This is the engine room 34 via a pressurization fluid connection (indicated by arrows 46 ) with the compressed gas volume 40 and a pressure relief fluid connection (not shown) with the volume of suction gas 38 in fluid communication. In the described embodiments is the engine room 34 via the pressurization fluid connection with the pressurized gas volume 40 in continuous fluid communication with a constant connection cross section, while in the pressure relief fluid connection, a control valve is arranged. Alternatively or additionally, of course, an arrangement of the control valve / a further control valve in the pressurizing fluid connection conceivable. Alternatives to a valve, in particular control valve, would be conceivable, for example, adjustable diaphragms. The one in the engine volume or engine room 34 prevailing engine room pressure, in particular engine room control pressure is greater than or equal to the suction pressure and less than or equal to the high pressure.

The electric motor 12 is in the two described embodiments with a speed control device 48 connected, whereby the rotational speed of the same is regulated. Alternatively, a speed control device is conceivable. The electric motor 12 is still suction gas cooled. The electric motor 12 or a motor housing 50 it is preferably detachable and thus removable from the compacting device 14 , especially on the engine housing 32 attached, whereas in an alternative embodiment the compressor 10 in a compressor housing that houses both the electric motor 12 as well as the compacting device 14 takes up.

The motor housing 50 pets the electric motor 12 in the in 1 illustrated first exemplary embodiment and has a motor housing suction gas inlet 52 and a motor housing suction gas outlet 54 on, wherein the engine housing Sauggasauslass 54 via an engine suction gas volume fluid connection 56 with the suction gas volume of the compression device 14 is in fluid communication. This allows the suction gas to the engine 12 flow through and dissipate the heat generated. The engine room 34 is fluid-tight in this embodiment to the environment and also to the motor housing 50 and an engine compartment defined by the engine housing 51 sealed off. For sealing in the area of the drive shaft 28 extending from the engine compartment 51 in the engine room 34 hineinerstreckt is a sealing element 58 , For example, a mechanical seal, and provided at a shaft outlet 60 (Recess in the engine housing) of the engine housing 34 arranged. The drive shaft 28 is in the engine compartment area 51 through a first camp 62 , in the area of the shaft outlet 60 of the engine casing 34 through a second camp 64 and in the area of the cylinder block 18 by means of a third warehouse 66 rotatably mounted.

Also in the second exemplary embodiment, which is in 2 is shown, lives the motor housing 50 ' the electric motor 12 a, wherein the electric motor through the motor housing 50 ' is completely housed, ie the motor housing 50 ' has neither a motor housing Sauggaseinlass still a motor housing Sauggasauslass on. For sealing between engine compartment 51 and engine room 34 in the area of the drive shaft 28 , which also in this embodiment of the engine compartment 51 in the engine room 34 hineinerstreckt is in turn the sealing element 58 , For example in the form of a mechanical seal, provided and at the shaft outlet 60 (Recess in the engine housing) of the engine housing 34 arranged. The drive shaft 28 is again in the engine compartment area 51 through a first camp 62 , in the area of the shaft outlet 60 of the engine casing 34 through a second camp 64 and in the area of the cylinder block 18 by means of a third warehouse 66 rotatably mounted.

For cooling the electric motor, the compressor 10 According to the second exemplary embodiment, a motor housing shell 70 on top of the motor housing 50 einhausted fluid-tight against the environment, wherein the motor housing jacket 70 a motor housing shell suction gas inlet 72 and a motor housing shell suction gas outlet 74 and so around the motor housing 50 is arranged around that at least parts of the motor housing 50 are flowed around by the suction gas and thereby by the electric motor 12 discharged heat can be dissipated. The motor housing jacket suction gas outlet 74 is via an engine mantle suction gas volume fluid connection 56 ' with the suction gas volume 38 the compacting device 10 in fluid communication.

It should again be noted at this point that the cooling of the electric motor can also take place via a suction gas partial flow, wherein the suction gas partial flow can also be controlled or regulated with respect to its flow rate, for example by means of a valve or orifice. The remainder of the suction gas is then made available to the suction gas volume directly from the corresponding application. The valve or the orifice may, for example, in the region of the motor housing suction gas inlet 52 and / or the motor housing Sauggasauslasses 54 or in the area of the motor housing jacket suction gas inlet 72 and / or the motor housing jacket Sauggasauslasses 74 , as well as in the respective fluid connections arranged therebetween or, for example, in the fluid connections to the respective suction gas volume or suction gas inlet of the compression device 14 be arranged.

It should be noted that the compressor according to the invention has a low starting torque, which allows the use of a smaller generator or

Internal combustion engine for driving the same compared to the prior art allows.

However, while the invention will be described in terms of embodiments having fixed feature combinations, it also encompasses any conceivable further advantageous combination as particularly, but not exhaustively, given by the subclaims. All disclosed in the application documents features are claimed as essential to the invention, as far as they are new individually or in combination over the prior art.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

compressor

12

electric motor

14

compacting device

16

piston

18

cylinder block

20

cylinder space

22

pleuel

24

slide

26

swash plate

28

drive shaft

30

double arrow

32

Engine casing

34

Machine Room

36

cylinder head

38

suction gas

40

Volume of pressurized gas

42

arrow

44

arrow

46

arrow

48

Speed control device

50

motor housing

50 '

motor housing

51

engine compartment

52

Motor housing suction gas inlet

54

Crankcase Sauggasauslass

56

Engine suction gas fluid connector

56 '

Motor sheath suction gas fluid connector

58

sealing element

60

shaft outlet

62

first camp

64

second camp

66

third camp

68

Motor housing drive shaft recess

70

Motor housing casing

72

Motor casing shell-suction gas inlet

74

Motor housing shell Sauggasauslass

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 1045543 A2 [0003]
• DE 102010022993 A1 [0004, 0005]

Claims (10)

Compressor ( 10 ) for compressing refrigerant with an electric motor ( 12 ) and one by the electric motor ( 12 ) driven compacting device ( 14 ) for compressing refrigerant, wherein at least parts of the compacting device ( 14 ), in particular an engine thereof in an engine volume, in particular engine room ( 34 ), and wherein the electric motor ( 12 ) in an engine volume, in particular engine compartment ( 51 The compressor further comprises at least two pressure levels, namely a suction pressure and an engine room pressure, in particular engine room control pressure, characterized in that in the engine volume the engine room pressure and in the engine volume of the suction pressure is applied, and that the electric motor ( 12 ) has a suction gas cooling. Compressor ( 10 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the compressor ( 10 ) has a controllable delivery volume, in particular a continuously variable geometric displacement. Compressor ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compressor ( 10 ) is a reciprocating compressor having a variable, in particular controllable piston stroke. Compressor ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compressor ( 10 ) has a swash plate or a swivel ring. Compressor ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compressor ( 10 ) a suction gas volume ( 38 ) or a Sauggaseinlass, and that the engine volume with the suction gas volume ( 38 ) or the suction gas inlet of the compressor ( 10 ) is in fluid communication. Compressor ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the engine volume, in particular motor housing ( 51 ), a motor housing suction gas inlet ( 52 ) and a motor housing Sauggasauslass ( 54 ), wherein the engine housing Sauggasauslass ( 54 ) in fluid communication with a volume of suction gas ( 38 ) or a suction gas inlet of the compression device ( 14 ) stands. Compressor ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the compacting device ( 14 ) a suction gas volume ( 38 ) or a Sauggaseinlass that the compressor ( 10 ) a motor housing jacket ( 70 ), which the motor housing ( 51 ) einhaust at least partially, and that the motor housing shell ( 70 ) a motor housing jacket suction gas inlet ( 72 ) and a motor housing jacket Sauggasauslass ( 74 ), wherein the motor housing jacket Sauggasauslass ( 74 ) in fluid communication with the suction gas volume ( 38 ) or the suction gas inlet of the compression device ( 14 ) stands. Compressor ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compressor ( 10 ) one of the electric motor ( 12 ) driven drive shaft ( 28 ), which the compression device ( 14 ), whereby the drive shaft ( 28 ) extends into the engine volume and into the engine volume, wherein for sealing the engine volume against the engine volume and vice versa a sealing element ( 58 ) is provided. Compressor ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compressor ( 10 ) in a compressor housing that houses both the electric motor and the compression device ( 14 ) is recorded. Compressor ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compressor ( 10 ) a speed control device or a speed control device ( 48 ) for the electric motor ( 12 ) having.

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