DE102012021592B4 - Wheelchairs and retrofit kit for a wheelchair - Google Patents

Abstract

Wheelchair (1; 101) with a frame (2; 102) with a seat (3; 103) comprising a seat part (8) for a person to sit on and a backrest part (9) with wheels (4, 5, 6, 7 ; 104, 105, 106, 107) for rolling the wheelchair (1; 101) and having a drive device (15; 115) for driving at least one of the wheels (4, 5; 104, 105) in which the seat (3; 103) and the wheels (4, 5, 6, 7; 104, 105, 106, 107) are attached to the frame (2; 102), characterized in that the drive device (15; 115) with the seat part (8) and / or is mechanically coupled to the backrest part (9) in such a way that the seat part (8) and / or the backrest part (9) can be displaced by means of the drive device (15; 115) relative to the frame (2; 102) by at least to be able to move the buttocks of the person sitting on the seat (3), the seat part (8) being mounted on the frame (2; 102) by means of a seat suspension device (21) in such a way that it can be moved by means of the drive device (15; 115) is rotatable about a horizontal axis (24A), which is aligned with the seat direction (12).

Description

The invention relates to wheelchairs with a frame, comprising a seat comprising a seat part for sitting on a person and a backrest part, with wheels for rolling the wheelchair and with a drive means for driving at least one of the wheels, wherein the seat and the wheels attached to the frame are.

The invention further relates to a retrofit kit for a wheelchair with a frame, with a seat for sitting on a person, with wheels for rolling the wheelchair.

Generic wheelchairs are well known in the art to provide temporarily or permanently sitting at least some mobility to impaired patients or persons. In addition to hand-driven wheelchairs, which are moved with muscle power of each user, there are also motor-driven wheelchairs, which, however, by weight, build heavier and can not be used as flexible. Hand-driven wheelchairs are characterized by the fact that a user can manually drive the drive wheels of the wheelchair either directly on the drive wheels rigidly arranged grip tires or indirectly via an alternative drive means with, for example, pivotable from and to the rear lever arms. While this quite good travel options can be achieved, the seating comfort leaves despite many adjustment options often to be desired. Especially with regard to permanently seated persons, this can lead to chronic complaints and posture damage.

For example, is from the DE 121 860 A a drive device for vehicles with positive connection of foot pedal and seat by hand lever known, so that the foot lever and the seat perform opposite movements, wherein the hand lever is designed as a two-armed lever in such a way that on one arm, the linkage of the movable seat to the other arm attacks the linkage of the foot lever.

Furthermore, in the DE 88 425 A a swinging seat bicycle operated by flexing and stretching the arms and legs of a rider. Here, the driver is connected via shoulder strap with a seat frame of the seat such that a movement of the upper body moves the seat, so that the movement of the upper body can be used to drive the bike.

The invention has for its object to further develop generic wheelchairs such that in particular the disadvantages mentioned above can be overcome.

The object is achieved by wheelchairs according to one of claims 1 to 3 and by a retrofit kit according to claim 6.

According to the invention there is a mechanical coupling between components of the drive device and at least the seat part, and preferably also the backrest part.

In this respect, the seat part and preferably also the backrest part of the seat is mounted on the frame, that ideally both by means of the drive means are displaceable relative to the frame to at least the buttocks and preferably the back of the person sitting on the seat, in particular during the rolling of Wheelchair move.

Characterized in that at least the seat part of the seat is mounted relative to the frame that it is actively displaced by the drive means relative to the frame of the wheelchair, the present wheelchair is characterized by a dynamic seat construction, whereby it is possible, the buttocks of a user of the Wheelchair, especially paralyzed body parts of the user to actively move, making a longer sitting is much more pleasant to endure. As a result, the seating comfort can be significantly improved.

As an advantageous side effect in particular chronic discomfort due to insufficient movement of these body parts and the associated postural damage can be prevented or at least reduced. Especially the risk of degeneration of the spine, the intervertebral discs and / or the back muscles due to a lack of movement can be completely avoided in the present case or at least greatly reduced.

This is not or only insufficiently possible with conventional wheelchairs, as these only provide static sitting for the user.

In this respect, it is advantageous if the movements of the seat in the sense of the present invention are coupled to the driving movement of the wheelchair at least in a main direction of travel of the wheelchair.

The seat part embodies that part of the seat on which the user ultimately sits. In this respect, the seat part is characterized by a seat for the respective user.

It is particularly advantageous if the seat part so mounted on the frame and with the Drive device or components thereof is operatively connected such that the seat part can undergo an oscillating motion sequence. As a result, the seating comfort can be improved particularly well.

If, in particular, the seat part is mounted on the frame by means of a seat suspension device such that it can be deflected laterally about a seat part center position by means of the drive device, paralyzed body parts of a user of the wheelchair can be very well stimulated, whereby the seating comfort is substantially improved. Ideally, consequential damage due to sitting in a wheelchair can advantageously be at least reduced as a result.

For example, the seat suspension device may be such that the seat part can be moved translationally transversely displaceable to the seating direction.

But also a movement along a circular path and / or about a pivot axis or the like can be advantageously provided in the present case.

The object of the invention is also achieved by a retrofit kit for a wheelchair with a frame, with a seat and with wheels for rolling the wheelchair, the retrofit kit comprising a seat suspension device, by means of which the seat part and / or a backrest part of a seat of the retrofit kit relative to the frame displaceable on the frame can be arranged such that the seat part and / or the backrest part by means of a drive device relative to the frame is driven swinging.

If the seat part swings rotationally about the vertical axis, it can be rotated in a horizontal plane. If it oscillates in rotation about the vertical axis, it can be tilted with respect to this horizontal plane. Thus, an advantageous tilt-and-turn mechanism can be realized with respect to the seat suspension device.

And it swings around a seat center location it can be moved in the horizontal plane.

In this respect, the seat part can be displaced extremely varied with respect to the frame, whereby a level of seating comfort not yet achieved can be achieved.

These variants can advantageously be selected individually or in any combination.

Again, there is a mechanical drive coupling between the drive device or components thereof and at least the seat part of the seat.

The term "retrofit kit" in the context of the invention describes a component unit which can be adapted to conventional wheelchairs, so that these existing wheelchairs can be retrofitted at low cost. Thus, after successful retrofitting then existing wheelchairs in the context of the present invention can be used.

The seat comfort can thus be further improved, although the backrest part by means of the drive means relative to the frame is relatively displaced.

If, in this connection, the backrest part can be deflected laterally transversely to the seat direction by means of the drive device about a backrest part center position, the effects described above can be further improved.

For this purpose, the backrest part can be displaceably mounted on an, for example, curved cross-member element.

In this respect, the drive device is mechanically coupled to the backrest part in such a way that the backrest part can be displaced relative to the frame by means of the drive device in order in particular to be able to additionally move the lower back part of the person sitting on the seat.

It is understood that the backrest part can be driven mechanically varied. For example, it is operatively connected directly to a component of the drive device via a drive element.

If the seat comprises a backrest part, which is operatively connected to the seat part in this way, the movements of the seat part and of the backrest part can be adapted to one another structurally in a particularly simple manner.

A particularly noteworthy variant embodiment provides that the present drive device comprises at least one muscle-operated lever arm element, preferably two muscle-operated lever arm elements, by means of which or which at least one of the wheels and the seat part and / or the backrest part are manually handleable.

In particular, by a movement sequence in which two lever arm elements on both sides by arm movements of the user periodically or alternately moved back and forth, the upper body can already be trained well. If at least the seat part is also rhythmically moved by means of the lever arm elements to these alternating arm movements, the lower back muscles and almost the entire spinal column system can in particular be stimulated and thus exercised in addition to the completed movements in the shoulder area.

Advantageously, in particular, the displacements or the movements of the seat part are such that natural walking or running movements are simulated here, especially on the paralyzed parts of the body, simultaneously with the upper body parts.

An advantageous variant of the method thus provides that the backrest part of the seat is moved in an oscillating manner about a backrest part center position by means of the at least one muscle-operated lever arm element.

Preferably, the backrest part is displaced transversely to the seat direction translationally along a curved path.

It is understood that the drive means for simultaneously driving relevant components of the seat and at least one of the wheels may comprise variously structured and operating gear. For example, this transmission may comprise a circumferential eccentric shaft, by means of which in particular the seat part can be driven to oscillate.

A preferred embodiment provides that the drive device comprises a transmission unit with two rotatably driven input shaft elements and with a rotatably driven output shaft element for driving at least the seat part and with a continuously circumferentially driven output shaft element for driving at least one of the wheels. In this way, at least one of the wheels and at least the seat part of the seat can be driven differently in a structurally and in an extraordinarily simple manner at the same time.

Thus, the rotatably driven output shaft member rotatable and the continuously rotating driven output shaft member can be continuously driven in rotation of the input shaft elements.

Preferably, the backrest part is also driven in a rotationally oscillating manner with the output shaft element which can be driven in a swinging manner.

In this respect, it is advantageous if the rotatably driven input shaft elements are arranged operatively connected to the output shaft elements, that on the one hand, the seat part and / or the backrest part of the seat oscillating and on the other hand, a Radachsenelement the wheelchair continuously driven by these input shaft elements.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the two input shaft elements which can be driven in a rotationally oscillating manner are in each case operatively connected to the output shaft element which can be driven in rotation by bevel gear elements and, on the other hand, to the output shaft element which can be continuously driven in rotation by a freewheel device.

Advantageously, the two input shaft elements are always in operative contact with each other via the bevel gear elements.

As a result, driving forces that are applied irregularly in particular by means of two force-actuated lever arm elements can accelerate and drive in particular uniformly in one direction of rotation the continuously revolving output shaft element.

A wertere preferred embodiment thus provides, in particular from the standpoint of a robust lightweight construction, that a Ausgangskegelradelement the rotatably driven output shaft member at the same time each meshes with a Eingangskegelradelement of the two rotatably driven input shaft elements. As a result, the relevant components of the seat can be driven in an oscillating manner in the narrowest space within the meaning of the invention.

Advantageously, the two input bevel gear elements of the input shaft elements rotate about a common input axis of rotation.

By contrast, the output bevel wheel element of the output shaft element which can be driven in rotation with these two input bevel wheel elements rotates about an output rotational axis, which is arranged perpendicular to the input rotational axis.

Advantageously, the Ausgangskegelrad is at least partially disposed between the two input bevel gears, wherein the Ausgangskegelrad opposite arranged free shaft end of the rotatably driven output shaft member facing the seat or in particular the seat part is arranged in the wheelchair.

It is also advantageous if a Ausgangskegelradelement the rotatably driven output shaft element at the same time each meshes with an input bevel gear of the two rotatably driven input shaft elements. As a result, a compact construction gear can be realized.

In the present case, a very low-maintenance drive device can be provided if the output shaft element which can be driven in a swinging manner comprises a bevel gear element and the output shaft element which can be driven continuously in the circumferential direction comprises a chain pinion element.

Preferably, the continuously rotating driven output shaft member can be operatively connected here via a chain robust and low maintenance with a wheel axle of the wheelchair.

It is understood that in the present case, other transmission means between the continuously circumferentially driven output shaft member and the wheel axle can be used.

For a structurally very simple drive of components of the seat and the wheelchair itself, it is advantageous if in each case a muscle-operated lever arm element is arranged on the two rotatably driven input shaft elements.

On the one hand, the shoulder system of the user undergoes a good training effect, while on the other hand a stimulation especially of paralyzed lower body parts of the user succeeds when, at the same time, through these two muscle-powered lever arm elements, which are alternately moved back and forth to achieve a driving movement of the wheelchair the seat part in response to the alternately moving lever arm, for example oscillating transversely to the seat direction and / or swinging about a rotation axis.

It is clear that the movements of the seat part and / or the backrest part can be coupled differently depending on the lever arm positions.

Ideally, the movements of the lever arm members and the seat portion or the backrest portion are linked together in a predetermined manner, so that a movement of the lever arm elements always entails a predetermined movement of the seat part and / or the backrest part. It does not matter whether one or two lever arm elements are provided.

Preferably, a mechanical coupling by means of the present transmission in such a way that the seat part is rotated counterclockwise about the vertical axis when viewed in the seat direction, the left lever arm is displaced forward in the direction of travel. Here, the right lever arm moves in the opposite direction to the rear.

Ideally, the backrest portion correspondingly moves toward the left side of the left forwardly urged lever member.

Accordingly, the seat part rotates clockwise relative to the seat direction about the vertical axis when the right lever arm member is moved forward in the direction of travel.

The backrest part may in this case be displaced in the direction of the right side of the right-hand pushed forward lever element.

It is understood that the seat part not only moves in a horizontal plane or parallel to this but also can be pivoted with respect to this horizontal plane, so that the seating comfort can be further improved.

Also cumulative or alternatively rocking movements of the seat part are possible if the wheelchair is driven accordingly.

A further possible embodiment variant provides that the input shaft elements can be decoupled from the continuously rotating output shaft element for driving at least one of the wheels, whereby in particular the seat part of the seat can be driven by the lever arm elements or the like, without the wheelchair moving. This also allows the seating comfort on the wheelchair can be significantly increased.

In this respect, it is advantageous if the present transmission comprises a corresponding coupling device, by means of which at least at least one of the wheels or a relevant wheel axle element can be decoupled from the input shaft elements.

In any case, it is advantageous if the two muscle-operated lever arm elements are pivoted manually in or against the seat direction and thereby swing the seat part and / or the backrest part transversely to the sitting direction to improve the seating comfort in the sense of the invention.

It is understood that such a coupling device can also be realized elsewhere, such as outside the proposed transmission.

Advantageously, the present wheelchair is also characterized by Reach tire elements on its drive wheels in order to move the wheelchair with a very high flexibility. So far, it is customary to equip a wheelchair with either ratchet elements or lever arm elements. Preferably, however, both ratchet elements and lever arm elements are used for manually moving the wheelchair in the present case.

The agility of the wheelchair, in particular when using the lever arm elements, can be achieved if a brake actuating means, for example a brake lever element, is provided on the lever arm elements, by means of which a single brake of a drive wheel can be actuated.

For example, each of the drive wheels has a disc brake device, by means of which the respective drive wheel can be braked individually with the associated brake lever element. This allows the wheelchair to be steered very well.

More important advantages, objects and features of the present invention will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following description in which exemplary hand-driven wheelchairs are shown and described with displaceable by a drive means seat and backrest parts.

In the drawing show:

1A schematically a front view of a first hand-operated wheelchair with displaceable by a drive means seat and backrest parts in each case in a rest mode position in their middle positions;

1B schematically a plan view of the first hand-driven wheelchair from the 1A in the resting mode position;

1C schematically a perspective view of the first hand-operated wheelchair from the 1A and 1B in the resting mode position;

2A schematically a front view of the first hand-operated wheelchair in a first operating position with different from the respective center position differently deflected seat and backrest parts;

2 B schematically a plan view of the first hand-driven wheelchair from the 2A in the first operating position;

2C schematically a perspective view of the first hand-operated wheelchair from the 2A and 2 B in the first operating position;

3A schematically a front view of a first hand-operated wheelchair with displaceable by a drive means seat and backrest parts in each case again in their middle layers;

3B schematically a plan view of the first hand-driven wheelchair from the 3A ;

3C schematically a perspective view of the first hand-operated wheelchair from the 3A and 3B ;

4A schematically a wertere front view of the first hand-operated wheelchair in a further operating position with oppositely deflected from the respective center position seat and backrest parts;

4B schematically a plan view of the first hand-driven wheelchair from the 4A in the new operating position;

4C schematically a perspective view of the first hand-operated wheelchair from the 4A and 4B in the further operating position;

5A schematically a perspective view of a conventional wheelchair;

5B schematically another perspective view of the conventional wheelchair from the 5A with disassembled seat;

5C schematically a perspective view of the conventional wheelchair from the 5A and 5B and a retrofit kit with seat and backrest parts of a new seat, with a drive device comprising a gear unit with two lever arm elements for driving wheels of the wheelchair and the seat and backrest parts of the new seat;

5D schematically a perspective view of the conventional wheelchair from the 5A . 5B and 5C in a mounted operational state;

6A schematically a view of the transmission of the drive means;

6B schematically a partially sectioned view of the transmission along a section line BB; and

6C schematically another partially sectioned view of the transmission along a section line AA.

The in the 1 to 4 Hand-operated wheelchair shown 1 has a frame 2 , a seat 3 and behind two drive wheels 4 and 5 and in front two smaller steering wheels 6 and 7 (see only 1C . 2C . 3C . 4C ) on. The seat 3 consists essentially of a seat part 8th and a backrest part 9 , The smaller steering wheels 6 and 7 are each rotatable about a not specifically drawn here vertical axis on the frame 2 stored. The drive wheels 4 . 5 each comprise a handrim 10 (numbered only as an example), by means of which they can be turned manually. Both drive wheels 4 and 5 have a common wheel axle element 11 and are about this in the present case not shown in detail bushings on the frame 2 rotatably mounted.

The seat 3 of the wheelchair 1 defined solely by the arrangement of the seat part 8th and the backrest part 9 a seating direction 12 on the wheelchair 1 , where the sitting direction 12 with the forward straight-ahead direction 13 coincides.

In addition, the wheelchair points 1 a drive device 15 for driving the two drive wheels 4 and 5 on.

The drive device 15 includes two muscle-operated lever arm elements 16 and 17 that of the user of the wheelchair 1 alternating manually in sitting direction 12 pressed forward and manually against the direction of view 12 can be withdrawn.

In addition, the drive device comprises 15 a gear unit 20 which is below the seat 3 in the frame 2 of the wheelchair 1 is placed. This gear unit 20 will be discussed below in connection with the illustrations of the 6A . 6B and 6C described in more detail.

Anyway, using the gear unit 20 the alternating manual drive movements of the two lever arm elements 16 and 17 such on the Radachsenelement 11 be transferred that the drive wheels 4 and 5 can turn continuously in one direction of rotation and the wheelchair 1 thus, for example, in the forward straight-ahead direction 13 can be moved.

In addition, these alternating manual drive movements of the two lever elements 16 and 17 used to the seat part 8th and the back part 9 opposite the frame 2 to shift to the buttocks of the seat 3 moving seated user to be able to move.

These are the seat part 8th and the backrest part 9 by means of a seat suspension device, not shown here in detail 21 so on the frame 2 stored that both the seat part 8th as well as the backrest part 9 around a seat center location 22 or a backrest part center layer 23 (please refer 1 and 3 ) are laterally deflectable.

Here is the seat part 8th around a vertical axis 24 rotatably mounted. It can thus be in a horizontal plane 25 in terms of its front end 26 and its rear end 27 in terms of seating direction 12 radial 28 be deflected oscillating.

In addition, the seat part could 8th advantageously still about a horizontal axis 24A which are in the horizontal plane 25 in seat direction 12 is arranged in alignment, according to the tilting directions 28A swing, leaving the seat part 8th even from the horizontal plane 25 is herauskippbar when the two lever arm elements 16 and 17 to be moved by hand. In this embodiment, this variant of the sake of completeness is indeed drawn, but is dispensed with this additional function to the wheelchair 1 structurally very easy to hold.

The backrest part 9 is via a bracket element 29 with the seat suspension device 21 connected so that it at the deflection of the seat part 8th around the vertical axis 24 according to his backrest part center position 23 is oscillated laterally deflected.

In this embodiment, the backrest part moves 9 always laterally opposite to the direction in which the rear end 27 of the seat part 8th is deflected, whereby the buttocks and the lower back of the user are moved accordingly.

So that the backrest part 9 Even under load stable and well managed, it is additional even with sled elements 30 and 31 on a curved cross-member element 32 of the frame 2 stored.

In this respect, the backrest part 9 additionally along a curved curved path 33 radial 28 slidable on the frame 2 stored.

While the wheelchair 1 according to the representations of 1 in a resting mode 34 is located, in which the seat part 8th in the sitting area center location 22 and the backrest part 9 in the backrest part center posture 23 are the wheelchair 1 according to the representations of 2 in a first operating position 35 shown in which the left lever arm element 17 forward in sitting direction 12 pressed and the right lever arm 16 according to the back against the seat direction 12 is drawn. Here is the seat part 8th around the vertical axis 24 and with its back end 27 in the direction of the right lever arm element 16 from the Sitzteilmittenlage 22 turned out. Accordingly, the backrest part 9 from his backrest part center posture 23 out in the direction of the left lever arm element 17 deflected.

According to the representations of 3 is the wheelchair 1 again in the idle mode 34 shown.

Now becomes the right lever arm element 16 forward in sitting direction 12 pressed and the left lever arm 17 according to the back against the seat direction 12 pulled, the rear end pivots 27 of the seat part 8th in the direction of the left lever arm element 17 and the backrest part 9 in the direction of the right lever arm element 16 , Accordingly, the wheelchair is located 1 in an additional operating position 36 , as according to the representations of 4 shown.

Subsequently, this process can be repeated, with both the seat part 8th as well as the backrest part 9 again the middle layers 22 respectively. 23 swing through.

The above-mentioned transmission unit 20 includes a housing, not shown here for the protection of the individual transmission components (see in particular 6 ).

These transmission components comprise two rotatably driven input shaft elements 40 and 41 each with an outer pin 42 and 43 , on each of which one of the two lever arm elements 16 and 17 is rotatably attached. In this respect, movements of the two lever elements 16 respectively. 17 to the corresponding input shaft element 40 respectively. 41 be transmitted.

In addition, the transmission components comprise a rotatably driven output shaft member 44 to drive the seat part 8th and the backrest part 9 , The rotatably driven output shaft element 44 has an outer pin 45 on, on the one hand, the bracket element 29 is fixed with a corresponding hub member (not shown). In this respect, first, rotational movements of the rotatably driven output shaft element 44 directly on the backrest part 9 be transmitted. On the other hand corresponds with this outer pin 45 an eccentric member (not shown) of the seat suspension device 21 in such a way that secondly by means of the rotational movements of the rotatably driven output shaft element 44 the seat part 8th corresponding to the vertical axis 24 can be deflected. The vertical axis 24 is different from a vertical axis of rotation 46 around which the rotatably driven output shaft element 44 rotating swings. In this respect fall the vertical axis 24 and the vertical axis of rotation 46 not together.

Furthermore, the transmission components comprise a continuously revolving driven output shaft element 47 for driving the drive wheels 4 and 5 , The continuously rotating driven output shaft element 47 contributes to this a sprocket sprocket 48 to power a chain 49 , by means of which, in turn, the rotational movements of the continuously circumferentially drivable output shaft element 47 on a pinion 50 of the wheel axle element 11 can be transmitted. The pinion 50 sits here advantageous directly on a housing shell 51 a differential part 52 of the wheel axle element 11 , whereby the wheel axle element 11 overall very compact builds. With the differential part 52 is a very good cornering of the wheelchair 1 guaranteed.

The continuously rotating driven output shaft element 47 lies together with the two input shaft elements 40 respectively. 41 on a common input shaft axis of rotation 55 , And that is the continuously circulating driven output shaft element 47 each with a freewheel device 56 respectively. 57 (please refer 6C ) with the respective input shaft element 40 respectively. 41 operatively connected. For this sit the two freewheel devices 56 and 57 on bearing seating areas 58 and 59 the continuously revolving driven output shaft element 47 , wherein the bearing seat area 58 within a socket area 60 of the first input shaft element 40 and the bearing seat area 59 within a socket area 61 of the second input shaft element 41 is stored.

The two freewheel devices 56 and 57 are chosen in this embodiment such that with them of the muscle-operated lever arm elements 16 and 17 each on the two input shaft elements 40 respectively. 41 initiated driving forces on the continuously rotating driven output shaft element 47 can be transmitted directly when the muscle-operated lever arm elements 16 and 17 by the user manually in seat direction 12 be pressed forward.

However, for example, the user pulls the muscle-operated lever arm element 16 backwards against the seat direction 12 back, due to the freewheeling effect of the freewheel device 56 directly no driving forces from the input shaft element 40 on the continuously circulating drivable output shaft element 47 be transmitted. Rather, the transmission of forces from the input shaft element 40 via a bevel gear connection 64 on the input shaft element 41 and from there via the freewheel device 57 on the continuously rotating driven output shaft element 47 ,

In that sense, it is related to the transmission 20 of the wheelchair 1 generally particularly advantageous when a related transfer of manual drive forces via a component component of the rotatably driven output shaft member 44 for driving parts 8th respectively. 9 of the seat 3 he follows.

In this respect, by means of the two freewheel devices 56 and 57 ensures that the continuously rotating driven output shaft element 47 only in one direction of rotation 62 (please refer 68 ), while the rotatably driven output shaft member 44 the forward and backward movements of the two muscle-operated lever arm elements 16 and 17 in both directions through the bevel gear connection 64 necessarily follows, creating a torsional vibration 63 around the vertical axis of rotation 46 is enforced.

This direction of rotation 62 allows movement of the wheelchair 1 especially in the straight-ahead direction 13 , To use the wheelchair 1 To drive backwards, the drive wheels can 4 respectively. 5 over the handrims 10 be operated manually.

The two freewheel devices 56 and 57 are each stored in this embodiment by means of roller or needle bearings.

The bevel gear connection 64 consists essentially of a Ausgangskegelradelement 65 the rotatably driven output shaft element 44 and one input bevel wheel element each 66 of the first input shaft element 40 and an input bevel gear member 67 the second input shaft element 41 ,

The output bevel wheel element 65 is on the rotatably driven output shaft element 44 determined by means of a clamping set not shown here in detail and the Eingangskegelradelemente 66 and 67 are each on the corresponding input shaft element 40 respectively. 41 glued. It is understood that the bevel gear elements 65 . 66 and 67 alternatively shrunk.

The output bevel wheel element 65 is always located with the two input bevel gear elements 66 and 67 engaged, causing the construction of the gear unit 20 structurally simple and robust.

In addition, the Ausgangskegelradelement meshes 65 with the two input bevel wheel elements 66 and 67 on a side facing the seat, so that the rotatably driven output shaft element 44 structurally simple directly with the components of the seat suspension device 21 can be mechanically connected.

And while the two input shaft elements 40 and 41 in each case with a ball bearing device 68 respectively. 69 in the housing (not shown) of the gear unit 20 are stored, is the output shaft element 44 with an additional ball bearing device 70 also stored in this case.

In this respect, with the transmission unit described above 20 an extremely compact drive device 15 created by means of which not only factory already newly designed wheelchairs 1 can be equipped.

Advantageously, moreover, there is also the possibility of having a corresponding retrofit kit 80 conventional wheelchairs 101 as exemplified in the 5A to 5C shown is to retrofit.

So that is in the 5A shown conventional wheelchair 101 in approximately the same as in the 1 to 4 wheelchair shown 1 , In this respect, the conventional wheelchair has 101 over a frame 102 which, however, is hinged, over a seat 103 , as well as two drive wheels 104 and 105 as well as two smaller steering wheels 106 and 107 ,

From this conventional wheelchair 101 becomes as shown 5B the seat 103A disassembled and then removed and through the retrofit kit 80 , which is a complete drive device 115 includes, exchanged.

As the drive device 115 almost identical to the drive device 15 of the wheelchair 1 is, are the components of the drive device 115 provided with identical reference numerals. A new functional description is omitted in order to avoid repetition. Rather, in this regard, the figure description of

1 to 4 and especially with regard to the structure of the gear unit 20 will be on the 6 directed.

In this respect, the drive device comprises 115 of the retrofit kit 80 the seat suspension device 21 , by means of which the seat part 8th and the backrest part 9 of the seat 3 relative to the frame 102 are relocatable. Accordingly, also in the retrofit kit 80 The gear 20 with the seat suspension device 21 mechanically coupled or operatively connected in the manner explained above. For driving the drive device 115 are again the two muscle-operated lever arm elements 16 and 17 intended. And the drive wheels 104 . 105 be through the wheel axle element 11 with the drive device 115 connected.

It goes without saying that the exemplary embodiments explained above are only first embodiments of wheelchairs according to the invention and of a retrofit kit. In this respect, the embodiment of the invention is not limited to these embodiments.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

wheelchair

2

frame

3

Seat

4

right drive wheel

5

left drive wheel

6

right steering wheel

7

left steering wheel

8th

seat part

9

Backrest part

10

handrims

11

Radachsenelement

12

seat direction

13

Straight travel direction

15

driving means

16

right lever arm elements

17

left lever arm elements

20

gear unit

21

Seat suspension system

22

Squab center position

23

Backrest portion center position

24

vertical axis

24A

Horizontal axis

25

WL

26

front end

27

rear end

28

radial

28A

tilt directions

29

bracket element

30

first carriage element

31

second carriage element

32

Cross cross element

33

cam track

34

Quiescent operating positions

35

first operating position

36

further operating position

40

first input shaft element

41

second input shaft element

42

first outer pin

43

second outer pin

44

rotatably driven output shaft element

45

additional outer cone

46

Vertical axis of rotation

47

continuously rotatable drivable output shaft element

48

Chain sprocket

49

Chain

50

pinion

51

shell

52

differential part

55

Input shaft axis of rotation

56

first freewheel device

57

second freewheel device

58

first bearing seat area

59

second bearing seat area

60

connector panel

61

connector panel

62

direction of rotation

63

Torsional vibration

64

Kegelradverbindung

65

Ausgangskegelradelement

66

first input bevel wheel element

67

second input bevel wheel element

68

first ball bearing device

69

second ball bearing device

70

further ball bearing device

80

retrofit kit

101

conventional wheelchair

102

frame

103

Seat

104

right drive wheel

105

left drive wheel

106

right steering wheel

107

left steering wheel

115

driving means

Claims (12)

Wheelchair ( 1 ; 101 ) with a frame ( 2 ; 102 ), with a seat ( 3 ; 103 ) comprising a seat part ( 8th ) for sitting on a person and a backrest part ( 9 ), with wheels ( 4 . 5 . 6 . 7 ; 104 . 105 . 106 . 107 ) for rolling the wheelchair ( 1 ; 101 ) and with a drive device ( 15 ; 115 ) for driving at least one of the wheels ( 4 . 5 ; 104 . 105 ), where the seat ( 3 ; 103 ) and the wheels ( 4 . 5 . 6 . 7 ; 104 . 105 . 106 . 107 ) on the frame ( 2 ; 102 ) are fastened, characterized in that the drive device ( 15 ; 115 ) with the seat part ( 8th ) and / or with the backrest part ( 9 ) is mechanically coupled such that the seat part ( 8th ) and / or the backrest part ( 9 ) by means of the drive device ( 15 ; 115 ) relative to the frame ( 2 ; 102 ) is displaceable to at least the buttocks of the seat ( 3 ) seated person, the seat part ( 8th ) by means of a seat suspension device ( 21 ) on the frame ( 2 ; 102 ) is mounted such that it by means of the drive means ( 15 ; 115 ) about a horizontal axis ( 24A ) which are aligned with the seating direction ( 12 ) is arranged, is rotatable. Wheelchair ( 1 ; 101 ) with a frame ( 2 ; 102 ), with a seat ( 3 ; 103 ) comprising a seat part ( 8th ) for sitting on a person and a backrest part ( 9 ), with wheels ( 4 . 5 . 6 . 7 ; 104 . 105 . 106 . 107 ) for rolling the wheelchair ( 1 ; 101 ) and with a drive device ( 15 ; 115 ) for driving at least one of the wheels ( 4 . 5 ; 104 . 105 ), where the seat ( 3 ; 103 ) and the wheels ( 4 . 5 . 6 . 7 ; 104 . 105 . 106 . 107 ) on the frame ( 2 ; 102 ) are fastened, characterized in that the drive device ( 15 ; 115 ) with the seat part ( 8th ) and / or with the backrest part ( 9 ) is mechanically coupled such that the seat part ( 8th ) and / or the backrest part ( 9 ) by means of the drive device ( 15 ; 115 ) relative to the frame ( 2 ; 102 ) is displaceable to at least the sown on the seat ( 3 ) seated person, the seat part ( 8th ) by means of a seat suspension device ( 21 ) on the frame ( 2 ; 102 ) is mounted such that it by means of the drive means ( 15 ; 115 ) around a vertical axis ( 24 ) is rotatable. Wheelchair ( 1 ; 101 ) with a frame ( 2 ; 102 ), with a seat ( 3 ; 103 ) comprising a seat part ( 8th ) for sitting on a person and a backrest part ( 9 ), with wheels ( 4 . 5 . 6 . 7 ; 104 . 105 . 106 . 107 ) for rolling the wheelchair ( 1 ; 101 ) and with a drive device ( 15 ; 115 ) for driving at least one of the wheels ( 4 . 5 ; 104 . 105 ), where the seat ( 3 ; 103 ) and the wheels ( 4 . 5 . 6 . 7 ; 104 . 105 . 106 . 107 ) on the frame ( 2 ; 102 ) are fastened, characterized in that the drive device ( 15 ; 115 ) with the seat part ( 8th ) and / or with the backrest part ( 9 ) is mechanically coupled such that the seat part ( 8th ) and / or the backrest part ( 9 ) by means of the drive device ( 15 ; 115 ) relative to the frame ( 2 ; 102 ) is displaceable to at least the buttocks of the seat ( 3 ) seated person, the seat part ( 8th ) by means of a seat suspension device ( 21 ) on the frame ( 2 ; 102 ) is mounted such that it by means of the drive means ( 15 ; 115 ) about a seat center position ( 22 ) is laterally deflectable. Wheelchair ( 1 ; 101 ) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the backrest part ( 9 ) by means of the drive device ( 15 ; 115 ) around a backrest part center layer ( 23 ) laterally across the seating direction ( 12 ) is deflectable. Wheelchair ( 1 ; 101 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the drive device ( 15 ; 115 ) at least one muscle-operated lever arm element ( 16 ; 116 ), by means of which at least one of the wheels ( 4 . 5 ; 104 . 105 ) and the seat part ( 8th ) and / or the backrest part ( 9 ) are manually driven. Retrofit kit ( 80 ) for a wheelchair ( 101 ) with a frame ( 102 ), with a seat ( 103 ) for sitting on a person and with wheels ( 104 . 105 . 106 . 107 ) for rolling the wheelchair ( 101 ), characterized in that the retrofit kit ( 80 ) a seat suspension device ( 21 ), by means of which a seat part ( 8th ) and / or a backrest part ( 9 ) of a seat ( 3 ) of the retrofit kit ( 80 ) relative to the frame ( 102 ) displaceable on the frame ( 102 ) can be arranged, that the seat part ( 8th ) and / or the backrest part ( 9 ) by means of a drive device ( 115 ) opposite the frame ( 102 ) is swinging drivable. Wheelchair ( 1 ; 101 ) or retrofit kit ( 80 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive device ( 15 ; 115 ) a transmission unit ( 20 ) with two rotatably driven input shaft elements ( 40 . 41 ) and with a rotatably driven output shaft element ( 44 ) for driving at least the seat part ( 8th ) and with a continuously revolving driven output shaft element ( 47 ) for driving at least one of the wheels ( 4 . 5 ; 104 ; 105 ). Wheelchair ( 1 ; 101 ) or retrofit kit ( 80 ) according to claim 7, characterized in that the rotatably driven input shaft elements ( 40 . 41 ) with the output shaft elements ( 44 . 46 ) are arranged so operatively connected, that on the one hand the seat part ( 8th ) and / or the backrest part ( 9 ) of the seat ( 3 ) oscillating and on the other hand a Radachsenelement ( 11 ) of the wheelchair ( 1 ; 101 ) continuously circulating from these input shaft elements ( 40 . 41 ) are drivable. Wheelchair ( 1 ; 101 ) or retrofit kit ( 80 ) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the two rotatably driven input shaft elements ( 40 . 41 ) on the one hand with the rotatably driven output shaft element ( 44 ) in each case by bevel gear elements and on the other hand with the continuously circumferentially drivable output shaft element ( 47 ) each by a freewheel device ( 56 . 57 ) are arranged operatively connected. Wheelchair ( 1 ; 101 ) or retrofit kit ( 80 ) according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that an output bevel wheel element ( 65 ) of the rotatably driven output shaft element ( 44 ) at the same time in each case with an input bevel wheel element ( 66 . 67 ) of the two rotatably driven input shaft elements ( 40 . 41 ) combs. Wheelchair ( 1 ; 101 ) or retrofit kit ( 80 ) according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the pivoting drivable output shaft element ( 44 ) an output bevel wheel element ( 65 ) and the continuously rotating driven output shaft element ( 47 ) a chain pinion element ( 48 ). Wheelchair ( 1 ; 101 ) or retrofit kit ( 80 ) according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that on the two rotatably driven input shaft elements ( 40 . 41 ) at least one muscle-powered lever arm element ( 16 ) is arranged.

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