DE102012011167A1 - Rotary piston apparatus for steam engine, has working chamber that is arranged with moveable piston element and is coupled to discharge unit for discharging working medium from working chamber - Google Patents

Abstract

The apparatus (100) has a working chamber (120) that is arranged with moveable piston element (2). The working chamber is coupled to feed device (9,110) for supplying working medium to working chamber so as to move the piston element. The working medium is partly composed of vapor or gaseous fluid and liquid fluid having same chemical composition or substance such as hydrogen oxide (H2O). The working chamber is coupled to discharge unit (13,140) for discharging the working medium from working chamber. An independent claim is included for method for operating rotary-piston apparatus.

Description

The present invention relates to a rotary piston device and to a method of operating such a rotary piston device.

The injection of hot water under high pressure into thermal engines is known as flash evaporation as a method of improving thermodynamic operating characteristics that operate on the Rankine cycle with steam. In such steam engines, water is injected into the expansion space of the engine instead of or in addition to a glowing gas.

A proposed technical solution is known according to the EP 1 954 916 B1 for a rotary piston machine. This proposal contains the technical route for the flash evaporation via a water injection dependent on the rotor / piston position. To the working space of the rotary piston machine takes place a combustion of gas, for the production of a glowing medium, which is sucked into the working space via a first feed device, which is designed as a suction opening. The water is injected into the working space via a second feed device, which is designed as a second opening. The working medium resulting in the working space is therefore supplied via more than one feeding device. It can be seen that, in particular, the thermodynamically intended goal of improving the efficiency is not achievable. Furthermore, the object known from EP 1 954 916 B1 requires elaborate filtering of the water or a continuous disposal of the liquid emerging from the machine as well as a steady supply of fresh water.

It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a device for converting thermal energy into kinetic energy, which allows a much better efficiency over the device known from the prior art, is much more environmentally friendly and allows a more advantageous control.

The object is achieved by a rotary piston machine according to claim 1. Such a device comprises at least one working space with a piston element arranged movably therein, the piston element preferably having a symmetrical basic shape and having boundary surfaces formed at least in sections or partially or completely spherically, in particular elliptically. Furthermore, the device comprises at least one or only one coupled to the working space feeder, in particular a wall opening to which preferably a line connection, such. As a channel, connects, for supplying a working medium to the working space for moving the piston, wherein the working medium partially consists of a vapor or gaseous fluid supplied and partly from a liquid supplied fluid.

According to the invention, the vapor or gaseous fluid supplied and the fluid supplied from essentially or exactly the same chemical composition or the same substance, in particular H ₂ O.

This is advantageous because the working fluid is reusable as a circulating or recyclable medium, in particular non-inflammatory medium. The use of water, among others, has the advantages of being cheap, non-toxic, available and controllable.

Furthermore, the device has at least one or exactly one discharge device coupled to the working space for discharging the working fluid from the working space, wherein it is also conceivable that one or more discharge devices are formed in the housing running surface.

Thus, the vapor or gaseous feedable fluid and the fluid can be fed to form the working fluid at the same time and / or time-shifted fed to the working fluid. It is particularly advantageous that the injection of the water regardless of the angle of rotation of the piston or the rotor shaft and independently of the supply of gaseous or vaporous fluid or the steam filling according to a selectable control function is feasible such that the introduction or injection of the liquid fluid , In particular, a water injection, coincident with the steam inlet in time or can also take place with a time delay, so that both components introduced into the machine together give a thermodynamic optimum for the respective operating point. Thus, injection is preferred after a time function, i. H. regardless of the speed of the output shaft, feasible. According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vapor or gaseous fluid supplied as well as the liquid supplied fluid via a common supply element of the feeder substantially in the region of a top dead center in the working space can be introduced.

The wall opening may in this case be designed to be closable, wherein it is also conceivable that in the channel a valve device for limiting a fluid communication is formed. Preferably, close to the wall opening or the channel to a first sub-feeder for supplying the vaporous or gaseous fluid and on the other hand, a second sub-feed device for supplying the liquid fluid. The feed device or the second sub-feed device preferably has an injector for feeding liquid media into the radial housing running surface in the area of top dead center of the machine.

Particularly preferably, the feed device and the discharge device, d. H. the steam inlet and / or liquid inlet in the radial housing run-surface of the machine and the outlet are arranged such that a short-circuit flow between the two devices, i. H. the inlet and the outlet, is prevented.

This is advantageous since the injection of the liquid fluid is effected by means of a feed device, in particular a channel, through which the vaporous or gaseous fluid, in particular steam, is guided into the machine or can be guided. A variety of different feeders or openings or entry points in the working space is thereby prevented, whereby fewer processing steps in the manufacture of the device are required and an advantageous control of the supply of the liquid fluid is made possible.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an evaporator for providing the vaporous or gaseous fluid by evaporating a starting fluid storable in a reservoir, and the liquid fluid is obtainable by heating the fluid storable in the reservoir and pressurizing the heated fluid, wherein for heating at least one heating device and at least one pressure generator are provided for pressurizing. The liquid fluid is preferably subjected to a pressure of less than 1500 bar and particularly preferably to a pressure of less than 1000 bar or less than 750 bar or less than 500 bar.

This embodiment is advantageous because the steam generation or as a heater any heat sources, such. As geothermal, electric heaters, solar energy, waste heat or heat generated by combustion processes can be used. The device can thus be widely used for energy conversion, as well as in chemical or pharmaceutical process engineering.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first pump means and a second pump means are provided for pressurizing the liquid fluid, wherein the first pump means is a feed pump, which also supplies the steam generator, and the pressure generator is designed as the second pump means.

A pressure build-up for the introduction of the liquid fluid into the working space is thus preferably in two stages. Preferably, therefore, a line connection is formed, which connects the memory or the memory device or the common fluid reservoir with the supply device and in the course in the fluid transport direction first the first pump device and then the second pump device is arranged. It is conceivable that other facilities, such. B. other pumping devices, valve devices, temperature control devices, in particular heaters and / or cooling devices, nozzles, compressors, etc. are provided in the line or are coupled to the line.

In other words, the pressure build-up preferably takes place in such a two-stage manner for the hot water injection that the water to be injected is removed after the feed pump or boiler feed pump of the steam generator and fed to a further pump, which preferably operates as a constant-pressure pump with a bypass control.

For introducing the liquid fluid into the working space, it is particularly preferable for the liquid fluid to be acted upon by a pressure which is greater than the pressure of the gaseous or vaporous fluid.

This embodiment is advantageous since the injection of the hot water under high pressure through the second pump device, which is preferably followed by a valve device in a bypass circuit, takes place in such a way that a constant pressure is always applied to the heating device.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a control device is provided for controlling the provision of the liquid fluid and / or the provision of the vaporous fluid.

By means of the control device is or are in particular the injector, one or both pump means, the steam generator and / or the inlet member controllable. Furthermore, it is conceivable that a display device is provided, by means of which an operator current, past and / or predicted conditions, in particular with regard to the pressures, temperatures, torques, the liquid level, etc. can be displayed.

This embodiment is advantageous because the water injection preferably after a Control function, at a certain angle to top dead center, but also independent of the engine speed and regardless of the filling of the machine with steam or gas from the steam generator is effected.

This embodiment is also advantageous, since it is conceivable that the device or the system dispensed with steam from the steam generator and works with "lost water" because of previous work cycles is still vapors in the workrooms. Accordingly, it is conceivable that a steam or gas supply to the working space is dependent on the condition present in the working space controllable. For this purpose, sensor devices are preferably provided and / or control routines can be predetermined which indirectly and / or directly provide for determining or taking into account the vapor in the working space.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a further feed device for supplying a further fluid or an additional fluid to the working space is coupled to the discharge device, wherein the additional fluid has a temperature which is lower than the temperature of the working medium.

Preferably, the temperature and / or the pressure of the working medium is reduced in a portion of the working space in which the working medium is relaxed relative to another portion of the working space, compared to the state in the other portion of the working space or the working portion. Specifically, therefore, at least one further injector is preferably arranged at this outlet, which injects cold water into the condensation space, in particular on the underside of the piston, whereby the generation of a low pressure, i. H. a pressure reduction, is effected.

It is conceivable that the further feeding device can also be arranged in the region of the discharge device or the discharge device and the further supply device are spatially separated from one another, wherein the discharge device and the further supply device are preferably coupled to the working space via a wall part delimiting the working space. Particularly preferably, the discharge device and the supply device at least in sections a common opening portion in the wall bounding the working space, a common line section and / or a common housing section.

Preferably, the outlet of the condensate or of the remaining vapor (vapor, vapor) takes place after expansion through a radial and / or lateral opening, d. H. Discharge device, in the housing contact surface.

In accordance with a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the further fluid can likewise be removed from the reservoir and can be temperature-controlled by means of at least one tempering device before it is fed to the working space.

In this case, the tempering device is preferably designed as a pure cooling device, a pure heating device or as a combined cooling / heating device. It is conceivable that exactly one such tempering device or a plurality of identical, partially identical or different tempering devices is provided. It is also conceivable here that any tempering device can be designed as a heat exchanger.

This embodiment is advantageous because by supplying the cooled working medium back into the working space, in particular in the area in which the working medium is relaxed, a cooling of the working medium already in the working space and as a result of the cooling, a further pressure reduction can be effected. The pressure reduction causes the working fluid to be present with a greater pressure difference in the areas delimited by the piston. This means that in the area, in particular a first working area, in which the feed device extends, a greater pressure prevails or can be generated than in the area, in particular a second working area, of the working space into which the discharge device extends or in it is formed and in which the working medium is relaxed or at least partially relaxed.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the further fluid is continuously supplied to the working space. Preferably, the further fluid has the same composition as the working fluid, but is particularly preferably present in liquid form at least prior to introduction into the working space.

This embodiment is advantageous since continuous control or provision of the further fluid in the working space is simple in terms of control technology and thus can be implemented with little effort and safely.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the working space has a trochoidal contour.

This embodiment is advantageous because devices for converting thermal energy into kinetic energy, in particular rotary piston machines, with such a trained Wall contour allow an extremely good efficiency.

Furthermore, it is conceivable that the vaporous or gaseous water and the liquid water can be supplied to the working space by means of different feed devices. Thus, it is conceivable that a plurality of feed devices, in particular a plurality of feed devices for supplying in each case the vaporous water and / or the liquid water, are provided.

It is thus in the present invention particularly preferably a rotary piston engines of the subgroup rotary piston design with a Trochoiden contour of the housing, the Flashverdampfung allow by means of water injection, the rotary engine preferably with a hot water injection into the expansion space or working space, particularly preferably via the radial Housing running surface, and is equipped with a further preferred Kaltwassereindüsung in the condensation chamber or in the second working area of the working space inside.

The above object is also achieved by a method of converting thermal energy into kinetic energy according to the subject-matter of claim 10.

This method comprises at least the steps of supplying a working medium, in particular by means of a feed, into a working space for moving a piston arranged therein, wherein the working medium consists partly of a vapor-supplied fluid and partly of a liquid-fed fluid, and of the discharge of the working medium a discharge from the work space.

The two components forming the working medium, namely the vaporous or gaseous fluid and the liquid fluid, are particularly preferably supplied to the working space by a common feed device, in particular a common feed channel, a common feed opening or a plurality of common feed openings, etc.

It should be noted that the subject matter of the pamphlets WO 2008/065017 A1 (International file number: PCT / EP2007 / 062488 ) and WO 2012/035091 A2 (International file number: PCT / EP2011 / 065985 ) by reference in its entirety, in particular for the purpose of elaboration and explanation of the specific mode of operation of the disclosed rotary piston engine with a double-sided piston and a single-arched trochoidal tread, are added to the disclosure content of the present patent application.

Further advantages, objects and features of the present invention are explained with reference to the following description of the appended FIGURE, in which an example of an apparatus for converting thermal energy into kinetic energy or its components is shown. Components of the device for converting thermal energy into kinetic energy, which in the figure at least substantially coincide with regard to their function, can hereby be identified by the same reference symbols.

1 shows the device according to the invention 100 in a schematic representation. In the steam generator 10 a fluid, in particular water, is converted into steam or gas and via the inlet member 8th , which may be formed as a valve device, in the working space 120 the device 100 or the machine 1 depending on the position of the piston 2 directed. The expanding steam moves the piston 2 , in particular a two-cornered flask 2 , and drives the output shaft 3 from which the recovered mechanical power is dissipated. This process takes place in a time window that depends on the geometric dimensions of the components involved, in particular the piston 2 and the output shaft 3 , and the speed of the machine 1 , in particular a rotary piston engine with a einbogigen Trochoide, is dependent. Parallel to this process is through the injector 7 , in particular a nozzle 7 , Heated liquid fluid, in particular water, under a preferably higher pressure than the vapor pressure of the vaporous or gaseous fluid in the feeder 110 , in particular the inlet channel 9 , wherein the fluid is immediately or substantially immediately converted to steam due to a consequent pressure drop and into the engine 1 , especially in the workroom 120 , is integrated into the expansion process.

The injection of the hot water under high pressure is performed by the second pump means 190 or the pressure pump 4 prepared for the water flash evaporation, which is a shut-off valve 5 for a bypass control preferred in a bypass circuit 130 is downstream, so that at the temperature control 160 or the heater 6 preferably always a constant pressure is present. The water injection takes place in a common radial inlet channel 9 , which is particularly preferred in the radial tread of the rotary piston engine 1 empties. The second pump device 190 , which is preferred as a pressure generating device 170 is formed, is preferably a first pump device 180 , which is particularly preferred as a storage pump 11 is formed in the fluid transport path of a storage device 150 towards the first work area 121 upstream.

The device according to the invention 1 or the work space 120 is tempered by a further temperature control means, not shown, in particular, in the housing of the device according to the invention according to an embodiment, not shown, a heater 6 . 160 integrated, which has the temperature level of the housing substantially, which should satisfy the flash process. Ultimately, the pressure level of the liquid medium is decisive for the enthalpy when the temperature corresponds to that of the vapor.

The heater 6 Thermal energy is supplied to the water, which is supplied in any manner, for example by external firing, by electrical, solar thermal, geothermal or other heating. This energy leads into the channel after injection 9 or in the feeder 110 for preferably spontaneous phase transformation of the water into steam, in the first working range 121 of the workroom 120 the machine 1 work is relaxed.

In support of the expansion will be in the below the piston 2 located second work area 122 the workroom 120 cold water by means of at least or exactly one injector 15 injected, with the effect of lowering the pressure and thus increasing the torque acting on the output shaft 3 the machine 1 ,

That on the underside of the piston or in the second working area 122 or in the area of an outlet 140 by the expansion resulting condensate or partially liquid water or vapor is from the outlet 140 , in particular a media outlet 13 , preferably via a condensate line 14 a recording room 150 , in particular the collection tank 12 , fed.

From the collection tank 12 for receiving condensed fluid, in particular condensate water, removes a further pump device 16 Water and leads it to the injector 15 or the further feeder 200 to, with the water preferably previously in the cooler 17 or by means of a tempering device 210 was cooled. As a result of the operation of the machine 1 The injection of cold water can also be done as a continuous injection. By the reference numeral 18 a control unit is identified, which preferably the injector 7 controls. However, it is also conceivable that the control unit 7 also or alternatively, among other things, the inlet member 8th and / or the injector 15 controls.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

machine

2

piston

3

output shaft

4

pressure pump

5

regulating valve

6

heaters

7

injector

8th

inlet element

9

Channel for the media inlet

10

steam generator

11

feed pump

12

collection tank

13

media outlet

14

condensate line

15

Cold water injector

16

Cold water pump

17

water cooler

18

control unit

100

contraption

110

feeding

120

working space

121

First work area

122

Second work area

130

bypass circuit

140

removal device

150

memory device

160

heater

170

Pressure generator

180

First pump device

190

Second pump device

200

Further feeder

210

tempering

OT

Top Dead Center

UT

Bottom dead center

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 1954916 B1 [0003]
• WO 2008/065017 A1 [0040]
• EP 2007/062488 [0040]
• WO 2012/035091 A2 [0040]
• EP 2011/065985 [0040]

Claims (9)

Rotary piston device ( 100 ), at least comprising a workspace ( 120 ) with a piston element movably arranged therein ( 2 ), one with the work space ( 120 ) coupled feeder ( 9 . 110 ) for supplying a working medium to the working space ( 120 ) for moving the piston element ( 2 ), wherein the working medium partially from a vapor or gaseous fluid supplied and partly from a liquid supplied fluid, wherein the vapor or gaseous fluid supplied and the liquid supplied fluid substantially the same chemical composition, in particular H ₂ O, and having a the workspace ( 120 ) coupled discharge device ( 13 . 140 ) for discharging the working fluid from the working space ( 120 ). Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the vapor or gaseous supplied fluid and the liquid supplied fluid via a common feed element ( 9 ) of the feeder ( 110 ) substantially in the region of a top dead center (TDC) in the working space ( 120 ) can be introduced. Apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that a steam generator ( 10 ) for providing the vaporous or gaseous fluid by evaporation of a fluid in a storage device ( 12 . 150 ) vorhaltbaren output fluid is provided and the liquid fluid by heating the in the memory device ( 12 . 150 ) fluid and by pressurizing the heated fluid is provided, wherein for heating at least one heating device ( 6 . 160 ) and for pressurizing at least one pressure generating device ( 4 . 170 ) are provided. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that a first pump device ( 11 . 180 ) and a second pump device ( 4 . 170 . 190 ) are provided for pressurizing the liquid fluid, wherein the first pump device ( 11 . 180 ) a feed pump ( 11 ), which is also the steam generator ( 10 ), and the pressure generating device ( 4 . 170 . 190 ) as the second pump device ( 190 ) is trained. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a control device ( 18 ) is provided for arbitrarily controlling the provision of the liquid fluid and / or the provision of the vaporous fluid. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that with the discharge device ( 13 . 140 ) another feeding device ( 15 . 200 ) for supplying an additional fluid to the working space ( 120 ), wherein the additional fluid has a temperature which is lower than the temperature of the working medium ( 120 ). Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the additional fluid also from the storage device ( 12 . 150 ) can be removed and by means of at least one tempering device ( 17 . 210 ) before the supply to the working space ( 120 ) is temperature controlled. Apparatus according to claim 6 or claim 7, characterized in that the additional fluid to the working space ( 120 ) is continuously fed. Method for operating a rotary piston device, in particular for use in a device according to one of claims 1 to 8, comprising at least the steps of: supplying a working medium by means of a feed device ( 9 . 110 ) in a workroom ( 120 ) for moving a piston element ( 2 ), wherein the working medium partially consists of a vapor-supplied fluid and partly of a liquid-supplied fluid, wherein the vapor or gaseous fluid supplied and the liquid supplied fluid substantially the same chemical composition, in particular H ₂ O, and discharging the working medium via a Discharge device ( 13 . 140 ) from the workroom ( 120 ).

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