DE102012005529A1 - Drive has shaft mounted in housing by two bearings, where outer ring of former bearing is pressed from ring part that is pressurized by compression force in axial direction, particularly shaft axial direction of shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

The drive has a shaft (7) which is mounted in a housing by two bearings, where the former bearing is covered by a bearing cover (1) that is screw connected with the housing. An outer ring (4) of the former bearing is pressed from a ring part (3) that is pressurized by compression force in axial direction, particularly shaft axial direction of the shaft. A spring portion (2) is supported at the bearing cover, particularly at multiple inner sections of the bearing cover. The ring part is arranged movable between the bearing cover and the outer ring of the former bearing, and an axial movement is assigned to the ring part.

Description

The invention relates to a drive with a shaft.

It is well known that shafts are stored in housings by means of bearings. It is also well known that in an angular bearing the forces acting in the normal direction on the conical region, ie pressure cone, in particular according to an "inclined plane", have an axial resultant which is directed counter to the direction towards the cone tip.

The invention is therefore based on the object to increase the service life of a drive and thus to reduce the consumption of resources, ie to protect the environment.

According to the invention the object is achieved in the drive according to the features indicated in claim 1.

Important features of the invention in the drive are that it is provided with a shaft which is mounted in a housing by means of a first bearing and a second bearing,
wherein the first bearing is covered by a bearing cover which is connected to the housing, in particular screw-connected, and in particular is surrounded at least partially by a housing,
wherein the outer ring of the first bearing is acted upon and / or pressed by a spring element acted upon by at least one spring part in the axial direction, in particular shaft axis direction of the shaft
wherein the one or more spring parts are or are supported on the bearing cap, in particular on one or more inner surface portions of the bearing cap,
wherein the ring member between the bearing cap and the outer ring of the first bearing is movably disposed and / or the ring member is associated with an axial play s.

The advantage here is that thermally induced expansions are compensated and thus tension and thereby caused signs of wear can be prevented or at least minimized. In particular, the bearings are protected by a substantially predeterminable amount of pressure force can be provided by the spring parts. Even with a changed temperature within a designated range, a load on the bearing is prevented by excessive axial pressure.

For this purpose, an axial pressing of a tapered roller bearing is carried out according to the invention against a shaft shoulder. Since an angular contact bearing or a tapered roller bearing generates axial force anyway due to its "inclined plane", pressing on it with spring parts at first sight seems to be an additional expense. However, the advantage of the invention comes about by the axial play of the pressing ring part, because the game makes large thermal expansions compensated. By means of the spring parts, therefore, an increased temperature range for operation, in particular continuous operation, is made possible under permissible loading of the rolling bearing parts.

In an advantageous embodiment, the shaft is a hollow shaft, which can be flowed through by a medium, in particular by a liquid and / or gaseous medium. The advantage here is that the medium may have different temperatures compared to the lubricating oil of the transmission. Nevertheless, the associated thermal changes in length are compensated. A radial expansion is compensated by axial displacement of the ring member by means of the "inclined plane" of the angular bearing.

In an advantageous embodiment, the axial play s is less than 0.0025 · a or less than 0.04 · a, where a is the distance of the first to the second bearing. The advantage here is that even at long distances, a thermally induced expansion of the shaft is compensated.

In an advantageous embodiment, the first and / or the second bearing is a roller bearing, in particular an angular contact bearing, in particular a tapered roller bearing. The advantage here is that inexpensive bearings are used.

In an advantageous embodiment of the outer ring of the first bearing is acted upon by the spring parts acted upon by spring force with ring member axially and / or pressed,
wherein the spring parts are equally spaced circumferentially,
in particular, wherein the number of spring parts is greater than the number of rolling bearing parts of the first bearing. The advantage here is that the ring part remains particularly well aligned and high spring forces can be generated.

In an advantageous embodiment, the bearing cap has bores for receiving a respective spring part. The advantage here is that the spring force is generated at Schraubverbinden the bearing cap with the housing. Thus, the bearings are pressed against the shaft shoulders when mounting the bearing cap.

In an advantageous embodiment of the inner ring of the first bearing is located on a shaft shoulder of the shaft. The advantage here is that the spring force can be forwarded via the shaft to the other shaft shoulder and there again herausleitbar to the second camp.

In an advantageous embodiment, the inner ring of the second bearing abuts against a further shaft shoulder of the shaft,
wherein the outer diameter of the shaft increases in the axial direction in the region of the first shaft shoulder and decreases in the region of the second shaft in the axial direction,

In an advantageous embodiment of the outer ring of the second bearing is applied to the housing, in particular is pressed against a bearing cap of the housing. The advantage here is that the pressure cone of the first and second bearings are directed opposite to each other and thus a more stable axial positioning of the shaft in the housing can be achieved.

In an advantageous embodiment, the first and the second bearing have pressure cones directed in such a way that the two bearings form a tandem arrangement or an X arrangement. The advantage here is that a stable axial positioning and alignment of the shaft is made possible in the housing.

In an advantageous embodiment of the inner ring of the first bearing is located on a shaft shoulder of the shaft. The advantage here is that a pressing is executable without any special effort.

In an advantageous embodiment, the outer ring of the first bearing is axially bounded by the annular part and / or the radial outer surface of the outer ring is spaced from the housing,
in particular wherein the outer diameter of the shaft increases in the axial direction in the region of the first shaft shoulder and decreases in the region of the second shaft in the axial direction. The advantage here is that the game between the housing and the radial outer surface prevents friction or at least reduced. In addition, the axially opposite executed shaft shoulders allow easy pressing and axial positioning of the shaft in the housing.

In an advantageous embodiment, the shaft is rotatably connected to a stirrer or with a stirrer. The advantage here is that a medium can be fed during stirring by the shaft designed as a hollow shaft. Thus, the stirring region is executed sealed, with only the hollow shaft provides a passage or inlet for the medium to be stirred. Thus, the medium is even coaxial with the stirrer insertable.

In an advantageous embodiment, a torque arm is arranged on the housing, in particular which has two rotary joints, in particular whose directions of rotation are arranged in parallel. The advantage here is that the inclination of the mounting plane of the torque arm in the system in the direction of rotation within the rotation angle range of the hinges is arbitrary selectable. However, the fastening plane is predetermined in the direction of rotation of the rotary joints. Preferably, a length-adjustable telescopic arm, so that the distance between the hinges is adaptable to the respective system in which the drive is installed between the hinges.

In an advantageous embodiment, a motor is connected to a driving shaft of the transmission, wherein the motor housing is connected to the transmission housing and held by this. The advantage here is that the engine does not require a separate torque arm and no other support its weight.

In an advantageous embodiment, the spring parts on ring springs, disc springs or spring packs. The advantage here is that inexpensive spring parts are providable, which can be introduced into recesses of the bearing cap.

In an advantageous embodiment, the second bearing is covered by a bearing cap of the housing, wherein the. Bearing cap is screw-connected to the rest of the housing. In one-piece design of the bearing cap with the rest of the housing is advantageous that no separate bearing cap must be provided. In particular, an assembly of the first and second bearing is then possible coming from the same side. It is particularly possible that the second bearing is first inserted into the corresponding bearing receptacle and then the first bearing in its corresponding bearing receptacle in the housing.

Further advantages emerge from the subclaims. The invention is not limited to the combination of features of the claims. For the skilled person, further meaningful combination options of claims and / or individual claim features and / or features of the description and / or figures, in particular from the task and / or the task posing by comparison with the prior art arise.

The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to figures:

In the 2 is a schematic structure of an inventive arrangement shown in an oblique view.

In the 1 an associated cross-section through the transmission of the arrangement is shown.

As shown in the figures, is an electric motor 24 with the driving shaft of a gearbox is connected, on which a Verzahnteil is arranged, which is in engagement with a Verzahnteil, which is arranged on an intermediate shaft. The first gear stage thus formed follow further stages with corresponding intermediate shafts and toothing parts. The respective intermediate shaft is by means of respective bearing in the housing 20 stored the transmission. The bearings are covered on one side of the transmission by means of a bearing cover, the surveys associated with the respective bearing ( 21 . 22 . 23 ) having.

The output shaft of the transmission is designed as a hollow shaft. The hollow shaft is flowed through by a medium, in particular gas or liquid. This increases a medium which has a higher temperature than the output shaft 7 also their temperature and also the temperature of this wave 7 in heat-conducting contact parts, in particular bearings.

The output shaft is in the housing 20 the gearbox mounted by means of a first and a second bearing. Both bearings are designed as rolling bearings.

The second camp is in 1 shown below and designed as a tapered roller bearing. The bearing inner ring is limited by a shaft shoulder and the bearing outer ring on the housing 20 established.

The first camp is in 1 shown above and is from a bearing cap 1 covered.

Here is the inner ring 6 also against a wave shoulder. Between the outer ring 4 and the inner ring 6 of the first bearing rolling bearing parts, in particular tapered rollers are arranged.

The outer ring 4 of the first bearing is via a ring part 3 of feather parts 2 in the axial direction, ie in the direction of the shaft shoulder, pressed. Here is the ring part 3 on the inner ring 6 and / or side of the outer ring facing away from the shaft shoulder 4 arranged and is on the axial end face of the outer ring 4 pressed. The on the ring part 3 pressing spring parts 2 , in particular disc springs, ring springs, cup spring packs, ring spring packages or other spring assemblies, based on the bearing cap 1 which in turn is screw connected to the housing.

The spring parts 2 are arranged at the same radial distance and / or regularly spaced from each other in the circumferential direction. The number of spring elements is preferably between 20 and 40. Particularly preferably, the number of spring elements corresponds to the number of rolling bearing parts 5 , in particular tapered rollers, of the first bearing.

The ring part 2 has such an axial width that an axial clearance s on between the direct concern with the bearing cap 1 and the direct concern with the outer ring 4 the first bearing is present, however, the spring parts 2 the ring part 3 against the outer ring 4 to press.

By means of the spring parts 2 So will the ring part 3 against the outer ring 4 pressed the first bearing, which in turn from the spring parts 2 generated compressive force on the rolling bearing part 5 to the inner ring 6 passes. The inner ring 6 presses in the axial direction on the shaft shoulder of the hollow shaft 7 so that these with their further shaft shoulder against the inner ring 8th the further camp presses. This inner ring 8th thus pushes over the rolling bearing part 9 on the outer ring 10 who is against the case 20 suppressed.

When thermally induced expansion, in particular in the axial direction, the length of the hollow shaft grows 7 at. Thus, the distance between the two shaft shoulders to each other is greater. This also makes the game s for the ring part 3 smaller. Because the distance between the bearing cap 1 and the bearing outer ring 4 sinks. In this way, although the elastic deflection of the spring parts 2 reduced, but these are dimensioned so that the spring force generated is still large enough to overcome the existing static friction and the ring member 3 to the outer ring 4 to press.

Preferably, between the radial outer surface of the ring member 3 and the surrounding area of the housing 20 arranged an air gap, so that the static friction is reduced or even avoided altogether.

The game s is for example between 1 millimeter and 2 millimeters, wherein the outer diameter d of the hollow shaft 7 between 100 millimeters and 200 millimeters. The ratio s / d is thus preferably selected from the range between 0.005 and 0.02.

The distance a between the two bearings is preferably between d and 2 · d, so that the ratio a / d is preferably in the range between 1 and 2.

In other embodiments of the invention, the ratio s / a is selected in the range between 0.0025 and 0.04.

The gearbox is over the torque arm 25 supported for the derivation of torque to the surrounding system parts. The torque arm has joints, so that with the torque arm 25 Connected surface of the plant part must not have a fixed predetermined angle to the gear housing surface but a slope from a predetermined range.

The driving hollow shaft 7 is rotatably connected to a stirrer or agitator, so that a medium to be stirred is movable. The area of the agitator is hermetically lockable and through the hollow shaft 7 the warmed up medium can be fed to the stirring area. As through the hollow shaft 7 feasible medium, in particular an aqueous and / or oil-containing solution can be used.

The transmission is advantageous with its hollow shaft 7 on a solid shaft of the driven device, in particular agitator, attachable. Thus, the gearbox including the engine is held on the solid shaft. To prevent the rotational movement during operation, the torque arm is provided and connected to the system.

The weight of the geared motor causes over the oblique rolling elements axially directed forces, which counteract the spring forces. Since the final stage of the transmission is designed with helical spur gears, during operation, a further axial component acts on the hollow shaft 7 , wherein the direction of force is directed against the spring force.

In the exemplary embodiment, for example, 28 spring parts are used, wherein only 20 rolling elements are arranged in the first bearing. In this way, a high spring force can be generated, which also compensates for the axial force generated by the weight and the gear stage. In addition, a uniform pressing of the outer ring of the first bearing is made possible because of the many spring elements, the force distribution in the ring member 3 becomes very even. In particular, it is important that the number of spring elements significantly exceeds the number of rolling elements.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

bearing cap

2

Spring part, in particular spring package

3

ring part

4

outer ring

5

Rolling bearing part, in particular tapered roller

6

inner ring

7

hollow shaft

8th

inner ring

9

Rolling bearing part, in particular tapered roller

10

outer ring

20

casing

21

Survey of bearing cover

22

Survey of bearing cover

23

Survey of bearing cover

24

electric motor

25

torque arm

S

Game in the axial direction

Claims (15)

Drive with a shaft which is mounted by means of a first bearing and a second bearing in a housing, wherein the first bearing is covered by a connected to the housing, in particular screw-connected, bearing cover, in particular at least partially surrounded housing forming, characterized in that the Outer ring of the first bearing of one of at least one spring member acted upon by spring force ring member in the axial direction, in particular shaft axial direction of the shaft, is applied and / or pressed, wherein the one or more spring parts on the bearing cap, in particular on one or more inner surface portions of the bearing cap, is supported or are, wherein the ring member between the bearing cap and the outer ring of the first bearing is movably disposed and / or the ring member is associated with an axial play s. Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shaft is a hollow shaft through which a medium can flow, in particular of a liquid and / or gaseous medium. Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and / or the second bearing is a roller bearing, in particular an angular contact bearing, in particular a tapered roller bearing. Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer ring of the first bearing is acted upon and / or pressed axially by the spring part acted upon by spring parts annular part wherein the spring parts are equally spaced circumferentially, in particular, wherein the number of spring parts is greater than the number of rolling bearing parts of the first bearing. Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axial play s is less than 0.0025 · a or less than 0.04 · a, where a is the distance of the first to the second bearing and / or that the bearing cap has bores for receiving a respective spring part. Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner ring of the first bearing rests against a shaft shoulder of the shaft. Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner ring of the second bearing bears against a further shaft shoulder of the shaft, wherein the outer diameter of the shaft increases in the axial direction in the region of the first shaft shoulder and decreases in the region of the second shaft in the axial direction, and / or that the outer ring of the second bearing bears against the housing, in particular is pressed against a bearing cap of the housing. Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and the second bearing have such directed pressure cone, that the two bearings form a tandem arrangement or an O-arrangement. Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner ring of the first bearing bears against a shaft shoulder of the shaft, and / or that the outer ring of the first bearing is axially bounded by the ring part and / or that the radial outer surface of the outer ring is spaced from the housing, in particular wherein the outer diameter of the shaft increases in the axial direction in the region of the first shaft shoulder and decreases in the region of the second shaft in the axial direction. Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shaft is rotatably connected to a stirrer or with an agitator. Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a torque support is arranged on the housing, in particular which has two rotary joints, in particular whose directions of rotation are arranged in parallel. Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a motor is connected to an input shaft of the transmission, the motor housing being connected to and held by the transmission housing, wherein the hollow shaft of the transmission is mounted on a solid shaft of a device to be driven by the drive. Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring parts have ring springs, disc springs or spring assemblies. Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the resultant of the pressure cone force of the first bearing is directed against the direction of the spring force generated by the spring part or parts, in particular perpendicular to the direction of gravity, and / or that the resultant of the pressure cone force of the second bearing is directed against the direction of the spring force generated by the one or more spring parts, in particular also perpendicular to the direction of gravity. Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second bearing is covered by the housing.

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