DE102011107431A1 - Apparatus for plasma treatment of glass grain and granular electronic waste, has fixed vacuum tube that is extended into rotating tube in which granular material supplied is processed with ionized gas due to flow of countercurrent - Google Patents

Apparatus for plasma treatment of glass grain and granular electronic waste, has fixed vacuum tube that is extended into rotating tube in which granular material supplied is processed with ionized gas due to flow of countercurrent Download PDF

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DE102011107431A1
DE102011107431A1 DE201110107431 DE102011107431A DE102011107431A1 DE 102011107431 A1 DE102011107431 A1 DE 102011107431A1 DE 201110107431 DE201110107431 DE 201110107431 DE 102011107431 A DE102011107431 A DE 102011107431A DE 102011107431 A1 DE102011107431 A1 DE 102011107431A1
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tube
plasma
vacuum
granular
granular material
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Anmelder Gleich
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
    • H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
    • H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
    • H01J37/32082—Radio frequency generated discharge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/28—Moving reactors, e.g. rotary drums
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B4/00—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B4/00—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys
    • C22B4/08—Apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/001—Dry processes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/085—High-temperature heating means, e.g. plasma, for partly melting the waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/20—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having rotating or oscillating drums
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/003—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for used articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J2219/0873—Materials to be treated
    • B01J2219/0879—Solid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J2219/0894—Processes carried out in the presence of a plasma
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/18—Details relating to the spatial orientation of the reactor
    • B01J2219/187—Details relating to the spatial orientation of the reactor inclined at an angle to the horizontal or to the vertical plane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/20—Rotary drum furnace
    • F23G2203/208—Rotary drum furnace with interior agitating members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/20—Rotary drum furnace
    • F23G2203/209—Rotary drum furnace with variable inclination of rotation axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2204/00—Supplementary heating arrangements
    • F23G2204/20—Supplementary heating arrangements using electric energy
    • F23G2204/201—Plasma
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G2205/18—Waste feed arrangements using airlock systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)

Abstract

The apparatus performs recycling process of photovoltaic panels with glass as a main component. The recovery of environmentally critical and/or valuable materials from granular electronic waste is performed by using plasma gas. An outer surface of a fixed vacuum tube is extended into a rotating tube (2) in which granular material supplied from a rotary tube is processed with ionized gas due to flow of countercurrent, to form radicals. The processed material is separated by a vacuum infiltration structure, without interrupting the process vacuum.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Plasmabehandlung von körnigem Material, insbesonders solchem, was nach dem Zerkleinern beim Recycling von Photovoltaik-Paneelen mit Glas als Hauptbestandteil und beim Recycling von zerkleinertem Elektronikschrott anfällt, dienend zur Rückgewinnung von umweltkritischen und/oder wertvollen Materialien auf und zwischen den Abdeckgläsern der Paneele und im Elektronikschrott.The invention relates to a device for the plasma treatment of granular material, in particular, which is obtained after crushing the recycling of photovoltaic panels with glass as the main component and recycling of shredded electronic waste, serving for the recovery of environmentally critical and / or valuable materials on and between the Cover glass of the panels and electronic waste.

Die aus DE 44 23 471A1 bekannte Vorrichtung benutzt ein Drehrohr, bei dem die Niederfrequenz-, Hochfrequenz-, bzw. Mikrowelleneinspeisung über eingehängte Elektroden bzw. für die Mikrowelleneinspeisung geeignete dielektrische Fenster erfolgt und die taktmäßige, quasi-kontinuierliche Materialeingabe und Materialausgabe bei vorher festgelegten Teilschritten der Drehung erfolgt. Die mikrowellendichte Kapselung der auf das Drehrohr aufgesetzen GHz-Quelle und die Materialeinschleusung im drehenden Rohr wird hier jedoch mit größerem, für industriellen Einsatz notwendigem Durchmesser des Drehrohrs problematisch, die unter anderem vorgeschlagene Entleerung mittels Absaugen des Materials erscheint eher nicht praktikabel (Vakuum gegen Vakuum)From DE 44 23 471A1 Known device uses a rotary tube, in which the low-frequency, high-frequency, or microwave feed via hinged electrodes or microwave feed suitable for the dielectric window and the cyclic, quasi-continuous material input and material output takes place at predetermined increments of rotation. The microwave-tight encapsulation of the set on the rotary tube GHz source and the material injection in the rotating tube is here, however, problematic with larger, necessary for industrial use diameter of the rotary tube, the proposed inter alia, emptying by suction of the material seems rather impractical (vacuum against vacuum)

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Plasmabehandlung der o. g. Glaskörner und des körnigen Elektronikschrotts mit einem hohen Durchsatz und einfacher, für Massengut geeigneter Bauweise und mit industriell bewährten Komponenten und Materialien zu ermöglichen. Alle schwierig zu realisierende und wartungsintensive Drehdurchführungen sollen weitgehend vermieden werden.The invention is based on the object, the plasma treatment of o. G. Glass granules and the granular electronic scrap with a high throughput and simple, suitable for bulk material construction and with industrially proven components and materials to enable. All difficult to implement and maintenance-intensive rotary feedthroughs should be largely avoided.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass innerhalb einer rohrförmigen, bis auf die eingabenseitige Höhenjustierung fest montierten Vakuumkammer aus Stahl (1) ein beidseitig offenes Drehrohr (2) aus Stahl oder Aluminium mit innenliegender angehefteter Förderspirale (3) auf entsprechenden Lagern angeordnet wird. Die Rotation des Drehrohrs kann mittels Welle oder Kettenantrieb bewerkstelligt werden, so dass alleinig diese Antriebswelle eine vakuumdichte Durchführung (4) benötigt.According to the invention the object is achieved in that within a tubular, up to the input side height adjustment permanently mounted vacuum chamber made of steel ( 1 ) a rotary tube open on both sides ( 2 ) made of steel or aluminum with internal attached spiral conveyor ( 3 ) is placed on appropriate bearings. The rotation of the rotary tube can be accomplished by means of shaft or chain drive, so that solely this drive shaft a vacuum-tight implementation ( 4 ) needed.

Eine Strömungsblende am unteren Ende des äußeren Rohrs (5) lenkt den Hauptstrom des Plasmagases in das offene Drehrohr.A flow restriction at the lower end of the outer tube ( 5 ) directs the main flow of the plasma gas into the open rotary tube.

Die Beaufschlagung mit dem reaktiven Plasmagas erfolgt über eine oder mehrere industriell erhältliche Niederfrequenz-, Mittelfrequenz-, Hochfrequenz-, Mikrowellen- oder Hochspannungs-Gleichstrom-ETP-Quellen hoher Leistung (6), welche in die „untere” ausgangsseitige Stirnwand des äußeren Rohres montiert sind. Die Absaugung zur Pumpenöffnung (7) befindet sich in der „oberen”, eingangsseitigen Stirnwand des äußeren Rohres, so dass das Material während seiner Bewegung im Drehrohr dem Reaktivgas im Gegenstrom ausgesetzt ist.Reaction with the reactive plasma gas is via one or more commercially available low frequency, medium frequency, high frequency, microwave or high voltage direct current (ETP) high power sources ( 6 ), which are mounted in the "lower" output-side end wall of the outer tube. The suction to the pump opening ( 7 ) is in the "upper", input-side end wall of the outer tube, so that the material is exposed during its movement in the rotary tube to the reactive gas in countercurrent.

Die taktförmige Ein- und Ausschleusung erfolgt über je ein vakuummäßig getrenntes, horizontal angeordnetes 2-fach vor-zurück oder 3-fach in-line Kammersystem (8) mit Ladegefäßen, die eingangsseitig in die zum Prozess offene Kammer in einen Stutzen geleert bzw. ausgangsseitig (9) über einen Stutzen befüllt werden.The clock-shaped infeed and outfeed takes place via a vacuum-separated, horizontally arranged 2-fold back-to-back or 3-fold in-line chamber system ( 8th ) with loading vessels, the input side emptied into the open to the process chamber in a nozzle or the output side ( 9 ) are filled via a nozzle.

ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature

  • DE 4423471 A1 [0002] DE 4423471 A1 [0002]

Claims (4)

Vorrichtung zur Plasmabehandlung von körnigem Material, insbesondere solchem, was nach dem Zerkleinern bei dem Recycling von Photovoltaik-Paneelen mit Glas als Hauptbestandteil und nach dem Zerkleinern von Elektronikschrott anfällt, dienend zur Rückgewinnung von umweltkritischen und/oder wertvollen Materialien mittels eines Plasmagases, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Plasma stirnseitig aus einem horizontalen äußeren, bis auf eine Höhenverstellung feststehenden Vakuumrohr in ein in diesem Vakuumrohr befindliches beidseitig offenes Rohr einstrahlt und das körnige Material in diesem inneren Rohr im Gegenstrom mit dem ionisierten Gas und den daraus gebildeten gebildeten Radikalen beaufschlagt, wobei das Material taktweise d. h. ohne das Prozessvakuum zu unterbrechen, über eine getrennt mit Vakuumpumpen versorgte Einschleusung ein- und ausgeführt wird.Apparatus for the plasma treatment of granular material, in particular such, which is obtained after crushing in the recycling of photovoltaic panels with glass as a main component and after crushing electronic waste, serving for the recovery of environmentally critical and / or valuable materials by means of a plasma gas, characterized that the plasma from the front side of a horizontal outer, fixed to a height adjustment vacuum tube radiates into a tube located in this vacuum tube open on both sides and the granular material in this inner tube countercurrently charged with the ionized gas and the radicals formed therefrom, wherein the material intermittently, ie without interrupting the process vacuum, is introduced and carried out via a separately supplied with vacuum pumps infiltration. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das innere Rohr als Drehrohr ausgebildet istApparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner tube is designed as a rotary tube Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das äußere Rohr und das innere Rohr aus metallischen Werkstoffen gefertigt sind und die Plasmaquelle bzw. mehrere Plasmaquellen, betrieben mit Niederfrequenz, Mittelfrequenz, Hochfrequenz, Mikrowelle oder Hochspannungs-Gleichstrom stirnseitig in dem Abdeckflansch des äußeren Vakuumrohrs montiert sind.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer tube and the inner tube are made of metallic materials and the plasma source or multiple plasma sources operated at low frequency, medium frequency, high frequency, microwave or high voltage direct current mounted frontally in the cover flange of the outer vacuum tube are. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die eingesetzten Plasmagase als reaktive Hauptbestandteile Halogene, Wasserstoff und Sauerstoff beinhalten und die Gasgemische im Druckbereich zwischen 100 Torr und 50 mTorr in dem Reaktionsraum vorliegen.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the plasma gases used contain as main reactive constituents halogens, hydrogen and oxygen and the gas mixtures are present in the pressure range between 100 Torr and 50 mTorr in the reaction space.
DE201110107431 2011-07-15 2011-07-15 Apparatus for plasma treatment of glass grain and granular electronic waste, has fixed vacuum tube that is extended into rotating tube in which granular material supplied is processed with ionized gas due to flow of countercurrent Withdrawn DE102011107431A1 (en)

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DE201110107431 DE102011107431A1 (en) 2011-07-15 2011-07-15 Apparatus for plasma treatment of glass grain and granular electronic waste, has fixed vacuum tube that is extended into rotating tube in which granular material supplied is processed with ionized gas due to flow of countercurrent

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3643470A1 (en) * 2018-10-26 2020-04-29 Bonetto S.r.l. Apparatus for plasma treatment of granular polymer material

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4423471A1 (en) 1994-07-05 1996-01-11 Buck Chem Tech Werke Device for the plasma treatment of fine-grained goods

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4423471A1 (en) 1994-07-05 1996-01-11 Buck Chem Tech Werke Device for the plasma treatment of fine-grained goods

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3643470A1 (en) * 2018-10-26 2020-04-29 Bonetto S.r.l. Apparatus for plasma treatment of granular polymer material

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Effective date: 20140201