DE102011102904A1 - Brake system, has connecting rods used as drive units and arranged at eccentric cams, where eccentric cams are hinged at pressure plate over drive units under interposition of bearing, and cams, drive units and/or rods are integrally formed - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has electric motors (20) designed as retaining devices, and a shaft (21) arranged at the electric motors. Eccentric cams (22) are provided at the shaft. Connecting rods (32) are used as drive units (30) and arranged at the eccentric cams, where the eccentric cams are hinged at a pressure plate (10) over the drive units under interposition of a bearing e.g. ball bearing. The eccentric cams, drive units and/or the connecting rods are integrally formed. The shaft and/or eccentric cams and/or the pressure plate and/or the drive units are arranged in a housing (19).

Description

The invention relates to a brake system having the features of the preamble of claim 1. Such brakes are widely used, in particular on machines, in transport devices, cranes, in the medical field, on stages and in the most diverse areas in which moving parts have to be braked. It is often problematic to return the pressure plate provided with a part of a friction brake from the braking position back to the ventilation position.

One known possibility is to transfer the brake hydraulically to the ventilation position. However, since nowadays most machines and transport equipment work in a purely electrical way, extra hydraulic equipment, including pipes, pumps, etc., has to be created solely for the release of the brake. This is expensive and expensive.

Another alternative is to use strong electromagnets, which bring the brake back to the ventilation position. Depending on the size of the brake or size of the device to be braked electromagnets must be very strong. It is also difficult if the friction brake wears out over time. Even if the wear is only a few mm, the electromagnet must also bridge this distance, which significantly increases the required forces of the electromagnet. Such electromagnets are very expensive to manufacture, especially with regard to rising raw material prices. Furthermore, they need a lot of energy during operation. Large electromagnets also generate strong fields, so that it can also lead to problems with the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), for example, with operators with cardiac pacemakers etc.

The WO 2009/050086 describes a brake system with a friction brake, an electric actuator and a power storage, which is discharged during the braking process and recharged during the ventilation process. As energy storage is a spring. The electric actuator and the energy storage are connected in series. They do not work independently. Other operating modes are not possible with this system.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a brake system of the type mentioned, in which only small energy-saving and cost-retaining devices are necessary, which can have different operating modes and which is inexpensive to manufacture and good in EMC. This object is solved by the characterizing features of claim 1, which have the following special significance.

The brake system according to the invention operates according to claim 1 as a so-called passive brake, d. h., That alone by the energy stored in the energy storage, the pressure plate in the braking position is movable (emergency braking). Only in a particular embodiment is dispensed with the energy storage and the brake system acts purely active.

As a retaining means serve one or more electric motors, on each of which at least one shaft is arranged. At least one eccentric is located on the shaft, which is articulated to the pressure plate via a hinge means. The pressure plate is halterbar by the function of the electric motors in their ventilation position. However, the electric motors also serve to move the pressure plate from its braking position again in the ventilation direction until the ventilation position is reached. It is particularly advantageous to provide one or more connecting rods as articulation means, which are arranged on the eccentric, wherein the articulation preferably takes place with the interposition of a bearing, such as a ball bearing. By using the eccentric on the shafts results in a good power transmission of the force of the electric motors. As a result, less powerful and therefore low-priced electric motors can be used both during production and during operation. The electric motors can also simply transfer the pressure plate back from its braking position to its ventilation point. This is also possible regardless of the wear of the friction brake. Due to increased wear of the friction brake, the energy required for transferring the pressure plate into the ventilation position does not increase. The use of connecting rods is simple and well-known from other technical fields. They therefore serve as preferred hinge means to realize the articulation between eccentric and pressure plate.

Preferably eccentric and articulation means or connecting rods are integrally formed. This is particularly stable and, moreover, simple and inexpensive to manufacture.

Due to the parallel connection of the energy storage and the eccentric braking is actively supported in a targeted braking. If no emergency braking takes place, then the pressure plate can be transferred into the braking position in addition to the energy applied by the energy store and also by the energy of the electric motors. If the electric motors move the eccentrics so that they move the pressure plate in the braking direction with the interposition of the hinge means, a targeted active braking can be done quickly. As a result, you can shorten the time otherwise available during braking solely by the energy storage dead time significantly.

Furthermore, one can actively control a targeted braking that the pressure plate is movable in the direction of ventilation. This is also accomplished by the electric motors with the interposition of the eccentric and the hinge means. If the pressure plate is moved by the force of the energy storage in the braking direction, the electric motors can easily counteract and burden the pressure plate in the direction of ventilation. As a result, the active braking can be done very soft and wear.

It is particularly advantageous to couple the two elements described above, ie initially to move the pressure plate with the aid of electric motors in the braking direction to shorten the dead time of the energy storage and then when the force of the energy storage act on the pressure plate in the braking direction, the pressure plate Slightly decelerate by the electric motors and a slight load in the direction of ventilation, so that the braking is soft and no loud noises come about.

It is also advantageous to provide as a connection between the shaft and the electric motor planetary gear. These are low-wear and can transfer energy quickly and easily.

Further advantages and embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the following description, the dependent claims, and the drawings. In the figures, the invention is shown in several embodiments. Show it:

1 FIG. 2 a sectional view of a device according to the invention in a first embodiment, FIG.

2 : the device off 1 in side view in section in a first embodiment,

3 : a further embodiment in a view according to 2 .

4 Still another embodiment in a view according to 2 .

5 a further embodiment in a view according to 1 .

6 FIG. 2 shows an embodiment with two braking systems according to the invention in a winding brake, FIG.

7 : a winding brake analogous to 6 , but as a pure active brake.

1 shows a brake system according to the invention with a pressure plate 10 , on which a part of a friction brake 11 , here a disc pack, is arranged. Furthermore, an energy storage 12 provided, which endeavors to the pressure plate 10 in the braking direction 14 to load until the brake position 10.2 is reached. In 1 is the pressure plate 10 in the ventilation position 10.1 shown. Furthermore, there are two waves 21 provided on each of which an eccentric 22 is arranged on the pressure plate 10 is articulated. As a hinge 30 is ever a connecting rod 32 intended. The waves 21 be by electric motors 20 moved so that the eccentric 22 strive to the pressure plate 10 in ventilation direction 15 against the power of the energy store 12 shift, causing the pressure plate 10 in the ventilation position 10.1 remains.

Like on in 1 in the upper area shown eccentric 22 recognizable, is the connection axis 34 between the center 23 of the eccentric 22 and the center 33 the articulation point 35 not perpendicular to the printing plate plane 13 aligned. Preferably, the connection axis moves 34 at an angle of 0 ° to 80 ° to the printing plate plane 13 , This avoids that the eccentric 22 with the hinge means 30 in a situation in which self-locking occurs and where he is not easily by the electric motor 20 can be brought out again. This happens when the connection axis 34 perpendicular to the printing plate plane 13 stands.

The printing plate 10 , the waves 21 , the eccentric 22 as well as the hinge means 30 are in a housing 19 arranged. This makes the whole device very compact and easy to handle. It can also be used in dusty or otherwise polluted environments.

The 2 shows the more detailed structure of the 1 shown braking system. It can be seen that the system has two waves 21 features, which each have two eccentrics 22 exhibit. Each of the waves 21 is with an electric motor 20 driven. This can for example have a planetary gear, which is not shown here. This form of braking system is versatile.

Another embodiment of the braking system shows 3 , Here are the in 2 shown two waves 21 each divided in the middle, giving a total of four waves 21 result. On each of the waves 21 is an eccentric 22 provided and every wave 21 is with its own electric motor 20 driven. If a targeted braking operation is carried out with this braking system, then the braking process by the electric motors 20 be supported in the manner already described. It is particularly advantageous here, the four electric motors 20 out of phase for active brake assistance use, so that the Exenter 22 and thus the hinge means 30 phase-shifted in braking direction 14 are movable, causing the printing plate 10 Performs a kind of wobbling motion during braking. By this wobbling motion, the pressure plate 10 particularly quiet in the braking position 10.2 to be brought. This is particularly important when used in the theater and stage area or in the medical field, for example in operating theaters or examination facilities, important.

4 also shows an embodiment with two waves 21 , to each of which two eccentrics 22 are arranged. However, it is a single electric motor 20 to drive both shafts 21 intended. The rotary motion of the electric motor 20 is via helical gear 24 on the waves 21 transfer. So that the waves 21 move in opposite directions and thereby the eccentric 22 over the hinge means 30 the pressure plate 10 each in the same direction 14 . 15 move is between the drive shaft of the electric motor 29 and the one spur gear 24 a translation 25 intended. This will cause the two waves 21 moved in opposite directions. In this embodiment, it is advantageous that only a single electric motor 20 necessary is.

5 shows an embodiment of the invention similar to 1 , It can be seen that the articulation means 30 at the articulation points 35 with the interposition of bearings 31 are arranged. This brings a particularly low-friction process with it. Furthermore, there is a recess 17 recognizable, which with a thread 16 Is provided. A threaded part 18 , here's a screw, is in the thread 16 einbringbarbar to the pressure plate 10 without the help of electric motors 20 , for example in the event of a power failure in the ventilation direction 15 , to move. Thus, even in an emergency, for example in the event of a power failure, the systems provided with the brake system can still be dismantled or similar work can be carried out. The printing plate 10 can only be a little in the direction of ventilation 15 be moved so that a partially braked movement is possible. Of course you can use the printing plate 10 also completely in ventilation position 10.1 bring.

7 shows an application with two brake systems according to the invention on a winding device. Each brake system has two shafts 21 with respective eccentrics 22 and articulation means 30 which about bearings 31 with the articulation points 35 are connected. The hinge means 30 are, as in the other embodiments, as connecting rods 32 executed. Multiple energy storage 12 are anxious, the two printing plates 10 in the braking direction 14 to push until the brake position 10.2 is made.

7 now shows a last particular embodiment. In contrast to the embodiments shown so far, in which each energy storage 12 were intended to automatically cause a passive braking, ie an emergency braking in case of energy loss, in the in 7 shown embodiment, which also relates to an inventive brake system, dispenses with the passive braking and provided a pure active braking. There are thus no energy storage 12 present in the brake system. By the electric motors not shown here 20 can the waves in question 21 , the eccentric 22 so move that the hinge means 30 the printing plates 10 in braking position 10.2 to press. Of course, then the electric motors 20 with the help of the waves 21 , Eccentric 22 and hinge means 30 the printing plates 10 again in their ventilation position 10.2 bring.

Finally, it should be noted that the embodiments shown here are merely exemplary implementations of the invention. This is not limited to this. On the contrary, modifications and modifications are possible. For example, it is possible to provide a different number of shafts, eccentrics and electric motors. Other types of transmissions other than spur gears or planetary gears may also be used. All embodiments can be performed without energy storage and act as pure active brakes.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

printing plate

10.1

ventilation position

10.2

braking position

11

Part of a friction brake

12

energy storage

13

Pressure plate plane

14

Braking direction of 10

15

Ventilation direction of 10

16

thread

17

recess

18

threaded part

19

casing

20

Retaining device, electric motor

21

wave

22

eccentric

23

Center of 22

24

Spur gears

25

translation

30

articulation

31

camp

32

pleuel

33

Center of 35

34

Connection axis between 23 and 33

35

articulation

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 2009/050086 [0004]

Claims (12)

Brake system, with a pressure plate ( 10 ), which over at least a part of a friction brake ( 11 ), such as a brake disc, a lamella pact o. Ä., The pressure plate ( 10 ) in the braking direction ( 14 ) is movable, in a braking position ( 10.2 ), in which, with the interposition of the part of the friction brake ( 11 ) a braking takes place, is led and continues again in the ventilation direction ( 15 ) is feasible to move into a ventilation position ( 10.1 ), in which no braking takes place whereby at least one energy store ( 12 ), such as a spring, is provided, which during movement of the pressure plate ( 10 ) in the braking direction ( 14 ) and when moving the pressure plate ( 10 ) in the direction of ventilation ( 15 ) is recharged and with at least one electrically operable retainer ( 20 ), which upon application of electrical energy, the pressure plate ( 10 ) in their ventilation position ( 10.1 ), wherein when the electrical energy of the restraint device ( 20 ) the pressure plate ( 10 ) by means of or the energy storage ( 12 ) in the braking direction ( 14 ) and in its braking position ( 10.2 ), whereby an emergency braking is carried out, characterized in that as a retaining device one or more electric motors ( 20 ), at each of which at least one shaft ( 21 ) is arranged, on which at least one eccentric ( 22 ) is located, which on the pressure plate ( 10 ) via an articulation means ( 30 ) is hinged, wherein the pressure plate ( 10 ) by the function of electric motors ( 20 ) in their ventilation position ( 10.1 ) is durable that the electric motors ( 20 ) also serve the pressure plate ( 10 ) from its braking position ( 10.2 ) again in the ventilation direction ( 15 ) until the ventilation position ( 10.1 ) is reached, as a hinge means ( 30 ), in particular one or more connecting rods ( 32 ), which on the eccentric ( 22 ), wherein the articulation preferably with the interposition of a bearing ( 31 ), like a ball bearing happens. Brake system according to claim 1, characterized in that the eccentric ( 22 ) and the articulation means ( 30 ), in particular the connecting rod ( 32 ) are integrally formed. Braking system according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the connecting axle ( 34 ) between center ( 23 ) of the eccentric ( 22 ) and midpoint ( 33 ) of the articulation point ( 35 ) never perpendicular to the printing plate plane ( 13 ), but preferably in a range between 0 ° and 80 ° with respect to the printing plate plane ( 13 ) varies. Brake system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the braking operation is actively supported in a targeted braking, so that the pressure plate ( 10 ) in addition to the energy storage (s) ( 12 ) applied energy by the or the electric motors ( 20 ) with the interposition of the eccentric or eccentric ( 22 ) and thus the one or more hinge means ( 30 ) so in the braking direction ( 14 ) is movable, that the pressure plate ( 10 ) in the braking position ( 10.2 ) is feasible. Braking system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that four shafts ( 21 ) are provided, which each have an eccentric ( 22 ) and which each with an electric motor ( 20 ) are connected. Brake system according to claims 4 and 5, characterized in that during braking of a targeted braking the four electric motors ( 20 ), the eccentric ( 22 ) and thus the articulation means ( 30 ) phase-shifted in the braking direction ( 14 ), whereby the pressure plate ( 10 ) Can be brought into a tumbling motion. Brake system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that two electric motors ( 20 ) are provided, each having a shaft ( 21 ), on each of which two eccentrics ( 22 ) are provided. Braking system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that each shaft ( 21 ) by means of a planetary gear with an electric motor ( 20 ) connected is. Brake system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that an electric motor ( 20 ) is provided, the two waves ( 21 ) drives on each of which one or more, in particular two eccentrics ( 22 ) are provided that the waves ( 21 ) by means of one or more spur gears ( 24 ) with the electric motor ( 20 ), wherein between the electric motor ( 20 ) and one of the waves ( 21 ) preferably a translation ( 25 ) is arranged, which is arranged so that the waves ( 21 ) run in opposite directions. Braking system according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the braking operation is actively controllable in a targeted braking by the pressure plate ( 10 ) so in the direction of ventilation ( 15 ) is loadable, by the or the electric motors ( 20 ) with the interposition of the eccentric or eccentric ( 22 ) and thus the one or more hinge means ( 30 ), that they slow down to the braking position ( 10.2 ) is convertible. Braking system according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that in the region of Printing plate ( 10 ) a recess ( 17 ) with thread ( 16 ) is provided, in which a threaded part ( 18 ) such as a screw, a threaded rod o. Ä. Is inserted to the pressure plate ( 10 ) without the use of electric motors ( 20 ) in the direction of ventilation ( 15 ) and so into the ventilation position ( 10.2 ) bring to. Braking system according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the shafts ( 21 ) and / or the eccentrics ( 22 ) and / or the printing plate ( 10 ) and / or the articulation means ( 30 ) in a housing ( 19 ) are arranged, wherein the pressure plate ( 10 ) preferably to this housing ( 19 ) is designed to be displaceable.

Images