DE102011100213A1 - Concrete block or concrete slab made from cement, comprises cement aggregates, a core forming a lower side of the concrete block, and a wall lining forming an upper side of the concrete block or concrete slab - Google Patents

Abstract

The concrete block or concrete slab (1) made from cement, comprises cement aggregates, a core (2) made of concrete forming a lower side (1.1) of the concrete block or concrete slab, and a wall lining (3) made of face concrete forming an upper side (1.2) of the concrete block or concrete slab, where the concrete of the concrete block or the concrete slab contains a photocatalytically active additive in an area of the concrete block- or concrete slab upper side. The wall lining contains the photocatalytically active additive in the region of the concrete block upper side. The concrete block or concrete slab (1) made from cement, comprises cement aggregates, a core (2) made of concrete forming a lower side (1.1) of the concrete block or concrete slab, and a wall lining (3) made of face concrete forming an upper side (1.2) of the concrete block or concrete slab, where the concrete of the concrete block or the concrete slab contains a photocatalytically active additive in an area of the concrete block- or concrete slab upper side. The wall lining contains the photocatalytically active additive in the region of the concrete block upper side. The concrete of the concrete block or the concrete slab, in the region of the concrete block or concrete slab upper side, is designed as a porous concrete or as a solid concrete with the photocatalytically active additive. The entire concrete of the concrete block or the concrete slab contains the photocatalytically active additive. The concrete block top is equipped with an interior waterproofing. An independent claim is included for a method of producing a concrete block.

Description

The invention relates to a concrete block or a concrete slab according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a method according to the preamble of claim 7 or 8.

Concrete blocks or concrete slabs and their manufacturing processes are known.

The object of the invention is to show a concrete block or a concrete slab, which or in the installed state has a pleasing appearance even after a long time.

To solve this problem, a concrete block or a concrete slab according to claim 1 is formed. A method for producing the concrete block or the concrete slab are the subject of claim 7 or 8.

The term "photocatalytically active additive" or "photocatalytically active additive" in the context of the invention means an additive that catalytically promotes the formation of oxygen radicals when exposed to light on the concrete block or concrete slab from the ambient air, including organic compounds and caused by such contamination on the stone or plate top, but also degrade or destroy nitrogen oxides, even in combination with water through the formation of highly active OH radicals. The photocatalytically active additive is preferably added to the cement used for the preparation or component of this cement. Titanium oxide (TiO ₂ ), especially in anatase form, is particularly suitable as a photocatalytic additive.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the concrete block or the concrete slab is additionally equipped at least on the concrete block or slab top side in an inner hydrophobization, i. H. internally impregnated or provided with a water-repellent material. Silane, which binds firmly to the silicate matrix of the concrete block or the concrete slab, is suitable for this purpose.

Further developments, advantages and applications of the invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments and from the figures. In this case, all described and / or illustrated features alone or in any combination are fundamentally the subject of the invention, regardless of their summary in the claims or their dependency. Also, the content of the claims is made an integral part of the description.

The term "essentially" or "approximately" in the sense of the invention means deviations from respectively exact values by +/- 10%, preferably by +/- 5% and / or deviations in the form of changes insignificant for the function.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the figures of an embodiment. Show it:

1 in a simplified representation of a section through a concrete block, such as paving stone according to the invention;

2 in an enlarged schematic representation of a section through the top of the concrete block forming facing concrete.

The in the figures generally with 1 designated concrete block, such as paving stone is in the usual way with a the core 2 as well as in particular the Betonsteinunterseite 1.1 forming core concrete and with one a header shell 3 as well as the concrete block top 1.2 forming facing concrete 3 manufactured. Both the core concrete and the facing concrete 3 contain not only cement but also at least one particulate concrete aggregate, in the form of solid granular particles, eg. As gravel and / or split and / or concrete break, etc.

Furthermore, in particular the facing concrete or the attachment shell formed by this facing concrete 3 executed horseshoe-porous, for example, to form a rough and porous concrete block top 1.2 ,

The peculiarity of the concrete block 1 is that the facing concrete or the attachment shell formed by this 3 additionally contains a photocatalytically active additive, ie an additive that causes the formation of oxygen radicals upon irradiation with light, in particular sunlight (eg, hyperoxide anions or in conjunction with water hydroxyl radicals or perhydroxyl radicals), including nitrogen oxides and remove ozone from the ambient air, have antimicrobial effects and organic materials on the top of the concrete block 1.2 decompose and thereby also for a clean Betonsteinoberseite 1.2 to care. Preference is given for the production of the attachment shell 3 uses a cement which is photocatalytically active or is already provided with the photocatalytic additive.

Particularly suitable as a photocatalytic additive is titanium oxide (TiO ₂ ), for example in the form of particles, and also microparticles or nanoparticles of titanium oxide or in anatase form.

The production of the concrete block 1 For example, with the usual manufacturing means in multiple use, ie in a mold with multiple mold spaces for molding a concrete block. In each form space is z. B. first of the core 2 forming core concrete and, subsequently, the facing shell 3 forming facing concrete, whose particle-like concrete aggregate forming particles, for example, have a coarser grain size in a highly limited range of grain, so that the haufwerksporige structure for the facing shell 3 results. By shaking and pressing, however, the core concrete and facing concrete are compacted in such a way that the desired roughness and porosity are retained for the top of the concrete block.

Notwithstanding the above embodiment, the attachment shell 3 also consist of solid concrete, ie consist of a concrete in which the grain size of the particles of the particulate concrete aggregate over a wide grain size range scatters, so that the attachment shell 3 or the concrete has no or substantially no porosity or greatly reduced porosity and the facing shell 3 thus consists of solid concrete with the photocatalytic properties.

Furthermore, it is possible to use the concrete block 1 made entirely of concrete, in addition to that of the particles 4 formed usual concrete aggregate cement containing the photocatalytic additive.

Regardless of the particular training of the concrete block 1 there is the possibility of this or at least the attachment shell 3 in addition to the photocatalytically active or active additive with a Innenhydrophobierung, ie on the inside, ie for example in the field of concrete block top 1.2 be provided with a water-repellent impregnation, so that the concrete blocks in connection with the photocatalytic cement or additive in a particularly high degree of water and dirt repellent and are particularly easy to clean. For example, silane is suitable for internal hydrophobization.

Above, it was assumed that the production of concrete block 1 a process takes place in which the first of the core 2 forming concrete and only then the facing shell 3 forming concrete are introduced into the mold space, ie the concrete block 1 is produced in a process which corresponds to the production method of paving stones or is based on this method. In principle, it is also possible to produce the respective concrete block, in particular in the form of a plate so that in the respective mold cavity first of the intent shell 3 forming facing concrete and only then the base layer or the core 2 forming concrete are introduced and then compacting of the concrete takes place by pressing, ie by a method which corresponds to the production process of concrete slabs or is based on this. In any case, but at least the concrete top contains 1.2 forming concrete in addition to the photocatalytically active additive, for example, the cement used already mixed or is part of the cement used or mixed only in the production of the concrete. For a desired uniform and fine distribution of the photocatalytically active additive in the concrete block or in the concrete slab, however, it is expedient to mix this additive prior to the manufacture of the concrete used cement or to use a cement already provided with this addition.

The invention has been described above by means of an embodiment. It is understood that numerous changes and modifications are possible without thereby departing from the inventive concept underlying the invention.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Concrete block or concrete slab

1.1

Concrete stone base

1.2

Concrete stone top

2

core

3

furring

4

particle

Claims (8)

Concrete block or concrete slab made of cement with cement aggregates ( 4 ), characterized in that the concrete of the concrete block or concrete slab ( 1 ) at least in the area of a concrete block or concrete slab top ( 1.2 ) contains a photocatalytically active additive. Concrete block or concrete slab according to claim 1, characterized in that the photocatalytic additive is titanium oxide, for example, particulate or fibrous titanium oxide or titanium oxide in anatase form. Concrete block or concrete slab according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a concrete block or concrete slab underside ( 1.1 ) forming core ( 2 ) of core concrete and a concrete block or concrete slab top ( 1.2 ) forming header shell ( 3 ) of facing concrete, and that at least that of the facing shell ( 3 ) forming facing concrete at least in the area of the concrete block top ( 1.2 ) contains the photocatalytically active additive. Concrete block or concrete slab according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the concrete of the concrete block or the concrete slab ( 1 ) at least in the area of the concrete block or concrete slab top ( 1.2 ) is formed as a hspwerksporig or as a full concrete each with the photocatalytically active additive. Concrete block or concrete slab according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the entire concrete of the concrete part or the concrete slab ( 1 ) contains the photocatalytic additive. Concrete block or concrete slab according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it at least in the region of the concrete block top ( 1.2 ) is equipped with a Innenhydrophobierung. Method for producing a concrete block, wherein in a mold, first a core ( 2 ) of the concrete block forming core concrete and then a facing shell ( 3 ) forming facing concrete are introduced, characterized in that are used as facing concrete, a concrete with a photocatalytic additive and / or a cement with a photocatalytic additive. Method for producing a concrete slab ( 1 ), wherein in a mold cavity first a facing shell forming facing concrete and then a the base layer or the core forming core concrete are introduced, characterized in that are used as facing concrete a concrete with a photocatalytic additive and / or a cement with a photocatalytic additive ,

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