DE102011082562A1 - Battery module e.g. lithium ion battery module for motor vehicle, has two coolant chambers that are provided in module housing in which coolant inlet and coolant outlet are provided - Google Patents
Battery module e.g. lithium ion battery module for motor vehicle, has two coolant chambers that are provided in module housing in which coolant inlet and coolant outlet are provided Download PDFInfo
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- DE102011082562A1 DE102011082562A1 DE201110082562 DE102011082562A DE102011082562A1 DE 102011082562 A1 DE102011082562 A1 DE 102011082562A1 DE 201110082562 DE201110082562 DE 201110082562 DE 102011082562 A DE102011082562 A DE 102011082562A DE 102011082562 A1 DE102011082562 A1 DE 102011082562A1
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- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 8
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 52
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000003855 cell nucleus Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-[6-[[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)ethyl]amino]purin-9-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=CC(C(CNC=2C=3N=CN(C=3N=CN=2)[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C)=C1 BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/545—Temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Batteriemodul mit zumindest einer Batteriezelle, die teilweise oder vollständig in einem Modulgehäuse angeordnet ist, sowie ein Kraftfahrzeug.The present invention relates to a battery module with at least one battery cell, which is arranged partially or completely in a module housing, and a motor vehicle.
Batteriemodule oder Batteriesysteme, beide Begriffe werden im Rahmen der Beschreibung synonym gebraucht, stellen wiederaufladbare elektrische Energiespeicher dar, die beispielsweise einen breiten Einsatz in tragbaren Konsumgeräten und in automobilen Anwendungen finden, wobei insbesondere Lithium-Ionen-Batterien bzw. -Akkumulatoren als Schlüsseltechnologie für die teilweise oder vollständige Elektrifizierung von Fahrzeugen gelten.Battery modules or battery systems, both terms are used synonymously in the description, represent rechargeable electrical energy storage, for example, find a wide use in portable consumer devices and in automotive applications, in particular lithium-ion batteries or accumulators as a key technology for the partially or complete electrification of vehicles.
Batteriesysteme und insbesondere Lithium-Ionen-Batteriesysteme können je nach Einsatzspezifikation modular aufgebaut werden und elektrisch seriell oder parallel verschaltet sein.Battery systems and in particular lithium-ion battery systems can be constructed in a modular manner depending on the application specification and can be electrically connected in series or in parallel.
Diese Batteriemodule und insbesondere Lithium-Ionen-Batterien bzw. -Akkumulatoren dürfen je nach Leistungsanforderung für einen dauerhaft sicheren und schonenden Betrieb nur in einem bestimmten Temperaturbereich betrieben werden. Unter Berücksichtigung der Leistungsfähigkeit und einer möglichst langsamen Alterung ist beispielsweise, je nach Zusammensetzung eines Lithium-Ionen-Akkumulators, eine optimale Betriebstemperatur im Bereich zwischen 30 °C und 40 °C gegeben. Dabei ist zu berücksichtigen, dass während des Betriebs der Zellen eines Batteriemoduls Wärme entsteht, nämlich Joulesche Wärme, die durch den elektrischen Strom und den inneren Widerstand der Zelle beschrieben werden kann, sowie Wärme, die aufgrund reversibler Vorgänge in der Zelle freigesetzt wird. Diese Wärme muss abgeführt werden, um ein Aufheizen der Zelle über eine kritische Betriebstemperatur zu vermeiden. Um dies zu gewährleisten, weisen Batteriesysteme meist ein thermisches Managementsystem bzw. -konzept auf.These battery modules and in particular lithium-ion batteries or accumulators may be operated depending on the power requirement for a permanently safe and gentle operation only in a certain temperature range. Taking into account the performance and the slowest possible aging, for example, depending on the composition of a lithium-ion battery, an optimal operating temperature in the range between 30 ° C and 40 ° C is given. It should be noted that during operation of the cells of a battery module heat is generated, namely Joule heat, which can be described by the electrical current and the internal resistance of the cell, as well as heat, which is released due to reversible processes in the cell. This heat must be dissipated to avoid heating the cell above a critical operating temperature. To ensure this, battery systems usually have a thermal management system or concept.
Thermomanagementsysteme können nach den verwendeten Kühlmedien in drei Gruppen unterteilt werden:
- – Luftkühlung,
- – Kühlmittelkühlung und
- – Kältemittelkühlung.
- - air cooling,
- - Coolant cooling and
- - Refrigerant cooling.
Standardmäßig werden ein oder mehrere Module gleichzeitig von einer sogenannten Kühlplatte durch direkte Wärmeleitung temperiert, das heißt je nach Betriebszustand gekühlt oder geheizt. Bei Kühlmittelkühlung durchströmt ein Kühlmittel die Kühlplatte und führt somit die Wärme ab.By default, one or more modules are tempered at the same time by a so-called cooling plate by direct heat conduction, that is, depending on the operating condition cooled or heated. Coolant coolant flows through the cooling plate and thus dissipates the heat.
Der Wärmepfad setzt sich aus folgenden Teilstrecken zusammen:
Zellkern → Zellgehäuse → gegebenenfalls thermische Zwischenschicht → Kühlplattenoberfläche → Kühlplattenkanäle → Kühlmittel.The heat path consists of the following sections:
Cell nucleus → cell housing → if applicable, thermal intermediate layer → cooling plate surface → cooling plate channels → coolant.
Dabei spielt der thermische Kontakt zwischen den Zellen und Kühlplatten eine wichtige Rolle und ist entscheidend für die Güte der Wärmeabfuhr von Zellen.The thermal contact between the cells and cooling plates plays an important role and is decisive for the quality of the heat dissipation of cells.
Um einen guten thermischen Kontakt zu gewährleisten, sind meistens sehr aufwendige Maßnahmen notwendig, die beispielsweise die Oberflächengüte der Zellgehäuse und der Kühlplattenoberfläche, den Ausgleich von Höhendifferenzen, einen Einsatz von thermischen Zwischenschichten, eine dauerhafte gute Anpressung bzw. Verspannung von Zellen auf die Kühlplatte und dergleichen betreffen.In order to ensure a good thermal contact, very expensive measures are usually necessary, for example, the surface quality of the cell housing and the cooling plate surface, the compensation of height differences, use of thermal interlayers, a permanent good contact or clamping of cells on the cooling plate and the like affect.
Aus der
Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention
Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Batteriemodul mit zumindest einer, vorzugsweise prismatischen oder zylindrischen Batteriezelle, die teilweise oder vollständig in einem Modulgehäuse angeordnet ist, in dem zumindest zwei, vorzugsweise zwei oder drei Kühlmittelräume ausgebildet sind, zur Verfügung gestellt.According to the invention, a battery module is provided with at least one, preferably prismatic or cylindrical battery cell, which is arranged partially or completely in a module housing in which at least two, preferably two or three, coolant spaces are formed.
Die Kühlmittelräume sind im Betrieb des Batteriemoduls mit Kühlmittel befüllt, so dass die zumindest eine Batteriezelle einen direkten Kühlmittelkontakt besitzt.The coolant spaces are filled with coolant during operation of the battery module, so that the at least one battery cell has a direct coolant contact.
Die zumindest eine prismatische Batteriezelle ist vorzugsweise Teil eines Batteriezellenstapels. The at least one prismatic battery cell is preferably part of a battery cell stack.
Zur Versorgung der zumindest zwei Kühlmittelräume mit einem Kühlmittel kann das Modulgehäuse über einen Einlass und einen Auslass verfügen, wobei eine Verteilung im Inneren des Modulgehäuses zwischen den Kühlmittelräumen durch entsprechende Verteilungskanäle, die in der Wandung des Modulgehäuses verlaufen können, erfolgt. Alternativ kann jeder Kühlmittelraum über einen eigenen Einlass und Auslass verfügen, dabei kann ein Austausch des Kühlmittels über außerhalb des Modulgehäuses gelegene Verteilungskanäle realisiert werden. To supply the at least two coolant chambers with a coolant, the module housing can have an inlet and an outlet, wherein a distribution in the interior of the module housing between the coolant spaces by corresponding distribution channels, which can extend in the wall of the module housing occurs. Alternatively, each coolant chamber can have its own inlet and outlet, whereby an exchange of the coolant can be realized via distribution channels located outside the module housing.
Wesentlich bei beiden Varianten ist, dass die Kühlmittelräume unabhängig voneinander befüllt und entleert werden können. So können die Kühlmittelräume je nach Wärmeverlustleistung der Zellen unterschiedlich befüllt werden und dienen neben dem Regelparameter Durchflussgeschwindigkeit des Kühlmittels zur bedarfsgerechten Wärmeübergangssteuerung. Dabei stellt die Füllstandsregelung eine primäre Thermomanagementmaßnahme dar, bei der durch einen Aktuator der hydraulische Druck aufgebaut werden kann, um das Kühlmittel in den erforderlichen Kühlmittelraum einzuspeisen. It is essential in both variants that the coolant spaces can be filled and emptied independently of each other. Thus, the coolant spaces can be filled differently depending on the heat loss performance of the cells and are used in addition to the control parameter flow rate of the coolant for demand-based heat transfer control. In this case, the level control is a primary thermal management measure, in which by an actuator of the hydraulic pressure can be established to feed the coolant in the required coolant space.
Der variable Füllstand von Kühlmittel bedingt eine variable thermische Masse, die direkt die Wärme von den Batteriezellen aufnimmt und in sich speichert. Das Kühlmittel stellt somit einen variablen Wärmespeicher dar. Die Vorteile des variablen Wärmespeichers liegen in einem im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik deutlich dynamischeren Thermomanagement, einer höheren Energieeffizienz, da entsprechende Pumpen für die Zirkulation des Kühlmittels nicht ständig eingeschaltet werden müssen, einer erhöhten Sicherheit durch ein besseres Kühlvermögen und insbesondere in einer längeren Reichweite des Batteriemoduls bei einer automotiven Anwendung.The variable level of coolant requires a variable thermal mass that directly absorbs and stores the heat from the battery cells. The coolant thus represents a variable heat accumulator. The advantages of the variable heat accumulator lie in a considerably more dynamic thermal management compared with the prior art, a higher energy efficiency, since corresponding pumps for the circulation of the coolant do not have to be constantly switched on, increased safety by a better cooling capacity and in particular in a longer range of the battery module in an automotive application.
Ebenfalls wesentlich für die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung des Batteriemoduls ist der direkte Kühlmittelkontakt hinsichtlich der Batteriezellen. Dadurch vereinfacht sich der Wärmepfad von Zellkern → Zellgehäuse → Kühlmittel. Damit wird die Effizienz und die Dynamik des Thermomanagementsystems positiv verändert. Also essential for the inventive design of the battery module is the direct coolant contact with respect to the battery cells. This simplifies the heat path from cell nucleus → cell housing → coolant. This will positively change the efficiency and dynamics of the thermal management system.
Die Kühlmittelräume im Batteriemodul werden durch zumindest einen, vorzugsweise zwei oder drei, besonders bevorzugt drei Zwischenböden ausgebildet, die planparallel zu der Ebene, die durch die Terminals der Batteriezellen gegeben ist, verlaufen. Der Zwischenboden bzw. die Zwischenböden weist/weisen zumindest eine Durchgangsöffnung auf, die den Abmessungen der zumindest einen Batteriezelle entspricht, wobei diese einen Abstand zueinander aufweisen können, so dass eine entsprechende Anzahl von Durchgangsöffnungen vorhanden ist, oder als Stapel insgesamt den Zwischenboden oder die Zwischenböden durchdringen. Die Zwischenböden dienen damit gleichzeitig zur Fixierung der Batteriezellen in dem Modulgehäuse in definierter Position.The coolant spaces in the battery module are formed by at least one, preferably two or three, more preferably three shelves which extend plane-parallel to the plane which is given by the terminals of the battery cells. The intermediate floor or the intermediate floors has / have at least one passage opening which corresponds to the dimensions of the at least one battery cell, which may have a distance from one another, so that a corresponding number of passage openings is present, or as a stack overall the intermediate floor or shelves penetrate. The shelves thus serve at the same time for fixing the battery cells in the module housing in a defined position.
Der Zwischenboden, der den Terminals der Batteriezellen benachbart ist, bildet den Abschluss für eine darunterliegende Kühlmittelkammer, das heißt, oberhalb dieses Zwischenbodens soll kein Kühlmittel zirkulieren.The intermediate bottom, which is adjacent to the terminals of the battery cells, forms the conclusion for an underlying coolant chamber, that is, above this intermediate floor no coolant should circulate.
Im Bereich der Durchgangsöffnungen des Zwischenbodens, der den Terminals benachbart ist, sind diese gegenüber den Batteriezellen mit einer Dichtung versehen, so dass Kühlmittel nicht austreten und beispielsweise mit den Terminals in Kontakt kommen kann.In the region of the passage openings of the false floor, which is adjacent to the terminals, they are provided with respect to the battery cells with a seal, so that coolant can not escape and, for example, come into contact with the terminals.
Nach einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind auch die Durchgangsöffnungen der Zwischenböden gegenüber den Batteriezellen abgedichtet, was jedoch nicht zwingend erforderlich ist, da das Kühlmittel stets von unten nach oben befüllt wird.According to one embodiment of the invention, the passage openings of the intermediate floors are sealed against the battery cells, but this is not absolutely necessary, since the coolant is always filled from bottom to top.
Zur Vermeidung von Kurzschluss kann zudem das Gehäuse der Batteriezellen eine elektrische Isolationsschicht aufweisen und/oder es kann ein elektrisch nicht leitendes Kühlmittel verwendet werden.In order to avoid a short circuit, the housing of the battery cells can also have an electrical insulation layer and / or an electrically non-conductive coolant can be used.
Die Batteriezellen sitzen entweder direkt auf dem Boden des Modulgehäuses oder vorzugsweise auf einem Abstandselement, das zum einen für einen Ausgleich von Höhentoleranzen dient und zum anderen vorteilhafterweise einen besseren Durchfluss von Kühlmittel zur Optimierung des Wärmeaustausches ermöglicht.The battery cells sit either directly on the bottom of the module housing or preferably on a spacer element, which serves for a compensation of height tolerances and on the other advantageously allows a better flow of coolant to optimize the heat exchange.
Die Batteriezellen können, wie bereits ausgeführt, direkt zusammen verspannt werden. Dies ist in der Regel der Fall, wenn die Zellgehäuse aus Metall wie beispielsweise Aluminium hergestellt sind. Aluminium hat eine sehr gute Wärmeleitfähigkeit, so dass die Wärme auch von unbenetzten Zonen des Zellgehäuses schnell abgeführt werden kann.The battery cells can, as already stated, be clamped together directly. This is usually the case when the cell housings are made of metal such as aluminum. Aluminum has a very good thermal conductivity, so that the heat can be dissipated quickly even from unwetted zones of the cell housing.
Falls die Zellgehäuse aus einem schlecht Wärme leitenden Werkstoff, wie beispielsweise Kunststoff besteht, kann die benetzte Kontaktfläche an Zellgehäuse dadurch vergrößert werden, dass ein gewisser Abstand zwischen den Batteriezellen durch die bereits beschriebene Maßnahme vorgesehen wird. If the cell housing consists of a poorly heat-conducting material, such as plastic, the wetted contact surface can be increased to cell housing by providing a certain distance between the battery cells by the measure already described.
Vorteilhafterweise werden bei der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung eines Batteriemoduls eine geringere Anzahl von Temperatursensoren im Vergleich zu Modulen nach dem Stand der Technik benötigt, da es im Regelfall ausreicht, nur die Kühlmitteltemperatur zu kontrollieren, da eine Temperaturmessung an den Batteriezellen wegen der guten thermischen Anbindung zum Kühlmittel entfallen kann.Advantageously, in the embodiment of a battery module according to the invention a smaller number of temperature sensors compared to modules of the prior art is required, since it is usually sufficient to control only the coolant temperature, since a temperature measurement on the battery cells omitted because of the good thermal connection to the coolant can.
Dadurch ergibt sich vorteilhafterweise durch einen geringeren Aufwand bei der Verkabelung und damit bei der Montage auch eine Kostenreduzierung bei der Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Batteriemodule. This advantageously results in less cost in the manufacture of the battery modules according to the invention by a lower outlay on the wiring and thus during assembly.
Ansonsten verfügt das erfindungsgemäße Batteriemodul über übliche Einrichtungen und Mittel zum Steuern und Regeln, die dem Fachmann aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt sind.Otherwise, the battery module according to the invention has conventional means and means for controlling and regulating known to those skilled in the art.
Nach einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Batteriemoduls ist dieses als Lithium-Ionen-Akkumulator ausgebildet.According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the battery module, this is designed as a lithium-ion accumulator.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist zudem ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem elektrischen Antriebsmotor zum Antreiben des Kraftfahrzeugs und einem mit dem elektrischen Antriebsmotor verbundenen oder verbindbaren erfindungsgemäßen Akkumulator, vorzugsweise einem Lithium-Ionen-Akkumulator. The invention also relates to a motor vehicle having an electric drive motor for driving the motor vehicle and a battery connected to the invention or connectable to the electric drive motor, preferably a lithium-ion battery.
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
Zeichnungendrawings
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden anhand der Zeichnungen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings and the description below. Show it:
Ausführungsformen der ErfindungEmbodiments of the invention
In
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- DE 102009008222 A1 [0010] DE 102009008222 A1 [0010]
Claims (11)
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DE201110082562 DE102011082562A1 (en) | 2011-09-13 | 2011-09-13 | Battery module e.g. lithium ion battery module for motor vehicle, has two coolant chambers that are provided in module housing in which coolant inlet and coolant outlet are provided |
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DE201110082562 DE102011082562A1 (en) | 2011-09-13 | 2011-09-13 | Battery module e.g. lithium ion battery module for motor vehicle, has two coolant chambers that are provided in module housing in which coolant inlet and coolant outlet are provided |
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DE102011082562A1 true DE102011082562A1 (en) | 2013-03-14 |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2843724A1 (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2015-03-04 | Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. | A housing for a battery pack with a drainage structure |
CN107230750A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2017-10-03 | 行竞科技股份有限公司 | Battery module |
DE102017204412A1 (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2018-09-20 | Audi Ag | Battery for a motor vehicle and motor vehicle |
DE102017206283A1 (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2018-10-18 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Cell module for a high-voltage energy storage of a motor vehicle |
CN112332015A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2021-02-05 | 利萨·德雷克塞迈尔有限责任公司 | Energy storage system |
US11072248B2 (en) | 2017-04-11 | 2021-07-27 | Audi Ag | Battery for a motor vehicle, and motor vehicle |
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DE102009008222A1 (en) | 2009-02-10 | 2010-08-12 | Li-Tec Battery Gmbh | battery cooling |
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2011
- 2011-09-13 DE DE201110082562 patent/DE102011082562A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (1)
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DE102009008222A1 (en) | 2009-02-10 | 2010-08-12 | Li-Tec Battery Gmbh | battery cooling |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2843724A1 (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2015-03-04 | Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. | A housing for a battery pack with a drainage structure |
US9590280B2 (en) | 2013-08-29 | 2017-03-07 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Battery pack |
CN107230750A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2017-10-03 | 行竞科技股份有限公司 | Battery module |
CN107230750B (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2022-03-04 | 行竞之道股份有限公司 | Battery module |
DE102017204412A1 (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2018-09-20 | Audi Ag | Battery for a motor vehicle and motor vehicle |
CN110402503A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2019-11-01 | 奥迪股份公司 | Battery and motor vehicle for motor vehicle |
US11196124B2 (en) | 2017-03-16 | 2021-12-07 | Audi Ag | Battery for a motor vehicle and motor vehicle |
US11072248B2 (en) | 2017-04-11 | 2021-07-27 | Audi Ag | Battery for a motor vehicle, and motor vehicle |
DE102017206283A1 (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2018-10-18 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Cell module for a high-voltage energy storage of a motor vehicle |
CN112332015A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2021-02-05 | 利萨·德雷克塞迈尔有限责任公司 | Energy storage system |
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