DE102011078827B4 - Closing device of a building opening - Google Patents

Abstract

Closing device of a building opening, with - a frame, - a closing wing arranged movably on the frame, - a drive device for electromotive adjustment of the closing leaf relative to the frame, wherein the closing leaf during an adjustment via an adjustment from a closed position to a maximum open position or is reversed, and - a control device for controlling the drive device, characterized in that the control unit (4) is adapted to evaluate an adjustment characteristic characterizing a predetermined portion (β) of the adjustment path (α) of the closing wing (10) to conclude from the over the predetermined portion (β) of the adjustment path (α) of the closing wing (10) characteristic to a false condition of the closure device (1), wherein the predetermined portion (β) of the adjustment path (α) of the closing wing (10) Area between a first measuring limit (P0) and a second measuring limit (P1), namely a range between 5% and 95%, in particular between 10% and 90% of the displacement (α) corresponds, wherein the closing wing (10) is at 0% of Verstellwegs (α) is in its closed position (PZU) and at 100% of the displacement (α) in its maximum open position (PAUF).

Description

The invention relates to a closing device of a building opening according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for monitoring the functionality of a closing device of a building opening.

Such a closing device has a frame, a closing wing movably arranged on the frame, a drive device for electromotive adjustment of the closing wing relative to the frame and a control device for controlling the drive device. The closing wing is in this case in an adjustment over an adjustment of a closed position in a maximum open position or vice versa transferred to open in this way, the closing device or close.

The locking device can be, for example, a building door, a building window, a skylight or another closing direction for closing off an opening in a building.

For example, a building door can be designed as a low-energy door according to DIN 18650. With such a building door, fixed service intervals are conventionally provided, in the framework of which the building door is serviced at regular intervals by a specialist. Such maintenance is required because it can come during operation of the building door with repeated adjustment to wear especially from the closing wings overlapping hinge parts or guide parts, so that in the context of maintenance replacement or lubrication of components may be required.

Traditionally, the maintenance intervals are to be interpreted in a worst-case scenario and thus comparatively short in terms of time so that wear can be detected in good time. The detection of a fault condition due to wear is not readily apparent to the non-skilled user in conventional building doors of this type.

From the DE 10 2008 061 865 A1 a display device is known for displaying the load of a claimed at a certain frequency means by which z. B. also the load of a door from the frequency of actuation of the door can be calculated.

From the DE 42 31 816 A1 a door and gate diagnostic and monitoring method is known, by means of which an interface is established between an inspection location and a data communication device via an integrating text and data network, wherein an automatically operated door is monitored in its functional sequence at the monitoring location.

The post-published DE 10 2010 009 165 A1 discloses a method and a device for detecting an operating state of a door / gate system in which at least one operating parameter of an electric motor or an actuating unit is evaluated for determining at least one application-related, engine-related or engine-related state variable. By comparison z. B. a current temporal motor current waveform with a predetermined and stored current waveform can be closed on a state of wear, freezing, mechanical tilting or other damage to a door / door element.

The DE 195 40 620 A1 describes a method and a device for monitoring the movement of a door or door leaf in the sense of a anti-trap detection. For an actual course of a motor current is taken during operation and compared with a desired course. If the actual value deviates from the desired value by a predetermined amount, an interrupt signal is generated.

The object of the present invention is to provide a closing device of a building opening and a method for monitoring the functioning of a closing device of a building opening, which makes it possible in a simple manner to detect a defective state, in particular a state of wear of parts of the closing device, in operation If necessary, make a maintenance of the locking device.

This object is achieved by an article having the features of claim 1.

Accordingly, in a locking device of the type mentioned above, the control unit is designed to evaluate a parameter characterizing the adjustment characteristic over a predetermined portion of the displacement of the closing wing to close from the obtained over the predetermined portion of this adjustment of the closing blade characteristic of a false state of the closing device.

The characteristic variable characterizing the adjustment process may in particular be a motor current received by the drive device or an adjustment time or an adjustment speed of the closing leaf.

In this context, a malfunction is to be understood as meaning a state of the closure device which is due to repeated Operation has set in operation and thus is not readily volatile. In particular, a state of wear of the closing device, that is to say a malfunction of the closing device caused by wear, for example wear or breakage of parts of the closing device which are claimed during operation of the closing device, can be understood as being defective.

By the fact that the faulty state should not be volatile, it should be understood that, for example, a trapping case in which an object is currently arranged in the adjustment path of the closing leaf and thus hinders the adjustment of the closing wing, should not be regarded as a faulty state, because such a pinching case in may consist of a certain adjustment, but in a subsequent adjustment can already be fixed again.

The present invention is based on the idea to evaluate a parameter such as the motor current, the adjustment of the closing leaf over the adjustment or the adjustment of the closing leaf on the adjustment, to conclude from this on a faulty state, in particular a state of wear of the closing device. The background here is that wear, such as wear of bearing parts or deterioration of lubrication, can cause sluggishness of the closure leaf mounted on the frame which - in a controlled with respect to the adjustment drive device - to a readjustment of the motor current and thus an increase in the motor current or - in a controlled with respect to the motor current drive device - can lead to a longer Verstellzeit and lower adjustment speed of the closing leaf on the adjustment. Thus, a parameter, for example the motor current, the adjustment time or the adjustment speed, is measured over a predetermined section of the adjustment path, in order then to draw conclusions about the measured state of wear of the closing device from this measured parameter.

In particular, the control unit can evaluate the mean value of the parameter over the predetermined section of the displacement path of the closing leaf and infer from a change in the mean value over the operating time to a faulty state of the closing device. The control unit thus averages the parameter over the predetermined section and detects whether the mean value of this parameter changes significantly during operation. If this is the case, this may indicate a faulty condition of the locking device and, for example, indicate wear of individual parts of the locking device.

It is conceivable that the environmental conditions change when adjusting a locking device and the environmental conditions also influence the measurement of the characteristic. For example, it is conceivable that, as a result of a wind draft or wind pressure, the opening of the closing device assists, but the closing of the closing device is hindered. In order to ensure in such a case that is not incorrectly concluded from a binding when closing on a faulty condition of the closing device, the controller may be designed so that it averages the parameter via an adjusting operation for opening the closing leaf and an adjusting operation for closing the closing leaf, so that effects such as wind pressure or wind suction, which behave differently when opening and closing, are excluded.

In addition, in order to obtain a more accurate statement about a faulty state and to be able to draw a more inferential conclusion, it may also be provided to measure, store and average the characteristic variable over a plurality of successive adjustment processes in the sense of a statistical evaluation such aeration to exclude one-off effects that occur only in individual adjustment processes. If, then, a significant change in the characteristic thus averaged over the operating time of the closing device is obtained, a faulty state, in particular wear of the closing device, can be reliably concluded.

The control unit may additionally be designed to detect a trapping case and, upon detection of such a trapping case, to actuate the drive device in a corresponding manner, in particular to open the closing device. Because an entrapment is fundamentally different than, for example, a wear condition, because such an entrapment usually occurs once and is therefore volatile, it is possible to reliably detect a malfunction of the closure device, in particular a wear state of the closure device, such Verstellvorgänge of the evaluation to exclude, in which a pinching case has been detected. Adjustment processes in which a trapping occurs, are thus not included in the evaluation of the characteristic, so that can not be inferred from a trapping case erroneously on a false state.

The differentiation of a Einklemmfalls of a fault condition is, for example, possible because in a trapping case blocking the adjustment of the closing wing only about. a comparatively short period occurs and thus the Einklemmfall is volatile. In the case of a faulty state due to wear, on the other hand, sluggishness can occur that is not volatile are, so remain on further actuation of the locking device.

The evaluation of the characteristic should only take place over a predetermined portion of the adjustment of the closing wing when opening or closing. In this case, this predetermined section extends between a first measurement limit and a second measurement limit on the adjustment path, so that the parameter is evaluated only between the first measurement limit and the second measurement limit, and from this a fault condition is concluded.

The predetermined portion of the displacement of the closing wing corresponds to a range between 5% and 95%, in particular between 10% and 90% of the adjustment, wherein the closing wing at 0% of the adjustment in its closed position and at 100% of the adjustment in its maximum open Position is. In this way, the parameter, so for example, the motor current, the adjustment or the adjustment, not during the beginning of the adjustment and not measured and evaluated during the end of the adjustment. In particular, with an adjustment of the closing wing from the closed position, it may initially come to binding as a result of an extension of the frame. Similarly, binding may occur when the closing wing is retracted into the frame to close. In order not to take into account such effects in the evaluation of the parameter for closing to a faulty state, in particular as a result of wear, the measurement and evaluation of the characteristic value does not take place at the beginning and also not at the end of the closing movement.

In addition, however, it may be provided to measure and evaluate the parameter even with an adjustment movement between the closed position and the first measurement limit and / or between the second measurement limit and the maximum open position in order, in addition to the evaluation of the parameter between the first measurement limit and the second measuring limit - to obtain indications of possible malfunctions of parts of the locking device.

For measuring the motor current, the adjustment time and the adjustment speed sensors of known design can be used for current measurement or for rotational position or rotational speed measurement of the drive device. For rotary position or speed measurement, for example Hall sensors are suitable, which detect the rotation of a drive shaft of the drive device and from this allow a determination of the rotational position and / or the rotational speed of the drive shaft of the drive device.

The locking device may have a display device for indicating a detected fault condition, via which a fault condition, for example an increased wear due to a stiffness, can be displayed to a user.

It is also conceivable to equip the locking device with communication means for generating an electronic message about a detected fault condition on the automatically generated when detecting a fault condition, a message and for example can be sent to a service technician, in such a case immediately maintenance can initiate the locking device.

The fact that a reliable statement about a faulty state, in particular a state of wear of the locking device during operation of the locking device is obtained and thus monitoring of the locking device takes place during operation, it is possible to extend the maintenance intervals for such a locking device and only perform maintenance, when a fault condition is detected. This allows to move away from the conventional practice of determining the maintenance intervals after a worst-case scenario and to perform maintenance only if it is absolutely necessary as a result of a detected fault condition. This reduces the maintenance of the locking device and thus reduces the costs during operation.

The object is also achieved by a method for monitoring the functionality of a locking device according to claim 11. In this case, the closing device has a frame, a closing wing movably arranged on the frame, a drive device for electromotive adjustment of the closing wing relative to the frame, and a control device for controlling the drive device. The closing wing is in an adjustment over an adjustment from a closed position to a maximum open position or vice versa transferred. It is provided that the control unit evaluates a characteristic characterizing the adjustment parameter over a predetermined portion of the displacement of the closing leaf and closes from the obtained over the predetermined portion of the adjustment of the closing blade characteristic to a false state of the closing device.

The advantages and possible configurations described above for the closing device can also be used for such a method.

The idea underlying the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the figures. Show it:

1 a schematic view of a locking device in the form of a building door;

2 a schematic, enlarged view of a drive device of a closing device in the form of a building door;

3 a schematic view of the building door in a maximum open position, wherein different positions of the building door between a closed position and the maximum open position are characterized, and

4 a diagrammatic view of the course of the current over time when opening the building door, a building door without (substantial) wear and a building door with wear.

1 shows a schematic view of a locking device in the form of a building door 1 with a closing wing 10 that is hinged to a frame 11 is arranged. At the building door 1 it may, for example, be a low-energy door according to DIN 18650, which is designed for automatic, electromotive actuation and for this purpose an electromotive drive device 2 in the form of a spindle drive, with a control unit 4 for controlling the adjusting movement of the closing wing 10 interacts.

Although following onto a building door 1 It should be noted that in principle any locking devices of a building, for example, a window device or a skylight, make use of the invention described herein and features of the type described hereafter, for. B. concerning a drive device and the control of the same, can be found in other locking devices use.

The control unit 4 is over a line 20 with the drive device 2 connected and the same as the drive device 2 in a profile part 100 in the form of a circumferential profile frame of the closing wing 10 integrated so that the control unit 4 and the drive device 2 are not visible from the outside. The profile part 100 For example, it can be configured as an aluminum profile frame, with an inner section 101 , For example, made of glass, and this interior section 101 wearing.

In the profile part 100 is a castle 3 integrated, that over a line 30 with the control unit 4 is connected and to lock the closing wing 10 relative to the frame 11 serves.

Furthermore, a display device 5 and a means of communication 6 with the control unit 4 connected, the function of which will be explained below.

An exemplary embodiment of the drive device 2 in the form of the spindle drive is schematically in 2 shown. The drive device has an electric motor 21 , a gearbox 22 and one by the electric motor 21 over the transmission 22 in a rotational movement about a rotation axis D displaceable spindle 23 on. The spindle 23 carries an external thread, over which the spindle 23 with a spindle nut 24 engages such that due to a rotational movement of the spindle 23 about the rotation axis D, the spindle nut 24 at the spindle 23 unwinds and in this way along the axis of rotation D relative to the spindle 23 is adjusted. The spindle nut 24 is with a push rod 25 firmly connected, at one the electric motor 21 and the gearbox 22 enclosing housing 26 is slidably mounted along the axis of rotation D. The push rod 25 is via a connecting rod 27 articulated with a frame section 110 of the frame 11 connected and supported in this way on the frame section 110 from.

During operation of the drive device 2 becomes the spindle 23 , driven by the electric motor 21 , in a rotational movement about the rotation axis D, so that the spindle nut 24 at the spindle 23 unrolls and is adjusted along the axis of rotation D. In this way, push rod pushes 25 to open the closing leaf 10 on the frame section 110 off (by extending the push rod 25 out of the case 26 ) or pulls to close the closing wing 10 to the frame section 110 zoom in (if the push rod 25 in the case 26 is retracted).

The drive device 2 is via an electrical line 20 with the control unit 4 connected. About the electrical line 20 becomes the electric motor 21 fed with a motor current and in this way for adjusting the push rod 25 energized.

At the drive device 2 For example, different sensors, in particular Hall sensors, can be provided for the rotational position and rotational speed of the spindle 23 or one with the spindle 23 coupled drive shaft of the electric motor 21 to eat. These sensors are also with the controller 4 connected and give signals to the controller 4 off, over which the control unit 4 Information about the rotational position and rotational speed of the drive device 2 receives.

In the operation of the building door 1 with repeated actuation of the closing leaf 10 for a longer period of time to open and close the building door 1 It can cause a wear in particular of the closing wing 10 on the frame 11 articulated bearing parts come. As a result of such wear can bindings of the closing wing 10 on its adjustment for opening or closing the building door 1 occur what - depending on the regulation and control of the drive device 2 via the control unit 4 - Can lead to an increase of the motor current (especially in a control to a constant adjustment time or adjustment speed) or to an extension of the adjustment time or reduction of the adjustment speed (in particular in a control to a constant motor current).

For the purposes of the present invention is at the building door 1 provided, a parameter, in particular the motor current, the adjustment time or the adjustment speed, in an adjusting movement of the closing wing 10 relative to the frame 11 for opening or closing the building door 1 evaluate in order to conclude from the measured and evaluated characteristic to a fault condition, in particular wear. For the purposes of the present invention, the evaluation of the parameter takes place, as in 3 shown in a predetermined section β of the displacement α between one of the closed position PZU of the closing wing 10 spaced first measuring limit P0 and one of the maximum open position PAUF the closing wing 10 spaced second measuring limit P1.

The fact that the measurement and evaluation of the parameter, for example, the motor current, the adjustment or the adjustment, not over the entire adjustment α, but only over a predetermined section β of the displacement α, the immediate extension or retraction from or in the closed position PZU and the direct entry or exit in or out of the open position PAUF in the evaluation of the parameter not taken into account. This is advantageous because when entering into the closed position PZU and also when extending from the closed position PZU to binding (for example, as a result of driving in or out of a seal) may come, which have nothing to do with wear. Likewise, when it reaches the open position to a drastic change z. B. the motor current or the adjustment speed, which does not allow reliable conclusions about a fault condition.

The first measuring limit P0 can be, for example, a position of the closing leaf 10 correspond in which the closing wing 10 5% of its displacement α has come from the closed position PZU. The second limit value P1, however, can be a position of the closing leaf 10 match, where the closing wing 10 95% of its displacement α has come from the closed position PZU. However, it is also conceivable to select other values, for example 10% / 90% or entirely different sections, via which a meaningful measurement and evaluation can be made, for example. B. the motor current, the adjustment time and / or the adjustment speed is possible.

4 shows an exemplary course of the motor current I, I 'over time at an opening of the closing leaf 10 from the closed position PZU to the maximum open position PAUF. The current flow according to 4 This is based on a constellation in which the control unit 4 the motor current I, I 'so regulates that the adjustment time to fully open the closing leaf 10 remains approximately constant. Accordingly, the motor current I, I 'readjusted when over the lifetime of the building door 1 In operation, a binding results and thus a larger torque for adjusting the closing wing 10 relative to the frame 11 is required. This is in 4 illustrated by the fact that the motor current I 'after prolonged operation of the building door 1 is increased compared to the motor current I with newly installed building door 1 ,

The current curves of the motor current I, I 'are only to be understood as examples here. However, it is apparent from the current curves, for example, that a large motor current I, I 'is required at the beginning of the opening movement, around the closing wing 10 out of the frame 11 and to drive out, for example, a seal arranged thereon. In the further course of the adjustment, the motor current I, I 'decreases, in order then to keep α over a substantial part of the adjustment α in a comparatively narrow range and decrease towards the end of the adjustment when reaching the maximum open position PAUF.

To the influences of the immediate extension out of the frame 11 and reaching the maximum open position PAUF, a measurement and evaluation of the motor current I, I 'is carried out only within the measurement limits P0, P1, in addition, a monitoring and evaluation of the motor current I, I' in the field of immediate extension (ie between the closed position PZU and the first measuring limit P0) and the range of reaching the open position PAUF (ie between the second measuring limit P1 and the maximum open position PAUF) is possible.

It can also be different between a retraction of the closing wing 10 in a seal on the frame 11 and an extension from the seal of the frame 11 , When closing the closing wing 10 must be acted in particular against the seal. When opening, for example, must also from the door lock 3 be extended. This can be recognized and evaluated in order to detect whether a fault condition, in particular a wear, is present or a fault-free behavior is given.

To reliably from a measured characteristic to a faulty state, in particular wear, the building door 1 To be able to close the characteristic within the used measuring limits P0, P1 is averaged. Is about the operating time of the building door 1 a change in the averaged characteristic determined so it can be concluded from a wear.

In order to additionally exclude environmental conditions such as wind pressure or wind suction, it is also possible to average over an opening operation and a closing operation, wherein in addition, for an improved statistical evaluation, it is possible to average over a multiplicity of adjustment processes, for example 10, 50 or 100 adjustment processes.

In order additionally to differentiate a fault condition due to wear of, for example, a pinching case in which an object controls the adjusting movement of the closing wing 10 obstructed or blocked, it may be provided that such adjustment operations, where at the building door 1 a jamming case is detected via an anti-pinch system, are not taken into account in the evaluation of the characteristic for detecting a fault condition.

Is by evaluating the characteristic in the operation of the building door 1 a fault condition has been detected, it can be over the in 1 schematically illustrated display device 5 the malfunction can be visibly displayed to a user and additionally via the means of communication 6 For example, a message may be issued to a service technician to alert the service technician and cause maintenance to be performed. The display device 5 may be configured for example in the form of a screen, an alarm or the like. The communication means can for example establish a connection to the Internet and place a message over the Internet, wherein basically also completely different types of display devices or communication means are conceivable.

The idea underlying the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but can also be implemented in entirely different types of embodiments.

An evaluation of the type described can advantageously be used in connection with low energy doors, but is not limited thereto.

Also completely different kind of drive devices instead of the described spindle drive are conceivable and possible to effect an automatic, electric motorized adjustment of a locking device.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

building door

10

closing wings

100

profile part

101

inner part

11

frame

110

frame section

2

driving device

20

management

21

electric motor

22

transmission

23

spindle

24

spindle nut

25

pushrod

26

casing

27

linkage

3

Locks

30

management

4

control unit

5

display device

6

means of communication

α, β

angle

D

axis of rotation

PAUF

Open position of the building door

PZU

Closed position of the building door

P0

First measuring limit

P1

Second measuring limit

Claims (11)

Closing device of a building opening, with - a frame, - a closing wing arranged movably on the frame, - a drive device for electromotive adjustment of the closing leaf relative to the frame, wherein the closing leaf during an adjustment via an adjustment from a closed position to a maximum open position or is reversible, and - a control device for controlling the drive device, characterized in that the control device ( 4 ) is formed, a characteristic characterizing the adjustment parameter over a predetermined section (β) of the displacement path (α) of the closing wing ( 10 ) from the over the predetermined portion (β) of the displacement (α) of the closing wing ( 10 ) obtained on a false condition of the locking device ( 1 ), wherein the predetermined portion (β) of the displacement path (α) of the closing wing ( 10 ) corresponds to a range between a first measuring limit (P0) and a second measuring limit (P1), namely a range between 5% and 95%, in particular between 10% and 90% of the displacement (α), wherein the closing wing ( 10 ) is at 0% of the displacement (α) in its closed position (PZU) and at 100% of the displacement (α) in its maximum open position (PAUF). Locking device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the parameter characterizing the adjustment process is a signal from the drive device ( 2 ) recorded motor current or a Verstellzeit or adjustment speed of the closing wing ( 10 ). Locking device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the control unit ( 4 ) from the over the predetermined portion (β) of the displacement (α) of the closing wing ( 10 ) obtained on a state of wear of the closing device ( 1 ) closes. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the control device ( 4 ) the mean value of the parameter over the predetermined section (β) of the adjustment path (α) of the closing wing ( 10 ) and from a change in the mean value to a faulty state of the locking device ( 1 ) closes. Locking device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control device ( 4 ) the parameter via an adjustment process for opening the closing wing ( 10 ) and an adjustment process for closing the closing wing ( 10 ) averages. Locking device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control device ( 4 ) averages the characteristic of a predetermined number of adjustment operations. Locking device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control device ( 4 ), a trapping case in which an object in the adjustment path (α) of the closing wing ( 10 ) is arranged and the adjustment of the closing wing ( 10 ) relative to the frame ( 11 ) impeded, to recognize and an adjustment process in which a pinching occurs, not included in the evaluation of the characteristic. Locking device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control device ( 4 ) additionally evaluates the parameter between the closed position (PZU) and the first measuring limit (P0) and / or between the second measuring limit (P1) and the maximum open position (PAUF). Locking device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking device ( 1 ) a display device ( 5 ) to indicate a detected failure condition. Locking device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking device ( 1 ) Communication means ( 6 ) for generating an electronic message of a detected fault condition. A method for monitoring the functionality of a closing device of a building opening, the - a frame, - a closing wing arranged movably on the frame, - a drive device for electromotive adjustment of the closing leaf relative to the frame, wherein the closing leaf during an adjustment over an adjustment path from a closed position into a maximum open position or vice versa, and - has a control device for controlling the drive device, characterized in that the control device ( 4 ) a parameter characterizing the adjusting process over a predetermined section (β) of the displacement path (α) of the closing leaf ( 10 ) and from the over the predetermined portion (β) of the displacement (α) of the closing wing ( 10 ) obtained on a false condition of the locking device ( 1 ), wherein the predetermined portion (β) of the adjustment path (α) of the closing wing ( 10 ) corresponds to a range between a first measuring limit (P0) and a second measuring limit (P1), namely a range between 5% and 95%, in particular between 10% and 90% of the displacement (α), wherein the closing wing ( 10 ) is at 0% of the displacement (α) in its closed position (PZU) and at 100% of the displacement (α) in its maximum open position (PAUF).

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