DE102011076662A1 - Semiconductor component and corresponding manufacturing method - Google Patents
Semiconductor component and corresponding manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- DE102011076662A1 DE102011076662A1 DE102011076662A DE102011076662A DE102011076662A1 DE 102011076662 A1 DE102011076662 A1 DE 102011076662A1 DE 102011076662 A DE102011076662 A DE 102011076662A DE 102011076662 A DE102011076662 A DE 102011076662A DE 102011076662 A1 DE102011076662 A1 DE 102011076662A1
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Abstract
Die Erfindung schafft ein Halbleiterbauelement und ein entsprechendes Herstellungsverfahren. Das Halbleiterbauelement umfasst einen Halbleiterchip (1) mit einer ersten Hauptseite (RS) und einer zweiten Hauptseite (VS) und einem Rand (R). Mindestens eine der ersten Hauptseite (RS) und der zweiten Hauptseite (VS) weist eine Metallisierungsschicht (MR; MR'; MV; MV') zur flächigen Montage des Halbleiterchip (1) auf, wobei die Metallisierungsschicht (MR; MR'; MV; MV') in einem umlaufenden Bereich (B) entlang des Randes (R) des Halbleiterchips (1) entfernt oder abgedünnt ist.The invention creates a semiconductor component and a corresponding production method. The semiconductor component comprises a semiconductor chip (1) with a first main side (RS) and a second main side (VS) and an edge (R). At least one of the first main side (RS) and the second main side (VS) has a metallization layer (MR; MR '; MV; MV') for surface mounting of the semiconductor chip (1), the metallization layer (MR; MR '; MV; MV ') is removed or thinned in a circumferential area (B) along the edge (R) of the semiconductor chip (1).
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Halbleiterbauelement und ein entsprechendes Herstellungsverfahren.The invention relates to a semiconductor device and a corresponding manufacturing method.
Obwohl auch beliebige Halbleiterbauelemente anwendbar, werden die vorliegende Erfindung und die ihr zugrundeliegende Problematik anhand von vertikalen Leistungshalbleiterbauelementen, wie z.B. IGBTs, erläutert.Although any semiconductor device may be applicable, the present invention and the problem underlying it will be described in terms of vertical power semiconductor devices, such as, e.g. IGBTs, explained.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Aus der
Derartige vertikale Leistungshalbleiterbauelemente werden beispielsweise durch Bonden, Löten oder Sintern bzw. Kleben auf ein Substrat, beispielsweise ein DCB-Substrat oder ein IMS-Substrat oder ein AMB-Substrat oder ein Stanzgitter, aufgebracht. Unter Belastung, z. B. durch thermomechanische Wechselbelastung, dieser Verbindung bilden sich oft Risse ausgehend vom Rand des Halbleiterchips. Diese Risse weiten sich aus, was zur Ablösung oder zur Zerstörung des Halbleiterchips führen kann. Dabei wirken sich Unregelmäßigkeiten an der Chipkante, wie z. B. Sägeschäden durch das Vereinzeln, besonders negativ aus.Such vertical power semiconductor components are applied, for example, by bonding, soldering or sintering or gluing to a substrate, for example a DCB substrate or an IMS substrate or an AMB substrate or a stamped grid. Under load, z. B. by thermo-mechanical cycling, this compound often form cracks from the edge of the semiconductor chip. These cracks widen, which can lead to detachment or destruction of the semiconductor chip. This irregularities affect the chip edge, such. B. Sägeschäden by separating, especially negative.
Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention
Die Erfindung schafft ein Halbleiterbauelement nach Anspruch 1 und entsprechende Herstellungsverfahren nach Anspruch 10, 11 und 12.The invention provides a semiconductor device according to
Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen sind Gegenstand der jeweiligen Unteransprüche.Preferred developments are the subject of the respective subclaims.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention
Die der vorliegenden Erfindung zugrunde liegende Idee liegt darin, dass die Metallisierungsschicht zur flächigen Montage des Halbleiterchips in einem besipielsweise ringförmigen oder eckigen umlaufenden Bereich entlang des Randes des Halbleiterchips entweder vollständig entfernt oder abgedünnt wird.The idea on which the present invention is based is that the metallization layer is either completely removed or thinned out for laminar mounting of the semiconductor chip in a preferably annular or angular circumferential region along the edge of the semiconductor chip.
Damit lässt sich ereichen, dass es in dem ringförmigen Bereich keine Ankopplung des Halbleiterchips bei der Montage an ein Substrat mittels einer Verbindungsschicht gibt. Somit gelingt es, die defektbehaftete Kante des Halbleiterchips, an der üblicherweise die Rissbildung beginnt, kräftemäßig zu entkoppeln. Somit ist die Zuverlässigkeit des montierten Halbleiterbauelements wesentlich erhöht.It can thus be achieved that there is no coupling of the semiconductor chip during assembly to a substrate by means of a connection layer in the annular region. Thus, it is possible to decouple the defective edge of the semiconductor chip, at which usually the cracking begins, in terms of power. Thus, the reliability of the mounted semiconductor device is significantly increased.
In einer ersten Variante wird die Metallisierungsschicht in dem umlaufenden Bereich vollständig entfernt, beispielsweise mittels eines Ätzprozesses.In a first variant, the metallization layer is completely removed in the circumferential region, for example by means of an etching process.
In einer zweiten Variante wird die Metallisierungsschicht am Rand nur abgedünnt, und zwar vorzugsweise stufenförmig, so dass der dicke Metallisierungsbereich als Abstandshalter fungiert.In a second variant, the metallization layer is only thinned at the edge, preferably in steps, so that the thick metallization region acts as a spacer.
In einer Weiterbildung wird der entfernte oder abgedünnte umlaufende Bereich mit einer umlaufenden Isolierschicht derart ausgeglichen, dass er mit der übrigen Metallisierungsschicht im Wesentlichen planar verläuft. Zweckmäßigerweise ist das Material der Isolierschicht vom Material der Verbindungsschicht schlecht oder gar nicht benetzbar, wodurch die Verbindungsschicht bei der Verarbeitung schlecht oder gar nicht an der Isolierschicht haftet und somit auch bei dieser Variante keine Kräfte auf die Kante des Halbleiterchips ausgeübt werden.In a further development, the removed or thinned circumferential region is compensated with a circumferential insulating layer in such a way that it runs substantially planar with the remaining metallization layer. Conveniently, the material of the insulating layer of the material of the connecting layer is poorly or not wettable, whereby the bonding layer in the processing poor or not at the insulating layer adheres and thus no forces are exerted on the edge of the semiconductor chip in this variant.
Es kann auch eine Abfolge von Schichten vorgesehen werden, bei der eine fehlende Benetzung bzw. Anhaftung des Verbindungsmaterials am Rand mindestens der letzten den Halbleiterchip zugewandten Schicht eingebracht ist.A sequence of layers may also be provided in which a lack of wetting or adhesion of the bonding material is introduced at the edge of at least the last layer facing the semiconductor chip.
Der Halbleiter kann auch beidseitig mit derartigen Metallisierungsschichten versehen werden, falls beispielsweise ein Sandwichaufbau zwischen zwei Substraten gewünscht ist. The semiconductor can also be provided on both sides with such metallization layers, if, for example, a sandwich construction between two substrates is desired.
Ein weiterer Vorteil liegt darin, dass durch die kontrollierte Benetzung ein Herausquetschen des Materials der Verbindungsschicht vermieden wird, was das Risiko eines Kurzschlusses von ober- und Unterseite des Halbleiterchips bei der Fertigung minimiert.A further advantage is that controlled wetting avoids squeezing out of the material of the connecting layer, which minimizes the risk of a short circuit of the top and bottom sides of the semiconductor chip during manufacture.
Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings
Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsformen mit Bezug auf die Figuren erläutert. Es zeigen:Further features and advantages of the present invention will be explained below with reference to embodiments with reference to the figures. Show it:
Ausführungsformen der ErfindungEmbodiments of the invention
In
Auf der Rückseite RS vorgesehen ist eine Metallisierungsschicht MR, welche über eine Verbindungsschicht VR flächig mit einem Substrat S, beispielsweise einem DCB-Substrat, verbunden ist.Provided on the rear side RS is a metallization layer MR which is connected in a planar manner to a substrate S, for example a DCB substrate, via a connection layer VR.
Die rückseitige Metallisierungsschicht MR ist einem umlaufenden ringförmigen Bereich B entlang des Randes R vollständig entfernt, so dass bei der Montage im Bereich B ein Spalt SP zwischen der Verbindungsschicht VR und der Rückseite RS des Halbleiterchips
Folglich gibt es keine Krafteinkopplung auf die sägefehlerbehaftete Kante R des Halbleiterchips
Die Breite d des umlaufenden ringförmigen Bereichs B lässt sich anwendungsspezifisch ermitteln und beträgt üblicherweise einige Prozent des Durchmessers des Halbleiterchips
Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß
Ausführungsform keine Krafteinkopplung auf den sägedefektbehafteten Rand R des Halbleiterchips
Bei der dritten Ausführungsform gemäß
Bei der vierten Ausführungsform gemäß
Bei dieser Ausführungsform ist der ringförmige Bereich B auf der Rückseite R des Halbleiterchips
Selbstverständlich kann der Sandwichaufbau in dieser Hinsicht auch symmetrisch erfolgen, also entweder vorderseitig und rückseitig ein Spalt SP vorgesehen werden oder vorderseitig und rückseitig eine Isolierschicht I vorgesehen werden.Of course, the sandwich structure in this regard can also be symmetrical, ie either front side and rear side, a gap SP can be provided or front and back an insulating layer I can be provided.
Bei der in
Gemäß
Weiter mit Bezug auf
Mittels eines üblichen Ätzprozesses lässt sich dann die Metallisierungsschicht MR aus dem ringförmigen Bereich B unter Verwendung der strukturierten Lackmaske LM entfernen.By means of a conventional etching process, the metallization layer MR can then be removed from the annular region B using the structured resist mask LM.
Im Anschluss an den Ätzschritt zum Entfernen der Metallisierungsschicht MR aus dem ringförmigen Bereich B erfolgt schließlich das Entfernen bzw. Strippen der Lackmaske LM, was zum Prozesszustand gemäß
Gemäß
Durch einen üblichen Ätzprozess wird dann mit Bezug auf
Schließlich mit Bezug auf
Gemäß dem Prozesszustand von
Anschließend erfolgt das Bilden einer Maske LG aus Galvanik-resistenten Material im Bereich B, was zum Prozesszustand gemäß
Schließlich mit Bezug auf
Die Maske LG kann dann entweder als Isolierschicht I analog zur Ausführungsform gemäß
Obwohl die vorliegende Erfindung vorstehend anhand von zwei Ausführungsbeispielen erläutert wurde, ist sie nicht darauf beschränkt, sondern in vielfältiger Weise variierbar.Although the present invention has been explained above with reference to two embodiments, it is not limited thereto, but varied in many ways.
Obwohl die vorliegende Erfindung anhand von einem Leistungshalbleiterbauelement erläutert wurde, ist sie darauf nicht beschränkt, sondern für alle Halbleiterbauelemente anwendbar, die flächig auf ein Substrat geklebt, gebondet, gelötet, gesintert usw. werden.Although the present invention has been explained with reference to a power semiconductor device, it is not limited thereto, but applicable to all semiconductor devices, the surface glued, bonded, soldered, sintered, etc. onto a substrate.
Die vorstehend verwendete Bezeichnung Halbleiterchip kann sich sowohl auf Chips beziehen, die aus einem Wafer gesägt wurden, als auch auf ganze Wafer, wobei das Halbleiterbauelement durch den gesamten Wafer gebildet ist.The term semiconductor chip as used above can refer both to chips which have been sawn from a wafer and to entire wafers, wherein the semiconductor component is formed by the entire wafer.
Obwohl die Halbleiterchips der oben beschriebenen Ausführungsformen eine eckige Form aufwiesen, ist die Erfindung nicht auf die eckige Chipform beschränkt, sondern prinzipiell für beliebige Chipgeometrien anwendbar.Although the semiconductor chips of the above-described embodiments have a polygonal shape, the invention is not limited to the angular chip shape, but is basically applicable to any chip geometries.
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- WO 2001/015235 A1 [0003] WO 2001/015235 A1 [0003]
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DE102022100969A1 (en) | 2022-01-17 | 2023-07-20 | Infineon Technologies Ag | SEMICONDUCTOR CHIP, CHIP SYSTEM, METHOD OF MAKING A SEMICONDUCTOR CHIP AND METHOD OF MAKING A CHIP SYSTEM |
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DE3826736A1 (en) * | 1988-08-05 | 1990-02-08 | Siemens Ag | METHOD FOR SEPARATING LED CHIP ARRANGEMENTS MONOLITHICALLY PRODUCED ON A SEMICONDUCTOR SUB Wafer |
WO2001015235A1 (en) | 1999-08-19 | 2001-03-01 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Vertically structured semiconductor power module |
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