DE102011018539A1 - Electrical machine assembly structure, has rotor arranged outside of annular stator, and structure similar to wheel mount or output flange for enabling decoupling with respect to transverse force between rotor system and flange - Google Patents
Electrical machine assembly structure, has rotor arranged outside of annular stator, and structure similar to wheel mount or output flange for enabling decoupling with respect to transverse force between rotor system and flange Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102011018539A1 DE102011018539A1 DE102011018539A DE102011018539A DE102011018539A1 DE 102011018539 A1 DE102011018539 A1 DE 102011018539A1 DE 102011018539 A DE102011018539 A DE 102011018539A DE 102011018539 A DE102011018539 A DE 102011018539A DE 102011018539 A1 DE102011018539 A1 DE 102011018539A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- rotor
- stator
- annular stator
- flange
- discs
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/22—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating around the armatures, e.g. flywheel magnetos
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/18—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures
- H02K1/187—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures to inner stators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
- H02K7/086—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotor around a fixed spindle; radially supporting the rotor directly
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
- H02K5/203—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium specially adapted for liquids, e.g. cooling jackets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
- H02K5/207—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium with openings in the casing specially adapted for ambient air
Abstract
Description
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Elektrische Maschinen bestehen aus einem Stator, der mit elektrischen Wicklungen versehen ist und einem Rotor. Wird der Rotor außerhalb des Statorsystems angeordnet und im Verhältnis zur Breite des Stators groß dimensioniert, was vorteilhaft ist, wenn große Drehmomente erforderlich sind, gerät der elektromagnetisch wirksame Teil des Stators gewöhnlich zu einem mehr oder weniger schmalen Ring aus magnetisierbarem Material, z. B. in Form geschichteter und entsprechend genuteter Bleche. Um die auf den Stator wirkenden Kräfte auf eine Haltekonstruktion, etwa in Form einer feststehenden Welle, abzustützen, wird der ringförmige Stator gewöhnlich auf einen Metallkern, meist aus nicht magnetischem Material, aufgebracht, der die Verbindung zur Haltekonstruktion darstellt. Dieser Metallkern besitzt gewöhnlich zur Verringerung des Gewichtes Aussparungen oder eine rotationssymmetrische Profilierung. Sollen derartige Maschinen beispielsweise zum Antrieb von Rädern verwendet werden, so wird der Rotor gewöhnlich mit hohen Kräften belastet, die zwischen Rad und Maschine entstehen. Demgemäß wir der Rotor meist ebenfalls sehr massiv aufgebaut.Electrical machines consist of a stator, which is provided with electrical windings and a rotor. If the rotor is arranged outside the stator system and dimensioned large in relation to the width of the stator, which is advantageous when large torques are required, the electromagnetically active part of the stator usually becomes a more or less narrow ring of magnetizable material, eg. B. in the form of layered and correspondingly grooved sheets. In order to support the forces acting on the stator on a support structure, such as in the form of a fixed shaft, the annular stator is usually applied to a metal core, usually of non-magnetic material, which forms the connection to the support structure. This metal core usually has to reduce the weight recesses or rotationally symmetric profiling. If such machines are to be used, for example, to drive wheels, the rotor is usually loaded with high forces that arise between the wheel and the machine. Accordingly, we usually also very solid rotor.
Der Vorteil der beschriebenen herkömmlichen mechanischen Anordnung liegt in der Möglichkeit, das magnetisierbare Statormaterial unmittelbar und durch entsprechende Prozeßschritte wie aufpassen, vergießen etc. mit guter Wärmeübertragung auf einen Metallkern aufzubringen, der auch die Haltekonstruktion beinhalten kann. Dieser Metallkern kann in alle Richtungen wirkende Kräfte aufnehmen bzw. übertragen. Der Vorteil einer massiven Rotorkonstruktion bietet die Möglichkeit, über einen integrierten oder direkt angearbeiteten Flansch unmittelbar Räder aufnehmen zu können und deren Querkräfte zu beherrschen.The advantage of the described conventional mechanical arrangement is the ability to apply the magnetizable stator material directly and by appropriate process steps such as watch out, shedding, etc. with good heat transfer to a metal core, which may also include the support structure. This metal core can absorb or transmit forces acting in all directions. The advantage of a solid rotor design offers the possibility of being able to directly receive wheels via an integrated or directly machined flange and to control their transverse forces.
Kritik am Stand der TechnikCriticism of the state of the art
Ein Nachteil der beschriebenen herkömmlichen mechanischen Anordnung liegt im relativ hohen Gewicht sowohl der als Metallkern ausgeführten Statorhalterung als auch der Rotorkonstruktion, das sich verringern lässt, wenn die Kräfte nach Größe und Richtung berücksichtigt und zur Stabilisierung der Konstruktion mit einbezogen werden, die auf den Metallkern, auf den der ringförmige Stator aufgebracht ist bzw. auf die Haltekonstruktion wirken. Ebenso nachteilig wirkt sich eine massive Rotorkonstruktion, meist in Form einer Stahlglocke, auf das Gewicht aus. Ein weiterer Nachteil ist die erforderliche Anfertigung größerer Dreh- oder Gussteile, die keine Multifunktionalität besitzen.A disadvantage of the described conventional mechanical arrangement resides in the relatively high weight of both the metal core stator support and the rotor construction, which can be reduced if the forces are taken into account in size and direction and are included to stabilize the structure resting on the metal core. on which the annular stator is applied or act on the support structure. Likewise disadvantageous affects a massive rotor construction, usually in the form of a steel bell, on the weight. Another disadvantage is the required production of larger turning or castings that have no multi-functionality.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention
Der erfindungsgemäße Aufbau bezieht die zwischen Stator und Rotor wirkenden axialen magnetischen Kräfte zur Stabilisierung des Systems ein, die besonders bei Maschinen mit Dauermagneten zur Erregung sehr hoch sind und zu einer axialen Zentrierung zwischen Stator und Rotor führen. Dadurch kann der übliche Metallkern entfallen und durch zwei einfache und leichte Scheiben ersetzt werden, die den ringförmigen Stator tragen. Diese Scheiben sind in der Lage, die radialen Kräfte, die sich aus dem Drehmoment der Maschine ergeben, einfach auf die Haltekonstruktion zu übertragen. Werden die Scheiben entsprechend ausgebildet, können sie zusätzliche Funktionen übernehmen, etwa dem ringförmigen Stator, der meist aus übereinander geschichteten Blechen besteht, mechanischen Halt geben und/oder den Statorring gegenüber der Wicklung isolieren, sofern sie aus nicht leitendem Material bestehen und in den Bereich der Nutung des Stators am äußeren Durchmesser riechen. Diese Scheiben können, als Leiterplatten ausgeführt, auch die Verdrahtung der Wicklungen übernehmen und/oder elektronische Komponenten für die Steuerung der Maschine tragen. Ferner können die Scheiben, entsprechend ausgeführt, auch Kühlkanäle abdichten. Diese axiale Zentrierung zwischen Rotor und Stator ermöglicht ebenso eine deutliche Verringerung des Rotorgewichts, sofern der Rotor beidseitig und analog zum Stator durch mindestens zwei Scheiben gehalten und abgestützt wird. Durch die Ausführung der Radaufnahme oder eines Ausgangsflansches der Maschine mit einer Lagerung, die keine oder nur geringe Querkräfte auf das Rotorsystem selbst überträgt, wird dieses entlastet.The structure according to the invention involves the axial magnetic forces acting between the stator and the rotor to stabilize the system, which are very high for excitation in machines with permanent magnets and lead to an axial centering between stator and rotor. As a result, the usual metal core can be omitted and replaced by two simple and lightweight discs that carry the annular stator. These discs are capable of easily transferring the radial forces resulting from the torque of the machine to the support structure. If the discs are formed accordingly, they can take on additional functions, such as the annular stator, which consists mostly of stacked sheets, give mechanical support and / or isolate the stator against the winding, if they consist of non-conductive material and in the field of Smooth groove of the stator at the outer diameter. These slices, designed as printed circuit boards, can also take over the wiring of the windings and / or carry electronic components for the control of the machine. Furthermore, the discs, as stated, can also seal cooling channels. This axial centering between rotor and stator also allows a significant reduction in the rotor weight, provided that the rotor is held on both sides and analogous to the stator by at least two discs and supported. By carrying out the wheel mount or an output flange of the machine with a bearing that transmits little or no lateral forces on the rotor system itself, this is relieved.
Beschreibungdescription
Erfindungsgemäß wird, wie in
Der Rotor h der Maschine wird, in gleicher Weise wie der Stator, zwischen zwei Scheiben i und j gehalten, die im Wesentlichen für die radialen Kräfte ausgelegt werden, also in Axialrichtung relativ nachgiebig sein können. Da sich der Rotor drehen soll, werden die mit ihm verbundenen Scheiben abweichend zum Statorsystem über die beiden Lager k und l abgestützt, die auch die eigentliche Lagerung der Maschine darstellen.The rotor h of the machine is, in the same way as the stator, held between two disks i and j, which are designed essentially for the radial forces, that can be relatively yielding in the axial direction. Since the rotor is to rotate, the disks associated with it are supported differently from the stator system via the two bearings k and l, which also represent the actual mounting of the machine.
Die Kraftabgabe der Maschine, also die Übertragung des Drehmoments vom Rotor auf eine Radaufnahme m oder einen Ausgangsflansch, erfolgt durch einen Kraftschluss zwischen der Scheibe i und dem eigentlichen Flansch mittels starrer oder elastischer Koppelung oder Verschraubung. Zur Beherrschung von Querkräften, die vornehmlich Radkräfte sein werden, erhält die Radaufnahme oder der Ausgangsflansch eine mindestens zweifache stabile Lagerung. Eines der Lager kann, wie in
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102011018539.9A DE102011018539B4 (en) | 2011-04-18 | 2011-04-18 | Design principle for electrical machines with an external rotor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102011018539.9A DE102011018539B4 (en) | 2011-04-18 | 2011-04-18 | Design principle for electrical machines with an external rotor |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE102011018539A1 true DE102011018539A1 (en) | 2012-10-18 |
DE102011018539B4 DE102011018539B4 (en) | 2022-10-13 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
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DE102011018539.9A Active DE102011018539B4 (en) | 2011-04-18 | 2011-04-18 | Design principle for electrical machines with an external rotor |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102021114577A1 (en) | 2021-06-07 | 2022-12-08 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Electrical machine and method for manufacturing an electrical machine |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1992006530A1 (en) | 1990-10-09 | 1992-04-16 | Stridsberg Innovation Ab | An electric power train for vehicles |
DE19954434A1 (en) | 1999-11-11 | 2001-05-17 | Mannesmann Sachs Ag | Electrical machine e.g. for vehicle, has cooling device with shell-shaped housing part that forms cooling channel with stator wall region, and meander-shaped axial channels covered by housing at ends |
US6737786B2 (en) | 2002-02-22 | 2004-05-18 | Chun-Pu Hsu | Wheel drum structure of inner stator portion with inbuilt switches |
IL163700A0 (en) | 2002-03-29 | 2005-12-18 | Wavecrest Lab Llc | Rotary electric motor having concentric annular membets |
DE102007030508B4 (en) | 2007-06-30 | 2014-10-16 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Washing machines direct drive |
JP2010051159A (en) | 2008-08-25 | 2010-03-04 | Mitsuba Corp | Variable field motor |
EP2182619B1 (en) | 2008-10-28 | 2012-10-03 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Arrangement for cooling of an electrical machine |
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2011
- 2011-04-18 DE DE102011018539.9A patent/DE102011018539B4/en active Active
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102021114577A1 (en) | 2021-06-07 | 2022-12-08 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Electrical machine and method for manufacturing an electrical machine |
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DE102011018539B4 (en) | 2022-10-13 |
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