DE102011005059A1 - Method for operating hybrid vehicle, involves providing internal combustion engine which is coupled with rotor of electrical machine by closing clutch, where electrical machine is provided for generating vehicle drive - Google Patents

Method for operating hybrid vehicle, involves providing internal combustion engine which is coupled with rotor of electrical machine by closing clutch, where electrical machine is provided for generating vehicle drive Download PDF

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DE102011005059A1
DE102011005059A1 DE102011005059A DE102011005059A DE102011005059A1 DE 102011005059 A1 DE102011005059 A1 DE 102011005059A1 DE 102011005059 A DE102011005059 A DE 102011005059A DE 102011005059 A DE102011005059 A DE 102011005059A DE 102011005059 A1 DE102011005059 A1 DE 102011005059A1
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combustion engine
internal combustion
clutch
hybrid vehicle
electric machine
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DE102011005059B4 (en
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Franz Bichler
Michael Etzel
Dr. Pöltenstein Axel
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/02—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/30—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of auxiliary equipment, e.g. air-conditioning compressors or oil pumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/18009—Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations
    • B60W30/18072—Coasting
    • B60W2030/1809—Without torque flow between driveshaft and engine, e.g. with clutch disengaged or transmission in neutral
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/06—Combustion engines, Gas turbines
    • B60W2510/068—Engine exhaust temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/24—Energy storage means
    • B60W2510/242—Energy storage means for electrical energy
    • B60W2510/244—Charge state
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2530/00—Input parameters relating to vehicle conditions or values, not covered by groups B60W2510/00 or B60W2520/00
    • B60W2530/12—Catalyst or filter state
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/08—Electric propulsion units
    • B60W2710/083—Torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/10—Change speed gearings
    • B60W2710/1022—Input torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2300/00—Purposes or special features of road vehicle drive control systems
    • B60Y2300/47—Engine emissions
    • B60Y2300/476—Regeneration of particle filters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves providing an internal combustion engine which is coupled with a rotor of an electrical machine (5) by closing a clutch (4), where the electrical machine is provided for generating vehicle drive. The internal combustion engine is lighted in some operating conditions, in which the clutch is opened and a hybrid vehicle is driven by the electrical machine.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betrieben eines Hybridfahrzeugs gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The present invention relates to a method for operating a hybrid vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bei zahlreichen Hybridkonzepten ist die Kurbelwelle eines Verbrennungsmotors über eine Trennkupplung mit einer Eingangswelle eines Getriebes gekoppelt, welche durch eine elektrische Maschine antreibbar ist. Der Rotor der elektrischen Maschine kann unmittelbar auf der Getriebeeingangswelle angeordnet sein. Ein derartiges Parallelhybridkonzept ermöglicht sowohl einen rein verbrennungsmotorischen Antrieb, bei dem die elektrische Maschine „leer” mitläuft bzw. generatorisch betrieben wird, einen rein elektromotorischen Antrieb, bei dem die Kupplung geöffnet und der Verbrennungsmotor abgekoppelt ist, sowie einen überlagerten verbrennungsmotorischen und elektrischen Antrieb. In Schubphasen kann mittels der elektrischen Maschine Antriebsenergie rekuperiert werden.In many hybrid concepts, the crankshaft of an internal combustion engine is coupled via a separating clutch to an input shaft of a transmission, which is drivable by an electric machine. The rotor of the electric machine can be arranged directly on the transmission input shaft. Such a parallel hybrid concept allows both a purely internal combustion engine drive in which the electric machine runs "idle" or is operated as a generator, a purely electric motor drive in which the clutch is opened and the engine is disconnected, and a superimposed internal combustion engine and electric drive. In overrun phases, drive energy can be recuperated by means of the electric machine.

Moderne(Hybrid-)Fahrzeuge sind häufig mit einer sogenannten Motor-Start-/Stopp-Elektronik ausgerüstet. Eine Motor-Start-/Stopp-Elektronik schaltet den Verbrennungsmotor in bestimmten Betriebszuständen, wie z. B. bei stehendem Fahrzeug im Stau oder vor einer roten Ampel, ab und startet den Verbrennungsmotor automatisch, wenn der Fahrer ein Anfahrsignal gibt, (z. B. durch Betätigung des Gas- oder Kupplungspedals etc.).Modern (hybrid) vehicles are often equipped with a so-called engine start / stop electronics. An engine start / stop electronics switches the engine in certain operating conditions, such. B. when the vehicle is in traffic or in front of a red traffic light, and starts the engine automatically when the driver gives a start signal (eg by pressing the gas or clutch pedal, etc.).

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein neuartiges, verbessertes Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Hybridfahrzeugs anzugeben.The object of the invention is to provide a novel, improved method for operating a hybrid vehicle.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.This object is solved by the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.

Ausgangspunkt der Erfindung ist die Erkenntnis, dass es nicht in allen Betriebszuständen sinnvoll ist, im rein elektrischen Fahrbetrieb, d. h. wenn das Hybridfahrzeug ausschließlich durch die elektrische Maschine angetrieben wird und der Verbrennungsmotor abgekoppelt ist bei gleichzeitig vorliegender Bedingung, den Verbrennungsmotor zu betreiben, in den Hybridbetrieb (Verbrennungsmotor und elektrische Maschine treiben an) zu wechseln. Stattdessen kann es sinnvoll sein, den Verbrennungsmotor zu starten und eine Trennkupplung zwischen dem Verbrennungsmotor und einem Getriebeeingang offen zu halten, so dass das Fahrzeug im „elektrischen Fahrmodus” bleibt.The starting point of the invention is the recognition that it is not useful in all operating conditions, in purely electric driving, d. H. when the hybrid vehicle is exclusively driven by the electric machine and the internal combustion engine is decoupled with simultaneous condition to operate the internal combustion engine, in the hybrid operation (internal combustion engine and electric machine drive) to change. Instead, it may be useful to start the engine and keep a disconnect between the engine and a transmission input open, so that the vehicle remains in the "electric drive mode".

Die Erfindung geht dabei von einem „Parallelhybridfahrzeug” aus, das einen Verbrennungsmotor aufweist, der über eine Kupplung mit einer elektrischen Maschine gekoppelt werden kann. Die elektrische Maschine weist einen Rotor auf, der z. B. drehfest mit einer Eingangswelle eines Getriebes gekoppelt sein kann. Bei geöffneter Kupplung ist der Verbrennungsmotor von der Eingangswelle des Getriebes und somit auch von der elektrischen Maschine entkoppelt.The invention is based on a "parallel hybrid vehicle" which has an internal combustion engine, which can be coupled via a coupling with an electric machine. The electric machine has a rotor, the z. B. can be rotatably coupled to an input shaft of a transmission. When the clutch is open, the internal combustion engine is decoupled from the input shaft of the transmission and thus also from the electric machine.

Der Kern der Erfindung besteht darin, dass der Verbrennungsmotor zumindest in manchen Betriebszuständen, in denen die Kupplung geöffnet ist und das Hybridfahrzeug ausschließlich durch die elektrische Maschine angetrieben wird, dennoch befeuert wird (anstatt bei verbrennungsmotorischen Einschaltbedingungen in den Hybridbetrieb zu wechseln).The gist of the invention is that the internal combustion engine is still fired (instead of switching to hybrid operation at engine-on conditions), at least in some operating conditions where the clutch is open and the hybrid vehicle is powered solely by the electric machine.

Es gibt verschiedene Betriebszustände, in denen es sinnvoll sein kann,

  • a) den Verbrennungsmotor im rein elektrischen Fahrbetrieb entkoppelt „mitlaufen” zu lassen, sofern der Verbrennungsmotor abgekoppelt ist, bzw.
  • b) den Verbrennungsmotor zu starten und ihn entkoppelt, d. h. bei geöffneter Kupplung mitlaufen zu lassen.
There are different operating states in which it can be useful
  • a) decoupled the internal combustion engine in purely electrical driving mode "run along", if the internal combustion engine is decoupled, or
  • b) to start the engine and decoupled it, ie to let run with the clutch open.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird mittels einer Elektronik überwacht, ob ein vorgegebenes Abschaltverhinderungssignal vorliegt, wobei bei Taufendem Verbrennungsmotor und Vorliegen eines Abschaltverhinderungssignals ein Abschalten des Verbrennungsmotors verhindert wird. Das Vorliegen eines Abschaltverhinderungssignals kann an das Vorliegen einer oder mehrerer Betriebszustände des Fahrzeugs und/oder Betriebszustände des Verbrennungsmotors geknüpft sein. Beispielsweise kann vorgesehen sein, dass ein Abschaltverhinderungssignal erzeugt wird, wenn mittels einer Sensorik detektiert wird, dass die Temperatur eines Katalysators des Hybridfahrzeugs unter einer vorgegebenen Temperatur liegt. Eine optimale Abgasreinigung setzt nämlich eine bestimmte Mindesttemperatur des Katalysators voraus.According to the invention, it is monitored by means of an electronic system, whether a predetermined switch-off prevention signal is present, wherein a shutdown of the internal combustion engine is prevented when the internal combustion engine is running and when a switch-off prevention signal is present. The presence of a shut-off prevention signal may be linked to the presence of one or more operating states of the vehicle and / or operating states of the internal combustion engine. For example, it can be provided that a shut-off prevention signal is generated when it is detected by means of a sensor that the temperature of a catalytic converter of the hybrid vehicle is below a predetermined temperature. An optimal exhaust gas purification requires a certain minimum temperature of the catalyst.

Alternativ oder ergänzend dazu kann vorgesehen sein, dass ein Abschaltverhinderungssignal erzeugt wird, wenn mittels einer Sensorik detektiert wird, dass die die Beladung eines Abgasfilters, insbesondere eines Aktivkohlefilters einen vorgegebenen Beladungszustand überschreitet.Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that a shut-off prevention signal is generated when it is detected by means of a sensor that exceeds the loading of an exhaust gas filter, in particular an activated carbon filter exceeds a predetermined loading state.

Ferner kann vorgesehen sein, dass ein Abschaltverhinderungssignal erzeugt wird, wenn erkannt wird, dass mindestens ein mechanisch von dem Verbrennungsmotor antreibbares Nebenaggregat, wie z. B. ein Klimakompressor, eine Kühlmittelpumpe o. ä., Antriebsleistung benötigt.Furthermore, it can be provided that a shut-off prevention signal is generated when it is detected that at least one mechanically driven by the internal combustion engine accessory such. As an air compressor, a coolant pump o. Ä., Drive power required.

Ein Abschaltverhinderungssignal kann ferner dann erzeugt werden, wenn mittels einer Sensorik detektiert wird, dass der Ladezustand einer (Niedervolt-)Batterie einen vorgegebenen Wert unterschritten hat. Wird dies detektiert, so kann vorgesehen sein, dass eine elektrische Maschine (Generator am Verbrennungsmotor) dann von dem Verbrennungsmotor angetrieben und die (Niedervolt-)Batterie von der elektrischen Maschine geladen wird, so dass wieder ein Ladezustandsniveau erreicht wird, das oberhalb des vorgegebenen Wertes liegt.A shut-off prevention signal can also be generated if it is detected by means of a sensor that the state of charge of a (low-voltage) battery has fallen below a predetermined value. If this is detected, then it can be provided that an electric machine (generator on the internal combustion engine) is then driven by the internal combustion engine and the (low-voltage) battery is charged by the electric machine, so that again a state of charge level is reached, which is above the predetermined value lies.

Gemäß der Erfindung kann ferner vorgesehen sein, dass mittels einer Elektronik überwacht wird, ob ein vorgegebenes Einschaltaufforderungssignal vorliegt, wobei in Betriebszuständen, in denen das Hybridfahrzeug ausschließlich durch die elektrische Maschine angetrieben wird und ein verbrennungsmotorisches Einschaltaufforderungssignal erkannt wird, der Verbrennungsmotor bei geöffneter Kupplung gestartet wird.According to the invention, it may further be provided that an electronic device is used to monitor whether a predetermined switch-on request signal is present, wherein in operating states in which the hybrid vehicle is exclusively driven by the electric machine and an internal combustion engine switch-on request signal is detected, the internal combustion engine is started when the clutch is open ,

Ein Abschaltverhinderungssignal und/oder ein Einschaltaufforderungssignal kann ferner dann erzeugt werden, wenn bestimmte Diagnosen oder Adaptionen des Verbrennungsmotors durchgeführt werden müssen, z. B. wenn Kraftstoffinjektoren des Verbrennungsmotors adaptiert werden müssen, was nur bei laufendem Verbrennungsmotor möglich ist.A shut-off prevention signal and / or a Einschaltaufforderungssignal can also be generated when certain diagnoses or adaptations of the internal combustion engine must be performed, for. B. if fuel injectors of the internal combustion engine must be adapted, which is possible only when the engine is running.

Nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass in Schubphasen des Hybridfahrzeugs, in denen die Kupplung geöffnet ist, d. h. in denen der Verbrennungsmotor von dem Getriebe abgekoppelt ist, mittels der elektrischen Maschine generatorisch ein Bremsmoment erzeugt wird, welches das Bremsmoment, das der Verbrennungsmotor bei geschlossener Kupplung auf die Eingangswelle des Getriebes ausüben würde, simuliert. Der Fahrer spürt somit in Schubphasen, in denen der Verbrennungsmotor abgekoppelt ist, im Wesentlichen dasselbe Verzögerungsmoment wie bei „eingekoppeltem” Verbrennungsmotor, was nicht nur den Fahrkomfort, sondern auch die Fahrsicherheit erhöht. Bei geöffneter Trennkupplung, d. h. im rein elektrischen Fahrbetrieb, wird also das Verzögerungsverhalten des Fahrzeugs – abgesehen von der vom Fahrer zu betätigenden Betriebsbremse – nur durch die elektrische Maschine bestimmt. Das typischerweise vom Verbrennungsmotor gelieferte Schleppmoment wird bei geöffneter Trennkupplung von der elektrischen Maschine durch einen höheren rekuperativen Beitrag simuliert. Durch das häufigere Öffnen der Trennkupplung (im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Hybridfahrzeugen) kann mehr kinetische Energie in elektrische Energie umgewandelt werden, was sich günstig auf den Gesamtenergieverbrauch des Fahrzeugs auswirkt.According to a development of the invention it is provided that in overrun phases of the hybrid vehicle in which the clutch is open, d. H. in which the internal combustion engine is decoupled from the transmission, a braking torque is generated by means of the electric machine as a generator, which simulates the braking torque that would exert the internal combustion engine with the clutch on the input shaft of the transmission. The driver thus feels in overrun phases in which the internal combustion engine is decoupled, essentially the same deceleration torque as in "coupled" internal combustion engine, which not only increases the ride comfort, but also driving safety. When the separating clutch is open, d. H. in purely electrical driving, so the deceleration behavior of the vehicle - apart from the operating brake to be operated by the driver - only determined by the electric machine. The drag torque typically provided by the internal combustion engine is simulated by the electric machine with a higher recuperative contribution when the disconnect clutch is open. More frequent opening of the disconnect clutch (compared to conventional hybrid vehicles) can convert more kinetic energy into electrical energy, which has a favorable effect on the overall energy consumption of the vehicle.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung im Zusammenhang mit der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Die einzige 1 zeigt stark schematisiert den Aufbau des der Erfindung zugrunde liegenden Parallelhybridkonzepts.In the following the invention will be explained in connection with the drawing. The only 1 shows very schematically the structure of the invention underlying parallel hybrid concept.

1 zeigt einen Parallelhybridantrieb 1 mit einem Verbrennungsmotor 2, der eine Kurbelwelle 3 aufweist. Die Kurbelwelle 3 kann über eine Kupplung 4 mit einer elektrischen Maschine 5, welche hier auf einer Eingangswelle 6 eines Automatikgetriebes 7 angeordnet ist, gekoppelt werden. Mit dem Verbrennungsmotor gekoppelt ist ferner eine elektrische Maschine A (Generator/Lichtmaschine). 1 shows a parallel hybrid drive 1 with an internal combustion engine 2 that a crankshaft 3 having. The crankshaft 3 can via a clutch 4 with an electric machine 5 which are here on an input shaft 6 an automatic transmission 7 is arranged to be coupled. Also coupled to the internal combustion engine is an electric machine A (generator / alternator).

Wie oben bereits dargelegt, wird der Verbrennungsmotor 2 zumindest in manchen Betriebszuständen, in denen die Kupplung 4 geöffnet ist und das Hybridfahrzeug ausschließlich durch die elektrische Maschine 5 angetrieben wird, befeuert.As already stated above, the internal combustion engine 2 at least in some operating conditions in which the clutch 4 is open and the hybrid vehicle exclusively by the electric machine 5 is powered, fired.

Claims (8)

Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Hybridfahrzeugs, welches einen Verbrennungsmotor (2) aufweist, der durch Schließen einer Kupplung (4) mit einem Rotor einer zur Erzeugung von Fahrzeugvortrieb vorgesehenen elektrischen Maschine (5) koppelbar ist, wobei der Rotor mit einer Eingangswelle (6) eines Getriebes (7) gekoppelt ist und der Verbrennungsmotor (2) bei geöffneter Kupplung (4) von der Eingangswelle (6) des Getriebes (7) entkoppelt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Verbrennungsmotor (2) zumindest in machen Betriebszuständen, in denen die Kupplung (4) geöffnet ist und das Hybridfahrzeug ausschließlich durch die elektrische Maschine (5) angetrieben wird, dennoch befeuert wird.Method for operating a hybrid vehicle, which has an internal combustion engine ( 2 ), which by closing a clutch ( 4 ) with a rotor of an electric vehicle provided for generating vehicle propulsion ( 5 ) is coupled, wherein the rotor with an input shaft ( 6 ) of a transmission ( 7 ) and the internal combustion engine ( 2 ) with the clutch open ( 4 ) from the input shaft ( 6 ) of the transmission ( 7 ) is decoupled, characterized in that the internal combustion engine ( 2 ) at least in operating states in which the clutch ( 4 ) is open and the hybrid vehicle exclusively by the electric machine ( 5 ) is powered, yet fired. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in Schubphasen des Hybridfahrzeugs, in denen die Kupplung (4) geöffnet ist, mittels der elektrischen Maschine (5) generatorisch ein Bremsmoment erzeugt wird, welches das Bremsmoment, das der Verbrennungsmotor (2) bei geschlossener Kupplung (4) auf die Eingangswelle (6) des Getriebes (7) ausüben würde, simuliert.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that in deceleration phases of the hybrid vehicle, in which the clutch ( 4 ) is opened by means of the electric machine ( 5 ) a braking torque is generated regeneratively, which is the braking torque that the internal combustion engine ( 2 ) when the clutch is closed ( 4 ) on the input shaft ( 6 ) of the transmission ( 7 ) would simulate. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mittels einer Elektronik überwacht wird, ob ein vorgegebenes Abschaltverhinderungssignal vorliegt, wobei bei laufendem Verbrennungsmotor (2) und Vorliegen eines Abschaltverhinderungssignals ein Abschalten des Verbrennungsmotors (2) verhindert wird.A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that is monitored by means of an electronics, whether a predetermined shut-off prevention signal is present, wherein when the internal combustion engine ( 2 ) and presence of a shut-off prevention signal, a shutdown of the internal combustion engine ( 2 ) is prevented. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Abschaltverhinderungssignal erzeugt wird, wenn mittels einer Sensorik detektiert oder ermittelt wird, dass ein verbrennungsmotorisches Einschaltaufforderungssignal vorliegt, insbesondere dass die Temperatur eines Katalysators des Hybridfahrzeugs unter einer vorgegebenen Temperatur liegt.A method according to claim 3, characterized in that a shut-off prevention signal is generated when detected by means of a sensor or is determined that an internal combustion engine Einschaltaufforderungssignal is present, in particular that the temperature of a catalyst of the hybrid vehicle is below a predetermined temperature. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Abschaltverhinderungssignal erzeugt wird, wenn mittels einer Sensorik detektiert oder ermittelt wird, dass die Beladung eines Abgasfilters, insbesondere eines Aktivkohlefilters, einen vorgegebenen Beladungszustand überschreitet. A method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that a shut-off prevention signal is generated when detected by means of a sensor or determined that the loading of an exhaust gas filter, in particular an activated carbon filter, exceeds a predetermined loading state. Verfahren nach einem Ansprüche 3 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Abschaltverhinderungssignal erzeugt wird, wenn erkannt wird, dass mindestens ein mechanisch von dem Verbrennungsmotor (2) antreibbares Nebenaggregat Antriebsleistung benötigt.Method according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that a shut-off prevention signal is generated when it is detected that at least one of the mechanical combustion engine ( 2 ) drivable auxiliary drive power required. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Abschaltverhinderungssignal erzeugt wird, wenn mittels einer Sensorik detektiert wird, dass der Ladezustand einer Batterie einen vorgegebenen Ladezustandswert unterschritten hat, wobei eine elektrische Maschine (A) dann von dem Verbrennungsmotor (2) angetrieben und die Batterie von der elektrischen Maschine (A) geladen wird.Method according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that a shut-off prevention signal is generated when it is detected by means of a sensor that the state of charge of a battery has fallen below a predetermined state of charge value, wherein an electric machine (A) then from the internal combustion engine ( 2 ) and the battery is charged by the electric machine (A). Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mittels einer Elektronik überwacht wird, ob ein vorgegebenes Einschaltaufforderungssignal vorliegt, wobei in Betriebszuständen, in denen das Hybridfahrzeug ausschließlich durch die elektrische Maschine (5) angetrieben wird und ein verbrennungsmotorisches Einschaltaufforderungssignal erkannt wird, der Verbrennungsmotor (2) bei geöffneter Kupplung (4) gestartet wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it is monitored by means of electronics, whether a predetermined switch-on request signal is present, wherein in operating states in which the hybrid vehicle exclusively by the electric machine ( 5 ) and an internal combustion engine start-up request signal is detected, the internal combustion engine ( 2 ) with the clutch open ( 4 ) is started.
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