DE102010045420A1 - Veneer and method of making a veneer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a veneer, in particular produced by a method according to one of claims 16 to 20, wherein said at least one base ceramic element (1), an opaque intermediate layer (2) and at least one surface ceramic element (3), wherein the maximum total thickness of the veneer a Value from the group 0.50, 0.45, 0.40, 0.35, 0.30 mm and / or the opaque intermediate layer (2) is applied by the method of painting or by spraying and / or the layer thickness of the opaque intermediate layer ( 2) is in the range of 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm.

Description

The invention relates to a veneer and a method for producing a veneer.

In dental technology, dental veneers have been sought-after on the patient side for some years, particularly broken or severely worn teeth, teeth with large, unsightly plastic fillings, discolored teeth, gaps between the anterior teeth, teeth of varying sizes, tooth position corrections, local or generalized hard tissue hypoplasia or texture problems as well as to the construction of functional surfaces (front canine guidance) and to increase the dental stability, for example after root canal treatments and crown fractions, to treat or use. The veneers used by the dentists for treatment are basically subdivided into veneers with dissection of the tooth and veneers without dissection.

Treatment with veneers is very often an elective benefit of the patient, so that against this background accurate predictability of the treatment outcome is an essential requirement for the acceptance of such veneers. Conventional veneers with or without preparation of the tooth are generally produced in a ceramic layer in the press or layer process. In the pressing process, the individual components or the finished mass are pressed into a negative mold, in particular a tooth to be treated. In the layer method many individual layers of the same material or even several materials are applied to each other, with multilayer veneers with opaque layer portion are generally thicker than 0.5 mm.

For veneers without an opaque layer, the final color effect results from the combination of the veneer ceramic with the individually selected color of the fastening material. Since veneers are usually used in the case of discolored teeth, in practice, these veneers are very often associated with parabolic problems after gluing the veneers, which are only conditionally preceded by so-called try-in pastes (try-in pastes) Glycerine pastes provided in the color of the composites available for attachment are intended to simulate the color effect of the composites on the veneer during attachment to the tooth, the try-in pastes being rinsed with water again) can be prevented when trying on the veneer. This color problem with conventional veneers without opaque layer portion becomes more difficult, the more the manufacturer of the veneers in the sense of a minimally invasive dental treatment try to further reduce the layer thickness of the ceramic. The same applies, in particular, if cosmetic dental treatments are to be carried out with so-called single-layer non-prep veneers (ie veneers without preparation of the tooth). The predictability of the color treatment result is therefore not given to date with conventional veneers without opaque layer portion to the same extent as in a complete crowning of the teeth. Therefore, the application of veneers is very often not required because of the above-mentioned clinical and technical difficulties.

In the case of broken tooth edges in the incisor region, conventional veneers without opaque layer components lack the background for a natural color structure. The result is that mouth opening causes the darkness of the oral cavity to make the veneers look gray.

Non-prep veneers have the additional drawback from the technical side that the non-contoured aprismatic enamel surface (in deciduous teeth as well as in the gingival third of permanent teeth, the topmost enamel layer is prismless to a depth of 0.02 to 0.22 mm on average conditioning a prismless enamel gives an etching pattern of type 3 which shows no prism morphology, an etching pattern of type 3 hardly gives retention to plastic) a worse etch pattern results in the conditioning of the tooth to be treated and thus a poorer bond between ceramics and adhesive (which ultimately hardens into a plastic) is formed when gluing the ceramic.

Conventional multilayer veneers with an opaque layer portion could hitherto not be made thinner than 0.5 mm due to the thickness of the individual layers. 0.5 mm apply from the state of the art (see in particular also US 5,186,626 ; Column 6, lines 15 ff) as generally unreachable. In their application, the teeth are prepped from the outside, the extent of the preparation depth being dependent on the thickness of the veneers used. The goal of a contemporary minimally invasive treatment of teeth without crowning with color-stable multilayer veneers with opaque layer portion is therefore not feasible in practice.

It is therefore an object of the invention to at least partially reduce or to solve the above-mentioned disadvantages, in particular to provide a multilayer veneer with opaque layer portion, so that even with non-preparation of the tooth to be treated in a very thin design of the individual ceramic layers of the veneer anyway through an opaque interlayer an excellent adaptation to the tooth to be treated and possibly to the appropriate environment is made possible, so that sets a highly natural optical color impression.

This object is achieved by a veneer according to claim 1 and a method according to claim 16.

According to the invention, the veneer has at least one surface ceramic element, at least one opaque intermediate layer and at least one base ceramic element, so that ultrahigh optical properties are ultimately achieved by the multi-part design with appropriate choice of materials and color matching. In this case, the base ceramic element acts as a kind of carrier layer on which ultimately the opaque intermediate layer and the surface ceramic element are arranged in order to produce a certain visual impression. The construction of a veneer by means of at least these three components thus disturbing gaps, so Materialausnehmungen, and material reductions or discoloration can be covered so that before a defined color background then the at least one surface ceramic element can be adapted without great difficulty due to the first two layers to the optical desire.

According to the invention, it has been possible for the first time to construct a three-part veneer consisting of a surface ceramic element, an opaque intermediate layer and a base ceramic element having a maximum thickness no greater than 0.5 mm, the maximum total thickness of the veneer being a value of the group may be 0.50, 0.45, 0.40, 0.35, 0.30 mm so that the maximum total thickness of the veneer may be 0.50 mm or 0.45 mm or 0.40 mm or 0 , 35 mm or 0.30 mm. That is, all maximum total veneer thicknesses are from 0.30 mm to 0.50 mm. For example, and in particular or according to the invention, the very thin maximum total thickness of the veneer is achieved in that the layer thickness of the opaque intermediate layer is in the range of 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm. Such a thin layer thickness of the opaque intermediate layer, in particular of only 0.1 mm, is for example and advantageously only possible in that the opaque intermediate layer is either a lime ceramic or a spray ceramic and is thus applied by means of painting, for example brushing on, or spraying (painting method or spraying method)

According to the invention, the term or constituent of the terms "ceramic" is also to be understood as meaning glasses, glass ceramics and, of course, ceramics as such, glass ceramics in particular being likely to be used here.

In practice, it has turned out to be extremely advantageous if the intermediate layer applied to the base ceramic element has the opacity of the ceramic reinforcing ingredients such as titanium oxide and tin oxide (for example, and in particular Fa. Degudent, Duceragold, Kiss Opal, White Surface), which at the same time is the base color support the restoration.

This applies to the same extent if the surface ceramics element has the transparency (complete light transmission) and translucency (partial light transmission) reinforcing ingredients whose light-optical properties allow the naturalness of the tooth to be restored.

These materials (for example and in particular Fa. Degudent, Duceragold, Kiss Base) are easy to apply, reliable in their properties and can be adapted according to the optical requirements.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the base ceramic element and / or the surface ceramic element is adapted to the color or are to be treated tooth to give a particularly high natural visual impression.

Moreover, it is advantageous if the color matching is realized by means of a spectral analysis in order to also take into account different light conditions and in this way to ensure a very high accuracy of the absorptions and reflections of the individual wavelengths.

In practice, it has proven to be advantageous if the layer thickness of the base ceramic element and / or the surface ceramic element is in the range of 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm and that of the intermediate layer in the range of 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm ,

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the ceramic of the base ceramic element is a pressed ceramic, for example Cergo (Degudent), since substrates which are consistent in terms of quality and optical property can also be produced for several veneers in a treatment case.

In the future, it may be advantageous to produce the three-piece veneer or individual layers of the veneer in a CAD / CAM process, if it is possible to produce a milled ceramic with the optical and other material properties of the required ceramics.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the ceramic of the intermediate layer is an opaque matrix ceramic (for example and in particular Fa. Degudent, Duceragold, White Surface) or injection ceramics (for example and especially Fa. Degudent, Duceragold, Kiss Opal) Painting method or by spraying, in particular by means of spray gun (for example, and especially the company ITW Industrial Finishing, ITW SURFACES ET FINITIONS DEVILBISS VIPER) is applied.

In addition, it is advantageous if the ceramic of the surface ceramic element is a layered ceramic (for example, and in particular Fa. Degudent, Duceragold, Kiss Base), since individual adaptations to the treatment case can be carried out specifically according to the optical requirements. Through a variety of additional effect masses (for example, and in particular Fa. Degudent, Duceragold, Kiss Power), the basic color shade is supported and the natural enamel appearance are burned in the surface layer.

For the most inconspicuous application to a tooth to be treated, it is advantageous for optical reasons, if the layer thickness of the base ceramic element in the region of the vestibular-cervical and incisal palatal preparation borders to the surface expires, in other words that within these limits, the ceramic of the intermediate layer and the Ceramics of the surface ceramic element to cover the ceramic of the base ceramic element and in the corresponding edge areas a flowing and thus natural appearing transition from surface ceramic element, intermediate layer to base ceramic element to natural tooth can take place.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the outer tooth-facing layer, which is placed in use on a tooth to be treated, of the base ceramic element of the veneer is fixed by means of a transparent adhesive to the tooth. The adhesive, which is usually chemically hardening in thicker Schichtveneers because of insufficient light transport, can also be purely light-curing in the novel veneers according to the invention, which allows the advantage of longer processing time. Thus, it is particularly advantageous if the adhesive is light-curing, since the curing as such by means of special optical fibers and the application of appropriate wavelengths practice, since in this way a secure bond between the tooth to be treated and the veneer or the base ceramic element of the Veneers can take place. The use of a transparent adhesive is advantageous since detrimental optical discoloration, in particular yellowing, can not be observed as strongly with transparent adhesives as with colored adhesives.

Finally, it is advantageous if the surface of the surface ceramic element has a tooth-typical rheological surface structure, so that a very natural overall impression can be realized in this respect.

By pressing technique, the base ceramic element is constructed. In the first step, the usually prepared tooth is blocked out on a model and a preparation margin is exposed. The area required for the bonding on the prepared tooth surface is created by a special spacer lacquer, which does not affect the accuracy of the marginal seal. Subsequently, a base ceramic element is modeled on the model tooth made of wax and embedded for the pressing process in a refractory and sufficiently stable investment material, pressed and taken care of on the model tooth.

The evaluation of a digital color analysis of the contoured tooth surface, which serves as a background for the veneer, as well as a digital color analysis of the reference neighboring teeth determined the selection of the stain paint for the intermediate layer. The selected opacity of the paint or spray paint ensures with their optical properties that the tooth background has no influence on the color effect of the surface ceramic element and thus of the entire veneer. At the same time the Malkeramik or spray ceramic is selected according to the digital color analysis so that the color effect of the layered ceramic of the surface ceramic element is predictably guaranteed and that the veneer has the desired tooth color after gluing. If necessary, the intermediate layer can be additionally prepared with special effect materials based on ceramics. Here are especially pigmented masses used, whose color saturation provides the basis for the color to be achieved. This property is supported and improved by the incorporation of special effect compounds (for example and in particular Fa. Degudent, Duceragold, Kiss Opal, LFC stains). With individual ceramic materials (glass-ceramics for layers), the surface ceramic element is built up and thus the entire veneer. The ceramic materials used here meet all light optical requirements and are adapted in their properties to the material of the base elements.

For discolored teeth that are to be covered with a veneer, or for a color improvement aimed at by the veneer treatment, the surface sink is used as an "optical space" for the color build-up of the surface ceramic by the creation of a surface sink in the incisal tooth portion. The The surface of this depression is "optically dense" due to the opaque interlayer. Thus, it is possible in the visible range to reconstruct the optical properties of a natural tooth with the aid of the structure of the surface ceramic element, in which in particular opalescence, transparency and translucency are important, especially in the incisal area.

After appropriate firing (The restoration is subjected to a special temperature cycle in a ceramic kiln, controlled heating and cooling are required) and functional incision is made by individualizing the surface of the veneer and then adding a final glaze firing.

For the aforementioned functional grinding, the model pair is set in a chewing simulator (articulator). In this device, the patient's chewing movements are reproducible after adjustment of the patient's articular path data. By selective grinding in relation to the opposing jaw an optimal form of the restoration is achieved. The surface is sanded to natural specifications. The structures and reflection facets thus formed on the surface imitate the natural tooth surface.

The invention will be explained by way of non-limiting example with reference to the following figures, wherein

1 - sketchy a three-dimensional representation of a slightly damaged tooth ( 4 ) with a melt surface ( 5 ) shows;

2 - the in 1 after contouring the vestibular enamel surface ( 5 ) illustrated tooth ( 4 ) with contouring edges ( 6 ) in the enamel already a base ceramic element ( 1 ) and an intermediate layer ( 2 ) having;

3 - sketchy a veneer consisting of surface ceramics ( 3 ), Intermediate layer ( 2 ) and base ceramic element ( 1 ) and comprising a fixing composite ( 7 ), which is pressed when glued to a microfilm thin;

4 - represents the veneer applied to the damaged tooth;

5 - represents the veneer applied to a non-damaged tooth.

In 1 is sketchy in perspective view of an incisor to recognize, which is slightly broken off at its tip and thus has a reduced enamel coat. As preparation for the fixation of a later veneer, at least a removal of the aprismatic enamel to a depth of 0.2 mm or a vestibular contouring of the tooth to a maximum depth of 0.5 mm takes place vestibularly. The contact point areas of the prepared tooth to its adjacent teeth (the areas in which a point or line contact is naturally present) remain preserved, unless approximale plastic fillings are included in the Veneerversorgung with. In the incisal third, a 0.2 mm deep cavity is created, which creates space for discolored teeth or a desired color improvement for the color structure of surface ceramics ("optical space").

After appropriate preparation, a base ceramic element is made on the left side up to the lower tip 1 applied and with an intermediate layer ( 2 ) (s. 2 ) in order to connect to it in 3 shown surface ceramic element 3 in addition, the principle of multi-part, in particular three-part, can be seen. The basic ceramic element 1 is made like a thin shell with a corresponding edge shot to the remaining tooth. A corresponding point here is an edge profile which has already been machined into the base element and incised in the base element. At the layer thickness of the base element 1 Care must be taken to ensure that sufficient space is available for the subsequent completion of the tooth form. For broken teeth as in 1 is the incisal area, which is actually filled with the opaque interlayer, to be kept free in such cases for the optically natural design of surface ceramics. A fixing composite 7 (For example, and in particular Fa. Dentsply Calibra esthetic resin cement base medium) is expressed in the pasting to a microfilm.

In 4 is again in perspective to recognize that the entire veneer from the base ceramic element 1 , the intermediate layer 2 and the surface ceramic element 3 exists, which achieved a very natural impression due to the respective setting of the optical properties of all elements. In 5 is the entire veneer made of basic ceramic element 1 , the intermediate layer 2 and the surface ceramic element 3 shown on a not broken tooth. An optical space is not necessary in this case, since the tooth background is preserved up to the incisal space and continues to maintain the natural light transport after gluing the veneer in the reconstructed total tooth.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• US 5186626 [0007]

Claims (19)

Veneer, in particular produced by a method according to one of claims 16 to 20, wherein said at least one base ceramic element ( 1 ), an opaque intermediate layer ( 2 ) and at least one surface ceramic element ( 3 ), characterized in that a) the maximum total thickness of the veneer has a value from the group 0.50, 0.45, 0.40, 0.35, 0.30 mm and / or b) the opaque intermediate layer ( 2 ) is applied by the method of painting or spraying and / or c) the layer thickness of the opaque intermediate layer ( 2 ) is in the range 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm. Veneer according to claim 1, characterized in that the base ceramic element ( 1 ) consists of a typical feldspar-based dental ceramic which, after fritting, contains the following components: SiO ₂ , Al ₂ O ₃ , B ₂ O ₃ , Li ₂ O, Na ₂ O, K ₂ O, MgO, P ₂ O ₅ . Veneer according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the surface ceramic element ( 2 ) consists of a typical feldspar-based dental ceramic which, after fritting, contains the following components: SiO ₂ , Al ₂ O ₃ , B ₂ O ₃ , Li ₂ O, Na ₂ O, K ₂ O, MgO, P ₂ O ₅ . Veneer according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the base ceramic element ( 1 ) and / or the surface ceramic element ( 3 ) is color-matched to a tooth to be treated ( 4 ). Veneer according to claim 4, characterized in that the color adaptation is realized by means of a spectral analysis. Veneer according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the layer thickness of the base ceramic element ( 1 ) is in the range of 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm. Veneer according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the layer thickness of the surface ceramic element ( 3 ) is in the range of 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm. Veneer according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the layer thickness of the opaque intermediate layer ( 2 ) is in the range 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm. Veneer according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it is in the ceramic of the base ceramic element ( 1 ) is a pressed ceramic. Veneer according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it is in the ceramic of the opaque intermediate layer ( 2 ) is a Malkeramik or a spray ceramic. Veneer according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it is in the ceramic of the surface ceramic element ( 3 ) is a layered ceramic. Veneer according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the layer thickness of the base ceramic element ( 1 ) in the area of the vestibular-cervical and incisal-palatal preparation margins ( 5 ) to the surfaces of a tooth to be treated ( 4 ) expires. Veneer according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the outer tooth facing veneer layer, which is placed in use on a tooth to be treated, of the base ceramic element ( 1 ) of the veneer is fixed to the tooth by means of a transparent adhesive. Veneer according to claim 13, characterized in that the adhesive is light-curing or chemically curing. Veneer according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the surface of the surface ceramics element ( 3 ) has a typical rheological surface structure. Method for producing a veneer, the latter being composed of at least one base ceramic element ( 1 ), at least one opaque intermediate layer ( 2 ) and a surface ceramic element ( 3 ), characterized in that the maximum total thickness of the veneer has a value from the group 0.50, 0.45, 0.40, 0.35, 0.30 mm. A method according to claim 16, characterized in that the veneer is one of claims 1 to 14. Method according to one of claims 16 to 17, characterized in that the opaque intermediate layer is applied by the painting process. Method according to one of claims 16 to 17, characterized in that the opaque intermediate layer is applied by spraying.

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