DE102010036580A1 - Fuel-form-pressing comprises simultaneously filling at least a 2 form-section of a hollow-form having a common, vertical interface with at least differently colored fuel powders along the interface, and compacting to a fuel form - Google Patents

Abstract

Fuel-form-pressing comprises simultaneously filling at least a 2 form-section of a hollow-form having a common, vertical interface with at least differently colored fuel powders along the interface, and compacting to a fuel form. Independent claims are also included for: (1) a device for carrying out the fuel-form-pressing, comprising at least 2 separate fuel-powder-feed (1), a fuel-powder infeed (2), a hollow-form (3), and a compressor-device (4); and (2) the fuel form produced by the above mentioned method, where the powder forming the fuel form is compacted with a density of at least 90%, preferably at least 99%, and the fuel form is arranged in at least 2 differently colored form-section with the common, vertical interface.

Description

TECHNICAL PART

The present invention relates to a fuel-molding press method according to the preamble of the independent main claim, a device for its implementation and a fuel mold produced according to the method.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART

Fuel-molding processes provide a solid fuel at room temperature with the application of heat and / or force to the desired, easy-to-handle, and easier-to-use form. Particularly in the production of candles, a differently colored design of individual sections of the fuel mold is requested by the customer.

The fuel in candles is generally made from refractory raw materials, including stearines, fatty acids, industrial and / or natural oils, fats and alcohols. Known raw materials are industrial raw materials such as paraffin or renewable raw materials of plant and / or animal origin such as rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, fish oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil, soybean, corn, peanut, cottonseed, sesame or palm oil. The production of candles from these raw materials is usually carried out by casting, pressing, drawing or extruding.

Tea and maxi-light are usually prepared by a molding-press process in which a granulate of a raw material and / or raw material mixture is added as a powder in a mold. Subsequently, the granules are compacted under a force to the desired fuel body of a tealight with a central wick channel, removed and burned body and wick are mounted.

Known, differently colored candle body are layered, sectioned or stranded; horizontal layers or core-shell structures are for example from the DE 28 06 182 A1 as well as the DE 29 32 232 A1 known; Such structures are formed in several, successive steps with liquid fuel layer or section and solidified.

For partially colored candles, it is also an established method to assemble the colored waxes in the form of strands or rods made into a shape and then superficially melt again by heating and pressure the individual strands, bonding together and thereby form the solid plug body as a continuous shape ; Such methods are for example from DE 610 327 A or the DE 694 18 336 T2 known.

Common to all established methods is that successive discrete volumes are formed, remelted at least superficially and then integrated into the plug body.

A disadvantage of the established method, firstly that energy is expended for the formation of the sections and then these sections must be remelted superficially again in order to obtain the required shape. Another disadvantage is that each separate formation further delays the manufacturing process and makes it increasingly complicated. Discreetly composed of small, individual rods forms in the production of time-consuming, labor-intensive and extremely expensive, since a series production here is difficult to afford.

Despite the regular optimization of manufacturing and production processes in this area, no molding process has been established so far, which could remedy this situation. The common opinion is that just the finely divided fuel powder used here can not be filled sufficiently accurately into individual sections. In addition, it is not possible to assemble the sections in a known manner and finally connect them, since even slight differences in the density of the sections lead to inhomogeneous, final compression and melting. The shapes produced in this way are already visually distorted by setting processes during compaction / bonding and sometimes burn off at different speeds; such candles are extremely prone to leaking and melting in sections, which is rejected by the customer.

It was therefore an object of the present invention to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a fuel-molding process, in particular a candle-molding process, which permits a cost-effective, industrial production of fuel molds, in particular shaped candles, with different colored sections provides, while ensuring the necessary uniformity of the fuel mold, in particular candle shape.

The solution of this object is achieved according to the features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims and the following description.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION AND ADVANTAGEOUS CHARACTERISTICS

According to the invention, a fuel-molding press method comprises the steps of (a) simultaneously filling at least two mold sections of a mold cavity with a common vertical interface with differently colored fuel powders at least along the interface and (b) compressing to a fuel Shape.

Contrary to the established opinion, fuel powders have proved to be surprisingly controllable when filling the mold cavity; 2 parallel, separated granulate streams with the same speed and different color with a mean granule size in the range of 0.3 millimeters after compression in the vertically extended fuel form a clearly recognizable, sharp boundary line as a color transition, which to one centimeter Length with continuous course deviated maximally by 1 millimeter from the geometric dividing line.

At the same filling speed, it was thus possible to produce a shaped-press candle of different colors in two vertically separated mold sections.

The inventors assume that sufficient attention has so far not been given to electrical grounding in the case of similar or similar tests: In the event of insufficient grounding, the powders, which are used in the form of granules in the millimeter to submillimeter range, can charge statically. As a result, the bulky, charged by friction particles repel each other and no longer flow laminar in the vertical flow in the mold, but break out horizontally and jump in the hollow shape and down until the filling process is completed. Thus, the established belief that powders are not suitable for the separate, simultaneous filling of mold sections A of a fuel mold is understandable.

Form section here refers to a spatial portion of the produced fuel mold, which occupies part of the fuel mold and the hollow mold. Thus, a fuel mold consists of at least two mold sections A, which have a common interface, and the entirety of all mold sections A thus jointly form the fuel mold and the volume of the hollow mold.

'Vertical' is in this case based on the flow direction of the fuel powder to be filled: The powder is filled in the vertical flow direction in the predetermined shape as a hollow mold; In this case, the at least two mold sections A are filled at least along their common interface with powder of different color and the interface is formed as a sharp, uniform color transition.

'Compacting' means the final compression of the powder; In this case, the irregular granules particles of the powder are plastically pressed into each other and into the mold until the proportion of voids in the fuel mold, which is also referred to below as a void ratio, is at most 10%. With a maximum degree of void of 10%, a fuel form can already be removed as a continuous body.

The filling preferably takes place with pneumatic powder with pneumatic support, in which a parallel air stream carries the particles and / or conducts them evenly in the mold in a parallel flow path; Particularly preferably, the pressure gradient is varied relative to the filling level, so that the static pressure drop over the already filled powder bed is compensated and the powder flow is kept constant and uniform. In this case, each individual powder stream is regulated particularly advantageously in terms of its powder throughput and / or its supporting air flow.

More preferably, the filling takes place while applying a vibration to the hollow mold; a vibration quickly brings powder volumes into a horizontal, uniform filling position in the mold; Cone formation and subsequent slippage or mixing of mold sections A can thus be additionally avoided, as a result of which complicated and partially intermeshing interfaces can be mapped sufficiently precisely.

Particularly preferably, this measure is carried out in combination with a continuously continuously controlled addition of different, parallel powder streams, whereby complex, intermeshing mold sections A can be precisely reproduced with continuously in the horizontal shifting interface.

An apparatus according to the invention for carrying out the method comprises at least 2 separate fuel powder feeds 1 , a fuel powder feed 2 , a hollow shape 3 , and a compressor device 4 ,

Fuel powder feeders 1 Make the at least two different colored fuel powder wide. In an advantageously simple embodiment, these are designed as funnels with controlled filling level of the powder in the funnel. Advantageously have fuel powder feeds 1 turn on the flow side controlled fuel powder feeders on; colored powder streams, which in turn provide a color transition between the at least two mold sections A in the outflow-side hollow mold, are presented in a different manner 3 provide.

The fuel powder feed 2 allows the feeding of the - preferably in the feed regulated individually miscible - powder flow in the outflow-side arranged hollow mold 3 ,

Advantageously, the fuel-powder feed 2 Downstream facilities for the separate alignment of individual powder streams - particularly preferably in combination with inflow side, pneumatic carrier streams and / or baffles - on.

Particularly advantageous is the fuel-powder feed 2 Inlet-side template volumes with controllable level and / or connected on the inflow side, pneumatic carrier flow inlet.

The hollow shape 3 constructively specifies the volume of the intended fuel shape consisting of all form sections A as the negative volume.

Preferably, the Holhform has a device for Aufbrinung a vibration and / or a connection to a - preferably pneumatic - powder flow control system. A powder flow control system allows the controlled, improved uniform introduction of vertically guided, composed of at least two powders powder flow into the mold, which advantageous in pneumatic flow guide on the outflow side via adjustable outlets for the pneumatic support medium, the distribution of the incoming powder in addition evenly regulated provided.

The compressor device 4 has means for pressurizing, which compact the charged powder; Advantageously, the pressurization is designed to be adjustable depending on the degree of void and therefore allows the advantageous precise start of required gap levels.

Particularly advantageously, the compressor device is connected to a control assembly which controls the degree of void in parallel via the air permeability.

A fuel mold according to the invention consists of a compressed fuel powder having a density of at least 90%, preferably at least 96%, particularly preferably at least 99%, wherein the fuel powder in at least two different colored shaped sections A with a common vertical interface is arranged.

Preferably, the compressed fuel powder is arranged in at least two complex intermeshing mold sections A with continuously shifting in the horizontal interface.

More preferably, at least one of the mold sections A is formed with a higher proportion of transparent fuel, thereby providing a particularly aesthetic fuel shape with precisely adjustable, more light-emitting mold sections A.

More preferably, the fuel mold is based on paraffin-based powders, which bear stable and advantageous colors over long periods of time and permanently image color transitions.

More preferably, the color carriers of the powders consist of pigment colors which provide a particularly high brilliance and strong contrasts with advantageous long-term stability.

More preferably, the degree of voiding within the burner body is at most 4%, particularly preferably 0 to 2%. With a void level of at most 4%, there is an improved heat conduction between the granulate particles, which advantageously keeps the melting behavior uniform during the ignition phase. With a degree of void in the range of 0 to 2%, the remaining cavities and / or gaps are no longer connected consistently and are immediately closed by melting fuel; this improves the progressive melting during the burn-off phase and makes the reservoir of molten fuel more uniform and constant.

More preferably, the fuel powder has an increased proportion of heat-resistant, discretely melting, visually more scattering components. As a result, the light scattering of an advantageous wax mixture is greatly improved and the fuel is visually less transparent. The result is a smooth, silky matt glossy fuel shape. Whether the increased light scattering affects the fuel form significantly whiter and visually more compact; the additionally improved hardness and heat resistance also make the higher quality of the raw material mixture tangible: the fuel mold feels smoother, firmer and harder and does not become soft or ductile even with prolonged handling. During the melting, the raw material mixture with a specific melting point becomes liquid and free-flowing without first softening plastically; the mixture of raw materials therefore melts discreetly without affecting the spatial form of the rest of the solid fuel.

With a void level of 1% to 0%, the fuel shape is highly dense, which can be recognized by sharp and clearly shaped edge segments and profiles. A fuel shape designed in this way shows, when rubbed along the edges, thin, uniform chips or brittle, flat fractures of larger particles.

The above-described mixture advantageously promotes a uniform melting process as a result of its heat resistance, its low degree of lint and improved light scattering. The heat resistance allows fuel to flow off only after complete melting. An uncontrolled, ductile overturning of overhanging edge segments is thus avoided.

Further advantages emerge from the exemplary embodiments. It is understood that the described features and advantages and embodiments are not restrictive. Advantageous, additional features and additional combinations of features, as explained in this description, can be realized within the scope of the independent claims in the claimed subject matter both individually and deviating combined, without departing from the scope of the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

The figures illustrate on the basis of schematic diagrams:

1 : Order of the method steps included according to the invention,

2 : Constellation of the assemblies of a device according to the invention,

3 Advantageous embodiment of a fuel mold according to the invention.

DETAILED EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION BY HAND OF EXAMPLES

1 In the illustrated embodiment of a fuel-molding press method according to the invention comprising at least 2 process steps are in
Step a) at least two mold sections (A) of a hollow mold with a common, vertical interface simultaneously filled with at least along the interface differently colored fuel powders and in
Step b) compacted into a fuel mold,
whereby the finished fuel form is obtained.

2 The illustrated embodiment of a device according to the invention comprises at least 2 separate fuel powder feeds ( 1 ), a downstream fuel powder feed ( 2 ), a drain-side hollow mold ( 3 ) in combination with a compressor device ( 4 ), which in filled mold ( 3 ) pressurizing with the mold ( 3 ) is arranged interactively and designed to be removable for removing the fuel mold.

3 illustrates an advantageous embodiment of a fuel mold according to the invention, wherein in a cylindrical, vertically extended fuel mold 3 Form sections A, namely A1, A2 and A3, are formed with interlocking, continuously horizontally position-changing interfaces, the transitions of the individual color areas are illustrated as a separating solid bar.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

A

Mold section

(A)

simultaneous filling of at least 2 mold sections

(B)

Compacting to a fuel-form

1

Fuel powder feeders

2

Fuel powder feed

3

Hollow shape

4

Compressor means

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 2806182 A1 [0005]
• DE 2932232 A1 [0005]
• DE 610327 A [0006]
• DE 69418336 T2 [0006]

Claims (3)

A fuel-mold press process, characterized in that at least at least two mold sections (A) of a hollow mold having a common, vertical interface (a) are simultaneously filled with differently colored fuel powders at least along the interface, and (b) be compressed to a fuel-form. Apparatus for carrying out the molding process according to one of the preceding claims, comprising at least 2 separate fuel powder feeds ( 1 ), a fuel powder feed ( 2 ), a hollow shape ( 3 ), and a compressor device ( 4 ). A fuel mold produced according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a powder forming the fuel mold is compacted with a density of at least 90%, preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 99%, and in at least 2 differently colored mold sections (A) is arranged with a common vertical interface.

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