DE102010035927A1 - Guide tube for transfer of raw gas and molten slag from gasification reactor into quenching chamber, has tubular metal sheath connected to mounting ring for attachment at upper end - Google Patents

Abstract

The guide tube has a tubular metal sheath (11) connected to a mounting ring (9) for attachment at an upper end. A cooling water guiding element (12) is arranged in the metal sheath in the form of a winding. The cooling water guiding element is designed as a pipe which is welded directly to the metal sheath.

Description

The invention relates to a guide tube for transferring raw gas and molten slag from a gasification reactor into the quenching chamber with the features of claim 1.

The guide tube currently in use is designed as a water tank in which a defined flow of the supplied cooling water is to be achieved by means of a single-sided welded coil. The construction / production is very expensive. Due to the design as a water tank, the device can be operated with sufficiently good cooling only up to a differential pressure 0.8 MPa.

With the invention, a guide tube is to be created, which ensures a reliable transfer of the raw gas generated in the gasification process and the molten slag from the reaction chamber into the quenching chamber on the one hand at the prevailing at gasification processes high pressures and temperatures and on the other hand, a use of the heat absorbed by the cooling water Steam generation permitted.

The problem is solved in an outlined by the features of the preamble object by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1.

In the guide tube according to the invention, the cooling liquid is guided in a coolant channel, wherein a defined flow of the cooling medium for reliable cooling of the component is achieved. Local overheating resulting in thermal overstress and resulting mechanical damage can be ruled out. The availability of the device and thus the overall system are increased, the maintenance costs are reduced.

By guiding the coolant in a pressure-resistant channel, there is no limitation due to the guide tube with regard to the pressure in the cooling medium. This opens the possibility to integrate the device in the pressurized water circuit of the gasification reactor. The dissipated heat can thus be used to generate steam, while in the previous solution, the waste heat is obtained at a temperature level at which use is not possible.

The flat inner contour of the guide tube formed by the metal jacket allows the slag to drain easily.

In the embodiments with half-profiles, the covered surface of the sheet metal jacket forms part of the cooling channel, whereby a good heat transfer is given by the metal jacket in the cooling medium.

Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

The invention is explained in more detail below as an exemplary embodiment in a scope necessary for understanding with reference to figures. Showing:

1 a schematic representation of an entrained flow gasifier with slag exhaust body and guide tube and

2 Details of the guide tube according to the invention.

In the figures, like names denote like elements.

The entrained flow gasification reactor 1 in 1 are fed from above carbonaceous, slag-forming feedstocks and gasification agent, wherein they are in the reaction space 2 at high temperatures of 1300 to 1800 ° C and pressures up to 8 MPa (80 bar) to crude gas, which consists essentially of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, are reacted. The raw gas leaves the reaction space together with the slag and passes through a slag drain body with guide tube 3 into the quenching room below 4 where a sudden cooling of the raw gas takes place by injecting quench water. The slag falls into a slag bath 5 and will be removed from the process. The cooled raw gas leaves the finish 6 the quenching room.

The guide tube according to the invention in 2 is with a metal jacket in the form of a piece of pipe 11 formed at the top with a mounting ring 9 welded gas-tight for mounting. On the outer surface of the sheet metal jacket is a cooling water leading element 12 applied. The cooling water leading element can by a to the metal jacket 11 be given wound pipe. The wound tube can be selectively but also continuously welded in the contact region of the metal jacket for fixing and improved heat transfer to the metal jacket. The cooling water leading element can be welded by sheet metal webs with the metal jacket.

In the in 2 illustrated embodiment is as a cooling water leading element a half pipe to the metal jacket 11 wound, wherein the edges of the half tube are pressure-tight welded to the metal jacket.

Instead of the half pipe, any semi-open profile can be used.

Adjacent turns are spaced approximately half a profile width.

The semi-open profile forms, together with the piece of metal jacket to which it is welded, a channel for the coolant. The direct contact of the coolant with the metal jacket, a good heat transfer is created in the coolant.

The coolant thus flows around the metal jacket in a coolant channel formed into a winding.

At the lower end of the coolant channel is a feed port P1 and at the upper end of the coolant channel is an exhaust port 22 arranged.

The guide tube can be flowed through by raw gas from top to bottom. The water supply is carried out such that the water flows against the gas flow from bottom to top. The cross-section of the channel for the coolant and the flow velocity of the cooling liquid in the channel are chosen so that film boiling at the channel inner surface is avoided at maximum heat flux density.

The required cooling water is fed to the nozzle P1 at a pressure of 6 MPa (60 bar) and a temperature of 170 ° C of the device. The water flow of 20 t / h is provided by the pressurized water cooling circuit. The cooling water flows through the cooling channel and leaves it at the port P2. Due to the heat input from the inside of the device in countercurrent raw gas at a temperature of 1500 ° C, the cooling water is heated to 220 ° C. The outflowing cooling water is fed back to the pressure circuit, where it then passes to the steam generator. In the steam generator, the cooling water is cooled to 170 ° C while generating steam.

The device is made of heat-resistant corrosion-resistant materials.

The device may be designed in such a way that it reproduces the contour of the previous water box in terms of diameter and height.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Entrained flow gasification reactor

2

reaction chamber

3

Slag drain body with guide tube

4

quench

5

slag

6

Departure for cooled synthesis gas

7

8th

9

fixing ring

10

11

sheet metal jacket

12

Cooling water leading element

Claims (11)

Conduit for transferring raw gas and molten slag from the gasification reactor into the quench space of an entrained flow gasifier, in which - a tubular metal jacket ( 11 ) at its upper end with a mounting ring ( 9 ) is connected for attachment, - on the metal jacket a cooling water leading element ( 12 ) is applied in the form of a winding, - the lower end of the cooling water leading element ( 12 ) has a supply port (P1) for supplying the cooling water and the top end of the cooling water leading element ( 12 ) has a discharge pipe (P2) for discharging the cooling water, - the guide tube can be flowed through from top to bottom of the raw gas. Guide tube according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling water leading element is a tube. Guide tube according to claim 2, characterized in that the tube is welded directly to the metal jacket. Guide tube according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 3, characterized in that the tube is welded by means of sheet metal webs on the metal jacket. Guide tube according to claim 1, characterized in that as the cooling water leading element a half-profile with its edges on the metal jacket pressure-tight welded. Guide tube according to claim 5, characterized in that the half-profile is a half-pipe. Guide tube according to one of the preceding claims 5 to 6, characterized in that adjacent turns of the half-profile are spaced approximately half a profile width. Guide tube according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the winding is designed exactly single layer. Guide tube according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is made of heat-resistant corrosion-resistant materials. Guide tube according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by dimensioning the cross-section of the cooling liquid-conducting element such that, taking into account the flow rate of the cooling liquid, film boiling on the inner surface of the cooling liquid-conducting element is avoided. Guide tube according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it can be integrated into the pressurized water circuit of the entrained flow gasifier.

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