DE102010035784A1 - Multi-ring rolling bearing for motor vehicle, has thermal compensating element which is arranged between intermediate rings for supporting rolling elements of rolling rings - Google Patents

Abstract

The rolling bearing (22) has a shaft (1) that supports a race ring (7) and intermediate rings (13,15) for supporting rolling elements (9) of rolling ring (23). A race ring (11) at housing (4), supports the rolling elements of rolling ring (24) with the intermediate elements. A thermal compensating element (19) is arranged between the intermediate rings.

Description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to a multi-ring rolling bearing, consisting of a bearing on a shaft first race, on raceways of the first race and at least one intermediate ring supporting rolling elements of a first Wälzkörperrings, a second supported on a housing element or on a further shaft second race and on rolling races of the at least one intermediate ring and the second race supporting rolling elements of a second Wälzkörperrings.

Background of the invention

In the DE 103 14 259 A1 a similar multi-ring roller bearing is described. It serves to receive axial and radial forces of a release bearing for a clutch in a motor vehicle and can be designed as a three-ring or four-ring bearing, whereby the total speed between the first race and the second race is substantially halved and divided between the two rows of rolling elements of the camp , The individual bearings of this multi-ring rolling bearing can be designed as a groove bearing and absorb axial forces in both axial directions, or be designed as angular contact ball bearings for unilateral force. The races and intermediate rings of this multi-row roller bearing are formed as Blechpressteile.

Moreover, from the DE 73 189 918 U1 a strut mount for motor vehicles is known, which has according to an embodiment in a three-ring bearing two axially superposed rows of needle-shaped rolling elements.

While in these known multi-ring bearings different thermal expansion between the components play no major role, since for example a release bearing for clutches in motor vehicles in the axial direction usually has sufficient clearance between the release bearing and the coupling elements to be actuated, this is in the storage of Transmission shafts are not the case, since the transmission shafts are usually made of steel and mounted in housings made of a light metal alloy, wherein the coefficients of thermal expansion of steel and aluminum alloys in the ratio 1: 2 stand.

To compensate for these different thermal expansions in operation, it is from the DE 691 31 756 T2 it is known to provide a thermal compensating element in a storage of transmission shafts by means of tapered roller bearings, which acts in the axial direction and keeps the axial preload of the tapered roller bearings over a wide temperature range substantially constant.

Object of the invention

Against this background, the invention has the object, an axial bearing for waves, for example, in an automatic multi-step transmission for motor vehicles to propose, which is suitable for high speed differences of the waves with each other and / or housing elements. In addition, if necessary, the multi-ring rolling bearing should keep the axial preload of the bearing substantially constant over the largest possible temperature range.

Summary of the invention

The solution of this problem arises from the features of the main claim, while advantageous developments of the dependent claims are removed. Two use claims define a particularly advantageous use of the multi-ring rolling bearing according to the invention.

Accordingly, the invention initially relates to a multi-ring roller bearing, comprising a first race supporting on a shaft, rolling bodies of a first rolling element ring supporting raceways of the first race and at least one intermediate ring, a second second element supporting a housing element or a further shaft Running ring and on raceways of the at least one intermediate ring and the second race supporting rolling elements of a second Wälzkörperrings. To achieve the object, it is provided that a thermal compensation element is arranged between two intermediate rings of the multi-ring rolling bearing.

By this structure, a very fast-rotating shaft on which, for example, relative speed of more than 10,000 revolutions per minute is effective, be stored safely, since the multi-ring rolling bearing causes a significant reduction in the effective relative to the respective component relative speed due to its construction. In addition, the thermal compensation element between the bearing rings of the multi-ring roller bearing allows temperature-induced changes in geometry do not change a set during the bearing mounting bearing clearance. Such temperature-induced changes in geometry occur, as already mentioned, in the case of components having different coefficients of thermal expansion, for example in the case of a housing element consisting of a light metal alloy and a gear shaft made of steel.

The structural summary of two axially successively arranged Wälzkörperreihen and an axially intermediate thermal compensation element to a multi-ring rolling bearing makes this storage very compact and easy to handle during assembly.

In general, high relative speeds of more than 10,000 revolutions per minute pose a problem for shaft bearings. A typical type of damage, for example, the so-called "needle drilling" in which needle-shaped rolling elements radially out of the camp and destroy the associated cage. By arranging an intermediate ring comprising two individual rings, the rotational speeds of the two bearings are set to a lower speed level as a function of the friction torque of the bearings. It is particularly advantageous if the bearings are adjusted due to their drag torque so that they both have approximately half of the relative rotational speed between the waves.

According to a first variant, it is provided that the rolling elements are needle-shaped and held in a cage in each of the two Wälzkörperringe. The multi-ring roller bearing is therefore designed as a needle bearing.

In a second variant, however, it is provided that the rolling elements are needle-shaped and spherical, and that they are arranged to form a needle ring or a ball ring in the multi-ring roller bearing. In this design, the multi-ring rolling bearing is designed as a combined needle bearing and ball bearings, which can forward radial forces and axial forces.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the multi-ring rolling bearing is designed according to the invention as a thrust bearing. In addition, the thermal compensating element is preferably made of an elastomer. The thermal compensating element may also have liquid or gas filled actuators, or it may be formed as a piezo actuator.

The thermal compensating element preferably has an annular geometry and has approximately the same outer diameter as the races of the multi-ring rolling bearing. The thermal compensating element is enclosed between two axially displaceable U-shaped rings and may extend or contract axially therebetween.

Next, it is provided with respect to the design with the U-shaped rings that they are supported axially on each of the two Wälzkörperreihen arranged intermediate rings and radially supported at least one intermediate ring part.

Particularly advantageous is a design assessed in which it is provided that the U-shaped rings are firmly connected to one of the two intermediate rings. The two intermediate rings may also have axially U-shaped receiving spaces, which serve to receive the thermal compensation element. As a result, when installing the multi-ring roller bearing, the thermal compensating element can easily be inserted into one of the U-shaped rings and the other U-shaped ring subsequently slipped over the first U-shaped ring, whereby both bearing ring halves with their rolling elements, cages and Running rings are firmly connected. In this way, the multi-ring roller bearing is firmly but rotatably joined together and therefore easy to spend on the installation site in a machine and to assemble there.

A particularly cost-effective embodiment of the multi-ring rolling bearing can be achieved if the races and intermediate rings consist of pressed sheet metal parts. For very large bearings but these can also be made by milling.

A very concrete construction of a multi-ring rolling bearing according to the invention provides that the first race on the radially inner edge has an axially bent approach for centering on a shaft or a housing element and for radial guidance of a cage for the corresponding Wälzkörperring. Furthermore, it is provided that the cooperating with this Wälzkörperring intermediate ring has at least at the radially outer edge an axially bent approach to the radial guidance of the cage for the corresponding Wälzkörperring. The cooperating with the second race intermediate ring, however, has seen in axial section, axially Z-shaped bent lugs at its radially inner and outer edges, with which the thermal compensation element and the cage of the corresponding Wälzkörperrings be guided radially. Finally, the second race on the radially outer edge of an axially bent approach to the radial guidance of the cage of the corresponding Wälzkörperrings and for centering on a shaft or a housing member.

In addition to the aforementioned device features, the invention also includes the very advantageous use of a multi-ring rolling bearing according to at least some of the features mentioned for the axial bearing of rotating at high relative speeds waves in an automatic multi-step transmission. Particularly advantageous is the use of this multi-ring roller bearing for axial bearing relative to a housing element and / or for mutual axial bearing of a plurality of coaxial shafts in an automatic stepped planetary gear.

The use of the multi-ring roller bearing for axial bearing over a housing elements and / or the mutual axial bearing of several coaxial shafts in an automatic stepped planetary gear in which the relative speeds between the coaxial shafts and a housing member can be very high, offers particular advantages.

Short description of the drawing

The invention will be further described below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. The single figure shows a section of an axial section through an axial bearing of a shaft in an automatic step transmission.

Detailed description of the drawing

Of a multiple coaxial waves having automatic step planetary gear is only one shaft 1 with a wave extension 2 and a shaft flange 3 shown in a housing element 4 or another shaft by means of a three-ring needle bearing designed according to the invention 22 is axially supported. The radial bearing of the wave extension 2 in a housing bore 21 of the housing element 4 is through a needle bearing with the reference numeral 6 guaranteed.

For axial bearing and axial positioning of the shaft 1 with a predetermined axial preload serves the three-ring needle bearing 22 , which consists of a first race 7 , a first Wälzkörperring 23 from needle-shaped rolling elements 9 in a first cage 10 are held, a second race 11 , in which more, in a second cage 10 ' acicular rolling elements 9 support, and an axially divided intermediate ring, consisting of a first intermediate ring 13 and a second intermediate ring 15 ,

The first race 7 has at its radially inner edge an axially bent approach 8th on, for radial centering on the shaft extension 2 serves. The with the arranged there rolling elements 9 cooperating intermediate ring 13 has at least at its radially outer edge an axially bent approach 14 for radial guidance of the cage 10 on.

The one with the second race 11 cooperating intermediate ring 15 is with axially Z-shaped bent lugs 16 . 17 provided at its radially inner and radially outer edge. The radially inner axial approach 16 serves for the radial internal guidance of the cage 10 ' of the second Wälzkörperrings 24 and to the radially outer guide of a thermal compensating element 19 , The second race 11 has at the radially outer edge of an axially bent approach 12 on, in a cylindrical approach 5 on the housing element 4 is held radially. This axially bent approach 12 on the second race 11 serves for the radial guidance of the second cage 10 ' for a second Wälzkörperring 24 and for centering the second race 11 on the housing element 4 ,

The thermal compensation element 19 has a thermal expansion coefficient greater than that of the shaft 1 is when it is made of steel, and also greater than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the housing member 4 is when the housing is made of a light metal alloy. Therefore, by the thermal compensation element 19 different thermal expansions of the housing with the housing element 4 and the wave 1 in operation, which would lead to an axial play increase with increasing warming, balanced.

Preferably, there is the thermal compensation element 19 made of plastic, in particular an elastomer, and is between axially displaceable U-shaped rings 18 . 20 enclosed, with the U-shaped rings 18 . 20 each at the two intermediate rings 13 and 15 axially and at least one intermediate ring 15 also support radially. To ensure mechanical cohesion of the multi-ring rolling bearing 22 are the U-shaped rings 18 . 20 firmly with the respectively assigned intermediate rings 13 . 15 connected.

The described multi-ring rolling bearing 22 may be formed in three or more ring, especially when the speed differences between the shafts and the housing elements are very high. Accordingly, three or more adjacent bearings are possible. Furthermore, it is possible to use different Wälzkörpertypen, for example, to combine axial ball bearings with axial needle bearings or thrust roller bearings.

In automatic step planetary gears, three and more shafts may be arranged coaxially with each other, which are supported against each other and against housing elements. Between these shafts and the housing elements, the thrust bearings described can be arranged, which are not exposed to the high relative speeds of more than 10,000 revolutions per minute due to their multi-ring arrangement, and due to the arranged in the multi-ring bearings thermal compensation elements a uniform axial bias between the waves and maintain the housing elements.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

wave

2

Shaft extension

3

shaft flange

4

Shaft or housing element

5

Cylindrical approach

6

Needle roller bearings, radial bearings

7

First race

8th

Axially bent neck

9

Wälzkörperring, needle-shaped rolling elements

10

Cage

10 '

Cage

11

Second race

12

Axially bent neck

13

First intermediate ring

14

Axially bent neck

15

Second intermediate ring

16

Axially bent neck

17

Axially bent neck

18

U-shaped ring

19

Thermal compensation element

20

U-shaped ring

21

drilling

22

Multi-ring needle roller bearings

23

First rolling element ring

24

Second rolling element ring

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 10314259 A1 [0002]
• DE 73189918 U1 [0003]
• DE 69131756 T2 [0005]

Claims (10)

Multi-ring rolling bearings ( 22 ), consisting of one on a wave ( 1 ) supporting the first race ( 7 ), on raceways of the first race ( 7 ) and at least one intermediate ring ( 13 . 15 ) supporting rolling bodies ( 9 ) of a first rolling element ring ( 23 ), a second on a housing element ( 4 ) or at a second shaft supporting second race ( 11 ) and on raceways of at least one intermediate ring ( 13 . 15 ) and the second race ( 11 ) supporting rolling bodies ( 9 ) of a second rolling element ring ( 24 ), characterized in that between two intermediate rings ( 13 . 15 ) of the multi-ring rolling bearing ( 22 ) a thermal compensation element ( 19 ) is arranged. Multi-ring rolling bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the rolling elements ( 9 ) needle-shaped and in each Wälzkörperring ( 23 . 24 ) in a cage ( 10 . 10 ' ) are held. Multi-ring rolling bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the rolling elements ( 9 ) are needle-shaped and spherical, and that these to a needle ring ( 23 ) or are arranged to a ball ring in the multi-ring roller bearing. Multi-ring rolling bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is designed as a thrust bearing that the thermal compensation element ( 19 ) has an annular geometry, and that the thermal compensation element ( 19 ) between two axially mutually displaceable U-shaped rings ( 18 . 20 ) is included. Multi-ring rolling bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that the U-shaped rings ( 18 . 20 ) each at the two intermediate rings ( 13 . 15 ) axially and at least one intermediate ring ( 15 ) also support radially. Multi-ring rolling bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that the U-shaped rings ( 18 . 20 ) each with one of the two intermediate rings ( 13 . 15 ) are firmly connected. Multi-ring rolling bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the races and the intermediate rings ( 7 . 11 ; 13 . 15 ) consist of pressed sheet metal parts. Multi-ring rolling bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first race ( 7 ) at the radially inner edge of an axially bent approach ( 8th ) for centering on a shaft ( 1 ) or a housing element ( 4 ) and for the radial guidance of a cage ( 10 ) for the corresponding Wälzkörperring ( 23 ), that with this Wälzkörperring ( 9 ) cooperating intermediate ring ( 13 ) at least at the radially outer edge of an axially bent approach ( 14 ) for radial guidance of the cage ( 10 ) for the corresponding Wälzkörperring ( 23 ) that the with the second race ( 11 ) cooperating intermediate ring ( 15 ) axially Z-shaped bent lugs ( 16 . 17 ) at the radially inner and outer edges for radial guidance of the thermal compensating element ( 19 ) and the cage ( 10 ' ) for the second Wälzkörperring ( 24 ), and that the second race ( 11 ) at the radially outer edge of an axially bent approach ( 12 ) for radial guidance of the cage ( 10 ' ) for the second Wälzkörperring ( 24 ) and for centering on a shaft ( 1 ) or a housing element ( 4 ) having. Use of a multi-ring rolling bearing ( 22 ) according to the features of at least one of the preceding claims for the axial bearing of rotating at high relative speeds waves ( 1 ) in an automatic step transmission. Use of the multi-ring rolling bearing ( 22 ) according to claim 9 for axial bearing relative to a housing element ( 4 ) and / or for the mutual axial bearing of a plurality of coaxial shafts ( 1 ) in an automatic step planetary gear.

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