DE102010019964A1 - Converting and storing thermal energies, comprises absorbing energy from energy deprivation- and supplying system (E3S) in first circuit over energy carrier, supplying the medium in further part of E3S and passing medium in transport line - Google Patents

Abstract

The method for converting and storing thermal energies using two circuits, comprises absorbing energy from an energy deprivation- and supplying system (E 3>S) in a first circuit (102) over an energy carrier, where the system contains a transducer (301), in which the energy carrier begins a phase change by transferring from a liquid state to an aerosol using gas portion as medium, where only marginal energy is absorbed by the medium within the transducer during the conversion process, and supplying the medium in a further part of E 3>S and passing the medium in a transport line. The method for converting and storing thermal energies using two circuits, comprises absorbing energy from an energy deprivation- and supplying system (E 3>S) in a first circuit (102) over an energy carrier, where the system contains a transducer (301), in which the energy carrier begins a phase change by transferring from a liquid state to an aerosol using gas portion as medium, where only marginal energy is absorbed by the medium within the transducer during the conversion process, and supplying the medium in a further part of E 3>S and passing the medium in a transport line, where the transport line that enters into the part of E 3>S at one end is inserted within the E 3>S either in straight or curved shape, and re-enters either at the same end or at the opposite end, conducting the medium as an energetic gas directly or indirectly to a compression process, where the compressed gas at a higher temperature, which can go into areas of at least 20[deg] C to above 200[deg] C, is directly or indirectly used for the provision of energy in the form of heat, where a phase change of the energy carrier takes place by the deprivation of energy, e.g. in heat exchangers, the liquid medium is directly or indirectly fed to the transducer, where in addition to the previously described circuit, which is present in the entire system with another separate circuit in which a different medium having liquid or gaseous, is added, the second circuit is conducted through a transport line through a portion of E 3>S, in further course of the output of the E 3>S, the energy contained in the medium is provided either directly or indirectly over heat exchangers or reservoir in the form of cold for storage, the medium with the increased temperature is fed directly or indirectly to the E 3>S and a conveyor (200) is included in the second circuit, and one or more other energy sources are bonded in the circuit directly or indirectly connected in series for an additional energy input. The energy carrier is a heat transfer medium. The media present in the second circuit is water, water-glycol mixture, water-ethanol mixture, pure glycol and ethanol, oils or other liquids recoverable imaginable, and all kinds of gaseous media. The energy source consists of geothermal energy, solar thermal or aquathermal energy. The external converter comprises components that are configured to bring the fluid to low temperature level and to minimize the temperature level of other media. Energy is introduced in the transducer to initiate the phase change. An independent claim is included for a device for converting and storing thermal energies.

Description

The invention relates to a method accordingly for the conversion of thermal energy and their storage and provision for supply in a variety of areas in which thermal energy in the form of heat and / or cold are needed, which in turn is the basis for other forms of energy such. B. kinetic and electrical energy. There is the possibility that the forms of energy can be provided both simultaneously and individually. The method according to the invention ensures a continuous provision of the energy forms and thus provides a basic load capability. The thermal energies that are converted or stored by the process, come from all sorts of suitable heat sources such. B. from near-surface geothermal, deep geothermal, solar thermal (beyond the visible wave spectrum beyond), all water resources such as lakes, rivers, including maritime, in the surface or underground area, as well as from all artificial heat sources. For the conversion and storage of thermal energy, compressors, compressors, heat exchangers, probes and phase transducers are used.

It is already known to extract, convert and make available to an existing system thermal energies by a variety of methods. For this purpose, the so-called heat pumps, falling film probes by the DVD method, solar collectors and similar methods are named, which use all suitable heat sources of geothermal, solar or aquathermy. The respective methods or systems mostly use only one form of energy source. This z. B. brought the heat energy of visible sun rays by solar panels directly or indirectly in a heating system. On the other hand, there are methods that provide the geothermal energy by means of so-called heat pumps or compressors as heat or cold via one or more geothermal probes via a circuit. These systems are characterized by the fact that the energy sources used are generally not fully available in their entirety. In these systems, different heat transfer media are used, such. As water-glycol mixture, water-ethanol mixture, u. a., And refrigerants, such as ammonia, propane, butane, carbon dioxide and. a.

The prior art has some disadvantages.

The fact that thermal energy sources are used in the conventional systems, which are not continuously available or excess thermal energy can only be stored temporarily in bulky containers with elaborate insulation or otherwise at high cost, a continuous supply of heat or cold is not guaranteed. For this reason, additional, costly energy sources for the provision of heat or cold must be used, so that a base load capacity is not given.

These disadvantages are due to the fact that the solar collectors can not absorb useful energy during times without irradiation (eg night) and thus provide energy or that in conventional geothermal probes an energy input comes to a standstill due to excessive cooling of the surrounding mountains. The highest energy inputs exist only at z. B. strong solar input or shortly after the start of the operation of a geothermal probe (highest temperature in the mountains). Excessive, unneeded thermal energy can neither be stored permanently nor continuously and lossless and therefore not available on demand.

The invention has the goal to ensure a continuous retrieval of required energy, without any additional effort for storage must be provided.

The object of the invention is to provide a method with which a continuous provision of energy is ensured by the combination or individual use of the various thermal energy sources as well as a permanent and lossless storage.

The object is achieved according to the invention in that a method sequence is specified which makes it possible to obtain the energy in the form of heat from various sources of thermal energy ( 101 ) or cold ( 201 ) and to provide surplus energy ( 303 ) save. At least two circuits are used throughout the system. In the first cycle ( 102 . 402 . 502 ) is via a refrigerant ( 405 . 507 ), such. As ammonia, butane, propane, carbon dioxide, inter alia, the energy from the E ³ S (energy withdrawal and registration system) ( 300 ). The E ³ S consists of a converter ( 301 ), in which the energy carrier starts a phase change. It is converted from a liquid state of matter into an aerosol with gas fractions. Within the converter ( 301 ) Energy is absorbed only insignificantly by the medium during the conversion process. The medium then enters at least one further part of the E ³ S, a device (eg probe, container or the like) ( 302 ) and passes through this at least once through a transport line, z. B. through a pipe. This transport line enters the part of the E ³ S at one end, is within the E ³ S introduced either in straight or curved form and occurs either at the same end ( 2 ) or at the opposite end ( 3 ) out again. A lateral entry and / or exit is not excluded. Thereafter, the medium is an energetic gas and has completed the phase change. This gas is then directly or indirectly (eg via heat exchangers) a compression process ( 100 ). Thereafter, the compressed gas at a higher temperature, which can range from at least 20 ° C to well over 200 ° C, directly or indirectly for the provision of energy in the form of heat ( 101 ) used directly or indirectly. By the withdrawal of energy, for. B. in heat exchangers, a phase change of the energy carrier takes place. The now reusable medium is directly or indirectly the converter ( 301 ).

In addition to the already described cycle, which is present at least once in the overall system, there is at least one additional separate circuit ( 202 . 401 . 501 ) with another medium ( 404 . 506 ). This medium is generally liquid. Among other things, water, water-glycol mixture, water-ethanol mixture, pure glycols or ethanols, oils or other conceivable recoverable liquid media as well as all imaginable gaseous media can be contained and passed through. This second cycle is at least once by a transport line, z. B. through a pipe, passed through a portion of the E ³ S. Again, this transport line enters the E ³ S at one end, is introduced within the E ³ S either in a straight or curved form and occurs either at the same end ( ) or at the opposite end ( ) out again. Again, a lateral entry and / or exit is not excluded. In the further course of the output of the E ³ S, the energy contained in the medium described either directly or indirectly (eg., Via heat exchangers or storage) in the form of cold ( 201 ) made available. This medium can now be fed directly or indirectly back to the E ³ S at the elevated temperature. In this cycle is a conveyor ( 200 ) contain. For a further input of energy in this cycle, directly or indirectly in series or in parallel, one or more further energy sources ( 203 ), such. As solar thermal, aquathermy, waste heat or other involved.

The E ³ S (used in this process ⁾ 300 ) is available in several variants, but the structure is characterized by the fact that at least two separate circles ( 401 . 402 . 501 - 505 ) are introduced with different media. In contrast to z. B. conventional probes, this part of the E ³ S can be used in any position, ie, for example, in horizontal ( ) or vertical position ( ). Regardless of the installation or mounting location, the location is not fixed. Thus, the E ³ S and the method described in this connection can be used individually and also repeatedly combined, both stationary and mobile (eg on floats). The at least two introduced transport lines in the part of the E ³ S, which are flowed through independently of one another with different media, are either externally mechanically connected to each other or separated from each other. Depending on the area of application, the transport lines of the E ³ S can be surrounded with and without a jacket and are equipped with energy-conducting media ( 403 ) (eg bentonite, glycol or ethanol in pure form or compound, carbon compounds, etc.) in solid or liquid form with each other and the environment directly or indirectly connected. It is irrelevant whether they are dormant or circulated or swirled when using liquids. Both listed circuits can either be operated in circulation within the E ³ S, ie at the same end ( ) and they are designed to carry out and are at the opposite ends ( ) on or executed, with combinations are possible. A lateral entry and / or exit is not excluded.

Furthermore, in this method, an external converter ( 301 ) in which the phase change from liquid form into an aerosol with gas fractions for the medium in the first cycle starts. For this purpose, the liquid medium is introduced into the converter and z. B. transferred one or more nozzles in an aerosol with gas fractions. This aerosol absorbs only insignificantly energy from the adjacent surfaces or walls within the transducer. The converter can be equipped with further components which have the tasks to bring the fluid to a low temperature level or to minimize other media in the temperature level and on the other hand, the proportion of the fluid, which has not started the phase change, the start of the phase change by introduction of energy or by flowing through other components to force. The shape of the transducer can be chosen freely. After the phase change has begun, the aerosol and the gas fractions exit the converter and then into one or more transport lines at one end ( 402 . 502 . 504 ) of the apparatus of the E ³ S described above.

The invention will be described below with reference to the explained as an example. In the illustration, a possible structure of a plant is shown. In the 1st cycle ( 102 ) is a combination of a horizontal E ³ S, with an energy input over z. B. a flow and a vertical E ³ S z. B. is introduced under the earth's surface. In both devices, the energy is extracted directly or indirectly from the environment or the other circuits and thus by the gas flowing through ( 401 . 502 ). This energetic gas is then z. B. a compressor ( 100 ) a heat exchanger ( 101 ). The heat available in this way is stored in a heat store ( 105 ) provided to the consumer. The after the heat exchanger again liquid medium is supplied to the E ³ S and takes place in the converter ( 301 ) again a phase change. In the 2nd cycle ( 202 ) flows through another medium by means of the conveyor ( 200 ) Both E ³ S, in the case shown in countercurrent, whereby this medium is deprived of energy and thus a lower temperature level is reached. The medium then flows through a heat exchanger ( 201 ) and gives the cold in the cold storage ( 205 ). This is then available to the consumer. Depending on requirements, the medium passes through z. B. solar panels ( 203 ) and absorbs energy. Subsequently, by another heat exchanger ( 001 ) additional energy (eg waste heat) are introduced into the circuit, which is then fed to the E ³ S. This additional energy can then either be made available to the consumer again directly via the first circuit or via the E ³ S to the environment, eg. B. mountains and stored in it.

The invention is explained in more detail by the figures

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

001

heat exchangers

100

compressor

101

heat exchangers

102

Circulation 1

105

heat storage

200

Conveyor

201

heat exchangers

202

Circulation 2

205

cold storage

203

Energy source (such as solar thermal, aquathermics and others)

300

E ³ S (Energy withdrawal and registration system)

301

converter

302

Energy Deduction and Entry Device (such as 2 / 3 )

303

Energy withdrawal and entry (from geothermal, aquathermy and others)

400

vertical variant

401

Circulation 1

402

Circulation 2

403

both circuits surrounding medium

404

Medium circulation 1

405

Medium circulation 2

500

horizontal variant

501

Circulation 1

502

Circulation 2

503

Circuit 1 or Circulation 3

504

Circulation 2 or Circulation 4

505

Circuit 1 or Circulation 3 or Circulation 5

506

Medium circulation 1

507

Medium circulation 2

Claims (16)

Process for the conversion and storage of thermal energies, characterized in that at least two cycles are used, wherein in the first cycle ( 102 . 402 . 502 ) via an energy carrier ( 405 . 507 ) Energy from an energy withdrawal and registration system E ³ S ( 300 ), which consists of a transducer ( 301 ), in which the energy carrier starts a phase change by converting it from a liquid state of matter into an aerosol with gas components as the medium, wherein inside the converter ( 301 ) energy is absorbed by the medium only insignificantly during the conversion process, the medium subsequently enters at least one further part of the E ³ S and passes through this at least once in a transport line, this transport line entering in the part of the E ³ S at one end, within the E ³ S in either straight or curved form and either at the same end ( 2 ) or at the opposite end ( 3 ) again exits or laterally enters and / or exits, that now the medium as an energy-loaded gas directly or indirectly a compression process ( 100 followed by the compressed gas at a higher temperature, which can range from at least 20 ° C to well over 200 ° C, directly or indirectly for the provision of energy in the form of heat ( 101 ) serves, by the withdrawal of energy, for. B. in heat exchangers, a phase change of the energy carrier takes place, which now again liquid medium directly or indirectly to the converter ( 301 ) is supplied in addition to the already described cycle, which is present at least once in the overall system, at least one further separate circuit ( 202 . 401 . 501 ) with another medium ( 404 . 506 ), this medium is liquid or gaseous, this second cycle is passed through at least once through a transport line through part of the E ³ S, Here, too, this transport line enters the E ³ S at one end, is introduced within the E ³ S either in straight or curved form and either at the same end ( 2 ) or at the opposite end ( 3 ) again exits or enters and / or exits laterally, in the further course from the output of the E ³ S the energy contained in the medium described either directly or indirectly. via heat exchangers or storage in the form of cold ( 201 ) is made available, this medium can now be fed directly or indirectly back to the E ³ S at the elevated temperature, wherein in this second circuit a conveying device ( 200 ) and for further input of energy in this cycle, directly or indirectly in series or in parallel, one or more additional energy sources ( 203 ), can be integrated. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the energy carrier means is a refrigerant. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the media in the second cycle can be water, water-glycol mixture, water-ethanol mixture, pure glycols or ethanols, oils or other conceivable recoverable liquid media as well as all conceivable gaseous media. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that as energy sources such as geothermal, solar thermal, aquatherm o. be involved. Method according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in the external converter ( 301 ) the phase change from liquid form into an aerosol with gas fractions for the medium in the first cycle begins by the liquid medium introduced into this converter and z. B. one or more nozzles is transferred into an aerosol with gas fractions, after the phase change started the aerosol with the gas fractions from the converter off and then into one or more transport lines at one end ( 402 . 502 . 504 ) of the device of the E ³ S described above occurs. Method according to claims 1-5, characterized in that the external converter is equipped with components which have the tasks to bring the fluid to a low temperature level or to minimize other media in the temperature level. Method according to claims 1-6, characterized in that the proportion of the fluid, which has not started the phase change within the transducer, to force the start of the phase change by introducing energy or by a flow of other components. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claims 1 to 7, consisting of one or more energy-absorbing devices ( 203 ) 300 ) 400 ) 500 ), Transport pipes for gas and liquids, heat exchangers ( 001 ) 101 ) 201 ), one or more heat accumulators ( 105 ), one or more cold storage tanks ( 205 ), one or more compressors ( 100 ), one or more conveyors ( 200 ), one or more transducers ( 301 ). Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 8, characterized in that as energy-absorbing devices solar panels ( 203 ), Ground probes ( 400 ), Containers or probes in the water ( 500 ) and registers for absorbing waste heat and entry via heat exchangers ( 001 ) serve. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 8, characterized in that as heat storage ( 105 ) either sensitive heat storage in the form of buffer storage with water as a storage medium or latent heat storage, thermochemical heat storage or Sorptionsspeicher serve. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 8, characterized in that serve as a cold storage either tank or memory of the earth, ice storage, paraffin storage or storage based on geological structures. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 8, characterized in that the material used for the transport lines stainless steel, copper and polyethylene, which can be subjected to a pressure of up to 80 bar. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 8, characterized in that serves as a gas-liquid medium ammonia. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 8 and 12, characterized in that in the circuit 1, a pressure of up to 80 bar can prevail. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 8 and 12, characterized in that in the circuit 2, a pressure of up to 40 bar can prevail. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 8, characterized in that Devices for energy input via aquathermy and solar panels horizontally or obliquely, the probes are arranged vertically.

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