DE102010015972A1 - Energy absorbing device for use in back part of seat of e.g. motor car to absorb impact energy during e.g. front side crash, has additional element comprising anisotropic fiber structure and arranged between side walls of wall structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The device (10) has a wall structure (12) extending along a wall structure axle (14). The wall structure comprises two side walls (16, 18) that are arranged one behind the other with respect to the wall structure axle in a vertical crash direction (20). An additional element (30) is arranged between the walls and comprises an anisotropic fiber structure that is oriented parallel to the crash direction. The additional element is made of fiber reinforced plastic, timber containing material or solid timber. The wall structure is made of metallic material. The wall structure forms a part of a side skirt, a bumper device, a door frame, a roof structure or a seat of a vehicle. An independent claim is also included for a vehicle.

Description

The present invention relates to an energy absorption device for absorbing impact energy, comprising a wall structure extending along a wall structure axis, the wall structure comprising a first wall and a second wall arranged one behind the other with respect to a direction of impact perpendicular to the wall structure axis.

The invention further relates to a vehicle comprising at least one such energy absorption device.

Known vehicles have energy absorbing devices whose parts absorb the energy introduced into the vehicle during an accident by plastic deformation. The energy absorption capacity of these parts is determined essentially by their geometry, by the materials used and by the choice of the position and position of the parts on the vehicle.

A side impact on a vehicle is particularly critical because the available deformation path is relatively small and penetration of a foreign body into the interior of the passenger compartment is to be avoided. This is especially true in a so-called "pile crash" in which high side impact energy is introduced into a short side section of a vehicle. However, even in the event of a front or rear impact, it is desirable to limit penetration of the foreign body into the vehicle structure as far as possible by a corresponding design of the energy absorption devices (eg the bumper).

In an energy absorption device of the type mentioned above with a wall structure extending along a wall structure axis, a side impact leads to a reduction in the distance between the first wall and the second wall. By collapsing the wall structure, which leads in extreme cases to a contact of the two walls, both the flexural rigidity and the energy absorption capacity of the device are drastically reduced.

To counteract this problem, was in the published patent application DE 10 2008 015 960 A1 proposed to arrange at least one additional structure between the first wall and the second wall, which counteracts an impact-induced reduction of the distance between the walls, so that an impact energy by absorbing at least a portion of the wall structure is absorbable. These additional structures, such as the wall structure itself z. B. are formed of a metallic material, usually comprise individual elements and / or hollow structures, which are arranged along the wall structure axis, ie it is tried by special geometric structures to achieve the highest energy absorption capacity based on the weight of the energy absorption device.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an energy absorbing device having a high specific energy absorbing ability and a simple structure.

This object is achieved in the energy absorption device of the type mentioned in the present invention, that between the walls at least one additional element is arranged with an anisotropic fiber structure, wherein the fiber structure is oriented parallel or substantially parallel to the impact direction.

Due to the orientation of the fiber structure parallel or substantially parallel to the impact direction, that is substantially perpendicular to the wall structure axis, the additional element has a particularly high strength, in particular compressive strength, along this spatial direction. As a result, an impact force acting on the first wall, which has at least one force component in the direction of impact defined above, can be transmitted through the anisotropic fiber structure to the second wall, so that an energy absorption takes place while the wall structure, in particular the second wall, is stretched. At the same time counteracted by the additional element of a reduction of the distance between the two walls.

A further advantage of the energy absorption device according to the invention is that a fracture of the at least one additional element as a result of a plastic deformation of the wall structure (for example in the case of a bending load as a result of a pile crash) takes place substantially along the orientation of the fiber structure. The fragments formed thereby of the at least one additional element are then at least partially still available for a power transmission from the first to the second wall and for a stabilization of the wall structure available.

When using the energy absorption device in or on a vehicle, the first wall is preferably arranged on the vehicle outside. As a result, the energy absorbing device is effective immediately after impact of a foreign object on the vehicle.

Preferably, the first wall and the second wall are parallel to each other. This allows a space-saving construction of the energy absorbing device and easy integration into a vehicle.

It is particularly favorable if the at least one additional element extends from the first wall to the second wall. In this way, the two walls are based on the at least one additional element from each other and it is equal to the beginning of an impact corresponding force transmission along the fiber structure of the at least one additional element. A distance reduction between the walls is counteracted in a particularly effective manner.

Furthermore, it is preferred if the at least one additional element extends in the direction of the wall-structure axis. In particular, the at least one additional element can extend continuously along a larger section of the wall structure, particularly preferably substantially along the entire wall structure. Since the at least one additional element according to the invention may have a simple and compact structure, such a configuration is associated only with a low design effort. In this way, regardless of the impact position of a foreign body, a high energy absorption effect can be provided, in contrast to, for example, an additional structure comprising individual elements distributed along the wall structure axis and spaced apart from one another.

The energy absorption device may also comprise a plurality of additional elements, which are arranged side by side in the direction of the wall structure axis. It is preferred if the individual additional elements adjoin one another directly.

It is preferred if the at least one additional element is substantially cuboid. An essentially parallelepipedic additional element can be produced particularly easily and integrated into the energy absorption device according to the invention. In this case, the greatest extent of the cuboid preferably extends in the direction of the wall structure axis, the anisotropic fiber structure of the additional element being oriented in a spatial direction of the parallelepiped which is perpendicular or essentially vertical to the cuboid and which corresponds to the direction of impact.

It is advantageous if the at least one additional element is connected to the first wall and / or to the second wall. Preferably, the at least one additional element is connected to both walls. Such a connection not only defines the position of the at least one additional element within the wall structure, but also counteracts a displacement of the at least one additional element along the wall structure axis.

Preferably, the at least one additional element is glued to the first wall and / or to the second wall. Such an adhesive bond can be realized by selecting a suitable adhesive between different materials from which the at least one additional element or wall structure can be formed.

The at least one additional element can be formed in the context of the present invention from different materials having an anisotropic fiber structure. Here, both synthetic and natural materials can be used.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one additional element is at least partially formed from a fiber-reinforced plastic. In particular, the at least one additional element can also be formed entirely from a fiber-reinforced plastic. To produce the anisotropic fiber structure, the reinforcing fibers (for example glass fibers, carbon fibers or aramid fibers) are embedded as single fibers, rovings or scrims in a monoaxial manner in a polymer matrix.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the energy absorption device according to the invention, the at least one additional element is at least partially formed from a material containing wood. Wood is a natural material with an anisotropic fiber structure, i. H. an orientation of the cellulose and lignocellulosic fibers substantially along a spatial direction, and is characterized by a particularly favorable ratio of a relatively low density to a relatively high mechanical strength. In particular, due to the high compressive strength in the fiber direction, wood is particularly suitable for the production of additional elements in the context of the present invention.

The use of wood-containing materials is also advantageous from an ecological point of view, since this is a renewable raw material.

It is particularly favorable if the at least one additional element is formed at least partially from solid wood. The at least one additional element may in particular be formed entirely from solid wood, for. B. in the form of extending in the direction of the wall structure axis square bar. Such an additional element can be produced in a particularly simple manner. Other wood-containing materials that can be used as an alternative to solid wood include, for example, plywood.

The at least one additional element preferably has a density of from 0.4 to 0.8 g / cm ³ , more preferably from 0.5 to 0.7 g / cm ³ . By using one or more additional elements having such a relatively low density, an energy absorbing device having a particularly high specific energy absorption capacity can be provided. Densities within this preferred range can be realized, inter alia, with wood or wood-containing materials, hardwood (density greater than 0.55 g / cm ³ ) and softwood (density less than 0.55 g / cm ³ ) being suitable in principle. In contrast, many fiber-reinforced plastic materials have significantly higher densities (eg GFRP approx 1.5 to 1.8 g / cm ³ and CFRP approx 1.6 g / cm ³ ).

Suitable types of wood, which can be advantageously used in the context of the present invention include, for. Pine (0.52 g / cm ³ ), birch (0.65 g / cm ³ ), oak (0.67 g / cm ³ ) or beech (0.69 g / cm ³ ).

As already mentioned above, several additional elements can be arranged next to one another in the direction of the wall structure axis. Alternatively or additionally, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a plurality of additional elements may also be arranged one above the other between the walls, relative to a vertical direction perpendicular to the wall structure axis and to the impact direction. When using the energy absorption device in or on a vehicle, the upward direction corresponds in particular to the direction of gravity.

Conveniently, the superimposed additional elements are spaced from each other. In this way, the beneficial effect of the additional elements can be achieved along most or even the entire height of the wall structure, the total weight of the energy absorbing device being less than for a single auxiliary element extending over the corresponding height of the wall structure.

In the context of the present invention, the density, the number and / or the size of the additional elements can be varied over a relatively wide range and in particular matched to one another. It can, for. B. with a single additive element with a very low density, a comparable specific energy absorption capacity can be achieved as with two superposed additional elements with a higher density, which together have a smaller cross-sectional area perpendicular to the wall structure axis.

If the energy absorption device comprises a plurality of superimposed additional elements, it is further preferred if a material with a foam structure is arranged between the additional elements. Thereby, the arrangement of the additional elements can be fixed relative to each other, and in an impact is a deformation of the additional elements in the vertical direction, z. B. buckling, counteracted. Conveniently, the material with the foam structure has a density of less than 0.2 g / cm ^3, so that the specific energy absorption capability is not significantly reduced. The material with the foam structure preferably comprises a polymer foam, in particular a polyurethane foam whose density can be adjusted over a wide range.

The wall structure is preferably closed circumferentially. In this way, the wall structure can form a shell, which encloses the at least one additional element.

Preferably, the wall structure defines a cavity. Such a cavity is preferably polygonal in cross-section, in particular square or rectangular. The cavity may also have a circular or elliptical cross section or an irregularly shaped cross section. It is particularly favorable when the cavity is completely closed, d. H. in particular also at the axial ends of the wall structure. As a result, z. B. penetration of moisture into the cavity can be prevented, which is particularly advantageous if the at least one additional element is formed from a wood-containing material.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the wall structure is made in one piece. In such a wall structure, the first wall and the second wall are formed by portions of the wall structure. In this case, the first wall and the second wall directly merge into one another or are connected to one another by means of further sections of the wall structure.

The wall structure may also be made of a plurality of substructures which are interconnected. Here, the at least one additional element can be arranged in a particularly simple manner between the first wall and the second wall. It is particularly advantageous if the partial structures are connected to one another in a material-locking manner, in particular by welding.

It is favorable if the wall structure is formed at least partially from a metallic material. It is particularly preferred when steel alloys are used which have high tensile strength and ductility, for example in that the steel contains manganese components. These materials have a particularly high tensile strength, so that a particularly high energy can be absorbed while stretching these materials.

Also, the use of aluminum or aluminum alloys is possible to produce a particularly lightweight wall structure.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least one further additional element with an anisotropic fiber structure is arranged between the walls, the fiber structure being oriented perpendicularly or substantially perpendicularly both to the wall structure axis and to the direction of impact. The at least one further additional element increases the energy absorption capability of the energy absorbing device with respect to an impact which is perpendicular to the above-defined impact direction or at least has a corresponding force component. Such an energy absorption device is z. B. particularly versatile in a vehicle.

The at least one further additional element preferably extends from an upper wall to a lower wall of the wall structure, such that in the event of an impact on the upper wall, power is transmitted through the anisotropic fiber structure to the lower wall or vice versa. The upper wall and the lower wall are preferably parallel to each other and more preferably form with the first wall and the second wall a wall structure having a substantially square or rectangular cross-section.

It is particularly favorable if a first plurality of additional elements and a second plurality of additional elements are arranged perpendicular to one another. The additional elements may in particular form a lattice-shaped structure in cross-section, which extends along the wall structure axis. In this way, the first and the second additional elements stabilize each other, for. B. against buckling, and can thereby optionally be made thinner. Thus, a particularly favorable specific energy absorption capacity can be achieved, namely in terms of force effects from different spatial directions.

The subject matter of the present invention is furthermore a vehicle which comprises at least one energy absorption device according to the invention. The vehicle may be a land vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, an aircraft, or a watercraft.

Preferably, the wall structure forms a side skirts of the vehicle. This allows a particularly simple integration of the energy absorption device in the vehicle.

A particularly good energy absorption effect results when the energy absorption device, as seen in the vertical direction of the vehicle, is arranged at the level of a floor assembly of the vehicle. As a result, energy can be absorbed in an area of the vehicle that is particularly heavily loaded in the event of an accident. Therefore, the floor assembly can be relieved and built accordingly lighter. For example, the bottom group can be made of a plastic material.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the wall structure is part of a bumper device of the vehicle. Such an energy absorption device may be provided on the rear side or on the bow side and extends substantially in a vehicle transverse direction.

Furthermore, it is preferred if the wall structure forms part of a door frame of the vehicle. This makes it possible to stabilize a vehicle area, which is exposed to particularly high loads in a side impact.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the wall structure is part of a roof structure of the vehicle. For example, the wall structure forms a roof spar.

However, the energy absorption device according to the invention can also be used for structures in the interior of a vehicle, which are particularly relevant to safety. In particular, the energy absorption device z. B. be used in the area of the backrest of a vehicle seat.

These and other advantages of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following embodiments with reference to the figures of the drawing. They show in detail:

1A a perspective view of a first embodiment of an energy absorption device;

1B FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the energy absorbing device according to FIG 1A ;

1C FIG. 2: a schematic representation of the deformation of the energy absorption device according to FIG 1A in a pile crash;

2 a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of an energy absorption device;

3 a cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of an energy absorption device;

4 FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating the force / displacement curves of energy absorption devices according to FIGS 1 to 3 are shown in a three-point bending test;

5 a cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment of an energy absorption device; and

6 : A cross-sectional view of a fifth embodiment of an energy absorption device.

Identical or functionally equivalent elements are denoted by the same reference numerals in all figures.

In the 1A is a first embodiment of an energy absorption device according to the invention 10 shown in perspective. The energy absorption device 10 includes a wall structure 12 extending along a wall structure axis 14 extends. The wall structure 12 has a substantially rectangular cross-section with beveled edges and includes a first wall 16 and a second wall 18 that are parallel to each other and with respect to an impact direction 20 perpendicular to the wall structure axis 14 oriented, are arranged one behind the other. A high direction 22 runs perpendicular to the through the wall structure axis 14 and the direction of impact 20 defined level.

When using the energy absorption device 10 in or on a vehicle is the first wall 16 preferably vehicle outside and the second wall 18 preferably oriented on the vehicle interior side. The energy absorption device 10 can z. B. form a side skirts of the vehicle, so that in the case of a side impact, an impact force on the wall structure 12 acting, at least one in the direction of impact 20 having oriented force component.

The wall structure further includes an upper wall 24 and a bottom wall 26 , each one the first wall 16 with the second wall 18 connect so that the wall structure 12 is circumferentially closed, ie a circumferentially closed cavity 28 circumscribed. The cavity 28 can also be completely closed, ie in particular also at the axial ends of the wall structure 12 ,

The wall structure 12 is preferably formed of a metallic material, for. B. of a steel alloy with a high tensile strength and ductility. In this case, the wall structure 12 be made by welding two half-shells, wherein the first half-shell, the first wall 16 and in each case a part of the upper wall 24 and the bottom wall 26 includes and the second half shell the second wall 18 and also part of the upper wall 24 and the bottom wall 26 ,

The wall thickness of the walls 16 . 18 . 24 and 26 the wall structure 12 may for example be between about 1 mm and about 5 mm.

The distance between the first wall 16 and the second wall 18 can be, for example, about 2 cm to about 15.

The energy absorption device 10 further comprises an additional element 30 which is in the cavity 28 is arranged. The additional element 30 extends in the direction of the wall structure axis 14 essentially over the entire length of the wall structure 12 and along the impact direction 20 from the first wall 16 to the second wall 18 , In the high direction 22 extends the additional element 30 however, only about 40% of the distance between the top wall 24 and the bottom wall 26 ,

The additional element 30 is with the first wall 16 and with the second wall 18 bonded. This will change the position of the additional element 30 inside the cavity 28 set and a shift of the additional element 30 counteracts in the axial direction.

The additional element 30 has an anisotropic fiber structure substantially along the direction of impact 20 is oriented. The additional element 30 can be formed both from a natural material (in particular from solid wood) or from a synthetic material (in particular a fiber-reinforced plastic). The material used has the lowest possible density, z. B. between about 0.4 and about 0.8 g / cm ³ .

The 1B shows a cross-sectional view of the energy absorption device 10 perpendicular to the wall structure axis 14 ,

In the 1C is schematically the deformation of the energy absorption device 10 represented in a pile crash, in a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the vertical direction 22 , A pile crash hits a foreign object 32 in a relatively short section of the energy absorption device 10 on the first wall 16 the wall structure 12 on. Due to the anisotropic fiber structure of the additional element 30 this has a high compressive strength along the direction of impact 20 so that a relatively high proportion of the impact force from the first wall 16 on the second wall 18 can be transferred. As a result, at least part of the impact energy is due to an expansion of the second wall 18 absorbed, and there will be a reduction in the distance between the first wall 16 and the second wall 18 counteracted.

By the deformation of the energy absorption device 10 as a result of the impact of the foreign body 32 it can cause a breakage of the additional element 30 come in the impact area, wherein the fault lines substantially along the fiber structure of the additional element 30 ie essentially along the direction of impact 20 , run. The fragments formed thereby 34 of the additional element 30 still extend from the first wall 16 to the far wall 18 and can therefore at least partially the function of power transmission from the first wall in the further course of the impact 16 on the second wall 18 fulfill.

In the 2 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of an energy absorption device according to the invention 40 shown. The energy absorption device 40 is like the energy absorption device 10 constructed according to the first embodiment, with the difference that the additional element 30 has a lower height and only about 20% of the distance between the top wall 24 and the bottom wall 26 the wall structure 12 extends.

In a third embodiment of an energy absorption device according to the invention 50 whose cross-sectional view in the 3 is shown are two additional elements 30a and 30b intended. The additional elements 30a and 30b are in terms of the vertical direction 22 superimposed and spaced from each other, wherein each of the additional elements 30a and 30b about 20% of the distance between the top wall 24 and the bottom wall 26 extends.

In order to simulate the behavior in a side impact (in particular in a pile crash), a three-point bending test was carried out on energy absorption devices according to the invention, which correspond to the above-described embodiments according to FIGS 1 to 3 are constructed. The wall structure in each case has a width (in the impact direction) of approximately 90 mm and a height (in the vertical direction) of approximately 128 mm and was produced by welding two half-shells made of steel with a wall thickness of approximately 2 mm. The additional elements are solid pine blocks with an orientation of the natural fiber structure substantially along the direction of impact, which were bonded to the first wall and the second wall prior to welding the half shells.

For the first embodiment ( 1 ) is the height of the additional element about 50 mm, for the second embodiment ( 2 ) about 25 mm and for the third embodiment ( 3 ) twice each about 25 mm. As a comparative example is a corresponding wall structure without additional element.

The diagram in the 4 shows the measured in three-point bending test force / displacement curves for the comparative example (curve 52 ) as well as for the first, second and third embodiment (curves 54 . 56 and 58 ). The result shows that the intrusion resistance over the entire deformation range in the energy absorption devices according to the three embodiments is significantly higher than in the comparative example without additional element. The weight-specific energy absorption capacity of the energy absorbing device was increased by about 2.2 times to about 2.8 times relative to the comparative example.

The 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment of an energy absorption device according to the invention 60 , The energy absorption device 60 includes a wall structure 12 as in the embodiments according to the 1 to 3 is constructed. In the cavity 28 is a plurality of additional elements 62 arranged. The additional elements 62 each extend from the first wall 16 to the second wall 18 and are along the high direction 22 evenly distributed and spaced from each other. The additional elements 62 can z. B. be formed by strips of solid wood.

To the positions of the additional elements 62 inside the cavity 28 determine are the spaces between the individual additional elements 62 with a material having a foam structure 64 filled, for example with a polyurethane foam. The material with the foam structure 64 preferably has a density of less than about 0.2 g / cm ³ . The additional elements 62 In addition, even with the first wall 16 and / or the second wall 18 be connected, z. B. by gluing.

In the 6 is a cross-sectional view of a fifth embodiment of an energy absorption device according to the invention 70 shown. The energy absorption device 70 includes in addition to a first plurality of additional elements 62 extending from the first wall 16 to the second wall 18 extend, a second plurality of additional elements 72 extending from the top wall 24 to the bottom wall 26 extend. The anisotropic fiber structure of the second additional elements 72 is parallel or substantially parallel to the vertical direction 22 oriented.

The first additional elements 62 and the second additional elements 72 are each uniformly distributed and spaced from each other and form a lattice structure in cross section. The second additional elements 72 may be formed of individual sections, which by the first additional elements 62 each are interrupted (or vice versa).

By the second plurality of additional elements 72 becomes the energy absorption device 70 also in terms of impact along the vertical direction 22 amplified, ie there is a reduction in the distance between the top wall 24 and the bottom wall 26 counteracted. The first additional elements stabilize 62 and the second additional elements 72 each other, z. B. against buckling.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

The energy absorbing device

12

wall structure

14

Wall structure axis

16

first wall

18

second wall

20

impact direction

22

vertical direction

24

upper wall

26

bottom wall

28

cavity

30

additional element

32

foreign body

34

fragments

40

The energy absorbing device

50

The energy absorbing device

52

Force / displacement curve of the comparative example

54

Force / displacement curve of the first embodiment

56

Force / displacement curve of the second embodiment

58

Force / displacement curve of the third embodiment

60

The energy absorbing device

62

additional elements

64

interspaces

70

The energy absorbing device

72

second additional elements

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102008015960 A1 [0006]

Claims (18)

Energy absorption device ( 10 . 40 . 50 . 60 . 70 ) for the absorption of impact energy, which extends along a wall structure axis ( 14 ) extending wall structure ( 12 ), wherein the wall structure ( 12 ) a first wall ( 16 ) and a second wall ( 18 ) with respect to one of the wall structure axis ( 14 ) vertical impact direction ( 20 ) are arranged one behind the other, characterized in that between the walls ( 16 . 18 ) at least one additional element ( 30 . 62 ) is arranged with an anisotropic fiber structure, wherein the fiber structure parallel or substantially parallel to the impact direction ( 20 ) is oriented. Energy absorption device ( 10 . 40 . 50 . 60 . 70 ) according to claim 1, wherein the at least one additional element ( 30 . 62 ) from the first wall ( 16 ) to the second wall ( 18 ). Energy absorption device ( 10 . 40 . 50 . 60 . 70 ) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least one additional element ( 30 . 62 ) in the direction of the wall structure axis ( 14 ). Energy absorption device ( 10 . 40 . 50 . 60 . 70 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one additional element ( 30 . 62 ) is formed substantially cuboid. Energy absorption device ( 10 . 40 . 50 . 60 . 70 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one additional element ( 30 . 62 ) with the first wall ( 16 ) and / or with the second wall ( 18 ) connected is. Energy absorption device ( 10 . 40 . 50 . 60 . 70 ) according to claim 5, wherein the at least one additional element ( 30 . 62 ) with the first wall ( 16 ) and / or with the second wall ( 18 ) is glued. Energy absorption device ( 10 . 40 . 50 . 60 . 70 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one additional element ( 30 . 62 ) is at least partially formed of a fiber-reinforced plastic. Energy absorption device ( 10 . 40 . 50 . 60 . 70 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one additional element ( 30 . 62 ) is at least partially formed of a wood-containing material. Energy absorption device ( 10 . 40 . 50 . 60 . 70 ) according to claim 8, wherein the at least one additional element ( 30 . 62 ) is formed at least partially of solid wood. Energy absorption device ( 10 . 40 . 50 . 60 . 70 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one additional element ( 30 . 62 ) has a density of 0.4 to 0.8 g / cm ³ , preferably 0.5 to 0.7 g / cm ³ . Energy absorption device ( 50 . 60 . 70 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein between the walls ( 16 . 18 ) several additional elements ( 30a . 30b . 62 ) are arranged one above the other, relative to a wall structure axis ( 14 ) and the direction of impact ( 20 vertical vertical direction ( 22 ). Energy absorption device ( 60 ) according to claim 11, wherein between the additional elements ( 62 ) a material having a foam structure ( 64 ) is arranged. Energy absorption device ( 10 . 40 . 50 . 60 . 70 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the wall structure ( 12 ) is circumferentially closed. Energy absorption device ( 10 . 40 . 50 . 60 . 70 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the wall structure ( 12 ) is at least partially formed of a metallic material. Energy absorption device ( 70 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein between the walls ( 16 . 18 ) at least one additional element ( 72 ) is arranged with an anisotropic fiber structure, wherein the fiber structure perpendicular or substantially perpendicular both to the wall structure axis ( 14 ) as well as to the direction of impact ( 20 ) is oriented. Energy absorption device ( 70 ) according to claim 15, wherein a first plurality of additional elements ( 62 ) and a second plurality of additional elements ( 72 ) are arranged perpendicular to each other. Vehicle comprising at least one energy absorption device ( 10 . 40 . 50 . 60 . 70 ) according to one of the preceding claims. Vehicle according to claim 17, wherein the wall structure ( 12 ) forms part of a side sill, a bumper device, a door frame, a roof structure or a seat of the vehicle.

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