DE102010006753B4 - Device for splitting or loosening cellulose-containing material - Google Patents

Device for splitting or loosening cellulose-containing material Download PDF

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DE102010006753B4
DE102010006753B4 DE102010006753.9A DE102010006753A DE102010006753B4 DE 102010006753 B4 DE102010006753 B4 DE 102010006753B4 DE 102010006753 A DE102010006753 A DE 102010006753A DE 102010006753 B4 DE102010006753 B4 DE 102010006753B4
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liquid bath
liquid
cellulose
containing material
splitting
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DE102010006753A1 (en
DE102010006753B8 (en
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Patentinhaber gleich
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ABS Apparate Behalter und Sonderanlagenbau GmbH
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B35/00—Reactions without formation or introduction of functional groups containing hetero atoms, involving a change in the type of bonding between two carbon atoms already directly linked
    • C07B35/06—Decomposition, e.g. elimination of halogens, water or hydrogen halides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J19/10—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B15/00—Preparation of other cellulose derivatives or modified cellulose, e.g. complexes
    • C08B15/02—Oxycellulose; Hydrocellulose; Cellulosehydrate, e.g. microcrystalline cellulose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C1/00—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting
    • D21C1/10—Physical methods for facilitating impregnation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)

Abstract

Vorrichtung zum Spalten oder Lösen von cellulosehaltigem Material (18), welches sich in einer Flüssigkeit befindet, umfassend- ein Flüssigkeitsbad (13), welches mit einer Flüssigkeit befüllbar ist, in der sich cellulosehaltiges Material (18) befindet,- zwei gegenläufige Elektroaußenvibratoren (1), welche zum Auf- und Abbewegen des Flüssigkeitsbads (13) mit dem Flüssigkeitsbad (13) zusammenwirken,- eine massive Grundplatte (2), auf welcher Dämpfungsfüße (3) angeordnet sind, um das Flüssigkeitsbad (13) vor Zerstörung zu schützen, und- eng am Flüssigkeitsbad (13) anliegende Führungsplatten (4) zum Führen der Bewegung des Flüssigkeitsbads (13).Device for splitting or dissolving cellulose-containing material (18) which is located in a liquid, comprising- a liquid bath (13) which can be filled with a liquid in which there is cellulose-containing material (18), - two counter-rotating electric external vibrators (1 ), which interact with the liquid bath (13) to move the liquid bath (13) up and down, - a massive base plate (2) on which damping feet (3) are arranged to protect the liquid bath (13) from destruction, and - Guide plates (4), which lie closely against the liquid bath (13), for guiding the movement of the liquid bath (13).

Description

In der Chemie, wird unter der Sonochemie die Anwendung von Schallwellen auf chemische Systeme verstanden. Der chemische Effekt kommt nicht von einer direkten Interaktion mit molekularen Teilchen. Studien haben gezeigt, dass es keinen direkten Zusammenhang zwischen dem akustischen Feld mit chemischen Teilchen auf molekularer Ebene geben kann, welcher für Sonochemie und Sonolumineszenz eine Erklärung bietet. Stattdessen entsteht Sonochemie aus der akustischen Kavitation die Bildung, Wachstum und implosive Kollaps von Blasen in einer Flüssigkeit. Dies wird durch Phänomene demonstriert wie, die Ultraschallbeschallung, Sonolumineszenz und akustische Kavitation. Ein Hauptproblem, warum Sonochemie bisher nicht im größeren Maßstab genutzt wird, ist, dass es nicht möglich ist, wirtschaftlich starke akustische Wellen in Flüssigkeiten zu erzeugen. Vorrichtungen, welche Ultraschall zur Erzeugung von Kavitation verwenden, sind in der US 2005/0136520 A1 , der US 2009/0286295 A1 , der WO 2009/142837 A2 und der GB 1 015 962 A offenbart. Die CH 360 982 offenbart ein Verfahren zum Nitrieren von Cellulose unter Verwendung von hydrodynamischen Druckwellen, welche unter Einwirkung von Zentrifugalkräften erzeugt werden. In der deutschen Anmeldung DE 10 2010 004 319 A1 und der US Anmeldung US 2010 0290979 A1 , welche zum nachveröffentlichten Stand der Technik der vorliegenden Offenbarung gehören, wurden bereits allgemeine Methoden für die industrielle Nutzung der Sonochemie gezeigt. Diese Anmeldungen nutzen die hydrodynamische Kavitation.In chemistry, sonochemistry is the application of sound waves to chemical systems. The chemical effect does not come from direct interaction with molecular particles. Studies have shown that there can be no direct connection between the acoustic field and chemical particles at the molecular level, which offers an explanation for sonochemistry and sonoluminescence. Instead, sonochemistry arises from the acoustic cavitation the formation, growth, and implosive collapse of bubbles in a liquid. This is demonstrated by phenomena such as ultrasonic irradiation, sonoluminescence and acoustic cavitation. A major problem why sonochemistry has not been used on a larger scale is that it is not possible to economically generate strong acoustic waves in liquids. Devices that use ultrasound to generate cavitation are in US Pat US 2005/0136520 A1 , the US 2009/0286295 A1 , the WO 2009/142837 A2 and the GB 1 015 962 A disclosed. the CH 360 982 discloses a method for nitriding cellulose using hydrodynamic pressure waves which are generated under the action of centrifugal forces. In the German registration DE 10 2010 004 319 A1 and the US application US 2010 0290979 A1 , which belong to the post-published prior art of the present disclosure, general methods for the industrial use of sonochemistry have already been shown. These registrations use hydrodynamic cavitation.

Jedes Jahr wird durch Pflanzen etwa 1 Billion Tonnen Celluose erzeugt. Diese Celluose kann man dazu verwenden um Glucose zu erzeugen um damit wertvolle chemische Produkte wie Ethanol zu erzeugen. Dazu wird das celluosehaltige Material mit Hilfe einer Säure, einer Lauge, einer ionische Flüssigkeit oder mit Hilfe von Ammoniak zersetzt- dabei entsteht Glucose. Leider ist dieser Prozess sehr langsam und ineffizient. Deshalb werden die Chemikalie und das celluosehaltige Material aufgeheizt, um den Prozess zu beschleunigen, was wiederum Energie kostet.About 1 trillion tons of cellulose are produced by plants every year. This cellulose can be used to produce glucose in order to produce valuable chemical products such as ethanol. For this purpose, the cellulose-containing material is decomposed with the help of an acid, an alkali, an ionic liquid or with the help of ammonia - this creates glucose. Unfortunately, this process is very slow and inefficient. Therefore, the chemical and the cellulose-containing material are heated up to speed up the process, which in turn costs energy.

FigurenlisteFigure list

  • 1 zeigt die komplette Apparatur. 1 shows the complete apparatus.
  • 2. Zeigt eine Kollabierende Blase, welche die celluosehaltige organische Struktur zerstört. 2 . Shows a collapsing bubble which destroys the cellulose-containing organic structure.

1 zeigt die komplette Apparatur sie besteht aus zwei Elektroaußenvibratoren 1, einer massiven Grundplatte 2, vier Dämpfungsfüßen 3, vier Führungsplatten 4, jeweils eine an allen vier Seiten, einem Einlass 5 mit einem Einlasssteuerventil 6, einem Vakuumanschluss 8, angeschlossen an eine Vakuumpumpe 9 und einem Auslass 10, angeschlossen an eine Pumpe 11 mit einem Aulasssteuerventil 12. 1 shows the complete apparatus it consists of two electric external vibrators 1 , a massive base plate 2 , four damping feet 3 , four guide plates 4th , one on each of the four sides, one inlet 5 with an inlet control valve 6th , a vacuum connection 8th , connected to a vacuum pump 9 and an outlet 10 connected to a pump 11 with an outlet control valve 12th .

2 besteht aus dem celluosehaltigem Material 18, welches sich in der Flüssigkeit befindet. 2 consists of the cellulose-containing material 18th which is in the liquid.

Detaillierte Beschreibung der Funktionsweise der Erfindung anhand der ZeichnungenDetailed description of the mode of operation of the invention with reference to the drawings

Die beiden Elektroaußenvibratoren 1 laufen gegenläufig mit der gleichen Frequenz. Dabei entsteht eine gerichtete Schwingung. Dabei wird das Flüssigkeitsbad 13 nach oben und unten beschleunigt. Damit es bei diesen Bewegungen nicht zerstört wird, werden Dämpfungsfüße 3 verwendet, und die Bewegung mit Hilfe von eng anliegenden Platten 4 geführt. Durch das Auf- und Abbewegen der Flüssigkeit wird diese zerrissen. Es entstehen Hohlräume. Diese Hohlräume werden rasch wieder geschlossen. Es entstehen Stoßwellen, welche wiederum die Kavitation erzeugen. Diese Kavitationsblasen 14 kollabieren und sprengen dabei 17 aus dem organischen Material 18 Bruchstücke 15, 16 heraus. Beim Kollaps entstehen enorme Drücke (1000 bar) und Temperaturen (5000 K), die chemische Reaktionen enorm beschleunigen.The two electric external vibrators 1 run in opposite directions at the same frequency. This creates a directional oscillation. Thereby the liquid bath 13th Accelerated up and down. So that it is not destroyed during these movements, damping feet are used 3 used, and the movement with the help of tight-fitting plates 4th guided. Moving the liquid up and down will tear it apart. Cavities are created. These cavities are quickly closed again. Shock waves arise, which in turn generate cavitation. These cavitation bubbles 14th collapse and blow up 17th from the organic material 18th Fragments 15th , 16 out. When it collapses, enormous pressures (1000 bar) and temperatures (5000 K) arise, which enormously accelerate chemical reactions.

BezugszeichenlisteList of reference symbols

11
Elektroaußenvibratoren (gegenläufig zueinander)Electric external vibrators (opposite to each other)
22
GrundplatteBase plate
33
DämpfungsfüßeDamping feet
44th
FührungsplattenGuide plates
55
Einlassinlet
66th
Einlasssteuerventil mit DurchflussmessungInlet control valve with flow measurement
77th
Vakuumvacuum
88th
VakuumanschlussVacuum connection
99
VakuumpumpeVacuum pump
1010
AuslassOutlet
1111
Auslasspumpe mit SteuerungOutlet pump with control
1212th
Auslassventil mit DurchflussmessungOutlet valve with flow measurement
1313th
Flüssigkeitsbad mit celluosehaltigem MaterialLiquid bath with cellulose-containing material
1414th
Kollabierende GasblaseCollapsing gas bubble
1515th
Herausgesprengtes celluosehaltiges MaterialBlasted out cellulose-containing material
1616
Loch im celluosehaltigen MaterialHole in the cellulose-containing material
1717th
Kollabiertes GasblaseCollapsed gas bubble
1818th
Celluosehaltiges MaterialCellulose-based material

Claims (3)

Vorrichtung zum Spalten oder Lösen von cellulosehaltigem Material (18), welches sich in einer Flüssigkeit befindet, umfassend - ein Flüssigkeitsbad (13), welches mit einer Flüssigkeit befüllbar ist, in der sich cellulosehaltiges Material (18) befindet, - zwei gegenläufige Elektroaußenvibratoren (1), welche zum Auf- und Abbewegen des Flüssigkeitsbads (13) mit dem Flüssigkeitsbad (13) zusammenwirken, - eine massive Grundplatte (2), auf welcher Dämpfungsfüße (3) angeordnet sind, um das Flüssigkeitsbad (13) vor Zerstörung zu schützen, und - eng am Flüssigkeitsbad (13) anliegende Führungsplatten (4) zum Führen der Bewegung des Flüssigkeitsbads (13).Apparatus for splitting or dissolving cellulosic material (18) which is in a liquid, comprising - A liquid bath (13) which can be filled with a liquid in which there is cellulose-containing material (18), - two counter-rotating electric external vibrators (1) which interact with the liquid bath (13) to move the liquid bath (13) up and down, - A massive base plate (2) on which damping feet (3) are arranged in order to protect the liquid bath (13) from destruction, and - Guide plates (4) which lie closely against the liquid bath (13) for guiding the movement of the liquid bath (13). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung - einen Einlass (5) mit einem Einlasssteuerventil (6) und - einen Auslass (10), der an eine Pumpe (11) mit einem Auslasssteuerventil (12) angeschlossen ist, umfasst.Device according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the device comprises - an inlet (5) with an inlet control valve (6) and - an outlet (10) which is connected to a pump (11) with an outlet control valve (12). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung eine an einem Vakuumanschluss (8) angeschlossene Vakuumpumpe (9) umfasst.Device according to one of the Claims 1 or 2 , characterized in that the device comprises a vacuum pump (9) connected to a vacuum connection (8).
DE102010006753.9A 2010-02-04 2010-02-04 Device for splitting or loosening cellulosic material Active DE102010006753B8 (en)

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DE102010006753B4 true DE102010006753B4 (en) 2021-07-29
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012011555B4 (en) 2012-06-11 2018-03-29 Abs Apparate, Behälter- Und Sonderanlagenbau Gmbh Cavitation-driven chemical reaction technology
US9492806B2 (en) * 2013-12-10 2016-11-15 Heiko Ackermann Cavitation generation mechanisms and their use in fermentation and wastewater and sand cleaning processes
EP3015434B1 (en) 2014-10-31 2020-06-03 ABS Apparate, Behälter- und Sonderanlagenbau GmbH Cavitation generation mechanism and their use in fermentation and wastewater and sands cleaning processes

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH360982A (en) 1955-11-07 1962-03-31 Wasagchemie Ag Process for the nitration of cellulose
GB1015962A (en) 1961-10-31 1966-01-05 Sirius Improvements in or relating to methods of and devices for treating substances with sound and ultrasonic waves
US20050136520A1 (en) 2003-10-03 2005-06-23 Kinley Michael T. Biomass conversion to alcohol using ultrasonic energy
US20090286295A1 (en) 2008-04-30 2009-11-19 Xyleco, Inc. Processing biomass
WO2009142837A2 (en) 2008-05-22 2009-11-26 Lewis Ted C Self-contained, high efficiency cellulose biomass processing plant
US20100290979A1 (en) 2009-05-16 2010-11-18 Heiko Ackermann Carbon nanotubes production process
DE102010004319A1 (en) 2010-01-12 2011-07-14 Ackermann, Heiko, 78604 Device i.e. cleaning bath, for cleaning materials, has electrical external vibrators moving in opposite directions for producing vertical oscillation, where device cleans materials with water hammer effect that is produced by oscillation

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH360982A (en) 1955-11-07 1962-03-31 Wasagchemie Ag Process for the nitration of cellulose
GB1015962A (en) 1961-10-31 1966-01-05 Sirius Improvements in or relating to methods of and devices for treating substances with sound and ultrasonic waves
US20050136520A1 (en) 2003-10-03 2005-06-23 Kinley Michael T. Biomass conversion to alcohol using ultrasonic energy
US20090286295A1 (en) 2008-04-30 2009-11-19 Xyleco, Inc. Processing biomass
WO2009142837A2 (en) 2008-05-22 2009-11-26 Lewis Ted C Self-contained, high efficiency cellulose biomass processing plant
US20100290979A1 (en) 2009-05-16 2010-11-18 Heiko Ackermann Carbon nanotubes production process
DE102010004319A1 (en) 2010-01-12 2011-07-14 Ackermann, Heiko, 78604 Device i.e. cleaning bath, for cleaning materials, has electrical external vibrators moving in opposite directions for producing vertical oscillation, where device cleans materials with water hammer effect that is produced by oscillation

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