DE102010005685A1 - Bearing arrangement for use in drive train of wind power plant, has ring unit engaged into recess of shaft, where supporting area in recess is angled at radial plane in longitudinal section of shaft and/or designed in curved manner - Google Patents

Abstract

The arrangement (1) has a ring unit (9) engaged into a recess (8) of a shaft (2) over an engagement section (10), where the engagement section is supported at the shaft in an axial direction. A connecting nut (14) is connected with a form closure section of the ring unit in a form-fit manner, and the ring unit is designed for securing a bearing arranged on the shaft through force transmission from the ring unit to the bearing. A supporting area (11) in the recess is angled at a radial plane in a longitudinal section of the shaft and/or designed in a curved manner.

Description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to a structural unit with a shaft, wherein the shaft has at least one recess, with a ring unit which engages via an engagement portion in the recess of the shaft, wherein the engagement portion is supported in a support region in the recess on the shaft in the axial direction, and with a cap nut, which is positively connected to a form-fitting portion of the ring unit, wherein the ring unit is formed for securing a bearing on the position bearing by a force transmission from the ring unit to the bearing. The invention also relates to a wind turbine for power generation with this unit.

With bearing arrangements one can differentiate in principle between a fixed bearing and a floating bearing. In a roller bearing in a fixed bearing arrangement, the rolling bearing is secured against displacement along the mounted shaft or axle, in a rolling bearing in floating bearing arrangement, the rolling bearing can be moved along the axis at least over a small area. When storing a shaft, a combination of a fixed bearing and a movable bearing is very often used, wherein the fixed bearing holds the shaft in position and the movable bearing allows, for example, a thermal expansion of the shaft in the longitudinal direction. Such fixed bearing movable bearing arrangements are used for example in the storage of rotors of wind turbines.

To secure a rolling bearing in a fixed bearing arrangement, various possibilities are known from the printed prior art:
The publication DE 103 187 51 A1 for example, concerns a shaft-hub connection for securing bearings. On the one axial side, a roller bearing is held by a stop ring, which is inserted in a recess with a rectangular cross section in a longitudinal section. On the side facing away from the stop ring, a securing sleeve is provided, which acts against the other axial surface of the rolling bearing. The safety sleeve is pushed onto the shaft during assembly and then fixed by plastic deformation on the shaft. In another embodiment, the fixing of the securing sleeve takes place by driving caulking in the radial direction, which engage in the driven state in a groove of the shaft.

The publication DE 41 173 34 A1 relates to a bearing assembly for the driven wheels of a motor vehicle, wherein a rolling bearing is held from one side of a housing and is secured from the other side by a locking ring which engages in a locking groove in the housing.

The publication DE10110668A1 concerns a cam groove drive in which a shaft is mounted for two rolling bearings, wherein the rolling bearings are fixed in the axial direction by means of a shaft nut which is screwed directly onto the shaft.

description

It is the object of the present invention to provide a structural unit for securing a bearing located on a shaft, which has functional advantages over the known solutions. It is also an object of the invention to show a wind turbine with this unit.

This object is achieved by a structural unit with the features of claim 1 and by a wind turbine with the features of claim 14. Preferred or advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the following description and the accompanying drawings.

According to the invention, a structural unit is proposed which comprises a shaft which has at least one recess. In the most general embodiment, the shaft designates a region of a machine component which, in operation, rotates about its own axis of rotation. Preferably, the shaft is formed as a shaft in a drive or driven train. The recess may be in the shaft z. B. in the context of a primary shaping and / or subtractive machining, such as milling, turning, grinding, etc. and / or forming. Preferably, the shaft is formed of metal.

The assembly further comprises an engagement portion and a ring unit, wherein the ring unit engages via the engagement portion in the recess of the shaft. In particular, ring unit and engaging portion are mechanically coupled and / or formed such that a force transmission can take place from the ring unit via the engagement portion in the recess.

The engagement portion is formed and / or arranged such that it is supported in a support region in the recess in an axial direction with respect to the longitudinal extension of the shaft. As a result, thus, the ring unit is supported via the engaging portion on the shaft in the axial direction.

As a further component, a union nut is provided, which is positively connected to a form-fitting portion with the ring unit. In particular, the union nut secures the ring unit on the shaft.

It is envisaged that the ring unit for securing a bearing located on the shaft is formed by a force transmission from the ring unit to the bearing. The force transmission can take place directly contacting the ring unit on the bearing. Alternatively, a coupling element, such as a sleeve, is disposed between the ring unit and the bearing. The bearing may be formed as any bearing, preferably as a rolling bearing, in particular as a radial rolling bearing and in particular as a ball and / or roller bearings. By the ring unit thus an axial stop and / or an axial adjustment of the bearing is implemented.

In the context of the invention, it is proposed that the support region is arranged in a longitudinal section through the shaft, for example through the axis of rotation of the shaft, angled to a radial plane, ie to a plane which is perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the shaft or the axis of rotation, and / or curved.

It is a consideration of the invention that the introduction of forces from the ring unit can be removed more uniformly via the engaging portion in the shaft and in particular a notch effect damaging the shaft is reduced. The advantage of the invention is therefore to be seen in particular in that the permissible load capacity of the shaft is improved by the selected shaping of the support region.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the transition between a bottom region of the recess and the support region takes place via a constant change in curvature. Particularly preferably, there is no kink in the curve, this is thus kink-free, which would possibly require a relatively high notch factor.

In a possible structural realization of the invention, the support region is formed in the longitudinal section of a circular section with a constant radius. It can also be provided that in the longitudinal section in both axial directions of the support region is curved, wherein the recess is then preferably realized as a half-round groove. Both support areas may be symmetrical to one another, in particular both have the same radius of curvature. Particularly preferably, the half-round groove is realized in the longitudinal direction in the longitudinal section in a circular section with a constant radius of curvature.

In other alternatives, other curvatures or even areas, such as a 45 ° bevel to the radial plane, can be used.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the ring unit is designed as a one-piece ring, which is simply divided in the direction of rotation, that is to say has an interruption region, and / or is formed as an at least two- or even multi-part ring. This training facilitates or allows the assembly of the ring unit on the shaft.

In a preferred embodiment, it is thus an axial securing of bearing rings on the shaft by means of two rings or sleeves, wherein the inner sleeve is structurally axially supported by the shaft. The geometric conditions are optimized to achieve a low notch influence and thus only small influence on the strength of the shaft. The second, undivided sleeve includes and stabilizes the inner possibly split sleeve.

In one possible embodiment, the engagement portion is integrally arranged on the ring unit, in particular integrally formed, so that engaging portion and ring unit form a common body. Nevertheless, it is possible that the ring unit - as described above - can be divided in the direction of rotation one or more times. For example, the engaging portion is realized as a radially inwardly aligned web on the ring unit. Particularly preferably, the web is formed as a semi-circular bead, which engages in the recess formed as a half-round groove in the shaft and thus axially supported.

In another embodiment, the engagement portion is formed as a insert ring, wherein in the ring unit a complementarily shaped recess is provided so that the insert ring engages partially in the recess and is encompassed to another part of the ring unit. For example, the insert ring may be formed as a ring steel ring, which shows a circular cross-section perpendicular to the direction of rotation. Also in this embodiment, it is preferred that the insert ring in the direction of one, two or more times divided and / or interrupted.

In yet another alternative, the engaging portion is formed as a plurality of balls, which submerge in sections in the recess of the shaft and partially projecting beyond the shaft, so that the balls can be positively received in the ring unit in the axial direction. Also in this variant points the ring unit has a recess for receiving the engaging portion formed as a plurality of balls.

In principle, the form-fitting section may be formed as desired, for example as a bayonet section. However, it is more preferable if the form-fitting portion is formed as an external thread on the ring unit. In comparison with a conventional shaft nut here is the advantage to see that the optionally destructive external thread is not directly mounted on the shaft, but is positioned on the ring unit, which - in a failure of the external thread - can be easily replaced inexpensively.

In a preferred constructional implementation of the invention, an annular gap is formed between the ring unit and the shaft in the area between engagement section to the bearing and / or up to a coupling element. The annular gap has in the radial direction a minimum width of more than 0.2 mm, preferably more than 0.5 mm and in particular more than 1 mm. The annular gap can be achieved for example by a withdrawal of the shaft in this area. Alternatively or additionally, the ring unit is slightly withdrawn in this area. The advantage of this implementation of the invention is that the axial support and the support angle is optimized.

In a structural realization of the invention, the bearing is placed as a fixed bearing on the shaft, which is thus fixed in the axial direction to the longitudinal extension of the shaft or to its axis of rotation on both sides and thus defines the position of the shaft. One side is fixed by the ring unit. But it is also possible that a fuse according to the invention on both sides of the bearing, designed as a fixed bearing point or floating bearing point, is arranged on the shaft.

Particularly preferably, the proposed assembly is used to secure a slewing bearing, which has a free diameter and / or a pitch circle diameter of greater than 500 mm, preferably greater than 1000 mm and in particular greater than 1500 mm. Especially with these dimensions of a slewing bearing, it is difficult to achieve an effective backup of the bearing with the known measures, whereas the current solution is an easy to install and secure design.

In a preferred application of the invention it is provided that the shaft is designed as a rotor shaft of a wind turbine, wherein the bearing forms a fixed bearing for the rotor shaft in the drive train of the wind turbine.

Accordingly, another object of the invention relates to a wind turbine for power generation with the features of claim 14, which has a structural unit, as described above, or according to one of the preceding claims.

Further features, advantages and effects of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention and the accompanying drawings. Showing:

1 a highly schematic longitudinal sectional view of a bearing assembly with a structural unit for securing a bearing as a first embodiment of the invention;

2 a detail in the area of the unit from the bearing assembly in the 1 in the same representation;

3 in the same representation as the 2 an alternative of the assembly as a second embodiment of the invention.

Corresponding or identical parts are each provided with the same or the same reference numerals.

The 1 shows a bearing assembly 1 , as can be used for example in a drive train of a wind turbine, in particular a wind turbine in the multi-megawatt class. The bearing arrangement 1 includes a wave 2 , in particular a rotor shaft, which via two rolling bearings 3 . 4 is rotatably mounted. In the case of the rotor shaft, this serves to transmit the torque from a rotor head to a generator. The bearing arrangement 1 forms the main bearing for the rotor shaft.

The bearing arrangement 1 is implemented in a fixed bearing floating bearing assembly, wherein the right rolling bearing 3 as a floating bearing and the left rolling bearing 4 is designed as a fixed bearing. The rolling bearing 3 is from the side of a case 5 held as Gehäuseloslagerstelle so that it is in the axial direction of the shaft 2 can move, for example, tolerances or thermal expansion of the shaft 2 compensate. From the rolling bearing 3 spaced apart is the other rolling bearing 4 in the case 5 taken as a fixed bearing or housing fixed bearing so that it has no play in the axial direction or even biased.

On the wave 2 lies the rolling bearing 4 with his left side on a wave shoulder 6 which are integral in the shaft 2 is formed and with the right side to a construction, in the Related to the 2 is explained in more detail. The rolling bearing 4 is supported in the axial direction in each case with an end face, in particular in the region of an inner ring from. The rolling bearings 3 . 4 are designed as slewing bearings and have a free diameter through which the shaft 2 is guided, of greater than 500 mm, preferably greater than 1,000 mm, with the right rolling bearing 3 a smaller diameter or pitch circle diameter than the left rolling bearing 4 Has. The preferably integrally formed shaft 2 is viewed from the diameter of the rolling bearing 4 in the direction of the rolling bearing 3 designed monotonically descending, so that mounting the bearings 3 . 4 is possible. The rolling bearing 3 is for example via a shaft nut 7 secured in the axial direction.

The 2 shows a detail in the 2 in the field of construction for axial securing of the rolling bearing 4 , In the wave 2 is a circumferential, groove-like recess 8th or groove introduced, which in the longitudinal section shown a part-circular course. In the recess 8th is a ring unit 9 supported, which - in particular for assembly purposes - is at least simply divided in the direction of rotation or consists of several parts, for example, two half-shells. At the ring unit 9 is an intervention section 10 integrally formed, which is complementary to the recess 8th is realized as a semi-circular bead and in the recess 8th is arranged. By means of the engaging section 10 the ring unit supports itself 9 on both sides in the axial direction on the shaft 2 at support areas 11 in the recess 8th and sets so that the ring unit in the axial direction positively.

The support areas 11 are curved as a part-circular sections and also angled in the course of a circle to a radial plane to the shaft 2 educated.

The embodiment with curved support areas 11 or the recess formed as a half-round groove 8th reduces the notch effect, which by a force transfer from the ring unit 9 over the engagement section 10 on the wave 2 is initiated. Due to this design feature is thus the load capacity of the shaft 2 elevated.

In the direction of the rolling bearing 4 indicates the ring unit 9 a sleeve section 12 on, which in a direct contact on the front side of the rolling bearing 4 supported. Between the intervention section 10 and the front of the ring unit 9 is an annular gap 13 between the wave 2 and the ring unit 9 or the sleeve section 12 provided to optimize the axial support and the support angle. The width d of the annular gap 13 in the radial direction is greater than 0.2 mm or even greater than 1 mm.

To secure the ring unit 9 is on this a union nut 14 fixed in a form-fitting manner. The positive fastening takes place, for example, in that the ring unit 9 a radially outwardly facing external thread 15 and the union nut 14 a cooperating internal thread 16 having. During assembly, the union nut 14 on the ring unit 9 screwed.

The ring unit 9 acts as a circlip for the rolling bearing 4 and must be in the width in the axial direction of the surrounding structure, in particular the width in the axial direction of the rolling bearing 4 be adjusted. When mounting the bearing assembly 1 First, the rolling bearing 4 inserted, then the ring unit 9 inserted in the next step by the union nut 14 is secured. This results in a construction that provides a force transfer from the rolling bearing 4 over the sleeve section 12 the ring unit 9 on the engagement section 10 and then over the support areas 11 in the recess 8th on the wave 2 allows, so that the rolling bearing 4 is employed axially.

In case of failure of the thread 15 or 16 The respective carrier parts can be replaced inexpensively.

The 3 shows an alternative embodiment in the same representation as in the 2 , in which only the differences are discussed below. Instead of an integrally molded engaging portion 10 becomes a plurality of balls 17 inserted into the recess 8th are inserted. The ring unit 9 has opposite to the recess 8th a circumferential half-round groove 18 on, with the half-round groove 18 and the recess 8th in the longitudinal section shown in a circle (except for the area of the annular gap 13 ) almost complete and the balls 17 enclose almost completely encircling in the longitudinal section shown. For filling the plurality of balls 17 can be provided on the one hand that the ring unit 9 divided in the direction of rotation or formed as half shells. Alternatively, it can also be provided that the ring unit 9 is continuous in the direction of rotation and the balls 17 via a filler neck in the ring unit 9 are filled, which is subsequently closed by a plug or the like

In a further, not shown embodiment of the invention is the engaging portion 10 designed as a round steel ring, which can be easily divided in the direction of rotation for ease of installation. Also, the round steel ring may be circular in its cross-section perpendicular to the direction of rotation, so that the recess 8th and the half-round groove 17 analogous as just described are executed.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

bearing arrangement

2

wave

3

right rolling bearing

4

left rolling bearing

5

casing

6

shaft shoulder

7

shaft nut

8th

recess

9

ring unit

10

engaging

11

support areas

12

sleeve section

13

annular gap

14

Nut

15

external thread

16

inner thread

17

roll

18

semicircular groove

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 10318751 A1 [0003]
• DE 4117334 A1 [0004]
• DE 10110668 A1 [0005]

Claims (14)

Assembly ( 1 ) with a wave ( 2 ), where the wave ( 2 ) at least one recess ( 8th ), with a ring unit ( 9 ), which have an intervention section ( 10 ) in the recess ( 8th ) the wave ( 8th ) engages, wherein the engaging portion ( 10 ) in a support area ( 11 ) in the recess ( 8th ) on the shaft ( 2 ) is supported in the axial direction, with a union nut ( 14 ), which with a form-fitting section ( 15 ) of the ring unit ( 9 ) is positively connected, wherein the ring unit ( 9 ) to secure yourself on the shaft ( 2 ) ( 4 ) by a force transfer from the ring unit ( 9 ) on the camp ( 4 ), characterized in that the support area ( 11 ) in a longitudinal section through the shaft ( 2 ) angled to a radial plane of the shaft ( 2 ) and / or curved. Assembly ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that in the longitudinal section of the transition between a bottom portion of the recess ( 8th ) and the support area ( 11 ) takes place over a constant change in curvature. Assembly ( 1 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the support area ( 11 ) is formed in the longitudinal section circular section with a constant radius. Assembly ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the recess ( 8th ) is formed as a half-round groove. Assembly ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ring unit ( 9 ) is formed as a divided in the direction of rotation and / or at least two or more parts ring. Assembly ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the engaging portion ( 10 ) in one piece on the ring unit ( 9 ) is arranged. Assembly ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the engagement portion is formed as a Einlegering. Assembly ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the engaging portion as a plurality of balls ( 17 ) is trained. Assembly ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the form-fitting section as an external thread ( 15 ) is trained. Assembly ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the ring unit ( 9 ) and the wave ( 2 ) in the area between engaging portion ( 10 ) to the camp or in the direction of the camp ( 4 ) an annular gap ( 13 ) is trained. Assembly ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the bearing ( 4 ), whereby the bearing ( 4 ) is arranged as a fixed bearing. Assembly ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the structural unit ( 1 ) is designed for a slewing bearing with a free diameter and / or pitch circle diameter greater than 500 mm, preferably greater than 1000 mm and in particular greater than 1500 mm. Assembly ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shaft ( 2 ) is formed as a rotor shaft of a wind turbine. Wind power plant for generating electricity, characterized by a structural unit ( 1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims.

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