DE102009051756A1 - Mounting system for supporting solar modules on flat roof, has base plates connected with transverse beams such that base plates adjust flexibly surface irregularities by force-fit connection of end zones of each base plate section - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has retaining lugs including interference elements and arranged at ends of a lower side of transverse beams (2). The interference elements intervene in a recess in two side walls of base plates (1), and are force-fitly connected with the transverse beams for holding the transverse beams in a perpendicular position in which the beams are connected with a rear wall plate (3). The base plates are connected with the transverse beams such that the base plates adjust flexibly surface irregularities by the force-fit connection of the end zones of each base plate section.

Description

The The invention relates to a mounting system for the mounting of solar modules in particular Flat roofs, the solar modules on the cross beams under a through the Attachment edge of the cross member fixed fixed angle are fixed and the cross member in turn with its lower side placed on the bottom trays and with these are connected.

One Such mounting system is known. In the known mounting system are both the side members as also the crossbeams made of profiled bars. Due to the design of the cross member top is the fixed angle for the inclination of the Module specified. In the known mounting system, the two Side member over a special System connected to the roof. Next are various substructures for the Assembly for Solar modules known, the Aufständerung the solar modules with Help from concrete slabs or gravel filled pits are ballasted about the elevation against wind forces to secure. Disadvantage of this Aufständerungssysteme exists u. a. in that the elevations on the basis of profiled bars in particular, the cross member is provided and thus no protection of the solar modules against external influences, in particular wind forces offers, about it In addition, the structure and the production is complicated. Mostly Fixed length modules prefabricated, which are then fixed on the roof. The finished mounted modules do not allow optimal space utilization.

task the present invention is to avoid these disadvantages and to create a system by which the space is optimally exploitable and slight unevenness of the substructure of the flat roof mounting not hindered, so that on-site, so on the roof, the system is easy to install, continue to solar modules and the Cable against environmental influences protected be and opposite additional Loads, such. B. to snow loads enough be stiff.

The solution the task is that at both ends of the bottom of crossbeam Holding claws are each arranged with an engagement element, wherein the engagement element of the holding claw in a respective recess in the both side walls engages the bottom tray and connected non-positively after insertion with the cross member be, and the cross member in the vertical position, in which he with the rear panel connected and connected to the cross beams floor pans are designed so that they compensate yielding bumps can due to their training on the one hand and on the other hand by the non-positive connection the end zones of each floor pan section with the subsequent, so that an endless chaining with each other is possible.

By the engagement of the engagement elements of the retaining claws in the provided Recesses in the side walls the floor pan, wherein the engagement elements part of the Haltepratzen are with the cross members firmly connected, not only is the cross member kept in a vertical position, around him with the back panel to connect, but in cooperation with the floor pan arises an inherently elastic, flexible connection for the elevation of solar modules, by means of the slight bumps at The assembly can be compensated and thus no influence to have on the assembly itself. In addition, this allows Mounting method A quick installation that can be carried out on site and only one tool needed to pull in rivets. The Interlinking of the floor pan sections with each other has the advantage the floor pan section number is adapted to the space available can be. About that In addition, there is no at the junction of two floor pans Interruption of the solar module row. It can be such an endless, continuous Series of modules are created, d. H. the series is not interrupted. The endless joining together of floor pans with crossbeams and the roof mounting allows on the one hand a simple transport of the items and the other an adaptation to the roof conditions.

The Integration of the cable duct into the inside of the back plate once has the advantage that it lies under the solar module, in the protected interior and after the wiring simply covered with another sheet can be so that in the sheltered interior recesses for drainage can be attached or liftable elements bent out of the bottom of the cable duct can be around the cables when open Cable duct to prevent it from falling out. The cable installation is from the weather protected.

The special design of the module holder in rectangular recesses in the upper flange of the cross member is inserted with its flat part and z. B. by a rivet with the crossbeam is connected prevents rotation of the module holder in the Assembly of the solar module. The midrib in conjunction with the raised Spacer lip of the rubber strips prevents the solar module from being inserted at an angle or on deposit by direct contact with the midrib damaged becomes. Through the midrib is the distance and the raised Distance lip from solar module to solar module always the same.

The in the longitudinal axis slightly conical design of the floor pan sections allows the overlapping, frictional Connection of floor pan sections, to an "endless" linking, in which the initial piece of a Floor pan section with the tail of the preceding floor pan section overlapping is placed in each other and z. B. is connected by riveting. When connecting, make sure that the longitudinal distance the recesses for the engagement elements of the retaining claw is maintained constant so as not to change the distance between the cross members.

By the small wall thickness the floor pans are yielding and there may be slight bumps in the floor be easily bridged, especially as rivets are used as fasteners.

The Floor sinks of the elevation can, as far as the load capacity of the roof allows, by ballasting with shaped bricks or sandbags to be held on the roof. For roofs the additional ballast The floor pans will not allow the roof with other fasteners held. For This type of attachment are additional recesses in the ground the floor pan sections provided. To the solar modules against environmental influences, before to protect everything against wind, but also the cross member made of aluminum sheet one to give some rigidity and in a simple way flanges for connection with the floor pans, the rear panel or the insertion of the module holder, are the cross members, made of aluminum sheet with a material thickness are made between 0.8 and 1.3 mm, designed as metal plates the single recesses for Have lines. You can On the one hand with little effort can be produced by edges and are easy to stack, which makes transport easier.

to Fixing the cross member are recesses in the side parts of the floor sinks, in the distance of about 61 cm, the width of the solar modules plus one small distance between the solar modules corresponds to each other.

The additional Attachment of openings in the Cable ducts that are broken out when needed are in the cabling an additional Help, also serve these and other recesses in the cable channel of Drainage.

below is an embodiment closer by means of drawings described. It shows:

1 An elevation for z. B. a total of nine solar module rows

2 Training the rear plate with integrated cable channel

3 A crossbeam made of solid sheet

4 Bracket of the cross member at the front edge (detail A)

5 Bracket of the cross member at the rear edge with covered cable channel (detail B)

6 Mounting formations on the rear edge of the cross member (perspective, detail B)

7 Forming the lower edge of the cover plate for the cable channel and the connection to the rear panel

8th Cross section through a solar module holder

The 1 shows, for example, an assembly assembled from individual parts for nine rows of solar modules, one row of two solar modules 5 exists, can be fixed. The elevation is from two parallel floor pans 1 on the ten crossbeams 2 are set up. The cross beams are connected to the two floor trays. Furthermore, the cross member with each other via a rear panel 3 with integrated cable channel 4 connected. The crossbeams 2 are made of aluminum sheet which has a thickness of 0.8 to 2.0 mm. Both the upper edge and the lower edge and the rear edge of the cross member are formed as a flange. The flange on the upper edge and the flange on the lower edge are opposite, ie in cross-section creates a Z-plate. As the 6 shows the lower flange 6 on the likewise angled flange 7 the bottom pan put on. To connect the cross member to the floor pan, two retaining claws are provided at each end of the cross member 8th connected to the cross member. Each holding claw has an engagement element 9 on the in a rectangular recess in the sloping side walls 29 the bottom trays is inserted before the flat holding claw with the cross member by two rivets 10 (Blind rivets) is riveted. In order to connect the holding claws with the cross member, the flange has at these points quadrangular openings. In addition, the flange of the cross member are connected to the flange of the bottom tray by riveting. The compound of the cross member leading edge is formed in a similar manner as the end of the cross member at the rear edge, also here, the connection of cross member and floor pan via holding claws with engagement element and riveting of the two flanges (see esp. 4 ).

As 5 furthermore shows are at the upper flange 11 quadrangular openings near the wall provided in the flat formed holding part 12 of the solar module holder 13 used and with the support wall via a rivet 14 is connected.

On the back of the cross member is also a flange 15 formed by cutouts for inserting the rear panel with cable channel 4 is interrupted. The rear panel 3 is riveted to the top and bottom of the remaining flange (see also 2 and 6 ). In the cutout of the rear panel 3 is the cable channel 4 , which projects inward.

2 shows the rear wall or the rear wall sheet training. As already stated, the rear panel is connected on the one hand to the rear flange of the cross member and on the other hand with a high flange 16 the floor tubs also connected by rivets. The upper part of the rear panel has an angled shelf 17 on. Between this board 17 (Fold) and the top edge 18 is a gap for ventilation. At the front edge also a gap of the same size is arranged. Like now 2 Furthermore, in the wall of the cable channel are an open cable gland 19 intended. In addition, another cable entry 20 provided, which can be opened by breaking out if necessary. To misplaced cables even when removing the cover plate 22 to prevent falling out are webs 21 provided on the lower plate, which can be broken out and placed vertically. The connection of cover plate 22 with the rear panel 3 is in 7 shown enlarged. tabs 23 on the cover plate are in recesses, which are arranged on the lower part of the rear panel inserted (see also 2 ). To close the cover plate is pressed against the rear panel and riveted or screwed with this. For better handling and stiffening is the upper edge of the cover plate 22 folded. At the two lateral longitudinal ends of the elevation, the cable duct is closed with a correspondingly shaped sheet or grid to birds to provide no possibility for a breeding site and to prevent the ingress of rain or snow in the cable channel.

The floor pans are also made of aluminum sheet with a wall thickness of 0.8-1.3 mm. In particular 6 shows the bottom pan of a 20-30 cm wide bottom at the left and right at an angle of about 115 ° (measured from the bottom to the side wall) sidewalls are attached at the top of an approximately 5 cm wide flange attaches. The outer edges of the flanges are folded up or down as needed. A bottom pan section has z. B. a length of 300 cm. In the longitudinal direction of the bottom tray sections are folded so that they are slightly conical, this means the beginning of the next floor pan section can be overlapped with the end of the previous floor pan frictionally connected, z. B. by riveting. So a chaining of the individual floor pans is endlessly possible. Thermal changes in length due to higher ambient temperatures do not constitute a factor which has a negative influence on the concatenation of the floor pan sections.

In 8th is a cross section through the solar module holder shown. Every solar module 5 is held by four solar module holders, with two solar module holders arranged on each side. As already stated, the flat, rectangular cross-section holding part 12 of the solar module holder in a rectangular recess on the upper flange 11 of the crossbeam 2 plugged so that it can be connected to the wall of the cross member, z. B. by means of a rivet. The holding part 12 and thus the solar module holder is thus secured against rotation. Like the cross section (see 8th ) through the solar module holder are with the holding part a lower transverse plate 24 connected as the support plate for the lower rubber strips 25 serves, which are inserted in grooves. In the middle of the transverse plate, which is 10 to 15 cm long, is a midrib 26 arranged on which the upper transverse plate 27 is placed with its central groove. The upper cross plate also carries two rubber strips. Between the two transverse plates with their rubber strips, the solar module is inserted and then the two transverse plates are connected by a screw. So that when inserting or inserting the solar module is not damaged by the solar module holder is a spacer lip 28 arranged on the inside of the rubber strip, which extends to about the rubber lip of the upper transverse plate, so that the solar module can possibly abut this lip during insertion or insertion.

Of the Inclination angle α of crossbeam is between 8 and 18 degrees as needed.

As mentioned above, the items of the upgrade are packed packed at the site. Due to the simple construction, they can be easily packed in larger units. Thus, the main parts of the floor pan sections, the cross member, the rear panel and the cover plates are delivered in a stack to the site. The holding claws and the rivets as well as the solar module holders can be provided in larger units. First, the floor pan sections are designed in parallel, connected to each other as required frictionally. Then you can start with the assembly of the cross member. The Haltepratzen be with the engagement elements in the floor inserted recesses provided on the other side and then the cross member is placed on the two floor trays and connected by riveting with the holding claws. Subsequently, the rear wall part is connected to the flanges of the cross member and the bottom tray by means of rivets. At the junctions of the individual parts corresponding holes are provided, so that only the rivets must be used at the intended locations and the machine riveting operation is performed. The extension of the floor pans takes place immediately after the installation of the first cross member or already before. The insertion of the solar module holder or the cover plates is done as needed. For assembly, essentially only one riveting machine is necessary and the assembly can be carried out by a person because of the simplicity of the connections. For the frictional connection of the items especially blind rivets are used. What makes a simple installation possible and only one riveting machine is needed. Since the rivet holes are punched into the prefabricated elements reworking during assembly is not required. The insertion of the ballast is usually done before installing the solar modules. In order to avoid damage between roof cladding and floor pan, especially with regard to the attachment to the roof or because of the ballast, a rubber plate between the bottom of the floor pan and the roof skin of a few millimeters is usually inserted.

of course is the elevation also suitable to be used in ground installations without this the essential components and considerations are changed would. Should it be necessary to additionally connect the cross members with each other or to stiffen because z. B. the starting material due to selected material thickness not stiff enough, so can Tensile and / or compression bars in the interior of the enclosed by the cross member Interior are attached.

There the items form-fitting are made and all joints in the individual parts already for the connection is prepared the assembly is easy and with little staff and little tooling feasible. Of course, instead of the described Module holder also other suitable brackets for holding the solar module be used as long as the solar panel safe and secure against rotation hold.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

floor pan

2

crossbeam

3

Rear panel

4

Cabel Canal

5

solar module

6

lower Flange of the cross member

7

flange the floor pan

8th

Retaining tab

9

engaging member

10

rivet

11

upper flange

12

holding part (ie module holder)

13

Solar module holders

14

rivet

15

flange (Back)

16

high flange (Bath)

17

shelf

18

top edge of the crossbeam

19

Cable glands

20

breakable Grommet

21

Stege

22

Cover plate

23

tabs

24

lower transverse plate

25

rubber strip

26

midrib

27

upper transverse plate

28

Distance lip

29

Side wall

α

tilt angle

Claims (13)

Mounting system for the elevation of solar modules, in particular on flat roofs, wherein the solar modules are fixed to the cross members at a predetermined by the mounting edge of the cross member fixed angle and the cross members are in turn placed with its lower side on the bottom trays and connected thereto, characterized in that at both ends of the underside of the cross members ( 2 ) Retaining claws ( 8th ) each with an engaging element ( 9 ) are arranged, wherein the engagement element ( 9 ) of the retaining claws in a respective recess in the two side walls ( 29 ) of the floor pan ( 1 ) engages and is frictionally connected after insertion with the cross member and holds the cross member in the vertical position in which it is connected to the rear panel ( 3 ) and the floor pans connected to the crossbeams ( 1 ) are designed so that they can compensate yieldingly bumps due to their training on the one hand and on the other hand by the frictional connection of the end zones of each floor pan portion with the following, so that an endless chaining is possible with each other. Mounting system for the mounting of solar modules according to claim 1, characterized in that the cable channel ( 4 ) pointing inwards into the rear panel ( 3 ) is integrated and its outwardly facing open side by means of an additional cover plate ( 22 ) is covered. Mounting system for the mounting of solar modules according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that on the continuous upper flange ( 11 ) of the cross member rectangular recesses are provided in the solar module holder ( 13 ) can be inserted, which are held by means of a non-positive connection. Mounting system for the mounting of solar modules according to claim 3, characterized in that the solar module holder an upwardly pointing midrib ( 26 ) has at the connected to the flat part lower part of the module holder, are placed on the rubber strips. Mounting system for the mounting of solar modules according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the bottom tray sections ( 1 ) are formed slightly tapered from one end (beginning) to the other end, so that the beginning of the subsequent bottom pan portion with the end of the preceding floor pan portion overlapping, non-positively connected. Mounting system for the elevation of solar modules according to claim 5, characterized in that the Floor pan sections made of aluminum sheet with a wall thickness of 0.8 mm to 2.0 mm. Mounting system for the mounting of solar modules according to claim 4 and 5, characterized in that in the bottom of the floor pan sections ( 1 ) Recesses are provided for roof fasteners. Mounting system for the elevation of solar modules according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that inserted in the bottom trays of the side member profiles shaped blocks become. Mounting system for the mounting of solar modules according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross members ( 2 ) of the elevation of metal plates with beveled mounting flanges at the top and rear and at the bottom are formed, wherein the top and bottom together with the cross member plate in cross section form a Z. Mounting system for the mounting of solar modules according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the two side parts of the floor pan profiles at a predetermined distance, preferably at a distance of about 60 cm recesses for inserting the engagement elements ( 9 ) of the retaining claws ( 8th ) are provided. Mounting system for the mounting of solar modules according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the rear panel ( 3 ) with cable channel additional breakouts ( 20 ) are provided, which can be broken open (if necessary). Mounting system for the mounting of solar modules according to claim 4, characterized in that on the lower transverse plate ( 24 ) arranged rubber strips ( 25 ) in the solar module holder ( 13 ) one in front of the midrib ( 26 ) of the module holder lying raised spacer lip ( 28 ) having. Mounting system for the elevation of solar modules according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the elevation is held together by means of plug and Blindnietverbindungen.

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