DE102009042978A1 - Flow diffuser for an exhaust system - Google Patents

Abstract

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention provide apparatus, systems, and methods for distributing engine exhaust to one or more exhaust treatment devices. In one embodiment, an exhaust flow diffuser is provided that includes a channel defining an inlet port, an outlet port, and a flow path therebetween. The channel includes a first region located near the inlet port and a second region located near the outlet port. The second region has an increasing diameter along its length. The channel is formed by a first member and a second member both extending between the inlet port and the outlet port to form a portion of the first region and the second region. The first member and the second member each include an engagement feature extending between the inlet port and the outlet port.

Description

Field of the invention

According to the teachings The present invention relates to devices, systems and methods for Distributing an engine exhaust to one or more exhaust treatment devices intended.

background

exhaust systems of internal combustion engines, in particular vehicle engines often one or more exhaust treatment devices to the amount to reduce regulated components within the exhaust gas. Such treatment systems can a device for selective catalytic reduction (SCR of selective catalytic reduction), diesel particulate filter (DPF), a Diesel oxidation converter (DOC from diesel Oxidation converter) or others include. Before the exhaust gas into an exhaust treatment device flows, For example, the exhaust gas may contain a urea solution, a hydrocarbon fuel or otherwise pretreated to the efficiency of the device to improve. There is a challenge with such devices in the even distribution of Exhaust and fluid additives to the exhaust treatment device and at the same time the spatial restrictions for the Arranging the device under the vehicle to meet. Often, as a result of the natural flow of the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas is directed toward a central portion the exhaust treatment device or other specific location directed. This has a structure of pollutants (eg particles or the like) at a specific location of the exhaust treatment apparatus As a result, the additional regenerative heating to remove such a structure requires. In other words, use Not all of the prior art treatment systems Device efficient for the transformation or treatment. There is accordingly a need on a device, system and method, for uniform distribution of exhaust gas and additives thereof to an exhaust treatment device under a special spatial restriction.

Summary of the invention

The The present invention provides devices, systems and methods for distributing an engine exhaust to one or more exhaust treatment devices in front. In a specific configuration is an exhaust flow diffuser for a Exhaust system provided. The diffuser includes a channel that has a Inlet port, an outlet opening and a flow path defined in between. The channel includes a first area that near the inlet opening is arranged, and a second area, which is arranged near the outlet opening is. The second area has an increasing diameter his length on and the outlet opening includes a diameter that is larger than a diameter the inlet opening. The channel is formed by a first element which extends between the inlet opening and the outlet opening extends to a portion of the first area and the second Area to form, wherein the first element is a first engagement feature which extends between the inlet opening and the outlet opening. The channel is also formed by a second element which extends between the inlet opening and the outlet opening extends to a portion of the first area and the second Form area, wherein the second element is a second engagement feature um, which extends between the inlet opening and the outlet opening. The first and second engagement features are configured to mate with each other to engage to connect the first and the second element and the flow path to build.

In another configuration, an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine is provided. The exhaust system includes an exhaust passage in fluid communication with the engine to receive and direct exhaust. The system also includes an exhaust treatment device for treating the exhaust gas. The system further includes a diffuser disposed between and in fluid communication with the exhaust passage and the exhaust treatment device. The diffuser includes a channel defining an inlet opening, an outlet opening, and a flow path therebetween. The channel includes a first region located near the inlet port and a second region located near the outlet port. The second region has an increasing diameter along its length and the outlet port has a diameter that is greater than a diameter of the inlet port. The channel is formed by a first member extending between the inlet port and the outlet port to form a portion of the first region and the second region, the first element including a first engagement feature extending between the inlet port and the outlet port , The channel is also formed by a second member extending between the inlet port and the outlet port to form a portion of the first region and the second region, the second element comprising a second engagement feature extending between the inlet port and the outlet port extends, wherein the first and the second engagement feature are formed to mating with one another engages to connect the first and the second element and form the flow path. The conduit further includes a fluid injector disposed between the internal combustion engine and the exhaust treatment device, the fluid injector providing injections of a urea solution or a combustible fuel into the exhaust.

In Yet another configuration is a method of outputting exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine to an exhaust treatment device intended. The method includes: exhaust gas through a diffuser stream is left, fluidly with the internal combustion engine and coupled to the exhaust treatment device and disposed therebetween is, wherein the diffuser of a first element with a first Mating surface and a second element is formed with a second mating surface, wherein the first and the second element can be joined together to form an inlet opening, an outlet opening and a fluid flow path form between them, wherein the diffuser a first area, the near the inlet opening is arranged, and a second area, which is arranged near the outlet opening is defined, with the second area gradually increasing Diameter along its length having; and a urea solution into the exhaust before or during of streaming of the exhaust gas is injected through the diffuser.

The described above and other features and advantages of the exemplary embodiments The present invention will be apparent to those skilled in / from subsequent description, drawings and the appended claims and understandable.

Brief description of the drawings

Further Objects, features, advantages and details of the present invention are purely exemplary of the following detailed description the exemplary embodiments it is apparent that the detailed description is given in the drawings relates, in which:

1 FIG. 3 illustrates a perspective view of an exhaust system of a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

2 Figure 3 illustrates a perspective view of an exhaust diffuser in fluid communication with an exhaust treatment device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

3 FIG. 3 illustrates a perspective view of another exhaust gas diffuser in fluid communication with an exhaust duct according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

4 FIG. 3 illustrates a perspective view of another exhaust gas diffuser in fluid communication with an exhaust duct according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

5 a bottom view of the in 4 illustrated exhaust diffuser illustrated;

6 Figure 3 illustrates a perspective view of another exhaust diffuser positioned over a frame member of a vehicle assembly, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

7 Figure 3 illustrates a perspective view of another exhaust diffuser in fluid communication with an exhaust treatment device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

8th Figure 11 illustrates an elevational view of another exhaust diffuser in fluid communication with an exhaust treatment device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

9 a cross-sectional view of in 3 illustrated diffuser illustrated;

10 an alternative configuration of the in 9 illustrated diffuser illustrated;

11 an alternative configuration of the in 9 illustrated diffuser illustrated;

12 a first end view of the in 6 illustrated diffuser illustrated;

13 a second end view of in 6 illustrated diffuser illustrated;

14 to 25 Illustrate elevational and cross-sectional views of various exhaust diffuser configurations in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present invention;

26 a side view of a separator according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention illustrated;

27 illustrate a plan view of yet another separator according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention light;

28 an end view of a further separating device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention illustrated;

29 illustrates a perspective view of an exhaust flow divider according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

30 illustrates a perspective view of an exhaust mixing device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

31 FIG. 4 illustrates a perspective view of an exhaust swirling device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

32 and 33 illustrate two fluid flow profiles through a channel according to the teachings of the present invention; and

34 to 37 Various engine exhaust systems in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present invention illustrate.

Description of the preferred embodiments

The The present invention provides devices, systems and methods for even distribution exhaust gas from an engine to one or more exhaust treatment devices such as B. a device for selective catalytic reduction (SCR), a diesel oxidation converter (DOC), diesel particulate filter (DPF) or others before. This distribution will pollutants the exhaust gas such. As nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, particles and others evenly over one Distributed inlet of the exhaust treatment device across. This is especially in a DPF advantageous because the regeneration time for Removing pollutants that over the exhaust treatment device have accumulated away due to Reduction or elimination of a local structure reduced can be. Furthermore, the uniform distribution of the exhaust gas reduces also hot Bodies that over the exhaust treatment device away due to this local Build up and can affect the durability.

By the features of the present invention will be the fluid flow rate and profile in and out of the exhaust treatment device without adverse Effect on fluid flow velocity improved. Leave the improved fluid flow profile and speed an optimized placement of Abgasbehand treatment device to and possibly reduce that for the treatment of the exhaust gas required substrate volume. These Reduction improves the durability of the exhaust treatment device and possibly reduce the cost of the entire engine exhaust system. The features of the present invention are particularly advantageous in certain vehicle configurations in which the accommodation and design constraints to be limited. For example, it is through the shape configurations the invention, z. B. the diffuser or otherwise, possible, certain Vehicle components such. B. frame elements and more specifically transverse frame members as in a ladder frame construction without adverse effects. These forms leave one fluid flow through relatively narrow spaces to, while they have excessive backpressure within the exhaust system while still providing a smooth output the exhaust gas to an exhaust treatment device you provide a allow for improved accommodation.

In one configuration, even distribution of the exhaust gas is achieved by a shaped configuration of a fluid flow diffuser disposed between the engine and the exhaust treatment device. In another configuration, even distribution of the exhaust gas is achieved through a strategic arrangement of an injector between the engine and the exhaust treatment device. In still another configuration, even distribution of the exhaust gas is achieved by an arrangement of a flow separator of the present invention between the engine and the exhaust treatment device. In still other configurations, combinations of these or other features are contemplated, as shown and described herein, to effect uniform distribution of the exhaust gas to an exhaust treatment device. Through these and other features of the present invention, it is possible to uniformly dispense the flow of exhaust gas and fluid additives (eg, urea solution, fuel, or otherwise) through a cross-sectional area of an inlet of an exhaust treatment device. For example, with reference to 32 , sees a typical laminar flow of a fluid through a tubular channel 200 a fluid flow profile 202 with a larger volume of exhaust gas and fluid additive extending generally through a central portion of the tubular channel 200 emotional. In one embodiment, with reference to 33 includes the fluid flow profile 202 the present invention, a more distributed fluid flow, wherein the volume of the through the tubular channel 200 is output more uniformly as the fluid moves.

With reference to the embodiments described in the 1 . 3 and 7 are shown is a vehicle frame assembly 10 shown a support for a motor 12 and an engine exhaust system 14 provides. The engine exhaust system 14 includes a diffuser 16 for use with an exhaust treatment system 18 to provide an output of exhaust gas to an exhaust treatment device 20 provide. The diffuser 16 includes a channel 22 , the one cavity 24 Are defined. The cavity is in fluid communication with an inlet port 26 and an outlet opening 28 to a fluid flow path through the diffuser 16 to build. In one configuration, the channel includes one or more features to aid in the delivery of exhaust gas through the channel 22 , The feature can, for. B. a separator 30 include to form one or more bypass passages through the diffuser. In another configuration include the diffuser 16 , the exhaust treatment system 18 or the exhaust system of the engine 14 an injector arrangement 32 with an injector holder 34 and an injector 36 for injecting a urea solution or a hydrocarbon fuel into the through the diffuser 16 flowing exhaust gas. In yet another configuration is the diffuser 16 Shaped to expand and exit from the inlet opening 26 to the outlet opening 28 of the diffuser 16 to cause flowing exhaust gas.

With reference to 3 is a first intervention feature 38 for coupling the diffuser 16 to an exhaust gas component such. B. the exhaust passage 40 , an exhaust treatment device (not shown) or the like. Likewise, a second intervention feature 44 for coupling the diffuser 16 to an exhaust treatment device 20 such as As an SCR, DOC, DOC or the like. The first and second engagement features may be any suitable engagement feature, such as an engagement feature. Example, a flange, a lip, a groove or the like. Furthermore, an engagement between the diffuser 16 and the corresponding exhaust gas components by any suitable attachment feature such. For example, a welded joint, an adhesive, a mechanical fastener, combinations thereof, or other suitable attachment may be maintained.

With reference to the 12 and 13 can change the size and shape of the inlet opening 26 and the outlet opening 28 include any suitable size and shape corresponding to an opening of an exhaust gas component with which they are engaged. In one configuration is the outlet opening 28 larger than the inlet opening 26 , It is z. For example, it is contemplated that the outlet port may include at least an inner diameter "d _o " that is at least about 1.25% larger than an inner diameter "d _i " of the inlet port, or even greater than at least about 1.5% an inside diameter "d _i " of the inlet opening or even at least 2.0% larger than an inside diameter "d _i " of the inlet opening. It is also contemplated that the outlet port cross-sectional area "a _o " is at least about 1.25% greater than a cross-sectional area of the inlet port "a _i " or even at least about 1.5% greater than a cross-sectional area of the inlet port "a _i "Or even 2.0% larger than a cross-sectional area of the inlet opening" a _i ". Other configurations are possible.

The shape of the inlet opening 26 and the outlet opening 28 may be similar or different and may be any suitable form such. Circular, oval, elliptical, square, rectangular or the like. The diameter of the inlet opening "d _i " and the outlet opening "d _o " may comprise any suitable diameter size. For example, the inlet opening 26 a diameter "d _i " which is between about 2-4 inches, and more particularly, in an exemplary embodiment, about 3 inches. The outlet opening 28 may comprise a diameter "d _o " which is between about 6-10 inches, and more particularly, in an exemplary embodiment, about 7 by 9 inches. In one embodiment, with reference to FIGS 6 . 12 and 13 , includes the inlet opening 26 a circular cross-sectional shape and the outlet opening 28 includes an oval cross-sectional shape. In this embodiment, the inlet port comprises 26 a diameter "d _i " of about 3 inches and the outlet opening comprises a "w-do" diameter of about 9 inches and a height "h-do" of about 7 inches. However, these are non-limiting dimensions as other dimensions, including those that are larger or smaller than the dimensions listed above, are available.

Likewise, the channel 22 any suitable size or shape around the inlet opening 26 and the outlet opening 28 fluidly connect, which may include any of the sizes of the inlet opening and the outlet opening. In one embodiment, as in the 2 and 4 - 6 shown is the channel 22 shaped so that it has one or more frame members 46 the vehicle frame assembly 10 crossed. In this embodiment, it is contemplated that the shape of the channel may include a portion having a non-circular shape, such as a shape. Elliptical, oval or the like, to dispose it and a fluid flow velocity around one or more of the vehicle frame members 46 maintain. Due to these non-circular configurations such. As a flattening, broadening and / or narrowing of certain Ab sections of the canal 22 it is possible to have a fluid flow velocity between the inlet port 26 and the outlet opening 28 without excessive exhaust back pressure. Also, the channel can 22 be configured to cause or maintain a uniform output of exhaust gases and particles flowing through the channel. The output of the exhaust gas may be achieved at least in part by having one or more regions of the channel 22 Contours are formed to a gradual expansion of the gas between the inlet opening 26 and the outlet opening 28 to effect. Such contours can z. As forms (cylindrical, frustoconical or otherwise), include twists, bends or other contours.

With reference to the 14 - 25 can the contour of the channel 22 a non-circular section such. Example, a section with an elliptical or oval or other cross section, which extends along a length "1" of the length "L" of the channel. This non-circular portion may broaden or narrow the width, height or the like of the channel 22 include. The non-circular portion may be toward the inlet opening 26 , the outlet opening 28 or in a middle section 88 be arranged of the channel. The non-circular portion may have a substantially constant cross-sectional area along a length of the channel, a variable cross-sectional area along a length of the channel, an increasing and / or decreasing cross-sectional area along a length of the channel, or the like. The non-circular section may extend over the entire or a portion of the length of the channel 22 extend. For example, the non-circular portion may comprise a length "1" extending over at least about 1/4 of the length "L" of the channel, at least about 1/2 the length of the channel, at least about 3/4 of the length of the channel, or the like. Further, the non-circular portion may comprise a length "1" extending over a substantial length "L" of the channel. Other configurations are possible.

Furthermore, with respect to the elliptical, non-circular sections, the degree of elliptical shape of the channel 22 vary along the length "1" of the non-circular section. For example, the elliptical shape may begin just below about 90 ° and gradually decrease to at least 85 °, 80 °, 75 °, 70 °, 60 ° or less. Thereafter, the degree of elliptical shape may again increase up to 70 °, 75 °, 80 °, 85 ° or even just below about 90 °. It is contemplated that the degree of the non-circular elliptical portion may vary by at least about 5 °, 10 °, 15 °, 30 ° or more. Also, a ratio of the width to the height of a cross-sectional area of the non-elliptical portion may be at least about 1.25: 1, 1.5: 1, 1.75: 1, 2: 1, 3: 1 or more. As with the degree of the non-circular portion, the ratio may change over a length of the non-circular portion including a gradually increasing or decreasing change from a first end of the non-circular portion to a second end of the non-circular portion. Other configurations are possible.

As shown in the drawings, the channel is 22 from a first area 48 with a first cross-sectional area and a second area 50 formed with a second cross-sectional area, wherein the first area in the vicinity of the fluid inlet opening 26 is arranged and the second area near the fluid outlet opening 28 is arranged. In this embodiment, the second area comprises 50 an inner diameter that is larger than an inner diameter of the first region 48 to provide for expansion of the exhaust gas as it passes through the duct 22 flows. With reference to the example configurations shown in FIGS 3 and 6 can be shown, the channel 22 for example, a cylindrical first area 48 and a frusto-conical second area 50 include indirectly through a third area 52 connected to each other, which comprises a bow or the like. With reference to 8th In another configuration, the channel may have a frusto-conical first area 48 and a frusto-conical second area 50 include, which are directly connected. In these configurations, a gas comes out of the first area 48 and enters the second area 50 a, the gas is diffused and expands outward when passing through the duct 22 flows. It should be appreciated that the channel further areas such. B. end areas 54 or the like, which may include any of the shape and size configurations (e.g., circular or non-circular) described herein.

The diffuser 16 can be formed by any suitable material and forming technique common to forming exhaust gas components. For example, suitable materials include metal, metal alloys, ceramics or combinations thereof. Also, suitable forming techniques include pressing, stamping, continuous casting or the like. In one configuration is the diffuser 16 composed of metal and at least partially formed by a stamping process. In this configuration is the diffuser 16 formed as a two-part element with corresponding mating structures for connecting the components. More specifically, as in the 6 . 12 and 13 As shown, the diffuser is made of a first diffuser element 56 with a first matching structure 58 and from a second diffuser element 60 with a second matching structure 62 educated. The first and the second matching structure 58 . 62 are adapted to be connected together to form a diffuser connection 64 to build. Examples of connections that may be formed by the first and second mating structures include an overlap connection, a tongue and groove connection, or the like. This bivalve configuration allows for the first and second diffuser elements 56 . 60 brought together, aligned and using a suitable fastener such. As bonding, welding, mechanical fastening or otherwise be attached. This bivalve configuration is particularly advantageous because it allows additional components such as e.g. B. a separator 30 , a flow divider 124 , a mixing device 132 or a swirling device 140 or the like are disposed within the diffuser to cause mixing or discharge of the exhaust gas through the entire cross-sectional area of the diffuser.

In an embodiment, the diffuser comprises 16 a separator 30 passing through at least a portion of the channel 22 and between the inlet opening 26 and the outlet opening 28 extends. The separator 30 is designed to be through the diffuser 16 to separate flowing exhaust gas or maintain a separation. The separator 30 is also designed to assist the evaporation of injected fluids by the increased temperature of the separator and / or the collision of the injected fluid with the separator. With reference to the configurations of 3 . 7 and 9 separates the separator 30 z. B. the flow of exhaust gas through the channel 22 in a first byway passage 66 and a second bypass passage 68 , The first and second bypass passages may have generally similar cross-sectional areas or may be proportionally divided. Referring to 10 is also contemplated in a further configuration that the separator 30 may be formed to a first bypass passage 70 , a second side passage 72 and a third bypass passage 74 wherein the first, second and third subsidiary passages comprise generally equal cross-sectional areas. Also, with reference to 11 , further considering that the separator 30 may be formed to a first bypass passage 76 , a second side passage 78 , a third bypass passage 80 and a fourth bypass passage 82 wherein the first, second, third and fourth subsidiary passages comprise generally equal cross-sectional areas. Other configurations are possible, including additional bypass passages, variously shaped bypass passages, various aspect ratios of cross-sectional areas, or the like.

The separator 30 has an appropriate length to allow migration or accumulation of exhaust gas toward a central axis "A" of the duct 22 to limit or prevent. It is z. B. contemplated that the separator 30 over at least about 50% of the length of the channel, at least about 60% of the channel, at least about 75% of the channel, at least about 85% of the channel, or may extend further. In one configuration, the separator comprises 30 a first end 84 that is near the inlet opening 26 is arranged, and a second end 86 that in a central section 88 the channel is arranged. In an alternative configuration, the second end may be 86 the separator 30 however, to the outlet opening 28 extend. Also, the second end 86 the separator 30 near the outlet 28 be arranged and the first end 84 is in a central section 88 of the canal 22 arranged. Other configurations are possible.

With reference to the embodiments described in the 3 . 7 and 9 are shown, the separator comprises 30 a first page 90 with a first surface and a second side 92 with a second surface. The first and second sides work in combination with inner walls of the channel 109 , around the first and the second side passage 66 . 68 to build. With reference to 10 can the separator 30 as well as a first arm 94 , a second arm 96 and a third arm 98 include, extending from a central portion of the separator 30 away and along the axis A of the channel. In this configuration, each arm includes a first and a second surface that in combination with the inner walls 109 the channel has a first, a second and a third bypass passage 70 . 72 . 74 form. With reference to 11 For example, in a still further embodiment, the separator may include a first arm 100 , a second arm 102 , a third arm 104 and a fourth arm 106 comprising the first, second, third and fourth subsidiary passages 76 . 78 . 80 . 82 form.

It is considered that the separator 30 in each of the above embodiments, one or more peripheral edges 108 includes, which extends along the separator / s. As in the 9 - 11 shown, the peripheral edges have z. B. a corresponding shape to at least a portion of the inner walls 109 of the canal 16 on to the separator 30 to attach to the channel and to maintain the separation of the exhaust gas between the bypass passages. Accordingly, the Diameter or the shape of the separator 30 each of the diameters or shapes of the channel 22 , in particular the cross-sectional areas of the first area 48 , the second area 50 or the third area 52 , include, as in 6 shown. As such, it is contemplated that the separator 30 may comprise a continuously increasing or decreasing width or may include one or more changes in the contour. It is also considered that the separator 30 may include one or more contours along its length. With reference to the embodiments described in the 26 - 28 are shown, the separator z. One or more flat sections 110 , one or more bends 112 (eg, a transverse or vertical bend relative to the separator length) and one or more twists 114 include.

Optional, as in 3 shown, the separator can 30 one or more, a plurality or even an array of perforations or openings 116 which are formed along a length and width of the separator and extend through the separator. However, as in the 6 . 7 and 9 shown, the separator can 30 comprise a continuous element which has substantially no perforations or openings formed therethrough. The openings 116 , as in 3 show a fluidic connection between the first and second bypass passage 72 . 74 to. With reference to the divider configurations incorporated in the 10 and 11 however, the ports may further allow fluid communication between more than two bypass passages. These configurations are particularly advantageous when used in conjunction with an injector assembly 32 be used, which provides a spray profile, which at least one of the by the separator 30 through openings formed 116 cuts. These openings 116 are also advantageous because they not only mix the through the channel 22 but also allow mixing of an injected fluid (eg urea solution, hydrocarbon fuel or the like) with the exhaust gas. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG 3 This is achieved by allowing a first portion of the injected fluid to pass through the openings 116 passes through and with the exhaust gas under the separator 30 mixes and a second portion of the injected fluid impinges on the separator or otherwise mixes with the exhaust fluid flowing over the separator. With continued reference to 3 In an exemplary embodiment, the sum of the open areas of the openings 116 within a jet pattern of the fluid injector 36 generally equal to the sum of the surface area of the separator 30 within the jet image of the fluid injector. This allows about half of that from the fluid injector 36 injected fluid to the second bypass passage 68 while the other half within the first by-pass 66 remains. These openings 116 can be about at least about 1/4 of the length of the separator 30 , at least about ½ of the length of the separator, at least about ¾ of the length of the separator or the like extend. Furthermore, these openings may extend over at least about 1/4 of the width of the separator, at least about 1/2 the width of the separator, at least about 3/4 of the width of the separator, or the like.

The separator 30 may be formed by any suitable material and forming technique common to forming exhaust gas components or the duct described herein. For example, suitable materials include metal, metal alloys, ceramics or combinations thereof. Also, suitable forming techniques include stamping, stamping, continuous casting or combinations thereof. It is contemplated that, in one configuration, the perforations formed through the separator 116 are punched by the separator. It should be understood that other suitable materials and forming techniques are possible and within the scope of the present invention.

As previously mentioned, the exhaust treatment system 18 one or more injector arrangements 32 for the injection of fluids into an exhaust stream for the treatment thereof. Such fluids may include hydrocarbon fuels or other combustible fluids such as e.g. As gas, diesel, alcohol or the like. Such a fluid may also ammonia-containing fluids such. B. urea solutions include. Other fluids are possible. As in the 3 . 4 and 9 As shown, the injector assembly can be an injector 36 in fluid communication with an exhaust gas passing through an injector port 118 flows, that pass through an exhaust duct 40 , a diffuser 16 , an exhaust treatment device 20 , an exhaust pretreatment device (not shown) or another duct for the engine exhaust system 14 is formed through. Consequently, the injector assembly with the diffuser 16 , the exhaust duct 40 , the exhaust aftertreatment device 20 or the like may be formed or mounted on it. In a specific embodiment, one or more injector arrangements are / are 32 upstream of an exhaust treatment device 20 arranged. In one configuration are the injector assembly 32 and the injector opening 118 arranged near a plurality of openings, which through the separation Facility 30 are formed through. In yet another configuration, the injector assembly is at the first region 48 arranged the diffuser. In yet another configuration, the injector assembly is closer to the engine 12 arranged as the diffuser 16 to allow thorough mixing of the injected fluids. There are other configurations available.

With reference to 3 is the injector 36 in an exemplary embodiment, at an angle "α" with respect to the first or second side 90 . 92 the separator 30 mounted and formed to produce a spray pattern which cuts the separator. Suitable angles include between about 15 ° and 45 ° or between about 20 ° and 40 ° or the like. In certain configurations, the jet image is advantageously oriented such that it has a portion of the openings 116 passing through a perforated separator 30 are formed, cuts. In this particular configuration, as previously explained, a certain amount of spray enters the side passage through the openings and a certain amount of spray remains in the bypass passage in which the injector opening 118 is arranged. In another specific configuration, the separator has 30 essentially no openings formed therethrough 116 on. In this configuration, fluid can be on one or both sides 90 . 92 the separator 30 be injected, wherein the injected fluid to the separator and / or the inner walls 109 of the canal 22 meets.

The diffuser 16 may include one or more additional modifying means for controlling the flow pattern of the exhaust gas into, through, or out of the diffuser. The flow modifiers are configured to further mix an injected fluid with that through the diffuser 16 effecting flowing exhaust gas.

Such a flow modifier can be anywhere in the entire channel 16 including the inlet opening 26 , the outlet opening 28 or in between. It is also contemplated that the flow modifier would be outside the duct 16 such as B. adjacent to the inlet opening 26 , the outlet opening 28 or otherwise arranged.

With reference to 29 For example, a first exemplary flow modifier is provided which includes a flow divider 124 includes. In this configuration, the flow divider is at an inlet port 26 of the canal 22 arranged to cause the mixing and distribution of exhaust gas, which enters through the inlet opening. The flow divider comprises a plurality of vertically and horizontally extending walls 126 containing an arrangement of openings 128 to control the flow of exhaust gas entering the inlet. Optionally, the flow divider comprises deflection devices 130 to divert or redirect the flow of exhaust gas through the openings. With reference to 30 a second exemplary flow modifier is provided which includes a mixing device 132 includes. In this configuration, the mixing device is at an inlet port 26 of the canal 22 arranged to mix the exhaust gas, which enters through the inlet opening. The mixing device comprises a base section 134 and one or more intervention features 136 at a periphery of the base portion for engagement with the inner walls 109 of the canal 22 is / are arranged. The mixing device 132 further comprises one or more angled or flow modifying lugs 138 extending away from the base to cause mixing or deflection of exhaust gas and fluid passing therethrough. In one configuration, the lobes extend in a direction that is not parallel to an axis "A" of the channel. With reference to 31 a third exemplary flow modifier is provided which includes a swirling device 140 includes. In this configuration, the swirling device comprises a main body 142 and ribs 144 extending therefrom to cause a rotational movement of the exhaust gas flowing past it. The swirling device 140 is in the direction of a central section 88 , please refer 7 , the channel 22 arranged and extends partially into the second frusto-conical region 50 of the canal 22 into it.

With reference to the 34 to 37 are exemplary exhaust treatment systems 18 and fluid flow patterns 146 shown. In a first configuration, like in 34 shown is a diffuser 16 provided, an injector arrangement 32 for introducing a fluid such. As a urea solution, a combustible fluid or the like. During injection, the fluid is dispensed to form an expanded fluid flow pattern 146 to build. In a second configuration, like in 35 shown is a diffuser 16 provided, an injector arrangement 32 for introducing a fluid. During injection, the fluid is dispensed to form an expanded fluid flow pattern 146 to build. The pattern is further provided by a swirling device 140 modified to form a rotating fluid flow pattern to further mix and disperse the exhaust gas. With reference to 36 is a diffuser 16 provided, an injector arrangement 32 for introducing a fluid and also a separating device 30 includes. During injection, a portion of the fluid hits on the separator on and moves along a first bypass passage 66 , Another portion of the fluid moves through the openings 116 formed through the separator and hits an inner wall 109 of the channel and continues to move along a second Nebendurchgang 68 wherein the injected fluid is an expanded fluid flow pattern 146 forms. With reference to 37 is a diffuser 16 provided, an injector arrangement 32 for introducing a fluid and also a separating device 30 includes. During injection, a portion of the fluid impinges on the separator and moves along a first bypass passage 66 , Another portion of the fluid moves through the openings 116 formed through the separator and hits an inner wall 109 of the channel and continues to move along a second side passage 68 wherein the injected fluid is an expanded fluid flow pattern 146 forms. The pattern is passed through a swirling device 140 further modified to form a rotating fluid flow pattern.

The present invention further provides a method for providing an output of exhaust gas from an engine 12 to an exhaust treatment system 18 in front. The method includes that of a diffuser 16 Fluidtechnisch with an exhaust passage 40 coupled, which extends away from the engine. The diffuser is further fluidly with an exhaust treatment device 20 connected as described herein. The diffuser includes a channel 22 , which has a flow path between an inlet opening 26 and an outlet opening 28 Are defined. The channel 22 is from a first diffuser element 56 and a second diffuser element 60 formed, which serve to be matingly connected to a first area 48 defining a cylindrical or frusto-conical shape and a second area 50 to define defining a frusto-conical shape. In a specific configuration, the method further includes a separator 30 within a channel 22 is arranged to a first secondary passage 66 and a second bypass passage 68 to build. In one configuration, the separator comprises a plurality of openings 116 to a fluid flow between the first bypass passage 66 and the second bypass passage 68 provided. In this particular configuration, the method further includes providing a urea solution or a combustible fluid having an injector assembly 32 is injected into a flowing through the channel exhaust gas, so that at least a portion of the injected fluid to the separator 30 meets.

The diffusers 16 with the associated components can be used in various engine applications, including diesel engines, gasoline engines or other internal combustion engines. Such engines can be used in the automotive industry, eg. In mass transit vehicles, passenger cars, trucks or the like. The diffuser can also be used in non-vehicle applications such. B. stationary motors that are used for mechanical or electrical power generation, or otherwise. The diffuser 16 can be used to provide improved output of exhaust including particulates and other gaseous combustion products to one or more exhaust treatment devices 20 provided. Such exhaust treatment devices 20 may include a selective catalytic reduction device, a diesel oxidation catalyst device, a diesel particulate filter, diesel particulate traps, a close-coupled converter, catalytic converters, or the like. With reference to 1 It is considered that in a configuration a single diffuser 16 for the engine exhaust system 14 is used and connected to a device for selective catalytic reduction, to provide an output of exhaust gas thereto. In another configuration, it is contemplated that multiple diffusers 16 used to deliver an output of exhaust gas to more than one exhaust treatment device 20 as described herein. It is also considered that the diffuser 16 downstream of one or more exhaust treatment devices 20 is arranged, for. B. is attached thereto or is in fluid communication.

While the Invention with reference to exemplary embodiments is described for the skilled person will be aware that various changes have been made and elements of which by equivalents can be replaced without to depart from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications can be made to teach a particular situation or material to the teaching to adapt the invention, without departing from the essential scope. The invention is therefore not intended to the specific embodiment limited which is the best mode for carrying out the invention. Much more the invention will include all embodiments which fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (20)

An exhaust flow diffuser for an exhaust system, comprising: a channel defining an inlet port, an outlet port, and a flow path therebetween, the channel having a first region located near the inlet port and a second region proximate to the outlet port wherein the second region has an increasing diameter along its length and the outlet opening has a diameter greater than a diameter of the inlet opening, the channel being further formed by: a first element extending between the inlet opening and the outlet port extends to form a portion of the first region and the second region, the first element comprising a first engagement feature extending between the inlet port and the outlet port, a second element extending between the inlet port and the outlet port to form a portion of the first region and the second region, the second element comprising a second engagement feature extending between the inlet port and the outlet port, and wherein the first and second engagement features are formed to mate with each other in the inlet riff to connect the first and the second element and form the flow path. A diffuser according to claim 1, further comprising a separator comprises, which extends between the inlet opening and the outlet opening, wherein the separator is adapted to the flow path in a first bypass passage and a second bypass passage to separate. A diffuser according to claim 2, wherein the separator is perforated to form a plurality of openings that are from a first side of the separator to a second side extend the separator. A diffuser according to claim 3, wherein the separator at least one change the contour along a length the separating device comprises. A diffuser according to claim 4, wherein the separator a first end located within the first region, and a second end disposed within the second region is included. A diffuser according to claim 1, wherein the separator an injector holder for attaching a fluid injector includes. A diffuser according to claim 6, wherein the injector holder is arranged on the first region of the diffuser. A diffuser according to claim 7, further comprising a separator comprises, which extends between the inlet opening and the outlet opening, wherein the separator is adapted to the flow path in a first bypass passage and a second bypass passage to separate. A diffuser according to claim 8, wherein the separator is perforated to form a plurality of openings that are between a first side of the separator to a second Side of the separator extend, wherein the Injektorhalterung formed is a fixed injector in the direction of the multiplicity of openings to orient the separator. Exhaust system for an internal combustion engine, which comprises: an exhaust duct in fluid communication with the internal combustion engine to a To absorb and direct exhaust gas; an exhaust treatment device for the treatment of the exhaust gas; a diffuser between the Exhaust duct and the exhaust gas treatment device and in fluid technology Connected thereto, wherein the diffuser is a channel comprising an inlet opening, an outlet opening and a flow path in between defined, wherein the channel has a first region disposed near the inlet opening is, and a second area, which is located near the outlet opening is, wherein the second region has an increasing diameter along its length and the outlet opening a diameter larger than a diameter the inlet opening, the channel being further formed by: a first element, which extends between the inlet opening and the outlet opening, around a portion of the first area and the second area form, wherein the first element comprises a first engagement feature, which extends between the inlet opening and the outlet opening, one second element which extends between the inlet opening and the outlet opening extends to a portion of the first region and the second region to form, wherein the second element is a second engagement feature comprising, which extends between the inlet opening and the outlet opening, and wherein the first and the second engagement feature formed are to mate with each other interactively first and second element to connect and the flow path to build; and a fluid injector between the engine and the exhaust treatment device is arranged, wherein the fluid injector Injections of a urea solution or a combustible fuel into the exhaust gas. The exhaust system of claim 10, wherein the fluid injector at the first region of the diffuser is mounted. The exhaust system of claim 10, wherein the fluid injector is mounted on the exhaust passage. The exhaust system of claim 12, wherein the urea injector closer to the engine is arranged as the diffuser. The exhaust system of claim 10, wherein the diffuser a separating device extending between the inlet opening and the outlet opening extends, wherein the separating device is formed to the flow path in a first bypass passage and a second bypass passage to separate. The exhaust system of claim 14, wherein the separator is perforated, and includes a multiplicity of openings that extend between a first side of the separator to a second Extend side of the separator. Method for outputting exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine to an exhaust treatment device, the method comprising: exhaust through a diffuser is left, fluidly with the internal combustion engine and the Exhaust treatment device and is coupled between them, wherein the diffuser of a first element with a first mating surface and a second element is formed with a second mating surface, wherein the first and the second element can be joined together to form an inlet opening, an outlet opening and a fluid flow path form between them, wherein the diffuser a first area, the near the inlet opening is arranged, and a second area, which is arranged near the outlet opening is defined, with the second area gradually increasing Diameter along its length having; and a urea solution in the exhaust gas before or during the flowing of the exhaust gas is injected through the diffuser. The method of claim 16, wherein an injector an exhaust duct is mounted between the diffuser and the Internal combustion engine is arranged to urea solution in to inject the exhaust gas. The method of claim 16, wherein an injector the diffuser is mounted to inject the urea solution into the exhaust gas. The method of claim 16, wherein the diffuser is a Separator comprises, extending between the inlet opening and the outlet opening extends, wherein the separating device is formed to the flow path in a first bypass passage and a second bypass passage to separate. The method of claim 19, wherein the separator a variety of openings includes, extending from a first side of the separator to extend a second side of the separator, wherein the injection the urea solution near the multitude of openings takes place.