DE102009008439A1 - Rotation body e.g. short circuit rotor, balancing method for asynchronous electrical machine, involves calculating unbalance of rotation body, and embedding balance weight e.g. bolt, in short circuit ring of body by high speed bolt set - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves calculating unbalance of a rotation body e.g. short circuit rotor (2), of an electrical machine. A position at which a balance weight (1) e.g. bolt, is attached to the rotation body, is calculated to compensate the unbalance of the rotation body. The balance weight is embedded in a short circuit ring (3) of the body by a high speed bolt set. The body together with the balance weight is provided in a common circular path, where a rotational axis of the body is extended through center of the path. An independent claim is also included for a device for balancing a rotation body.

Description

The The invention relates to a method and a device for balancing a rotating body, in particular a rotor of a electric machine. Furthermore, the invention relates to a rotary body, the by means of the aforementioned method or device mentioned above was balanced to eliminate an imbalance.

Under the term "balancing" one reducing or eliminating an imbalance. Not because each has a fixed axis to prevent manufacturing tolerances rotating body an imbalance, which upon rotation to vibrations, Noise and wear and thus a reduction lead the product life. Such imbalances can be, however, after the manufacturing process of the rotating body by balancing the mass distribution on the rotating body eliminate or at least reduce. Such a compensation can be positive or negative. When so-called positive balancing balancing weights attached at suitable positions. On the other hand, the so-called negative balances targeted mass at the rotation body removed, to reduce the imbalance. These are usually cutting Manufacturing methods used.

The inventive method is particular also for balancing a rotor of an electric machine used. Here, a negative balancing is often used, for example in the targeted holes in the laminated core of the rotor be introduced. Also, machining production methods come here often used, especially if the runner made of a die-cast material with high density has been.

A positive method for balancing a rotor of an electric machine is known from EP 0 911 537 A1 known. Here it is proposed to apply a balancing ring respectively on the front ends of the rotor laminations. Each balancing ring contains uniformly distributed over the frontal circumference threaded holes into which targeted screws can be introduced as balancing weights.

Of the Invention is based on the object as simple as possible and cost-effective balancing a rotating body to enable.

These Task is achieved by a method for balancing a rotating body solved, injected at least one balancing weight in the rotating body becomes.

• – eine Aufnahmevorrichtung zur Aufnahme eines Wuchtgewichtes,
• – eine Messeinrichtung zur Messung einer Unwucht des Rotationskörpers,
• – erste Mitteln zur Berechnung einer Position, an der das Wuchtgewicht auf dem Rotationskörper anzubringen ist, um die Unwucht zu kompensieren und
• – zweite Mittel zum Einschießen des Wuchtgewichtes in den Rotationskörper

aufweist.Furthermore, the object is achieved by a device for balancing a rotating body, wherein the device:

• A receiving device for receiving a balance weight,
• A measuring device for measuring an imbalance of the rotational body,
• - First means for calculating a position at which the balancing weight is to be mounted on the rotary body to compensate for the imbalance and
• - Second means for injecting the balancing weight in the rotary body

having.

Of Furthermore, the problem is solved by a rotation body, at least one balancing weight in the rotary body is shot.

advantageous Embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent Claims.

at the balancing method according to the invention is is a positive balancing method. That is, to compensate for Imbalance of the body of revolution becomes mass in addition added at a suitable position to the rotating body. The aim of the invention is now, this mass addition so easy, fast and cost-effective as possible. Therefore, the balance weight with a corresponding device shot into the body of revolution. Such a procedure does not require any pretreatment of the rotating body to be balanced. For example, on the rotary body no Threaded on, as in the prior art known balancing weights can be screwed. Much more The balancing weight can easily fit into the mass of the rotating body be driven by its high kinetic energy. in this connection it displaces the joining material of the rotating body and causes by the generally very high shot velocity one very strong local heating, allowing high degrees of deformation possible are. The so injected balancing weight is through This process is perfectly fixed in the rotation body.

One further advantage of the method according to the invention for balancing the body of revolution is its process speed. Attaching the balancing weights needed in comparison to other method, which is a non-positive connection cause extremely little time. For example, it would be very much more time-consuming, the balancing weight on the rotating body to weld or screw on.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the Balancing weight is attached to a rotor of an electric machine. Compared to that from the EP 0 911 537 A1 Known balancing method, the method proposed here for balancing a rotor of an electric machine is much less expensive. Because in the construction of the rotor no precautions must be taken in order to be able to balance these later. Thus eliminates the need to provide threaded holes in the rotor core or a to be mounted on this balancing ring into which the balancing weight can be screwed.

In Another advantageous embodiment, the balancing weight on a Front shorting ring of a squirrel cage rotor appropriate. Such a squirrel cage can now be very easily made with a conventional die casting process become. The required balancing weights can subsequently easily shot at a suitable position on the short-circuit ring become.

A advantageous embodiment is further given by that a bolt as a balance weight by means of high-speed bolt sets is injected into the rotating body.

As well an embodiment of the invention is advantageous Method in which a nail as a balance weight with compressed air in the rotating body is injected.

at the latter two embodiments, the bolt or the nail plan on the rotating body to be balanced put on and injected into the raw material. This succeeds especially easy, if ductile materials for the rotational body used, such as aluminum, copper or brass.

There these materials in electrical engineering, especially in manufacturing of squirrel cage rotors for asynchronous machines often find application plays the inventive balancing method especially here its advantages.

Also then when the rotation body of a harder Material is manufactured, can in an advantageous embodiment of the Method a rotationally symmetrical design of the balance weight in a rotationally symmetrical recess, in particular a bore, be injected, whose diameter is smaller than the diameter of the balance weight. This will cause the penetration of the balance weight relieved in the rotational body. Nevertheless it comes because of the ratio of the diameters of balance weight and Recess to the desired melting of the material in the area of the bullet point.

at a further advantageous embodiment of the invention becomes an imbalance before shooting in the balancing weight calculates the rotational body and calculates a position to attach to the balancing weight on the rotary body is to compensate for the imbalance of the rotating body.

In In many cases you will be balancing the rotation body do not get along with just a balance weight. In these cases an embodiment of the invention is advantageous in which at least injected another balancing weight in the rotating body becomes, with the at least one balance weight on a common Circular path is located, through whose center the axis of rotation of the body of revolution runs.

in the Below, the invention with reference to the figures shown in the figures Embodiments described and explained in detail. Show it:

1 a side view of a squirrel cage rotor of an asynchronous machine after a balancing by means of injected balancing weight,

2 a frontal plan view of the squirrel cage after 1 .

3 a balance weight and a short-circuit ring, in which the balancing weight is to shoot

4 a cross section through the short ring and the balance weight after shooting,

5 the injected balancing weight with an additional mass,

6 a cross section through a rotary body, which is completely penetrated by a balance weight,

7 a shot into a hole balance weight and

8th a plan view of a short-circuit ring with two balancing weights.

1 shows a side view of a squirrel cage 2 an asynchronous machine after a balancing by means of an injected balancing weight 1 , The squirrel cage 2 consists of a rotor sheet package 9 with grooves, in the ladder bars are introduced. The from the Läufererblechpaket 9 outstanding conductor bars are at both ends via shorting rings 3 electrically and mechanically with connected to each other. The entire rotor sheet package 9 is finally on a wave 5 shrunk off the asynchronous machine.

In the manufacture of the squirrel cage 2 It comes due to manufacturing tolerances always imbalances that could lead to an excessive burden on the machine bearings and especially in high-precision drives detrimental effect on processes to which the asynchronous machine is used. To compensate for these imbalances, such a squirrel cage 2 balanced. This is achieved in a particularly simple, fast and cost-effective manner in that the balancing weight designed as a nail or bolt 1 at a previously calculated position in the short-circuit ring 3 of the squirrel cage 2 driven by compressed air nails or high-speed bolt sets. For this positive balancing method, no precautions are taken at the squirrel cage rotor 2 to meet in advance. The illustrated method works especially well with squirrel cage motors of an asynchronous machine, since they are usually made of ductile materials such as aluminum or copper. Therefore, the balancing weights executed as nails 1 especially easy in these squirrel cage runners 2 be driven into it.

2 shows a frontal plan view of the squirrel cage rotor 2 to 1 , The injected balancing weight 1 can be anywhere on the shorting ring 3 be attached. When balancing the squirrel cage 2 one is not bound to any discrete predetermined positions, as would be the case, for example, in the negative balancing are mounted in the corresponding be removed balancing pin during the production process of the runner. Thus, the balancing method shown here offers maximum freedom in choosing the position of the balance weight 1 and thus best conditions, the squirrel cage 2 optimally balanced with minimum cost.

3 shows a balance weight 1 and a short-circuit ring 3 in the balance weight 1 is to shoot. As a balance weight 1 finds a nail application whose mass serves as a balancing mass.

4 shows a cross section through the short-circuit ring 3 to 3 and the balance weight 1 after shooting. It is a melting zone 10 to recognize in the joining material of the short-circuit ring 3 caused by the shooting of the nail and the resulting strong local heating. In this way, very large degrees of deformation are possible, especially if a ductile material for the short-circuit ring 3 is used. After shooting, the nail as a balancing mass is excellent within the short-circuit ring 3 fixed.

5 shows the injected balancing weight 1 with an additional mass 8th , If, for example, balance weights 1 the same shape and mass are used for the balancing of the squirrel cage, so the effective balancing mass can be very easily varied, in which a kind of washer as an additional balancing mass 8th is placed under the nail.

6 shows a cross section through a body of revolution, of a balance weight 1 is completely penetrated. Again, this could be a short-circuit ring 3 act of a squirrel cage. Even if the balance weight 1 this short-circuit ring 3 completely penetrates, is a reliable fixation of the balance weight 1 through the molten mass of the short-circuit ring 3 guaranteed.

7 shows one in a hole 4 injected balance weight 1 , Here was a short-circuit ring 3 an asynchronous machine initially drilled to the penetration of the balance weight 1 to facilitate. The position of the hole 4 was first determined on the basis of a measurement of the imbalance of the runner. Then a hole was made at this position in the shorting ring 3 drilled. Again, forms a melting zone when shooting the balancing weight 10 that the balancing weight 1 in the short-circuit ring 3 fixed. Such a method only requires an additional drilling step, whereby no special precautions have to be taken here for the production of the squirrel cage rotor. The hole 4 can be anywhere on the shorting ring 3 after the manufacture of the squirrel cage rotor. Through the hole 4 is the penetration of the balance weight 1 especially easier in harder materials.

8th shows a plan view of a short-circuit ring 3 an asynchronous machine with two balancing weights 1 . 6 , The previously mentioned at least one balance weight 1 and another balance weight 6 are on a common circular path 7 passing the axis of rotation of the squirrel cage, passing through the shaft 5 is formed concentrically encloses. The positioning of the two balancing weights 1 . 6 on the common circular path 7 is not mandatory. However, it facilitates the determination of the positions for the balance weights 1 . 6 since no further degree of freedom with respect to the radial distance must be taken into account in the calculation.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

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Cited patent literature

• - EP 0911537 A1 [0004, 0012]

Claims (16)

Method for balancing a rotating body, in which at least one balancing weight ( 1 ) is injected into the rotating body. The method of claim 1, wherein the balance weight ( 1 ) is attached to a rotor of an electric machine. The method of claim 2, wherein the balance weight ( 1 ) at a front side Kurschlussring ( 3 ) of a squirrel cage ( 2 ) is attached. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a bolt as balancing weight ( 1 ) is injected by means of high-speed bolt set in the rotating body. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a nail as balancing weight ( 1 ) is injected with compressed air into the rotating body. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the balancing weight ( 1 ) is rotationally symmetrical and in a rotationally symmetrical recess, in particular a bore ( 4 ), whose diameter is smaller than the diameter of the balance weight ( 1 ). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein prior to shooting the balancing weight ( 1 ) - an unbalance of the body of revolution is calculated and - a position is calculated at which the balance weight ( 1 ) is to be mounted on the rotary body to compensate for the imbalance of the rotary body. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one further balancing weight ( 6 ) is injected into the rotating body, which is at least egg nem balancing weight ( 1 ) on a common circular path ( 7 ), through whose center the axis of rotation of the body of revolution runs. Device for balancing a rotating body, the device comprising: - a receiving device for receiving a balancing weight ( 1 ), - a measuring device for measuring an imbalance of the rotary body, - first means for calculating a position at which the balance weight ( 1 ) is to be mounted on the rotary body to compensate for the imbalance and - second means for shooting the balancing weight ( 1 ) in the rotational body. Apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the apparatus comprises a compressed air tank and for shooting the balancing weight ( 1 ) is set up with compressed air. Rotational body in which at least one balance weight ( 1 ) is shot in the rotating body. A rotary body according to claim 11, wherein the rotary body as a rotor of an electric machine is executed. Rotary body according to claim 12, wherein the rotor is a squirrel-cage ( 2 ) and the squirrel-cage rotor have two end-face short-circuit rings ( 3 ), wherein the at least one balance weight ( 1 ) in one of the two shorting rings ( 3 ) is shot. Rotary body according to one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the balance weight ( 1 ) is designed as a nail or bolt. Rotary body according to one of claims 11 to 14, wherein at least one further balancing weight ( 6 ) is injected into the rotary body, which is at least one balance weight ( 1 ) is located on a common circular path, through the center of which runs the axis of rotation of the body of revolution. Electric machine with a rotary body according to one of claims 11 to 15.