DE102009008132A1 - Gate controller for controlling electric motor driven gate, comprises microprocessor unit for processing incoming commands and signals for controlling gate, and for monitoring and testing of safety relevant components - Google Patents

Abstract

The gate controller (7) comprises a microprocessor unit (16) for processing incoming commands and signals for controlling a gate, for monitoring and testing of safety relevant components, and for controlling an integrated frequency converter (21). A voltage control circuit (23) is provided, which is fed by direct current voltage that is provided by an intermediate circuit (13) of the frequency converter integrated in the switching power supply.

Description

The The invention relates to a gate control for controlling an electric motor driven gates, a driving device for safe control having a brake.

The Invention is used in an electronic gate control for a motor-driven gate. The term Tor is used in this Context understood every device with which a building or a terrain can be closed, including falling For example, sliding gates, roller doors, sectional doors or overhead doors or any other type of gate and barriers.

Especially the invention relates to a gate control with integrated frequency converter, which serves the electric door drive with different To move speeds, for example, a soft start and To allow the gate to be slowed down or the gate to be different Speeds to open and close.

The However, the invention also relates to such gate controls over a switching power supply to be supplied with electrical extra-low voltage, which is arranged between the mains AC voltage and the gate control is, and have no integrated frequency converter. at These gate controls can control the motor for opening and Close the door either via relay or contactors done or the gate control controls an externally arranged Frequency converter.

A electronic door control has the task of the electric door drive to control the up and movement of the gate, the Signals from commanders for opening and closing to process the gate, interrogate encoder to determine the gate position and process that information and make the signals more security relevant Evaluate sensors and the door drive according to this information head for.

In order to The movement of a gate can be stopped quickly and thus a completely or partially opened gate can not leave its position, gate operators after the State of the art in addition to an electric motor and a transmission as well an electromechanical brake on that opened so long is how it is supplied with electrical voltage. As soon as her Supply voltage is interrupted, the brake begins to act. These brakes work according to the so-called closed-circuit principle. It However, there are also brakes, which are based on the so-called working current principle work, known, which then become active as soon as they are with their supply voltage be supplied.

In In practice, a variety of different brakes in use, however, they are all usually powered by a DC voltage become. It is common today, the DC voltage through to produce a rectifier in the immediate vicinity of the Brake is arranged or can be integrated into the brake. The brakes can by this arrangement with the AC mains voltage be supplied.

to Control of the brakes, it has become established, a relay output (Brake relay) on the gate control provide the supply voltage to the brake as soon as the gate is to be stopped. there make it brake relays in a typical time of 5 to 50 milliseconds to turn off the brake. Because the rectifier is used to generate the DC voltage for the brake in the immediate vicinity The brake is arranged by the brake relay of the gate control switched the respective AC mains voltage. The electrical power consumption of brakes is typically in the range around 60 watts.

These However, established control of the brake has some disadvantages. A disadvantage is that the brake is designed for the respective mains AC voltage have to be. At the different locations of a gate are however, many different AC line voltages are common. In Europe, for example, in single-phase networks 230 volts and in three-phase networks 400 volts, while in the US in single-phase networks 115 volts and in three-phase networks 205 volts and 480 volts are to be found. As a result, a variety of different Braking necessary, which increases the warehousing and logistics.

a Another disadvantage is the use of relays, as relays subject to systemic wear and also prone to error, which is a certain security risk in the control of the brake result, if, for example Stick relay contacts stick. In addition, you can Short circuits or wiring errors are difficult to monitor or hedged and run regularly Destruction or damage to relay contacts. Also the suppression of the circuits for controlling the Brake is often poorly executed.

Thereby, that the high AC mains voltage over that in the gate control integrated relay is to switch, are also consuming Terminals and expensive components necessary, to which a mains AC voltage may be connected and the safety regulations for Low voltages correspond.

The state of the art includes Torsteue with integrated frequency inverters, for example, in the publications DE 295 13 962 U1 and DE 101 42 431 B4 to be discribed. It is characterized in the prior art DE 295 13 962 U1 Gate controller described with frequency converter in that a single microprocessor unit in addition to the logical processing of the input commands, safety functions, detection of the gate position and signaling of states also performs the direct control of an integrated frequency converter.

Out The prior art also includes such gate controls with frequency converter in which one of a microprocessor unit controlled Control unit the processing of the input commands, safety functions, Detection of the gate position and signaling of states performs. As a frequency converter is in this embodiment a standard frequency converter unit with its own Microprocessor unit used with the control unit is electrically connected and controlled by this.

This The prior art has the disadvantage that no direct intervention in the frequency converter unit is possible, for example perform safety-related functions or tap voltages.

at Frequency converters according to the prior art, the fed Mains AC voltage first by means of a rectifier circuit rectified, smoothed and filtered into a DC voltage. So that no current peaks, harmonics or other repercussions of the frequency converter in the feeding network occur and thus the DC voltage only small amounts of low-frequency or High-frequency harmonics also include elements for smoothing and filtering the DC voltage to the rectifier circuit.

The DC voltage is then in a so-called DC link to Energy buffering feeds. The rectifier circuit and the DC link are designed so that sufficient energy to drive a door drive is available. Typical door drives need an electrical power between 500 watts to 5000 watts. The DC voltage in the DC link is dependent the line AC voltage supplied to the frequency converter typically gives values between 300 volts to 800 volts.

Farther Become from the DC voltage of the DC bus and the DC voltages for Operation of the other components of the door control such as the microprocessor, the inputs and outputs, Indicator displays and LEDs derived. Because these others Components only with lower voltages of, for example, 5 volts, 12 volts or 24 volts can be operated, the high DC voltage of the DC link via voltage regulators or switching power supplies to the required height the DC voltage reduced.

the DC link downstream is an output stage circuit, the at appropriate control from the DC link available set DC voltage an AC voltage with variable frequency generated for feeding an electric motor. Because frequency converter for door controls usually feed a door drive, which is designed as a three-phase AC motor, has the power amplifier circuit three parallel power amplifiers, which are driven by a drive circuit become. The drive circuit is between the power stage circuit and a microcontroller, and thus becomes dynamic Triggered signals that a three-phase AC voltage is generated, which have a phase angle of 120 ° between the individual Has phases.

Next a frequency converter have gate controls according to the state of Technique a microprocessor or microcontroller (hereinafter only still called microprocessor unit) on, who has the task, the Input signals from commandors, safety sensors and position encoders to process safety-related components and to test, to monitor the position of the gate and the drive circuit of the frequency converter according to the applied Commanding commands so that the door opener, Closing or stopping the gate is controlled.

Door controls without integrated frequency converter also have at least one power supply on, which is usually designed as a switching power supply is. These power supplies are used to control the components of the door control such as the microprocessor, the inputs and Outputs, display displays and LEDs with a DC voltage to supply.

The The technical problem underlying the invention is that to provide a device for a gate control, with the a brake controlled cost-effective and reliable can be, and regardless of the local AC mains voltage can be used.

Solved This technical problem is due to a gate control with the features according to claim 1.

• – dass eine Spannungsregelschaltung von einer Gleichspannung gespeist wird, die von einem Zwischenkreis des in die Torsteuerung integrierten Frequenzumrichters oder einem Schaltnetzteil zur Verfügung gestellt wird, und
• – dass eine Spannungsregelschaltung die speisende Gleichspannung auf eine Kleinspannung reduziert, und
• – dass diese Kleinspannung einer Bremsenansteuerung zugeführt wird, die als elektronischer Schalter ausgeführt ist, und die Bremsenansteuerung als eine die Bremse durch Zuführung oder Unterbrechung der Kleinspannung aktivierende oder deaktivierende Bremsenansteuerung ausgebildet ist.

The gate control according to the invention for Controlling an electric motor driven door, wherein the motor is braked to drive the door by means of a brake having an integrated frequency converter or is powered by a switching power supply, comprising a microprocessor unit for processing incoming commands and signals for the purpose of controlling a gate, Monitoring and testing of safety-relevant components and to control the integrated frequency converter has, and has a brake control, characterized by,

• - That a voltage regulation circuit is fed by a DC voltage, which is provided by a DC link of the integrated in the gate control frequency converter or a switching power supply, and
• - That a voltage control circuit reduces the DC supply voltage to a low voltage, and
• - That this extra voltage is supplied to a brake control, which is designed as an electronic switch, and the brake control is designed as a brake by supplying or interrupting the low voltage activating or deactivating brake control.

Thereby, that a DC voltage from the DC bus in the gate control integrated frequency converter or a switching power supply derived is, is a separate rectifier circuit with the associated Devices for smoothing and filtering the voltage for the control of the brake superfluous.

By the use of a non-hazardous extra-low voltage, the according to relevant standards, a voltage of up to 50 volts is, apply to all terminals and switching elements as well for track distances and insulations on the Gate control no increased safety requirements the electrical safety and they can with cheap Components are running.

The Voltage regulating circuit can, for example, with a linear regulator be executed. Advantageously, however, is the use a switching regulator proposed to reduce the power loss of the regulator to keep low.

One Another advantage of the invention is the control of the brake with a DC voltage that is independent of the local AC mains voltage is what makes a worldwide use of one the gate control allows adapted brake.

The Using an electronic switch such as a Transistors, has the advantage that very short switching times of, for example 0.1 milliseconds to 5 milliseconds can be realized which causes the gate to be braked faster can, especially for fast-moving industrial doors, for example, at a speed of one meter Close per second, a significant safety gain represents.

In an advantageous embodiment is the DC voltage for controlling the brake 24 volts. This tension has the advantage that many commercially available for this low voltage Brakes are available.

In A further advantageous embodiment is the brake control short circuit proof or overload protected. This can be realized, for example, in that the internal resistance the voltage source is chosen so high that the electronic Switch by a resulting maximum short-circuit current not destroyed. But it can also be intelligent electronic switches are used, starting from a defined Independently open the current or the by an external measuring device when exceeding a maximum current can be opened.

These Embodiment has the advantage that short circuits, overloads or wiring failure does not cause damage or Destruction of the brake control lead.

In a further advantageous embodiment is between the brake control and the brake arranged a device over a microprocessor unit interrogate a current flow to the brake can or a voltage level at the output of the brake control can measure. For this purpose, for example, a measuring resistor or a voltage divider circuit is integrated into the gate control, whose output levels are queried by means of analog / digital converters can.

These Embodiment has the advantage that the gate control can test whether the brake is driven according to the target specifications will issue an error message when an error is detected and put the system in a safe state, for example previously defined by parameter.

Further Features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the associated Drawings in which several embodiments of the Gate control according to the invention only by way of example are shown, and show:

1 a schematic representation of a gate with Torsteuerungssystem;

2 a block diagram of a door control with a device for controlling the brake (brake control);

3 a block diagram of a door control with a brake control and a current measuring device;

4 a block diagram of a gate control with a brake control and a voltage measuring device;

5 a block diagram of a door control with switching power supply and a brake control.

1 shows a goal 1 , which is designed as a sectional door. The gate 1 is in side guide rails 3 guided and can by an electric gate drive, consisting of a motor 8th and a gearbox 4 to be moved up and down. To the engine 8th , the connection via a Leitungsver 6 from a gate control 7 can be supplied with a single-phase or three-phase AC voltage is a brake 2 coupled, via a line connection 5 from the gate control 7 can be supplied with a DC voltage. As long as the brake 2 is supplied with a sufficient DC voltage is the brake 2 open and the engine 8th can turn freely. The gate control 7 has an input device 9 on, about the commands to open, close and stop the gate 1 to the gate control 7 can be given. A security sensor 10 at the bottom of the gate 1 who with the gate control 7 is used to detect an obstacle in the path of movement of the gate.

2 shows function blocks of a door control 7 , which are used to control the electric motor 8th to drive the gate 1 (in 2 not shown) is used. The gate control 7 has a built-in frequency converter 21 on, which consists of the following function blocks: Rectifier 12 , DC link 13 and power stage circuit 14 , The feeding AC voltage is via a mains supply 11 into the frequency converter 21 fed. The DC voltage in the DC link 13 In this case, depending on the frequency of the AC power supply alternating voltage typically values between 300 volts to 800 volts.

A control of the power stage circuit 14 via a drive circuit 15 which has the main task of a microprocessor unit 16 generated dynamic electrical signals to implement so that power amplifiers transistors of the power amplifier circuit 14 be driven with the correct electrical levels.

Central element of the door control 7 is the microprocessor unit 16 , It has the functions, the signals of an input unit 19 receive and process and signals to an output unit 20 output and the drive circuit 15 to control such with dynamic signals that the frequency converter 21 the door drive 8th for the desired speed and direction of rotation supplied with a variable in frequency three-phase AC voltage.

To the input unit 19 For example, security sensors (not shown) for checking whether an obstacle is located near the gate or buttons (not shown) for manual command input for opening, closing or stopping the gate may be connected. However, for example, the signals from radio remote controls, loop detectors, motion detectors or other devices (not shown) may be connected via the gate control 7 a command can be given.

The output unit 20 For example, it is used to control a signal lamp when the gate 1 moves, or to activate a signal lamp, if a malfunction of the gate control 7 present, or to control other external units.

Further, the microprocessor unit controls 16 a brake control 17 , which is designed as an electronic switch, and that of a voltage regulation circuit 23 provided DC voltage, which is a low voltage, to the brake 2 can turn on, or can block this DC voltage as soon as they are accordingly from the microprocessor unit 16 is controlled. The voltage regulation circuit 23 gets out of the DC link 13 supplied with a high DC voltage and has the task of generating a low voltage for controlling the brake from this high DC voltage.

The invention-relevant main features of the gate control 7 make the voltage regulation circuit 23 and the brake control 17 , Which is designed as an electronic switch, because by this construction a reliable and fast switching of the brake 2 is made possible and no additional rectifier for controlling the brake is necessary and the use of a low voltage requires no elaborate execution in compliance with safety regulations for low voltages.

in the The same components are identified by the same reference numerals below and will not be described in more detail.

3 shows a further embodiment of the gate control according to the invention 7 , In this embodiment, a current measuring device 18 between the brake control 17 and the brake 2 arranged. The microprocessor unit 16 has the possibility, the current measuring device 18 interrogate and can thus determine if a current to the brake 2 flows and how high this current is and can thus determine whether the brake control 17 works correctly and whether the brake 2 picks up a current typical for the brake or whether, if necessary, too high or too low current flows, both indicative of a defective brake 2 could be.

4 shows a further embodiment of the gate control according to the invention 7 , In this embodiment, a tension measuring device 22 between the brake control 17 and the brake 2 arranged. The microprocessor unit 16 has the possibility of the voltage measuring device 22 to query whether a voltage at the output of the brake control 17 is applied and how high this voltage is, and can thus determine whether the brake control 17 works correctly and whether the brake 2 is supplied with a sufficiently high voltage or the power supply to the brake according to the control of the brake control 17 was interrupted. In this way, a simple check of the functionality of the brake control 17 respectively.

5 shows an embodiment of a gate control without integrated frequency converter. In the embodiment illustrated here, the microprocessor unit controls 16 a motor contactor 25 on, which can be designed as a so-called reversing contactor to the engine 8th in the respective desired direction of rotation to control. A switching power supply 24 serves to supply the mains alternating voltage 11 into a DC voltage and the voltage regulation circuit 23 to supply for the generation of low voltage, with a brake control 17 can be fed. The switching power supply 24 also serves other components of the door control such as the microprocessor unit 16 , the input unit 19 or the output unit 20 to supply each with a specific DC voltage.

1

gate

2

brake

3

lateral guide rails

4

transmission

5

line connection

6

line connection

7

Gate control

8th

engine

9

input device

10

security sensor

11

power supply

12

rectifier

13

DC

14

amplifier circuit

15

drive circuit

16

microprocessor unit

17

brake control

18

Current measuring device

19

input unit

20

output unit

21

frequency converter

22

Voltage measuring device

23

Voltage control circuit

24

Switching Power Supply

25

motor contactor

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 29513962 U1 [0012, 0012]
• - DE 10142431 B4 [0012]

Claims (5)

A door controller for controlling an electric motor driven door, wherein the motor is braked to drive the door by means of a brake having an integrated frequency converter or powered by a switching power supply comprising a microprocessor unit for processing incoming commands and signals for the purpose of controlling a door , for monitoring and testing of safety-relevant components and for driving the integrated frequency converter, and having a brake control, characterized in that - a voltage regulation circuit ( 23 ) is supplied by a DC voltage which is supplied by a DC link ( 13 ) of the door control ( 7 ) integrated frequency converter ( 21 ) or a switched-mode power supply ( 24 ), and - that a voltage regulation circuit ( 23 ) reduces the DC supply voltage to a low voltage, and - that this low voltage of a brake control ( 17 ), which is designed as an electronic switch, and the brake control ( 17 ) as one the brake ( 2 ) by supplying or interrupting the low voltage activating or deactivating brake control ( 17 ) is trained. Gate control according to claim 1, characterized in that that the low voltage has a value of 24 volts. Gate control according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the brake control ( 17 ) is short-circuit proof and / or overload safe. Gate control according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a current flow between the brake control ( 17 ) and the brake ( 2 ) by means of a current measuring device ( 18 ) by the microprocessor unit ( 16 ) is measurable. Gate control according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a voltage at the output of the brake control ( 23 ) by means of a voltage measuring device ( 22 ) by the microprocessor unit ( 16 ) is measurable.