DE102009001114A1 - Gentle discoloration of paint dirt on hard and / or soft surfaces - Google Patents

Abstract

It describes how it succeeds by the use of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between 380-800 nm, the problem of colored dirt on hard and / or soft surfaces such. As textiles, which can be extremely adherent and thus difficult to remove and which at the same time can lead to clearly visible, disturbing spots in a very small amount, to be in a way to master, in which the self-coloring of the surface to be cleaned is maintained.

Description

The The present invention relates to a method of decolorizing Colored stains on hard and / or soft surfaces (In particular textile and / or tableware), in which the to be decolored Pollution with electromagnetic radiation at wavelengths between 380-800 nm is irradiated. It also concerns the use of radiation sources, which are electromagnetic Radiation with wavelengths between 380-800 nm emit, in particular LED, in washing, rinsing or Cleaning machines and in machine dryers to aid in the removal of colored stains from the hard and / or soft surfaces to be cleaned. Furthermore, it relates to a for use for decolorizing Colored stains on hard and / or soft surfaces suitable kit, which is a radiation source, a (pre-) treatment agent and optionally include instructions for use. After all it concerns a washing, cleaning or dishwasher as well as a machine dryer, which respectively contain one or more radiation sources, which for delivery electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between 380-800 nm, preferably 440 to 480 nm are.

One important goal when washing and cleaning hard and soft Surface is next to making a hygienic perfect condition in the removal of colored dirt or stains, as these, even if they are hygienic aspects are rather harmless, at least the aesthetic feeling of the consumer.

Especially problematic is z. B. the removal of colored dirt of textiles, because these can cause great annoyance of the consumer extremely firm on the textile fiber adhere and already in small quantities to clearly visible spots to lead.

The Object of the present invention was against this background the Providing a way to decolorize Colored stains on hard and / or soft surfaces.

Of the The invention relates to a process for decolorizing Colored stains on hard and / or soft surfaces (In particular textile and / or tableware and / or cellulose) in which the to be decoloured soiling with electromagnetic radiation irradiated with wavelengths between 380-800 nm becomes.

One Advantage of this method is, inter alia, that there is a very mild and gentle way to decolorize provides colored stains. The self-coloring of the too cleaning substance (or the hard and / or soft surfaces) is retained, so that the present invention in particular is very beneficial with regard to colored textiles. A good Material protection of the substance to be cleaned (or the hard and / or soft surfaces) is guaranteed. On the Use of conventional bleaching agents, such as. For example, sodium perborate, Sodium percarbonate, hydrogen peroxide or sodium hypochlorite can be waived or their amount used can at least be reduced become. The application of high temperatures in washing processes is not necessary to obtain the desired cleaning performance.

Of the Term "colored soiling" means such Soiling, which z. B. of natural dyes, which z. B. in coffee, tea, chocolate and cocoa, fruit, red wine, grass, juices, such as B. elderberry juice or tomato juice, curry, mustard are included, or z. B also of technical dyes, eg. B. from cosmetics, color pencils and inks, and on hard or soft surfaces form visible spots. Known natural dyes are z. B. curcumin (eg in curry and mustard), lycopene (eg in tomatoes), carotenes (eg in carrots), betanidine (eg in beetroot) or else Quercetin (eg in many types of fruit, especially berries). typical Colored stains are z. B. yellow mustard spots, green Grass stains or red wine stains.

Of the Term "decolorization of colored stains" means any color change of stain or stain to brighter colors, so includes the partial decolorization the colored stain. More specifically, he means the reduction the color intensity of the stain or stain, so that the stain or soiling for the human eye becomes less visible. In particular, this term includes in the optimal case, of course, the complete Removal of the color of a stain.

The term "hard and / or soft surfaces" includes in particular all textiles and / or tableware. With textiles are meant mainly sheet-like structures such as felts, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, nonwovens, but especially the products of the clothing industry (such as underwear, shirts, etc.), besides home textiles such. As carpets, blankets, curtains and curtains and so-called Technical Textiles. With crockery especially dinner and cooking utensils (ie plates, cups, pots, pans, etc.), glasses, cutlery and the like more meant. If the electromagnetic radiation used according to the invention has wavelengths between 400-700 nm, preferably 400 to 480 nm, in particular 440 to 480 nm, then a preferred embodiment of the invention is present. In particular, the wavelengths of the radiation lie exclusively in the stated range.

When Radiation source can be particularly light-emitting Diodes (LED), called light-emitting diodes, are used. This corresponds to a preferred embodiment of the invention. Other radiation sources can be used in principle.

Of the Structure and the operating principle of preferably usable light-emitting diodes are known and widely described in the literature, so here be waived further explanations can.

The Light emission from light-emitting diodes is based on the recombination of Electron-hole pairs (excitons) in the transition region of a Forward-biased pn junction (semiconductor). The size of the band gap and thus the Color of the radiation can be over the chemical composition of the semiconductor. For example, the semiconductor has GaAs a direct band gap of 1.4 eV, corresponding to one wavelength of 885 nm.

By the targeted selection of the semiconductor materials of an LED and the Consequently, doping can produce the properties of the generated Light can be varied, so that in particular the spectral range (that is, the color corresponding to the visible range) and the efficiency can be influenced. Below are some examples. Aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs) and gallium aluminum arsenide (GaAlAs) can emit red light. Gallium arsenide phosphide (GaAsP) and aluminum indium gallium phosphide (AlInGaP) may be red, orange and emit yellow light. Gallium phosphide (GaP) can be green Emit light. Silicon carbide (SiC) and zinc selenide (ZnSe) can emit blue light. Indium gallium nitride (InGaN) / gallium nitride (GaN) can emit blue and green light.

at sufficiently strong charge carrier inversion can Occupancy inversion and stimulated emission can be achieved. Out a light emitting diode then becomes a laser diode (diode laser, semiconductor laser). These are also possible radiation sources in the sense of invention

A preferred embodiment of the invention is when the spectral half-width of the spectral curves (half-width the spectral light output of the emitted radiation) in the range from 4 to 100 nm, preferably 5-40 nm, especially 10-20 nm is located.

The Duration of irradiation should be at least 30 seconds, with longer irradiation times for improved stain removal lead in the context of the invention.

It therefore corresponds to a preferred embodiment of Invention, when the duration of the irradiation is 30 seconds to 5 hours, preferably 1 minute to 2 hours, especially 5 minutes to 1 hour.

Of the Distance between the radiation source and the irradiated object should preferably be <1 Meters, advantageously <50 cm, further advantageous <30 cm, even more advantageous <20 cm, for example, <10 cm or even <5 cm.

The irradiance is advantageously in the range of 10 mW / cm ² to 200 W / cm ² , preferably in the range of 1 to 10 W / cm ² . This corresponds to a preferred embodiment of the invention.

is the pulse duration of the radiation 5 ns to continuous wave, preferably 100 ns to CW so is another preferred embodiment of the invention.

According to one Another preferred embodiment of the invention be provided that the regulation of the brightness of the LED through Pulse width modulation (PWM), preferably in the ratio 1: 100-100: 1, especially 1:10 to 10: 1.

The process according to the invention is generally suitable for decolorization of colored stains on hard and / or soft surfaces and in particular it is suitable for decolorization of colored soils, which are yellow to orange dyes, preferably curcuma dyes, e.g. B. curry and Mustard, in particular curcumin include, in particular using blue light emitting radiation sources, in particular corresponding LED.

The inventive method is also suitable for decolorization of colored stains, which carotenoids, especially carotenes and / or xanthophylls.

Especially Good results have been achieved in the decolorization of colored stains obtained from contamination with egg yolk or egg yolk, preferably comprising dyes such as carotenoids, zeaxanthin, lutein, Xanthophylls, canthaxanthin, astaxanthin, apocarotenoids, cryptoxanthines and / or, β-carotene, especially in terms of removal Such soiling of textile and / or tableware.

The inventive method is also suitable for decolorization of colored stains, which anthocyanins and / or anthocyanidins. The anthocyanins are glycosides, whose actual chromophores are their aglycones, the anthocyanidins are.

The inventive method is also suitable for decolorization of colored stains, which chlorophylls include.

The inventive method is quite general For discoloring of colored stains, which color impressions from the range purple, green, greenish-yellow, red, orange, yellow, brown, yellow-green, green, blue-green (cyan), blue and / or purple.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention is that inventive method for decolorizing colored stains provided which yellow to orange dyes include, as preferred curcuma dyes, e.g. B. curry and Mustard, in particular comprising curcumin, and / or which dyes include, which may occur in the egg yolk or egg yolk, preferably comprising dyes such as carotenoids, zeaxanthin, lutein, Xanthophylls, canthaxanthin, astaxanthin, apocarotenoids, cryptoxanthins and / or beta-carotene.

The The present invention also includes the possibility that inventive method for decolorizing colored stains on hard and / or soft surfaces, in which the soiling to be decolorized with electromagnetic Radiation with wavelengths between 380-800 nm is irradiated to be carried out so that the respective to be decolored colored soiling irradiated with light of the complementary color is, d. H. z. For example, a blue spot with orange light (Wavelength 590 nm), a violet appearing spot irradiated with yellow-green light (wavelength 530 nm) In particular, it is preferable to yellow to dark orange appearing spots with blue light (wavelength preferably 400 nm to preferably 490 nm).

A Decolouring performance occurs in both dry and wet State of the object to be cleaned. However, more preferable is that the colored stain in wet (or damp) state is irradiated. This corresponds to a preferred embodiment the invention.

The Irradiation can in principle with a corresponding radiation source be performed in any place. It is, however, special preferred if the irradiation is carried out in a washing, rinsing or cleaning machine or in a machine tumble dryer is performed, preferably before and / or during and / or after a mechanical washing, rinsing or cleaning process or during a drying process.

The Ambient temperature in the irradiation may preferably be at room temperature lie, which depending on the climatic conditions in general in the range of about 18 ° C to 35 ° C. The ambient temperature in the irradiation can also be increased, for. B. at 40 ° or at 60 ° C or in this area, in particular, if the irradiation in a washing, rinsing or cleaning machine or in a machine tumble dryer is, preferably before and / or during and / or after one mechanical washing, rinsing or cleaning process or during a drying process.

suitable Washing, rinsing or cleaning machines are z. B. usual automatic washing machines for textile washing and Z. B. conventional dishwasher.

Likewise, it corresponds to a preferred embodiment of the invention, when the irradiation in a machine dryer, which in particular after drying the textile laundry under Supply of warm air by machine in a short time to dry, takes place. For this purpose, suitable devices are z. As the so-called exhaust air dryer, condensation dryer, dryer with heat pump and the washer-dryer, which represent a combination of the dryer with a washing machine in a device.

One Another object of the present invention is the use of radiation sources, which electromagnetic radiation with Wavelengths between 380-800 nm, preferably Emit 400-700 nm, in particular 440-480 nm, such as in particular LED, in washing, rinsing or -reinigungsmaschinen or Tumble dryers to assist the removal Colored soiling of the hard and / or soft to be cleaned Surfaces.

The Radiation sources can be part of the machines, they can also be added separately to the machines.

"Support the removal of colored stains "here means the Contribution which staining by "discoloration" Substances of soiling is done so that at least one Color change of stain or stain after lighter colors. More specifically will reduce the color intensity of the stain or the spot allows, so that the spot or the Soiling less obvious to the human eye becomes visible. In particular, this term includes optimal Case, of course, the complete removal the coloring of a stain up to complete removal the relevant soiling.

The allows use according to the invention increase of water solubility of colored Stains and thus becomes the removability of the stain facilitated. So if the use of the invention to aid in the removal of colored stains from the hard or soft surfaces to be cleaned goes along with the increase in water solubility the colored stains or the removal of colored stains by increasing the water solubility of the colored ones Soiling is promoted, so is a preferred Embodiment of the invention before.

The allows use according to the invention the reduction of the dirt adhesion of the colored stain on the surface to be cleaned. An inventive Use to aid in the removal of colored stains from the hard or soft surfaces to be cleaned by lowering the dirt adhesion of the colored stain on the surface to be cleaned therefore corresponds to a preferred Embodiment of the invention.

One Another object of the present invention is a washing, Cleaning or dishwasher, which one or more Contains radiation sources, which for the delivery of electromagnetic Radiation with wavelengths between 380-800 nm, preferably 400-700 nm, especially 440-480 nm is capable. Another object of the invention is therefore a washing, cleaning or rinsing under Use of a just mentioned a washing, cleaning or dishwasher, which therefore contains one or more radiation sources, which for emitting electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between 380-800 nm, preferably 400-700 nm, especially capable of 440 to 480 nm. In terms of preferred embodiments of this article is also to the preceding and to the following description directed.

The Radiation sources which can be used in this case are preferably intended for dispensing electromagnetic radiation of such wavelengths be capable of removing in the absorption area Soiling is.

Yet Another object of the present invention is a machine Tumble dryers, in particular exhaust air dryers, condensation dryers, Dryer with heat pump and washer dryer (ie Combination of the dryer with a washing machine in one device), which contains one or more radiation sources, which for the emission of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between 380-800 nm, preferably 400 to 700 nm, in particular 440 to 480 nm is capable. Another object of the invention is also a drying process using a just mentioned automatic clothes dryer, which therefore one or more Contains radiation sources, which for the emission of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between 380-800 nm, preferably 440 to 480 nm is capable. With regard to more preferred Embodiments of this subject is also to the previous and to the following description.

• (a) eine Strahlungsquelle, vorzugsweise umfassend Leuchtdioden (LED) und
• (b) ein (Vor-)Behandlungsmittel, vorzugsweise in flüssiger Form, und optional (c) eine Gebrauchsanweisung für den Verbraucher über den rechten Umgang mit dem Kit und dessen Anwendungsmöglichkeiten.

Another object of the invention is a kit suitable for use for decolorizing colored An dirt on hard and / or soft surfaces, comprising

• (A) a radiation source, preferably comprising light emitting diodes (LED) and
• (B) a (pre-) treatment agent, preferably in liquid form, and optionally (c) a user manual for the consumer about the right handling of the kit and its applications.

suitable Radiation sources in the sense of this kit and the invention are so Light-emitting diodes, in particular those as before, preferably in the preferred embodiments of the invention, already described.

One suitable (pre-) treatment agent in the context of this invention z. B. be any textile treatment agent, such as. B. a laundry detergent or z. For example, any hard surface treating agent, z. As dishwashing or general detergent be. The treating agent may also be a pre-treatment or an after-treatment be. In its simplest embodiment, it may be in the (pre) treatment agent also act on demineralized water.

The (Pre) treatment agent can in particular as a homogeneous solution or as a suspension, but as well as a powder Solid, e.g. B. also in nachverdichteter particle form.

The Instructions for use, which may optionally be included in the kit, teaches the consumer the right way to handle the kit and its Applications. This is therefore advantageous Because such kits have not yet been available on the market Therefore, consumers are still lacking in experience the application of the kit, in particular the radiation source has.

To enhance the decolorization performance achievable according to the invention, it is possible to use photocatalytically active materials in the (pre) treatment agent, such as, for example, B. (possibly modified or doped) TiO ₂ , CeO ₂ , ZnO or other photocatalytically active semiconductor materials.

It is particularly advantageous to use finely divided materials, for. Example, with an average size of the primary particles (measured by transmission electron microscopy) in the range of 5 to 2000 nm, preferably in the range of 10 to 200 nm, in particular 15 to 100 nm, z. B. correspondingly finely divided (modified) titanium dioxide. Can be used z. As a finely divided, carbon-containing photocatalyst based on titanium dioxide. Applicable semiconductor materials are z. In US 2005/0226761 A1 and in US 2005/0227854 A1 described. The size of the bandgap usable photocatalytically active materials should preferably be in the range of 1.2 to 3.3 eV, in particular 2.535 to 2.95 eV. In particular, it is advantageous if the band gap of the optionally usable semiconductor material is tuned to the wavelength of the radiation of the radiation source, preferably LED.

One suitable (pre-) treatment agent can thus z. B. an aqueous Composition, which photocatalytically active materials, as previously described, e.g. B. contains in dispersed form, where z. As well as other ingredients such. B. thickeners, organic solvents and surfactants and possibly others optional ingredients may be included.

The inventive (pre-) treatment agent can z. As well as biocidal compounds, fragrances, surfactants and others Contain ingredients, especially those which are the application and / or aesthetic Further improve the properties of the (pre-) treatment agent.

in the Within the scope of the present invention, preferred (pre-) treatment agents accordingly z. B. one or more substances from the group of plasticizing Components, thickeners, builders, Electrolytes, non-aqueous (preferably water-miscible) organic solvents, pH adjusters, fluorescers, Dyes, hydrotopes, foam inhibitors, silicone oils, anti redeposition agents, optical brighteners, grayness inhibitors, sequestering agents, Run-in inhibitors, enzymes, anti-crease agents, color transfer inhibitors, Antioxidants, preservatives, corrosion inhibitors, antistatic agents, Grid means (in particular based on organic and / or inorganic peroxygen compounds), bleach activators, ironing aids, Bleaching agents, repellents and impregnating agents, swelling and Anti-slip agents, skin care compounds and UV absorbers contain.

The (Pre) treatment agent according to the invention can in particular one or more surfactants, preferably being used anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants and mixtures thereof, but also cationic, zwitterionic and amphoteric surfactants in question come.

suitable optional nonionic surfactants are especially alkyl glycosides and ethoxylation and / or propoxylation products of alkyl glycosides or linear or branched alcohols each having 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl part and 3 to 20, preferably 4 to 10 alkyl ether groups. Furthermore, corresponding ethoxylation and / or propoxylation products of N-alkylamines, vicinal diols, fatty acid esters and Fatty acid amides which, with regard to the alkyl moiety, are those mentioned long-chain alcohol derivatives, as well as alkylphenols with 5 to 12 C-atoms in the alkyl radical useful.

The optional nonionic surfactants used are preferably alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, in particular primary, alcohols having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms and on average 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol in which the alcohol radical is linear or preferably methyl-branched in the 2-position may contain linear or methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as they are usually present in Oxoalkoholresten. In particular, however, alcohol ethoxylates with linear radicals of alcohols of native origin having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for. From coconut, palm, tallow or oleyl alcohol, and on average from 2 to 8 EO per mole of alcohol. The preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ -alcohols with 3 EO or 4 EO, C ₉ -C ₁₁ -alcohols with 7 EO, C ₁₃ -C ₁₅ -alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8 EO, C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ -alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures of these, such as mixtures of C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ -alcohol with 3 EO and C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ -alcohol with 7 EO. The degrees of ethoxylation given represent statistical means which, for a particular product, may be an integer or a fractional number. Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow range ethoxylates, NRE). In addition to these nonionic surfactants, fatty alcohols with more than 12 EO can also be used. Examples include (tallow) fatty alcohols with 14 EO, 16 EO, 20 EO, 25 EO, 30 EO or 40 EO. In particular, agents for use in mechanical processes usually extremely low-foam compounds are used. These include preferably C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ -alkylpolyethylenglykol-polypropylene glycol ethers with in each case at to 8 mol ethylene oxide and propylene oxide units in the molecule. But you can also use other known low-foam nonionic surfactants, such as C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ -Alkylpolyethylenglykolpolybutylenglykolether each with up to 8 moles of ethylene oxide and butylene oxide in the molecule and endgruppenverschlossene Alkylpolyalkylenglykolmischether. Also particularly preferred are the hydroxyl-containing alkoxylated alcohols, as described in the European patent application EP 0 300 305 are described, so-called Hydroxymischether. The optionally usable nonionic surfactants also include alkyl glycosides of the general formula RO (G) _x , in which R is a primary straight-chain or methyl-branched, in particular 2-methyl-branched aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms and G represents a glycose unit having 5 or 6 C atoms, preferably glucose. The degree of oligomerization x, which indicates the distribution of monoglycosides and oligoglycosides, is an arbitrary number - which, as a variable to be determined analytically, may also assume fractional values - between 1 and 10; preferably x is 1.2 to 1.4. Also suitable are polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula (III) in which R ¹ CO is an aliphatic acyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R ^{2 is} hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and [Z] is a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl radical having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups:

in der R³ für einen linearen oder verzweigten Alkyl- oder Alkenylrest mit 7 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen, R⁴ für einen linearen, verzweigten oder cyclischen Alkylenrest oder einen Arylenrest mit 2 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen und R⁵ für einen linearen, verzweigten oder cyclischen Alkylrest oder einen Arylrest oder einen Oxy-Alkylrest mit 1 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen steht, wobei C₁-C₄-Alkyl- oder Phenylreste bevorzugt sind, und [Z] für einen linearen Polyhydroxyalkylrest, dessen Alkylkette mit mindestens zwei Hydroxylgruppen substituiert ist, oder alkoxylierte, vorzugsweise ethoxylierte oder propoxylierte Derivate dieses Restes steht. [Z] wird auch hier vorzugsweise durch reduktive Aminierung eines Zuckers wie Glucose, Fructose, Maltose, Lactose, Galactose, Mannose oder Xylose erhalten. Die N-Alkoxy- oder N-Aryloxy-substituierten Verbindungen können dann beispielsweise durch Umsetzung mit Fettsäuremethylestern in Gegenwart eines Alkoxids als Katalysator in die gewünschten Polyhydroxyfettsäureamide überführt werden. Eine weitere Klasse bevorzugt einsetzbarer nichtionischer Tenside, die entweder als alleiniges nichtionisches Tensid oder in Kombination mit anderen nichtionischen Tensiden, insbesondere zusammen mit alkoxylierten Fettalkoholen und/oder Alkylglykosiden, eingesetzt werden, sind alkoxylierte, vorzugsweise ethoxylierte oder ethoxylierte und propoxylierte Fettsäurealkylester, vorzugsweise mit 1 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatomen in der Alkylkette, insbesondere Fettsäuremethylester. Auch nichtionische Tenside vom Typ der Aminoxide, beispielsweise N-Kokosalkyl-N, N-dimethylaminoxid und N-Talgalkyl-N,N-dihydroxyethylaminoxid, und der Fettsäurealkanolamide können geeignet sein. Die Menge dieser nichtionischen Tenside beträgt vorzugs weise nicht mehr als die der ethoxylierten Fettalkohole, insbesondere nicht mehr als die Hälfte davon. Als weitere Tenside kommen sogenannte Gemini-Tenside in Betracht. Hierunter werden im Allgemeinen solche Verbindungen verstanden, die zwei hydrophile Gruppen pro Molekül besitzen. Diese Gruppen sind in der Regel durch einen sogenannten ”Spacer” voneinander getrennt. Dieser Spacer ist in der Regel eine Kohlenstoffkette, die lang genug sein sollte, dass die hydrophilen Gruppen einen ausreichenden Abstand haben, damit sie unabhängig voneinander agieren können. Derartige Tenside zeichnen sich im Allgemeinen durch eine ungewöhnlich geringe kritische Micellkonzentration und die Fähigkeit, die Oberflächenspannung des Wassers stark zu reduzieren, aus. In Ausnahmefällen werden unter dem Ausdruck Gemini-Tenside nicht nur derartig ”dimere”, sondern auch entsprechend ”trimere” Tenside verstanden. Geeignete Gemini-Tenside sind beispielsweise sulfatierte Hydroxymischether oder Dimeralkohol-bis- und Trimeralkohol-tris-sulfate und -ethersulfate. Endgruppenverschlossene dimere und trimere Mischether zeichnen sich insbesondere durch ihre Bi- und Multifunktionalität aus. So besitzen die genannten endgruppenverschlossenen Tenside gute Netzeigenschaften und sind dabei schaumarm, so dass sie sich insbesondere für den Einsatz in maschinellen Wasch- oder Reinigungsverfahren eignen. Eingesetzt werden können aber auch Gemini-Polyhydroxyfettsäureamide oder Poly-Polyhydroxyfettsäureamide. Geeignet sind auch die Schwefelsäuremonoester der mit 1 bis 6 Mol Ethylenoxid ethoxylierten geradkettigen oder verzweigten C₇-C₂₁-Alkohole, wie 2-Methylverzweigte C₉-C₁₁-Alkohole mit im Durchschnitt 3,5 Mol Ethylenoxid (EO) oder C₁₂-C₁₈-Fettalkohole mit 1 bis 4 EO.The polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are preferably derived from reducing sugars having 5 or 6 carbon atoms, in particular from glucose. The group of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides also includes compounds of the formula (IV)

in the R ^{3 is} a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, R ^{4 is} a linear, branched or cyclic alkylene radical or an arylene radical having 2 to 8 carbon atoms and R ^{5 is} a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or a Aryl radical or an oxy-alkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, wherein C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl or phenyl radicals are preferred, and [Z] is a linear polyhydroxyalkyl radical whose alkyl chain is substituted with at least two hydroxyl groups, or alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated derivatives of this group. [Z] is also obtained here preferably by reductive amination of a sugar such as glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose. The N-alkoxy- or N-aryloxy-substituted compounds can then be converted into the desired poly, for example, by reaction with fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of an alkoxide as catalyst hydroxy fatty acid amides are transferred. Another class of preferably usable nonionic surfactants, which are used either as the sole nonionic surfactant or in combination with other nonionic surfactants, in particular together with alkoxylated fatty alcohols and / or alkyl glycosides, are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably with 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, especially fatty acid methyl ester. Nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide type, for example N-cocoalkyl-N, N-dimethylamine oxide and N-tallowalkyl-N, N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide, and the fatty acid alkanolamides may also be suitable. The amount of these nonionic surfactants is preferably no more than that of the ethoxylated fatty alcohols, especially not more than half thereof. Other suitable surfactants are so-called gemini surfactants. These are generally understood as meaning those compounds which have two hydrophilic groups per molecule. These groups are usually separated by a so-called "spacer". This spacer is typically a carbon chain that should be long enough for the hydrophilic groups to be spaced sufficiently apart for them to act independently of each other. Such surfactants are generally characterized by an unusually low critical micelle concentration and the ability to greatly reduce the surface tension of the water. In exceptional cases, the term gemini surfactants not only such "dimer", but also corresponding to "trimeric" surfactants understood. Suitable gemini surfactants are, for example, sulfated hydroxy mixed ethers or dimer alcohol bis and trimer alcohol tris sulfates and ether sulfates. End-capped dimeric and trimeric mixed ethers are characterized in particular by their bi- and multi-functionality. Thus, the end-capped surfactants mentioned have good wetting properties and are low foaming, so that they are particularly suitable for use in machine washing or cleaning processes. However, it is also possible to use gemini-polyhydroxy fatty acid amides or poly-polyhydroxy fatty acid amides. Also suitable are the sulfuric acid monoesters of straight-chain or branched C ₇ -C ₂₁ -alcohols ethoxylated with from 1 to 6 mol of ethylene oxide, such as 2-methyl-branched C ₉ -C ₁₁ -alcohols having on average 3.5 mol of ethylene oxide (EO) or C ₁₂ - C ₁₈ -fatty alcohols with 1 to 4 EO.

Examples of preferred anionic surfactants are soaps, alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkanesulfonates, methyl ester sulfonates and α-olefinsulfonates, alkyl sulfates, e.g. As fatty alcohol sulfates, sulfosuccinates and alkyl ether sulfates. Preferred anionic surfactants include the salts of alkylsulfosuccinic acid, also referred to as sulfosuccinates or sulfosuccinic acid esters, which are monoesters and / or diesters of sulfosuccinic acid with alcohols, preferably fatty alcohols and especially ethoxylated fatty alcohols. Preferred sulfosuccinates contain C ₈ - C ₁₈ fatty alcohol radicals or mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred sulfosuccinates contain a fatty alcohol residue derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols, which by themselves are nonionic surfactants. Sulfosuccinates, whose fatty alcohol residues are derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols with a narrow homolog distribution, are again particularly preferred. Likewise, it is also possible to use alk (en) ylsuccinic acid having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alk (en) yl chain or salts thereof. Suitable further anionic surfactants are fatty acid derivatives of amino acids, for example N-methyltaurine (Tauride) and / or N-methylglycine (sarcosides). Particularly preferred are the sarcosides or the sarcosinates and here especially sarcosinates of higher and optionally monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids such as oleyl sarcosinate. As further anionic surfactants are particularly soaps into consideration. Particularly suitable are saturated fatty acid soaps, such as the salts of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hydrogenated erucic acid and behenic acid and, in particular, soap mixtures derived from natural fatty acids, for example coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids. Together with these soaps or as a substitute for soaps, it is also possible to use the known alkenylsuccinic acid salts. The anionic surfactants, including soaps, may be in the form of their sodium, potassium or ammonium salts and as soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine. The anionic surfactants are preferably present in the form of their sodium or potassium salts, in particular in the form of the sodium salts.

Examples usable cationic surfactants are quaternary ammonium compounds with one or two hydrophobic alkyl radicals and quaternary Phosphonium salts or tertiary sulfonium salts. quaternary Ammonium salts with a hydrophobic radical, eg. B. dodecyl benzyl ammonium chloride, have a biocidal effect, those with two hydrophobic groups, especially those which additionally have an ester linkage have (so-called esterquats) are as active ingredients with softener function particularly preferred.

surfactants can be used in (pre-) treatment agents according to the invention optionally in proportions of preferably> 0.1% by weight, advantageously 5% by weight to 50 wt .-%, in particular from 8 wt .-% to 30 wt .-%, contain be. Combinations of anionic and nonionic surfactants, So z. As the combination of linear alkylbenzenesulfonates and Fatty alcohol alkoxylates are particularly preferred. It can too (Pre) treatment agent according to the invention into consideration are drawn, which contain only small amounts of surfactants, eg. B. 0.05% by weight to <5 Wt .-%, or even surfactant-free.

A (pre-) treatment agent according to the invention may preferably contain at least one water-soluble and / or water-insoluble, organic and / or inorganic builder. The water-soluble organic builder substances include polycarboxylic acids, in particular citric acid and sugar acids, monomeric and polymeric aminopolycarboxylic acids, in particular methylglycinediacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and polyaspartic acid, polyphosphonic acids, in particular aminotris (methylenephosphonic acid), ethylenediaminetetrakis (methylenephosphonic acid) and 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, polymeric hydroxy compounds such as dextrin and also polymeric (poly) carboxylic acids, in particular the polycarboxylates obtainable by oxidation of polysaccharides or dextrins, polymeric acrylic acids, methacrylic acids, maleic acids and copolymers thereof, which may also contain polymerized small amounts of polymerizable substances without carboxylic acid functionality. The molecular weight of the homopolymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids is generally between 3,000 and 200,000, of the copolymers between 2,000 and 200,000, preferably 30,000 to 120,000, each based on the free acid. A particularly preferred acrylic acid-maleic acid copolymer has a molecular weight of from 30,000 to 100,000. Commercial products are, for example Sokalan ^® CP 5, CP 10 and PA 30 from BASF. Suitable, although less preferred, compounds of this class are copolymers of acrylic or methacrylic acid with vinyl ethers, such as vinylmethyl ethers, vinyl esters, ethylene, propylene and styrene, in which the acid content is at least 50% by weight. It is also possible to use terpolymers which contain two unsaturated acids and / or salts thereof as monomers and also vinyl alcohol and / or an esterified vinyl alcohol or a carbohydrate as the third monomer as water-soluble organic builder substances. The first acidic monomer or its salt is derived from a monoethylenically unsaturated C ₃ -C ₈ -carboxylic acid and preferably from a C ₃ -C ₄ -monocarboxylic acid, in particular from (meth) -acrylic acid. The second acidic monomer or its salt may be a derivative of a C ₄ -C ₈ -dicarboxylic acid, with maleic acid being particularly preferred, and / or a derivative of an allylsulfonic acid which is substituted in the 2-position by an alkyl or aryl radical. Such polymers generally have a molecular weight between 1,000 and 200,000. Further preferred copolymers are those which preferably have as monomers acrolein and acrylic acid / acrylic acid salts or vinyl acetate. The organic builder substances can be used, in particular for the preparation of liquid agents, in the form of aqueous solutions, preferably in the form of 30 to 50 percent by weight aqueous solutions. All of the acids mentioned are generally used in the form of their water-soluble salts, in particular their alkali metal salts.

such If desired, organic builders may be used in amounts up to 40 wt .-%, in particular up to 25 wt .-% and preferably from 1% by weight to 8% by weight. Quantities near the mentioned Upper limit are preferably in pasty or liquid, in particular hydrous, inventive Funds used.

When Water-soluble inorganic builder materials are especially Alkali silicates, alkali carbonates and alkali phosphates, in the form their alkaline, neutral or acidic sodium or potassium salts may be considered. Examples of this are trisodium phosphate, tetrasodium diphosphate, disodium dihydrogen diphosphate, Pentasodium triphosphate, so-called sodium hexametaphosphate, oligomeric Trisodium phosphate with degrees of oligomerization from 5 to 1000, in particular 5 to 50, and the corresponding potassium salts or mixtures from sodium and potassium salts.

As water-insoluble, water-dispersible inorganic builder materials, in particular crystalline or amorphous alkali metal aluminosilicates, in amounts of up to 50 wt .-%, preferably not more than 40 wt .-% and in liquid agents, in particular from 1 wt .-% to 5 wt .-%, be used. Among these, the crystalline sodium aluminosilicates in detergent quality, more particularly zeolite A, P and optionally X, alone or in mixtures, for example in the form of a co-crystals of zeolites A and X (VEGOBOND ^® AX, a commercial product of Condea August S. p. A.), preferred. Amounts near the above upper limit are preferably used in solid, particulate agents. In particular, suitable aluminosilicates have no particles with a particle size greater than 30 .mu.m and preferably consist of at least 80% by weight of particles having a size of less than 10 .mu.m.

Suitable substitutes or partial substitutes for the said aluminosilicate are crystalline alkali silicates which may be present alone or in a mixture with amorphous silicates. The alkali metal silicates useful as builders in the compositions according to the invention preferably have a molar ratio of alkali metal oxide to SiO ₂ below 0.95, in particular from 1: 1.1 to 1:12, and may be present in amorphous or crystalline form. Preferred alkali metal silicates are the sodium silicates, in particular the amorphous sodium silicates, with a molar ratio Na ₂ O: SiO ₂ of 1: 2 to 1: 2.8. Crystalline silicates which may be present alone or in a mixture with amorphous silicates are preferably crystalline phyllosilicates of the general formula Na ₂ Si _x O ₂ × _{+ 1} × y H ₂ O is used, in which x, the so-called modulus, is a number from 1.9 to 22, in particular 1.9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 33 and preferred values for x are 2, 3 or 4. Preferred crystalline phyllosilicates are those in which x in the abovementioned general formula assumes the values 2 or 3. In particular, both β- and δ-sodium disilicates (Na ₂ Si ₂ O ₅ .yH ₂ O) are preferred. Also prepared from amorphous alkali silicates, practically anhydrous crystalline alkali metal silicates of the abovementioned general formula in which x is a number from 1.9 to 2.1, can be used in inventive compositions. In a further preferred embodiment of the composition according to the invention, a crystalline sodium layer silicate with a modulus of 2 to 3 is used, as can be prepared from sand and soda. Crystalline sodium silicates with a modulus in the range from 1.9 to 3.5 are used in a further preferred embodiment of compositions according to the invention. Crystalline layer-form silicates of formula (I) given above are sold by Clariant GmbH under the trade name Na-SKS, eg. Na-SKS-1 (Na ₂ Si ₂₂ O ₄₅ .xH ₂ O, Kenyaite), Na-SKS-2 (Na ₂ Si ₁₄ O ₂₉ .xH ₂ O, magadiite), Na-SKS-3 (Na ₂ Si ₈ O ₁₇ .xH ₂ O) or Na-SKS-4 (Na ₂ Si ₄ O ₉ .xH ₂ O, Makatite). Of these, especially Na-SKS-5 (α-Na ₂ Si ₂ O ₅ ), Na-SKS-7 (β-Na ₂ Si ₂ O ₅ , natrosilite), Na-SKS-9 (NaHSi ₂ O ₅ 3H ₂ O), Na-SKS-10 (NaHSi ₂ O 5 .3H ₂ O, kanemite), Na-SKS-11 (t-Na ₂ Si ₂ O ₅ ) and Na-SKS-13 (NaHSi ₂ O ₅ ). , but especially Na-SKS-6 (δ-Na ₂ Si ₂ O ₅ ). In a preferred embodiment of inventive compositions is a granular compound of crystalline phyllosilicate and citrate, of crystalline layered silicate and aforementioned (co) polymeric polycarboxylic acid or of alkali silicate and alkali metal as it is available, for example under the name Nabion ^® 15 commercially ,

builders can in the inventive compositions preferably in amounts of up to 75% by weight, in particular 5% by weight to 50 be included.

When for use in the invention Means of suitable peroxygen compounds come in particular organic peracids or peracid salts organic Acids, such as phthalimidopercaproic acid, perbenzoic acid or salts of diperdodecanedioic acid, hydrogen peroxide and under the washing conditions hydrogen peroxide-releasing inorganic Salts, which include perborate, percarbonate, persilicate and / or persulfate like Caroat belong. If solid peroxygen compounds can be used, they can be in the form of powders or granules are used, which are also known in principle Wrapped up. If an inventive Agent contains peroxygen compounds, these are in Amounts of preferably up to 50% by weight, in particular from 5% to 30% by weight. The addition of small amounts known bleach stabilizers such as phosphonates, Bristles or metaborates and metasilicates and magnesium salts such as magnesium sulfate may be useful.

When Bleach activators may be compounds that are under perhydrolysis conditions aliphatic peroxycarboxylic acids with preferably 1 to 10 C-atoms, in particular 2 to 4 C-atoms, and / or optionally substituted Perbenzoic acid, are used. Are suitable Substances which contain O- and / or N-acyl groups of said C atomic number and / or optionally substituted benzoyl groups. Preferred are multiply acylated alkylenediamines, in particular tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), acylated triazine derivatives, in particular 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (DADHT), acylated glycolurils, especially tetraacetylglycoluril (TAGU), N-acylimides, especially N-nonanoylsuccinimide (NOSI), acylated Phenolsulfonates, especially n-nonanoyl or isononanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (n- or iso-NOBS), carboxylic anhydrides, in particular Phthalic anhydride, acylated polyhydric alcohols, in particular Triacetin, ethylene glycol diacetate, 2,5-diacetoxy-2,5-dihydrofuran and enol ester, as well as acetylated sorbitol and mannitol, respectively their described mixtures (SORMAN), acylated sugar derivatives, in particular pentaacetylglucose (PAG), pentaacetyl-fructose, tetraacetylxylose and octaacetyl lactose and acetylated, optionally N-alkylated Glucamine and gluconolactone, and / or N-acylated lactams, for example N-benzoyl. The hydrophilic substituted acylacetals and The acyl lactams are also preferably used. Also combinations Conventional bleach activators can be used. Such bleach activators can, especially in the presence above-mentioned hydrogen peroxide-supplying bleach, in the usual Amount range, preferably in amounts of 0.5 wt .-% to 10 wt .-%, in particular 1% to 8% by weight, based on the total agent, be missing when using percarboxylic acid as sole bleach, however, preferably completely.

additionally to the conventional bleach activators or in their place also sulfonimines and / or bleach-enhancing transition metal salts or transition metal complexes as so-called Be included bleach catalysts.

Enzymes which can be used in the compositions include those from the class of amylases, proteases, lipases, cutinases, pullulanases, hemicellulases, cellulases, oxidases, laccases and peroxidases and also ren mixtures in question. Particularly suitable are from fungi or bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus lentus, Streptomyces griseus, Humicola lanuginosa, Humicola insolens, Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes, Pseudomonas cepacia or Coprinus cinereus derived enzymatic agents. The enzymes may be adsorbed to carriers and / or embedded in encapsulants to protect against premature inactivation. They are preferably present in the compositions according to the invention in amounts of up to 5% by weight, in particular from 0.2% by weight to 4% by weight. If the agent of the invention contains protease, it preferably has a proteolytic activity in the range of about 100 PE / g to about 10,000 PE / g, in particular 300 PE / g to 8000 PE / g. If several enzymes are to be used in the agent according to the invention, this can be carried out by incorporation of the two or more separate or in a known manner separately prepared enzymes or by two or more enzymes formulated together in a granule.

To in the inventive compositions, in particular if they are in liquid or pasty form, include water-usable organic solvents Alcohols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, in particular methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and tert-butanol, diols having 2 to 4 C atoms, in particular ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, as well as mixtures thereof and those mentioned Classes of derivable ether. Such water-miscible Solvents are in the inventive Preferably in amounts not exceeding 30% by weight, in particular from 6% to 20% by weight.

to Setting a desired, through the mixture the remaining components are not self-generating pH the agents according to the invention can be and environmentally friendly acids, in particular citric acid, Acetic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, Lactic acid, glycolic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid and / or adipic acid, but also mineral acids, especially sulfuric acid, or bases, in particular ammonium or alkali hydroxides. Such pH regulators are in the inventive compositions in amounts of preferably not more than 20% by weight, in particular from 1.2% by weight to 17% by weight, contain.

graying have the task of removing the dirt from the textile fiber to keep suspended in the fleet. These are water-soluble Colloids mostly organic nature suitable, such as starch, Glue, gelatin, salts of ether carboxylic acids or ether sulfonic acids starch or cellulose or salts of acidic sulfuric acid esters cellulose or starch. Also water-soluble, Acidic group-containing polyamides are for this purpose suitable. Furthermore, other than the above-mentioned starch derivatives can be used use, for example, aldehyde levels. To be favoured Cellulose ethers, such as carboxymethyl cellulose (Na salt), methyl cellulose, Hydroxyalkylcellulose and mixed ethers, such as methylhydroxyethylcellulose, Methylhydroxypropylcellulose, methylcarboxymethylcellulose and their Mixtures, for example in amounts of 0.1 to 5 wt .-%, based on the means used.

invention Agents can as optical brighteners, for example, derivatives the Diaminostilbendisulfonsäure or their alkali metal salts although they are for use as a color detergent preferably free of optical brighteners. Suitable for For example, salts of 4,4'-bis (2-anilino-4-morpholino-1,3,5-triazinyl-o-amino) stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid or similar compounds, instead of the morpholino group a diethanolamino group, a methylamino group, an anilino group or carry a 2-methoxyethylamino group. Furthermore you can Brighteners of the type of substituted diphenylstyrene may be present for example, the alkali salts of 4,4'-bis (2-sulfostyryl) -diphenyl, 4,4'-bis (4-chloro-3-sulfostyryl) -diphenyl, or 4- (4-chlorostyryl) -4 '- (2-sulfostyryl) -diphenyls. Also mixtures The aforementioned optical brightener can be used.

In particular, when used in mechanical processes, it may be advantageous to add conventional foam inhibitors to the compositions. As foam inhibitors are, for example, soaps of natural or synthetic origin, which have a high proportion of C ₁₈ -C ₂₄ fatty acids. Suitable non-surfactant foam inhibitors are, for example, organopolysiloxanes and mixtures thereof with microfine, optionally silanized silica and paraffins, waxes, microcrystalline waxes and mixtures thereof with silanated silicic acid or bis-fatty acid alkylenediamides. It is also advantageous to use mixtures of various foam inhibitors, for example those of silicones, paraffins or waxes. The foam inhibitors, in particular silicone- and / or paraffin-containing foam inhibitors, are preferably bound to a granular, water-soluble or dispersible carrier substance. In particular, mixtures of paraffins and bistearylethylenediamide are preferred.

The preparation of solid agents which can be used presents no difficulties and can be carried out in a known manner, for example by spray-drying or granulation, using enzymes and any further ther mixed sensitive ingredients such as bleach may be added separately later if necessary. For the preparation of inventive compositions having an increased bulk density, in particular in the range from 650 g / l to 950 g / l, a process comprising an extrusion step is preferred.

to Preparation of compositions in tablet form, single-phase or multi-phase, monochrome or multicolor and in particular of a layer or can consist of several, in particular of two layers goes It is preferably such that all components - if necessary one layer at a time - mixed together in a mixer and the mixture by means of conventional tablet presses, for example eccentric presses or rotary presses, with compressive forces in the range of about 50 to 100 kN, preferably compressed at 60 to 70 kN. Especially for multi-layered tablets, it may be advantageous if at least one Layer is pre-pressed. This is preferably at pressing forces between 5 and 20 kN, in particular at 10 to 15 kN. You get so easily unbreakable and yet under conditions of use sufficiently fast soluble tablets with breaking and bending strengths from normally 100 to 200 N, but preferably over 150 N. Preferably, a tablet prepared in this way has one Weight of 10 g to 50 g, in particular from 15 g to 40 g. The The shape of the tablets is arbitrary and can be round, oval or angular be, with intermediate forms are possible. Corners and Edges are advantageously rounded. Round. Tablets preferably a diameter of 30 mm to 40 mm. Especially the size of square or cuboid designed tablets, which predominantly over the metering device, for example, the dishwasher is introduced depends on the geometry and the volume of this metering device. Exemplary preferred embodiments have a footprint of (20 to 30 mm) × (34 to 40 mm), in particular 26 × 36 mm or 24 × 38 mm up.

liquid or pasty means in the form of usual Solvent-containing solutions are in usually by simply mixing the ingredients in bulk or as a solution in an automatic mixer can be made.

One preferably usable agent in the context of this invention may, for. B. ingredients, selected from anionic surfactants, preferably alkylbenzenesulfonate and / or alkylsulfate, nonionic Surfactants, such as preferably fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, alkylpolyglucoside and / or fatty acid glucamide, builders, such as preferably zeolite, polycarboxylate and / or sodium citrate, alkalis, preferably sodium carbonate, alcohols, preferably ethanol and / or glycerol, bleaching agents, such as preferably sodium perborate or Sodium percarbonate, bleach activators, such as preferably tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED or p-nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (NOBS), corrosion inhibitors, preferably sodium silicate, stabilizers, as preferably Phosphonates, foam inhibitors, preferably soap, silicone oils and / or paraffins, enzymes, such as preferably proteases, amylases, Cellulases and / or lipases, grayness inhibitor, as preferably Carboxymethyl cellulose, discoloration inhibitor, as preferably Polyvinylpyrrolidone derivatives or polyimidazoles, dirt deflectors, as preferably soil-release polymers, such as in particular soluble oligomeric terephthalic acid esters, adjusting agents, as preferably Sodium sulfate, fragrances, optical brighteners, as preferably Stilbene derivative and / or biphenyl derivative and water.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• US 2005/0226761 A1 [0049]
• US 2005/0227854 A1 [0049]
• - EP 0300305 [0055]

Claims (16)

A process for decolorization of colored stains on hard and / or soft surfaces, characterized in that the stain to be discolored is irradiated with electromagnetic radiation having wavelengths between 380-800 nm. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that that electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between 400-700 nm, preferably 400 to 480 nm is used. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized that light emitting diodes (LEDs) are used as the radiation source. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the spectral half-width of the Spectral curves (half width of spectral light output) in Range of 4 to 100 nm, preferably 5-40 nm, in particular 10-20 nm. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the duration of the irradiation 30 seconds to 5 hours, preferably 1 minute to 2 hours, in particular 5 minutes to 1 hour. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the irradiance is 10 mW / cm ² to 200 W / cm ² , preferably 1 to 10 W / cm ² . Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the pulse duration is 5 ns to continuous wave, preferably 100 ns to continuous wave. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the regulation of the brightness of LED is done by pulse width modulation. Method according to one of claims 1-8, characterized in that the colored stains yellow to orange dyes, such as, preferably, curcuma dyes, z. As curry and mustard, in particular curcumin include, and / or as preferably dyes that occur in the egg yolk or egg yolk can, preferably comprising dyes such as carotenoids, Zeaxanthin, lutein, xanthophylls, canthaxanthin, astaxanthin, apocarotenoids, Cryptoxanthins and / or β-carotene. Method according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the colored soiling in wet Condition is irradiated. Method according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the irradiation in a washing, Rinsing or cleaning machine or in a machine Washer is performed, preferably before and / or during and / or after a machine washing, Rinsing or cleaning process or machine drying process. Use of radiation sources, which electromagnetic Radiation with wavelengths between 380-800 nm emit, in particular LED, in washing, rinsing or Cleaning machines or in machine dryers to aid in the removal of colored stains from the hard and / or soft surfaces to be cleaned. Use according to claim 12 for assistance the removal of colored stains from the hard to clean or soft surfaces by increasing water solubility the colored stains. Use according to one of claims 12 or 13 to aid in the removal of colored stains from the hard or soft surfaces to be cleaned by lowering the dirt adhesion of the colored stain on the surface to be cleaned. A kit suitable for use in decolorization of colored stains on hard and / or soft surfaces, comprising (a) a radiation source, preferably comprising light emitting diodes (LED) and (b) a (pre) treatment agent, preferably in liquid form, and optional (c) consumer instructions for proper handling of the kit and its uses. Washing, cleaning or dishwasher or automatic clothes dryer, characterized in that it contains one or more radiation sources which for the emission of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between 380-800 nm, preferably 400 to 480 nm is.