DE102008041313A1 - Control system for installations for paper and / or tissue and / or board and / or packaging production - Google Patents

Abstract

Control system for the display and control of a plant for paper and / or tissue and / or board and / or packaging paper production, with at least one control screen (1) for displaying a process (5) and / or at least its sub-process (6) a user interface (7) for changing process parameters (3) of the system, with at least one control element (2) for selecting and / or activating and / or changing at least one process parameter (3) and with lines for identifying flows (8) characterized in that the process (5) and / or sub-processes (6) by means of graphical elements on the operating screen (1) is shown, wherein the flows (8) can be material and / or energy flows and / or monetary valued rivers, the , from or between the sub-processes (6) are represented by lines whose width is a measure of the size of the respective flow.

Description

The The invention relates to a control system for installations for paper and / or tissue and / or board and / or packaging paper making according to the preamble of claim 1.

One Control system is to represent complex temporal and substantive process flows clearly and support the controlling human intervention, or even at all first allow. This support of the human Intervention distinguishes a control system from an automated control, which automatically by means of a target-actual comparison and by means Sensor signals initiates reactions in the system.

One Control system can be used to create a process overview Contain variety of sensors, use automatic and also actuators to control. It is not completely automatic, but still rely on human intervention to function.

at Control systems is thus the man-machine interface of great Meaning: a guidance system is only as good as it is at the possibilities and Skills of the person (trained to his task) is set. Neither man may be under-challenged z. B. by stubborn observation of cameras still he may be overwhelmed become too many, widely distributed, due to a lack of clarity time-to-fast signals or the required reactions on the signals.

In There are numerous processes and sub-processes in modern paper plants by the operator via control screens of the control system must be controlled and monitored. To get an overview of To maintain the processes, the control systems are designed so that all important components such as motors, valves, pumps u. s. w. shown and according to the function with lines representing the substance flow history represent, are connected. The current operating conditions are usually in the form of numerical values nearby the illustrated components or components individually visualized. You can tell the control surfaces on the control screens of control systems are the engineering drawings modeled on the plant. These include process and instrumentation drawings, Piping drawings and sometimes drawings showing the local To divide the layout of the facility.

By These representations are the material flows in these operating screens difficult or impossible to understand. They are hidden in many hundreds of individual flow readings, pump speeds, Valve positions. A graphical illustration is at best in the form of many individual bar graphs or pointer positions given.

Of the Operator thus has only limited possibilities for material flows Integral at a glance and unwanted Effects to respond. In the control surfaces of traditional Control systems is thus lost, that a system of subsystems between which material flows take place.

One Another problem of traditional control systems is the use of "energy". "Energy" is in the Meaning of "energy consumption". Ie. Ideally the individual energy consumption values become pumps, motors, Heating units, etc. is displayed and in comfortable systems it is also possible to add more consumers to the consumption around B. the energy consumption of a subsystem or the entire Consumption of a certain type of energy (eg steam) determine.

In In a large industrial plant, however, the practice is "energy" no local consumables, but energy is through the plant transported and converted into other forms of energy.

To the Example is the actual "consumer" is not the pump: The pump only converts the energy into kinetic and thermal energy. Another "energy consumer or converter "is also a valve. Here is kinetic Energy converted into thermal energy. Only when the resulting thermal energy has been released into the environment, it is consumed. Otherwise, it is still in the system in the form of a temperature increase of the medium available, and may be be still effective, for example, in support of Effectiveness of chemicals.

since Development of the so-called Sankey diagram it is known that the evaluation and consideration of balance sheets is suitable problems in Tracking down the process, such as B. leaks or measurement errors.

On control surfaces of control systems, however, Sankey diagrams have not yet been used because, according to the state of the art, control systems focus on the components of automation technology, such as valves, pumps, motors and devices. Therefore, the possibilities of today's control systems are limited at this point. It is neither necessary nor desirable, according to the state of the art, for the line width of a connecting line to be continuously dependent on the flow rate at this point. Stroke variations on control systems today only signal character. For example, a highlighting of a Strokes are made to signal that a particular condition has occurred. For example, that a valve has been closed and no flow is available. A highlighting in this sense can be done by color change but also by line thickness variation. But it has nothing to do with the figurative systematic representation of the size of rivers in networked processes and subprocesses.

Sankey diagrams are generally considered an off-line data analysis tool used outside the control surface of a control system. From the point of view of automation technicians who produce control systems, they are not suitable for on-line displays, since common operating screens are already packed relatively tightly with pumps and valves, so that there is no space left for relatively wide flow lines. In addition, wide flow lines can not be reconciled with the common representations of valves, motors and equipment, as is also the example in the 1 clearly sees.

When analyzing flow readings that represent all flows from and to a sub-process, it is safe to conclude that the sum of flows is not equal to the sum of flows. Causes are the measuring errors of the instruments, which result from their accuracy class. A method for evaluating such balances and, if necessary, to correct or validate the measurements or to detect malfunctions is, for example, B. " DIN 1319-4 Fundamentals of Measurement Technology Part 4 " known. Such methods are rarely used in the paper industry, since a sufficient structuring of the system in sub-processes during plant design traditionally not done and the control systems do not focus on balances of sub-processes. However, it is necessary for a consistent representation of rivers in Sankeydiagrams.

task The invention relates to a control system and a method for an installation, in particular for paper and / or tissue and / or cardboard and / or packaging production, which provides an improved overview of the processes, the material and energy flows from technological and economic point of view.

These Task is by means of a control system with the features of the claim 1 solved. Advantageous developments of the invention are in specified in the dependent claims.

The Inventive control system for display and Control of installations for paper and / or tissue and / or cardboard and / or packaging manufacturing consists of at least one operating screen with at least one user interface for displaying the Process and / or at least one sub-process, and / or for Change of process parameters, with at least one control element to select and / or activate and / or modify at least one process parameter, as well as lines for labeling of rivers, such as material flows. Process parameters are, for example, material flows, machine settings, Valve positions, speeds, pressures or the like. Controls are, for example, mouse pointers, text input fields, displayed items using the mouse in size can be changed, sliders, or too other elements like those for input functions in computer programs Find use. Often you will also find, for example Possibilities simply by mouse clicks in a first Step to open special windows, where then more Operating actions are made.

Around a better overview of the process and / or To get sub-process and the flows of technological and to better judge economic and economic becomes the process and / or subprocess by means of graphical elements shown on the control screen, with the flows and / or energy flows and / or monetary assessable Rivers may be to, from, or between the sub-processes are represented by lines whose width a measure of the size of each Flow is.

These Solution is possible in particular by the fact that Made room on the control surfaces of the control system By looking at the representation of pumps, valves, and motors other individual aggregates is largely dispensed with.

The Lines of rivers, especially with parallel entry or exit of the rivers in the process or sub-process, are ideally automatically arranged so that when a change of at least one river and the changing one at least one width of a line no spaces arise between the lines and also possible no overlaps the lines arise.

The is therefore important, especially for overlaps the true line widths can no longer be perceived.

As an example, be on 2 pointed. Subprocesses are shown here and connected by connecting lines that represent the flows of water, filler and pulp. As the filler flux increases, the water and pulp lines must automatically move to the side. Otherwise, their full line width would no longer be visible. On the other hand, if the filler flow decreases, there should be no gap between the partial flows. The lines of the partial flows should come together. Only then is the total line widths consisting of the line widths for fiber, water and filler clearly visible and visually simply comparable to the situation in other sub-processes.

Farther it is very advantageous if for better distinctness the Fabric and / or energy flows of different colors or Patterns are used, for energy flows preferably red tones, for aqueous liquids preferably blue tones, for wood components preferably brown tones, for chemical additives preferably green tones and other rivers preferably gray tones. Gray can thus, for example, for various organic or inorganic impurities are used.

Helpful is a legend on the control screen giving the operator the Meaning of colors and / or patterns explained.

In order to further improve the clarity on the operating screen, it is advantageous to weight and scale the line thicknesses for the passages according to their importance by the operator, preferably a non-linear scale according to FIG 3 Use finds. For example, the operator can concentrate on the water flows of the plant without being distracted by other rivers.

In spite of the weighting option could be on the control screen to space problems, the overlaps inevitable do. Ideally, maximum dimensions become one configuration specified. If the sum of line weights is the maximum This is indicated to the operator by exceeding the dimensions so that he knows that the rivers are in reality are larger than shown.

at Paper production is under material flows materials or mixtures such as pulp, chemicals, Water, steam, air, lime, and coating color, their relative representation preferably in the unit of a mass flow [kg / min], or one Volume flow [l / min] takes place. In special cases are Of course, other units allowed. For example is responsible for the concentration of organic impurities the required chemical oxygen demand in [mg / l]. As a flow would be the unit then [mg / min].

For Energy flows, the energy exchange between subprocesses and / or the environment, will be for the relative representation of the energy flow, preferably the unit [kW] used.

Of the indicated by the line thickness thermal energy flow a liquid is from the differential temperature between the current temperature and an initial temperature in Connection with the flow and the heat capacity calculated.

rivers can also be monetary rivers that z. B. the current monetary value of the flowing substance correspond. For example, a good becomes a sub-process refined. The increase in value of the goods corresponds to the expenditure Costs in the sub-process. Therefore, the monetary value of the Good after each sub-process usually bigger. On the other hand, in water circuits can also enrich contaminants. The contaminants cause later Costs as they have to be disposed of again. Also the Flow of contaminants can therefore be monetarily rate.

by virtue of losses during the process and inaccuracy of measuring instruments there will always be a difference between the measured Actual values and the setpoints so that it is advantageous optional the difference between target flows and actual flows to allow the operator to view the operating status of the system can better see. This can be z. B. in a similar diagram respectively.

Next the representation of the rivers according to the invention for the process and / or at least one sub-process at least one graphical element for process parameter display on the operating screen shown.

• – Bewirkt der Prozess das, was er soll?
• – Ist er schon im „roten Bereich” oder ist noch Spielraum vorhanden?
• – Zeigt die Laufzeit bzw. die bisherige Belastung des Teilprozesses einen baldigen notwendigen Service an?
• – Sind Betriebsmittel ausreichend vorhanden?
• – Ist alles in Ordnung?

The process parameter display can also be used to display process parameters such as effectiveness, performance, efficiency, runtime, storage and status of the process and / or sub-process. These 6 process parameters correspond to a motor vehicle: speed, speed, odometer, fuel gauge, warning lights. The concrete meaning, of course, depends on the particular process. In any case, they clearly answer the questions to the operator:

• - Does the process do what it should?
• - Is he already in the "red area" or is there still scope?
• - Does the runtime or the previous load of the subprocess indicate a necessary service soon?
• - Are resources sufficiently available?
• - Is everything ok?

In the process parameter display, however, preferably only 4 out of the 6 possible states are displayed via the displays for a process or subprocess and / or as process parameters ( 3 ) ( 9 ). So you have a better overview about the processes.

The achieved efficacy z. B. a former is given by the Amount of paper that the former delivers to the press per unit of time. Also the performance of a former, more precisely the drainage performance [l / min], is an important criterion as it is the capacity of the process and thus also the amount of paper production.

One Another important process parameter is efficiency. With a shaper would be a suitable indication of efficiency of energy use per ton of paper. Here the topic quality plays a role plays, because only the production with sufficient quality taken as a benchmark for efficiency may be. Another possibility would be the efficiency directly as a monetary size display. For example, the cost of 1000 kg paper Operation of the sub-process Former incurred.

Also a condition indicator can play an important role in the assessment of the sub-process, so for example in a former in the process display the condition of the electrical equipment or the screen.

ever After what is to be displayed, the process parameters can over a suitable process parameter display such. For example, a bar chart or a pointer instrument visualized and / or the state by Signal lamp functions are displayed on the operation screen.

If In addition, they may be required to those preferred here Sizes, other process parameters such as pressures, Volume, etc. in process parameter displays.

One Storage tank, which is a particularly simple sub-process can display on the control screen with only one value, the Filling level or the filling quantity, for the operator clearly represented. With detailed information about Sub-processes and components / components of sub-processes in others Screen displays can be found and accessed by the operator.

processes may also be advantageously presented in hierarchical form so that a sub-process in another user interface again represented as an independent process, the in turn contains sub-processes with rivers.

Around to be able to change the process and / or sub-process, The operator can use controls like a pointer instrument (eg mouse) and / or text input field change a substance / energy flow, in which he either simply the flow lines with the mouse wider / narrower pushes or changes the values via the keyboard.

While of the operation become set and measured process parameters displayed on the operator screen. With the help of model calculations can impact from performed or desired Process changes are made immediately visible. So had the operator the possibility of the consequences of his change z. B. in the headbox on z. B. the probably occurring basis weight to be shown at the end of the system without having to wait until the change is actually at the end of the machine arrives and can be measured there. The models can be very easy and take into account especially the transport times between the subprocesses.

So can be changed before the actual activation Process parameters, the resulting process and / or sub-process changes be displayed on the control screen, so the effects the planned operator intervention on the material / energy flows and the operator next sees the planned changes can modify or take over, by means of a Model calculation the operating graphics the later effects a desired or an actual change represents a process value.

balance equations subprocesses and / or the process are used to perform the Line weights underlying measurements and estimates to validate material / energy flows. The validation is preferably carried out by means of regression analysis. The result the validation is used to correct the flow values, so that corrected values are possible in the display.

In which the magnitude of the necessary correction with the expected accuracy of the flow values is compared and if necessary - if the correction is way too big - a warning or an alarm is displayed. The corrections made and / or the detected measurement deviations can also be displayed in a diagram being represented.

alternative or in addition to the regression analysis other mathematical methods, such as B. a Kalman filter used be, with the goal that static deviations over the regression analysis will be corrected and rapid deviations over a Kalman filter will be corrected.

The method for controlling a plant for the production of paper, tissue, cardboard or packaging with a production plant, as before, is based on a computer-based control system with at least one operating screen, a user interface and is controlled by at least one control unit ment controlled, wherein displayed on the at least one operating screen, the process and / or at least one sub-process with graphical elements on the user interface according to at least one of the preceding claims and controlled.

embodiment

following the present invention will be described by way of example with reference to the attached Drawings described.

It demonstrate

1 Representation of the user interface of a control system according to the prior art

2 A possible representation of the user interface of the control system with the graphic elements

3 Diagram of the weighting of the rivers

4 Overview of the operating screen

In 1 becomes the user interface 7 a control system according to the prior art shown. In these control systems, or control system, the process is represented by symbols for the individual components 12 and the corresponding control values 13 and readings 14 displayed. Component / Component 12 (Motors, valves) are in the foreground or in the focus of the operator and there is no relationship between flow values and the line width shown. However, this type of display is not useful for economic plant management, it even distracts from an economic asset management. Economic plant management primarily requires an overview of the material and / or energy flows 8th , where monetarily assessable flows are considered the same as material and / or energy flows. To z. For example, to change material flows, the operator uses controls 2 Such as mouse pointer or input field If an operator has to increase a substance flow (such as a chemical dosage), it is irrelevant for him whether the actuator is a pump or a valve. This is similar to the driver of an automobile, for which it is irrelevant whether an injection pump is actuated by an actuation of the accelerator pedal, or a flap on the carburetor is changed. He does not even have to know the pump speed or the flap position at this time.

In 2 is a possible representation of the user interface 7 of the control system with the graphical elements according to the present invention, which focuses on an improved overview of the processes, the material and energy flows 8th from a technological and economic point of view.

The material and / or energy flows 8th are shown here as clearly as possible, with the actual operating screen 1 the representation of components 12 or individual components such as pumps, valves, motors only in individual cases. Instead of technical components, the main focus is on the process.

The representation of components / components 12 focuses on subordinate user interfaces 7 , which are mainly used for servicing or for adjustment work.

The material and / or energy flows 7 are displayed based on a Sankey diagram. As in the Sankey diagram, the magnitude of the z. For example, material flow can be graphically identified by the strength of the connecting lines between subprocesses. If necessary, as in 2 In addition, the direction of the rivers indicated by arrows.

In the illustration shown are examples of a process 5 , within the outer dashed frame, and the subprocesses 6 shown. To different material and / or energy flows 8th Different colors / patterns are advantageously used. For example, aqueous liquids in shades of blue, types of energy (electricity, steam, thermal, ...) in reds, etc.

Ideally, the operator can decide for himself how strong a given material and / or energy flow 8th is pictured. For example, one operator could focus primarily on filler flow by making all filler streams relatively strong and all other flows relatively thin. In a preferred embodiment, controls for this are in the legend area 4 intended.

The operation or change of the material and / or energy flows 8th This is done, for example, by changing numerical values or sliders on the flows shown, or by the flows shown 8th be addressed with a pointer instrument, such as a mouse, whereupon new setpoints for the flow can be specified in an input area. The operation of the sub-processes 6 is preferably done by addressing the sub-processes 6 with a pointer instrument, like a mouse. This opens up access to another detailed representation of these subprocesses 6 ,

In addition to the representation of the material and / or energy flows 8th are on the operating screen umbrella 1 graphical process parameter displays 9 and status indicators 10 shown. These displays make it easy for the operator to determine how efficiently the process is currently running at each point. So is in 2 an effectiveness indicator 10a present, the z. B. as a process parameter 3 shows the current speed. A second process parameter display is a pointer instrument for a performance indicator 10b in the z. B. the speed of a pump is displayed. To get a quick overview of the efficiency such. B. the specific consumption of a sub-process 6 to get is an efficiency indicator 10c intended.

The entire sub-process 6 is also still using the status display 10d supervised. The different colored indicator light indicates how well the process is working or if z. B. is a disorder.

For the operation of possible further process parameters of the subsystems it is preferable to use a mouse pointer. With the mouse pointer can be opened by pressing a button another window, which contains more information about the corresponding subsystem and also offers other operating functions.

3 shows a diagram of how the rivers can be scaled. By changing the parameters of a stored equation, as shown by the characteristics 1-3, a flow in a certain range can be represented very differentiated. So are by characteristic 1 small rivers, by line 2 small and big rivers and by line 3 large rivers are shown in a differentiated way, in the sense that small changes in the flow are clearly visible in the display.

4 shows an overview of the operating screen 1 , On the control screen 1 can the individual user interfaces 7 , z. B. with the operator panels and controls 2 be called.

1

operating screen

2

operating element

3

process parameters

4

Legend

5

process

6

subprocess

7

user interface

8th

rivers

9

Process parameter display

10a

effectiveness indicator

10b

power display

10c

efficiency indicator

10d

status display

11

container with level indicator

12

Component / Component

13

control values

14

readings

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited non-patent literature

• - DIN 1319-4 Fundamentals of Measurement Technology Part 4 [0014]

Claims (14)

Control system for the representation and control of installations for paper and / or tissue and / or board and / or packaging paper production, - with at least one operating screen ( 1 ) - with at least one user interface ( 7 ) to represent a process ( 5 ) and / or at least one sub-process ( 6 ) and / or for changing process parameters ( 3 ), - with at least one operating element ( 2 ) for selecting and / or activating and / or changing at least one process parameter ( 3 ) - with lines for marking rivers ( 8th ) characterized in that the process ( 5 ) and / or the sub-processes ( 6 ) by means of graphic elements on the operating screen ( 1 ), the flows ( 8th ) Can be material flows and / or energy flows and / or monetarily assessable flows that go to, from or between the subprocesses ( 6 ) are represented by lines whose width is a measure of the size of the respective flow. Control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the lines of rivers ( 8th ), in particular with parallel entry or exit of the rivers ( 8th ) in the process ( 5 ) or sub-process ( 6 ) are automatically arranged so that when at least one flow ( 8th ) and the thus changing at least one width of a line no spaces between the lines arise and also possible no overlaps of the lines arise. Control system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that for better distinguishability of the lines for the rivers ( 8th ), preferably red shades for energy flows, preferably blue shades for aqueous liquids, preferably brown shades for wood constituents, preferably green shades for chemical additives, and preferably greyish shades for other substances. Guide system according to one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the line width for the passageways to weight their importance by the operator can be scaled, preferably a non-linear scale according to 3 Use finds. Control system according to one of claims 1-4 characterized in that differential flows of nominal and Actual rivers are shown. Control system according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that for the process ( 5 ) and / or at least one sub-process ( 6 ) at least one graphical element for process parameter display ( 9 ) is pictured. Control system according to claim 6, characterized in that with the process parameter display ( 9 ) maximum 6 and preferably 4 displays ( 10a - 10d ) and / or process parameters ( 3 ) for a process or subprocess. Control system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that in the process parameter display ( 9 ) Process parameters ( 3 ) such as effectiveness, performance, efficiency, duration, stockpiling and state of the process ( 5 ) and / or a sub-process ( 6 ) being represented. Control system according to one of Claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the process parameters ( 3 ) is visualized via a bar graph, a pointer instrument or a numerical value and / or the state by signal lamp functions on the operating screen ( 1 ) being represented. Control system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the processes ( 5 . 6 ) are presented in a hierarchical form so that a sub-process ( 6 ) in another user interface as an independent process ( 5 ), which in turn is sub-processes ( 6 ) with rivers ( 8th ) contains. Control system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that before the actual activation of changed process parameters ( 3 ) the resulting process and / or sub-process changes on the operator screen ( 1 ), so that the effects of the planned operating procedure on the rivers ( 8th ) and the operator can next modify or accept the planned changes, whereby by means of a model calculation the operating graphics represent the later effects of a desired or an actual change of a process value. Control system according to claim 1, characterized in that balance equations of sub-processes ( 6 ) and / or the process ( 5 ) can be used to calculate the underlying measurements and estimates of rivers ( 8th ), whereby the validation is preferably carried out with the aid of a regression calculation. Guidance system according to claim 12, characterized that alternatively or additionally a dynamic filter, Preferably, a Kalman filter is used, with the aim that fast dynamic measurement errors, caused for example by measurement noise will be reduced Process for the production of paper, tissue, Cardboard or packaging with a production plant, the plant being equipped with a computer-based control system with at least one operating screen ( 1 ), a user interface ( 7 ) and at least one operating element ( 2 ) is characterized in that on the at least one operating screen ( 1 ) the process ( 6 ) and / or at least one sub-process ( 5 ) with graphic elements on the user interface ( 7 ) is displayed and controlled according to at least one of the preceding claims.