DE102008035842A1 - Modular solar tower power plant, has set of solar modules arranged on tower, where plant delivers reflected solar radiation dynamically on selected solar module with heliostats based on utilizable energy requirement by heliostats - Google Patents

Abstract

The plant (1) has two different solar modules (5) arranged on a tower (2), where a calibration surface (8) is provided at the tower. The solar modules convert solar radiation into a primary utilizable energy, and a heliostat field (3) comprises heliostats (4) and supplies the solar energy to the solar modules. The plant is designed such that the plant delivers the reflected solar radiation dynamically on the selected solar module with the heliostats based on the utilizable energy requirement and/or the solar radiation power provided by the heliostats. An independent claim is also included for a method for controlling a solar tower power plant.

Description

The The invention relates to a modular solar tower power plant (Flexible Solar Power Plant - FSPP), with at least one tower, at least two different solar modules on a respectively assigned Tower, which turns the solar radiation into a primary one Convert useful energy form, and with one of several heliostats existing heliostat data field for the supply of solar energy to the solar modules.

The The invention further relates to a method for controlling such Solar tower power plant by catching sunlight and aligning the Heliostats on the focal point of the tower, as well as measuring the available standing light quantity.

at the use of alternative raw materials for energy production plays the solar energy plays a big role. This becomes conventional captured by collectors and to heat a medium used or in electrical energy or other forms of energy such as for example, cold converted. It turns on the one hand the problem of storing the energy gained, since solar energy often not available then when the energy is needed, and on the other hand, the problem of not optimal Efficiency, if not full solar energy (eg in the morning or in the evening) is available. Furthermore, the electricity generation costs still relatively high.

DE 28 52 654 C2 describes a tower reflector for concentrating solar power plants, in which the absorber is not placed on the top of the tower, but mounted on the ground, on the spire is only a reflector aligned with the reflector with a mirror, which is accommodated by a profile structure, which is an active cooling allows. In addition to the relief of the tower, the reflector can be designed so that a better concentration of sunlight and thus a higher yield is achieved.

DE 10 2004 044 841 A1 discloses a heliostat with a plurality of mirror devices with movable mirrors and at least one drive and a coupling device for the common movement of the mirror surfaces. The coupling device is switchable between a coupling and decoupling of mirror surfaces or groups of mirror surfaces, so as to improve the beam focusing.

DE 102 39 700 B3 describes a solar receiver for a solar thermal power plant with a heliostat field that concentrates solar radiation on a receiver (solar module) with a variety of gas-permeable absorber fields. The receiver is mounted on a tower. Air conducted through the absorber body is heated and used to generate steam.

DE 10 2006 053 758 A1 discloses a method of controlling the alignment of a heliostat to a receiver and a solar power plant. The heliostat is aligned by means of an image sensor which is arranged on a mirror device. With the aid of the image sensor, images of the sun and of the predetermined target area are taken and from this the relative position to a given vector of the mirror device is determined.

Out DE 102 48 068 B4 It is known to reduce the thermo-mechanical load of a plant for solar thermal steam generation by the radiation of a heliostat field is divided into an evaporator section and a superheater section of a steam-generating solar module to comply with maximum allowable heat flux densities. Evaporator section and superheater section are mounted one above the other on a tower.

task The present invention is therefore a technically and economically Respect improved tower power plant for the conversion of solar energy into other forms of energy, as well as the visualization of the energy supply even with little or no sunlight to an economical reasonable price.

The Task is with a tower power plant of the type mentioned solved by the fact that the solar modules several of each other provide different useful energy forms, and that the solar tower power plant is set up to depend on the heliostats the benefit request and / or the heliostat for Available solar radiation power dynamic the reflected solar radiation on at least one selected To dispense solar module.

Advantageous is there on the one hand, the use of many similar Components also possible for different applications and on the other hand through a demand-oriented and on the service offer oriented control of the orientation of the heliostat to different Solar modules a good efficiency is achieved.

The heliostats are controlled in such a way that the focal point focused on the head end of the at least one tower is optimized so that either only the desired solar module is charged with solar energy in a combination of different solar modules, that several solar modules are acted upon in such a way that they always be operated at the optimum operating point can, or that in the combination of several identical solar modules, the admission of the individual solar modules is made such that, depending on the sun's intensity, an optimal efficiency is achieved.

The Combination of one or more towers, at the head end different solar modules can be located allows the conversion of concentrated solar energy into different ones primary utility forms of energy, such as electrical Energy, hydrogen, cold energy, steam. The from the solar module generated primary useful energy form can turn in a following step completely or partially into a secondary one Energy form to be converted. Also a seawater desalination is conceivable in this context.

Conceivable is that only one primary utility energy form per tower of same solar modules is generated. A tower can be two or more Solar modules carry, with the solar modules per tower the same primary Generate useful energy form or different utility forms of energy can. On a tower are thus either only similar Solar modules or different solar modules mounted in combination, on the optional on the depending on the available Solar energy quantity and the required amount of energy required and Demand energy form from the heliostats of the heliostat field solar radiation is focused.

The Solar energy of a heliostat or a jointly controlled Group of heliostats can thus optionally on a selected first Tower or part of the first tower will be concentrated to energy while generating a first primary utility energy form the solar energy of another heliostat or one in common controlled second group of heliostats on a selected second tower or part of the second tower is concentrated, to generate energy of a second primary utility energy form. In a corresponding manner, the optimized in terms of efficiency and illumination adapted to the need for utility forms of energy other towers of other heliostats or heliostat groups possible.

The Solar modules can be any combination z. B. following provide primary utility forms of energy: hydrogen, Electricity, water vapor, hot water, cooling capacity and / or even seawater desalination.

to manual or automatic alignment of the heliostat is located preferably a calibration surface is located on the tower, on the radiation of the heliostats to calibrate the alignment of Heliostat is focusable. With the help of the calibration surface a predetermined alignment starting position can be set, on the basis of a precise control of the alignment the heliostat on or on the tower mounted solar modules can be done.

Preferably is also the costs incurred in the cooling of the solar modules Heat energy continues to be exploited. This can be residual heat energy stored by cooling medium of the solar modules in a water tank and made available there for further use become.

Advantageous is thus a device for using the residual energy from the (combined) Solar modules provided, for example, to supply consumers with district heating serves. After the operating principle of a heat pump can also generate energy for cooling, which can be used further can be made. The When cooling the solar modules accumulating heat energy in the coolant can for Heating of large water tanks for temporary storage the energy, for use by a heat pump to this Tanks or for use in the residual heat module for re-heating, for further use in a second stage downstream Electricity Generation, Refrigeration, Hydrogen, Steam, Seawater Desalination Module or for any other external use.

The combination of multiple applications, such as one or more power generation solar modules together with one or more hydrogen solar modules, thus enables storage of some of the solar energy while powering and, in turn, burning the hydrogen at night to ensure 24 hours of power generation. Power generation at night can then be done by the power generation module. With the combined use of the solar modules thus widens the application areas and at the same time reduce the costs by using the same main components (tower, heliostats, etc.) in different applications. The combined use of the solar modules, for example, by sunlight or optionally by applying energy through hydrogen thus allows a long operating time and thus low electricity production costs. In principle, all combinations are conceivable. So it can be economically interesting to combine a cooling solar module with a steam solar module on the one hand to allow your air conditioning of buildings (eg production halls) and at the same time to provide hot steam for any production processes. For the application of seawater desalination it may be interesting to have an electric solar module and a hydrogen so larmodul with a seawater desalination solar module to couple. Thus, a self-sufficient application for seawater desalination is given.

The Dimensions of the tower power plant should be optimized in this way on the one hand, on as many standard components as possible and on the other hand the heliostats be executed in a small size. This is advantageous, since thus a low windage surface is given and thus focus on a focal point easier to realize.

Of the Efficiency and the operating time of the system can be increased, when the solar modules are operating at the optimum operating point. This can be achieved by the control according to the invention be ensured. For this purpose, the respective solar module be designed in an order of magnitude, the lower is, as the maximum, through the heliostat area to Available amount of energy. By the combination several identical or different solar modules are included Maximum incidence of light all solar modules alike Energy is applied, so that all solar modules in the optimal operating point work. Is not the maximum energy available is reduced by the heliostat orientation of the focal point and aligned with correspondingly fewer individual solar modules. This ensures that the operational readiness of the system also is given in low light and the individual solar modules in one each working optimum operating point.

The Task is further by the method of the aforementioned Art solved by repeatedly adjusting the focus the focus of the tower and the orientation of the focal point the time when changing the available amount of energy such that focussing on a larger one Focal point and / or alignment with other solar modules, when the maximum amount of energy that can be processed by a solar module is reached is, and that a focus on a smaller focal point and / or An orientation to fewer solar modules takes place when working on multiple solar modules distributed total energy for an optimal operating point is no longer sufficient.

advantageous Embodiments are in the subclaims described.

The Invention will be described below by way of example with reference to the accompanying Drawing explained in more detail. It shows:

1 - Sketch of a tower power plant and an associated heliostat field.

1 leaves a sketch of a tower power plant 1 with a tower 2 and with an associated heliostat field 3 detect. The heliostat field 3 consists of a plurality of heliostats 4 , which are individually aligned with suitable actuators. Sunlight gets through the heliostat field 3 captured and bundled to at least one focal point. This at least one focus is on one or more solar modules 5 projected in the tower head 6 at the top of the tower 2 are mounted. The solar modules 5 are known per se modules for converting the focused solar radiation energy into another form of energy such. Steam, electricity, etc.

One focus can be on one, several or all of them in the tower head 5 mounted solar modules 5 by suitable control of individual heliostats 4 of the heliostat field 3 be focused and aligned. The optimal alignment of the heliostats 4 is combined with a control unit 7 and a calibration area 8th reached. The control unit 7 regulates the one hand, the optimal calibration of the individual heliostats 4 and on the other hand it determines which solar modules 5 to optimize the provision of energy by consumers 9 currently required energy in the desired forms of energy and / or efficiency should be applied to solar energy. In addition, the focal length is focused so that the energy density per area as optimally as possible to the respective efficiency of the at least one illuminated solar module 5 is adjusted.

The control of the heliostats 4 and in particular the adjustment of the focal length and selection of the number of simultaneously illuminated solar modules 5 is done depending on the available amount of energy with a suitable solar energy measuring sensor 10 is measured.

It exploits that on a tower 2 or more of the heliostat field 3 radiatable towers solar modules 5 attached are the different primary forms of energy from that of the heliostat field 3 generate solar energy. The available amount of solar energy can thus optimally depending on the respective demand for energy in different forms of energy and / or depending on the different efficiencies of the different solar modules 5 be implemented.

The of the solar modules 5 generated primary useful energy can also directly or after conversion to another secondary useful energy form via suitable power lines 11 , such as power lines, tubes, etc. to the consumer 9 be transmitted.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 2852654 C2 [0004]
• DE 102004044841 A1 [0005]
• - DE 10239700 B3 [0006]
• - DE 102006053758 A1 [0007]
• - DE 10248068 B4 [0008]

Claims (8)

Modular solar tower power plant ( 1 ) • with at least one tower ( 2 ), • with at least two different solar modules ( 5 ) on a respectively assigned tower ( 2 ) • convert the solar radiation into a primary utility energy form, respectively, and • with one of several heliostats ( 4 ) existing heliostat field ( 3 ) for supplying the solar energy to the solar modules ( 5 ), characterized in that • the solar modules ( 5 ) provide several mutually different forms of useful energy, and that • the solar tower power plant ( 1 ) is set up to communicate with the heliostats ( 4 ) depending on the utility energy requirement and / or of the heliostat ( 4 ) available solar radiation power dynamically the reflected solar radiation on at least one selected solar module ( 5 ). Solar tower power plant ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that only one primary useful energy form per tower ( 2 ) of the same solar modules ( 5 ) is produced. Solar tower power plant ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that a tower ( 2 ) two or more solar modules ( 5 ) wearing. Solar tower power plant ( 1 ) according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that solar modules ( 5 ) for hydrogen production and solar modules ( 5 ) are installed for power supply. Solar tower power plant ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that solar modules ( 5 ) • for hydrogen production, • for power generation, • for steam generation, • for hot water generation, • for seawater desalination and / or • for combined cooling capacity generation. Solar tower power plant ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the tower ( 2 ) a calibration surface ( 8th ), to the radiation of the heliostat ( 4 ) for calibrating the orientation of the heliostat ( 4 ) is focusable. Solar tower power plant ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that residual heat energy of cooling medium of the solar modules ( 5 ) is stored in a water tank and made available there for further use. Method of the type mentioned above for controlling a solar tower power plant ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by: a) catching sunlight and aligning the heliostats ( 4 b) measuring the available amount of light, characterized by c) repeatedly adjusting the focusing of the at least one focal point of the heliostat ( 4 ) and the orientation of the focal point over time when changing the available amount of energy such that a focus on a larger focal point and / or alignment with other solar modules ( 5 ), if the maximum of one solar module ( 5 ) is reached and that focusing on a smaller focal point and / or an orientation on a reduced number of solar modules ( 5 ) occurs when the multiple solar modules ( 4 ) distributed energy for an optimal operating point is no longer sufficient.