DE102008028441A1 - Method and device for producing an annular preform made of semifinished fiber material, and use of such methods and devices - Google Patents

Abstract

It is an object of the present invention to provide a simple way of producing a semi-finished fiber preform (12) by means of which it is possible, in particular, to produce curved structural components made of fiber composite materials economically and efficiently. According to the invention, a method is provided for producing an annular preform (12) from semifinished fiber material, comprising winding a semifinished product provided as a band onto a winding core (16), characterized in that winding substantially in the circumferential direction of the winding core (16) onto a contoured lateral surface (18) of the winding core (16), so that successively wound tape layers in the axial direction (A) substantially completely overlap, and that during winding the individual band layers, viewed in the cross section, are deformed in adaptation to the lateral surface contour.

Description

The The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing an annular Preform of fiber semis and the use of such Methods and devices.

to Production of a fiber-reinforced Component (fiber composite component), it is known, first a Preform ("preform") of fiber semis (eg containing a fabric, scrims, fiber mats, etc.) prefabricate and then further processing this preform to the fiber composite component, for example by infiltration with resin material (eg synthetic resin) and subsequent hardening (eg. Thermally).

The Use of fiber composite components is mainly because of their high specific strength (ratio from strength to weight) in many applications interesting. Through mutual interactions between the matrix and those in it receives embedded fibers a fiber composite material of higher quality Properties as each of the two individually involved components.

Fiber composite profile components can z. B. as lightweight, yet stable reinforcing profiles be used. For some time, for example, in aircraft Fiber composite profile components for stiffening the fuselage used. Here are both straight extending profiles as well as curved Profiles needed. Just Profiles can z. B. as a "stringer" in the longitudinal direction a simply curved Airplane shell area are used, whereas curved profiles z. B. as running in a circumferential direction "ribs" for such a shell area can be used. For stiffening double-curved Shell areas (eg cockpit and tail section of an aircraft) with stringers this also a curvature exhibit.

to Production of an annular It is already known from preform made of semi-finished fibrous material and widespread, a semi-finished product made available as a band on one Winding winding core to wrap. In known winding method becomes a (relative to the axial extent of the winding core) relative Narrow semifinished product in several winding layers around the winding core wound. A distinction is usually made between so-called cross, Polar and radial winding process. These basic winding patterns is common that the supplied Fiber material band during the winding in the axial direction with respect to the winding core and is moved, about using a controlled positionable Winding head, over which the fiber material band to be wound is guided.

The known winding methods have a number of disadvantages. One Disadvantage exists z. B. therein that the shape of the winding core in practice more or less significant limitations are imposed. Such a problem is z. B. slipping of straight wound (i.e. not yet covered) sections of the Fiber material band. Depending on the intended use of the produced Fiber composite component, there may be a further significant disadvantage represent that certain fiber orientations or fiber orientation distributions only very difficult or impossible to achieve. One wound in the radial winding process preform contains z. B. no continuous fibers in the axial direction but only in the circumferential direction. In contrast, a preform wound in the polar winding process can indeed continuous, substantially axially extending fibers possess, but not in the circumferential direction continuous fibers.

It An object of the present invention is an easy way for the production of a high-quality preform made of semifinished fiber material indicate, by means of which it is possible in particular, curved structural components made of fiber composites economically and efficiently.

These Task is carried out according to the invention a method according to claim 1 and an apparatus according to claim 8 solved. The dependent ones claims relate to advantageous developments of the invention.

The inventive method for producing an annular Preform of fiber semis, for the production of a component from the impregnated with a matrix material and cured semi-finished, comprising winding a semifinished product provided as a band on a winding core, is characterized in that the winding in Substantially in the circumferential direction of the winding core on a contoured lateral surface the winding core takes place, so that successively wound up Layers of the tape substantially completely overlap in the axial direction, and that during the Winding the individual layers of the tape considered in the cross section in adaptation to the lateral surface contour be deformed.

The Invention allows a big Extent Freedom of design with regard to the spatial arrangement of the reinforcing fibers in a profiled preform. Described below Further developments of the invention, it is possible in particular, continuous Fibers both in the axial direction and locally in the circumferential direction to arrange the preform.

The Fiber orientations or fiber orientation distributions can be found in very big Diversity essentially by a respective design of the wound tape will be realized. The winding process as such can be relatively simple be implemented. This is true even if relatively complicated Fiber orientations should be realized in the preform.

In a preferred embodiment is provided that the tape over its length has a uniform width and wound up successively Lay the tape an axial offset of less than 20%, in particular have less than 10% of the bandwidth.

In a particularly preferred embodiment is at wrapping at all no axial displacement of successively wound layers of the Bandes provided so that these layers completely overlap. In this case is omitted advantageous in conventional Winding method operated effort of a controlled axial movement a winding head (or the winding core).

If the supplied to the winding core Band while winding in the axial direction (such as in conventional Winding method) is moved, so the layer structure in cross section of the preform and thus in the later Fiber composite component by the structure of the supplied tape (and possibly at the same time supplied Semi-finished fiber products). There is a lot of flexibility here. So can one z. B. a triaxial clutch, z. B. carbon fiber scrim. In In such a band, the reinforcing fibers are in three different directions (relative to the feed direction of the tape), z. In + 45 ° / -45 ° / 90 ° orientation or z. In + 30 ° / -30 ° / 90 ° direction.

continuous reinforcing fibers in 0 ° orientation are due to the different winding radii of the contoured Winding core not possible. If about because of the desired Statics of the component necessarily continuous 0 ° fibers are required in the layer structure, so can z. B. in addition one or more other bands with continuous reinforcing fibers in 0 ° orientation supplied to the winding process become.

For deforming the layers of the tape while There are various ways of winding.

In an embodiment For example, it is provided that the deformation of the layers of Bandes a deformation of each brought straight to the winding core band section includes.

Conveniently, is the aufwickelnde on the contoured lateral surface of the winding core band withdrawn from a supply roll. The withdrawn from the supply roll Band is usually considered in cross section no contouring but have an elongated rectangular cross-section.

One Such tape can already in the introduction to the hub in adaptation to the lateral surface contour be deformed.

In an embodiment Such a band deformation is a multi-stage deformation by provided deformation means arranged one behind the other.

alternative would it be conceivable, the band contour during of approaching to deform continuously to the winding core, such as the tape on suitable inclined surfaces or passed the like becomes.

alternative or additionally to a band deformation even before the band section concerned the Winding core reached, for example, be provided that the Deforming the layers of tape a pressing of each just wound Belt section against the winding core comprises. This can be a band deformation realized or completed become.

One such pressing is according to one embodiment at only one point in the circumferential direction of a rotating winding core provided, expediently at or shortly after the spot where the band is with the lateral surface the winding core comes into contact (eg angular less than 90 °, in particular less than 45 ° offset from the point where the tape reaches the surface of the winding core).

In In a further development, the pressing takes place via a circumferential direction the winding core more extensive range (angularly, for example, more than 45 ° sweeping), or z. B. at several distributed in the circumferential direction provided Put.

In an embodiment is provided that the semi-finished an activatable binder (z. B. thermoplastic binder), which is activated during winding. In particular, advantageously, a binder of each just wound Tape section can be activated so that the deformation of the tape Stabilizing compound with an already wound tape layer arises.

In an embodiment is provided during that of winding the semi-finished product is heated (preferably inductive), for example as mentioned above to activate a binder.

In an embodiment it is envisaged that the band contains fibers in 90 ° orientation, in particular even fibers mostly in 90 ° orientation contains. If 90 ° fibers over the total axial length of the preform, so arise for some applications particular advantages in terms of mechanical strength of the fiber composite component produced with the preform.

In an embodiment It is envisaged that the band fibers in several different orientations contains being a big part the fibers are arranged at an orientation angle of at least 30 ° are.

in principle are for the invention is suitable for any fibrous materials and matrix materials. As fibers, for example, glass fibers, carbon fibers, Synthetic synthetic fibers, steel fibers or natural fibers into consideration. As a matrix material, in particular plastics such. B. thermosetting Plastics (synthetic resins) interesting.

Besides it is also basically conceivable that one contained in the profile preform or in whose Manufacture used tape is a so-called "prepreg" (pre-impregnated fiber material). Such prepregs are in manifold versions known and required therefore no one here closer Explanation.

The inventive device for producing an annular Preform is characterized in that the winding device is adapted to the band substantially in the circumferential direction wind the winding core on a contoured lateral surface of the winding core, so that successively wound layers of the tape are in Axial direction substantially completely overlap, and that the device Deforming means, which are formed during the Winding the individual layers of the tape considered in the cross section in adaptation to the lateral surface contour to deform.

ever according to contour of the lateral surface In practice, the use of a tape with a width is required, which considerably exceeds the axial extent of the contoured lateral surface.

In an embodiment it is provided that the deformation means a tape guide device include, which is adapted to a straight at the Winding core zoomed tape section deform the band in its cross section.

The Belt guide can z. B. comprise deformation stations arranged one behind the other, to provide a multi-stage band deformation, wherein the band cross-section successively to a desired Cross section approximated becomes.

A Such deformation station can, for. B. an arrangement of guide rollers between which there is a contoured gap through which the respective straight led to the winding core band section passes. With an arrangement of a plurality of such deformation stations can in the strip running direction Consider a gradual approach the band contour to the lateral surface contour respectively.

In an embodiment it is provided that the deformation means comprise a pressure device, which is adapted to a each just wound tape section of the tape to press against the winding core.

The Pressure device can in this case a to the lateral surface contour comprise the winding core adapted Andruckkörper on which the straight wound tape section passes in the circumferential direction. In a development are several distributed in the circumferential direction (z. B. equidistant distributed) arranged on pressure body intended. The pressure bodies can each be formed in one piece or multiple parts.

In many cases interesting is the training of a pressure body or parts thereof an arrangement of pressure rollers in adaptation to the lateral surface contour. With such a roller arrangement, a passing band section be pressed in a simple manner against the lateral surface contour.

In an embodiment is provided that the pressure body or parts thereof accordingly one while the winding occurring Dickenzuwachses the tape roll shifted become.

A such shift to compensate for the increase in thickness can be active (eg by means of an actively controlled displacement mechanism) or passive (eg by overcoming a spring force) may be provided. Also a combination of active and passive displacement of the pressure body (s) is conceivable (eg a pneumatics).

By Integration of additional Hold down elements could the wound tape is additionally fixed on the winding core. Since the The preform grows in its wall thickness with each revolution of the winding core is it is advantageous if the hold-down elements or parts thereof are correspondingly resilient or compliant.

In an embodiment The device comprises a heating device for heating the straight wound tape section, for example, thermally around a binder activate, which is located in or on this band section (eg as a separate binder fleece).

In a development is provided that the winding core axially divisible is trained. For many more complicated contouring of the lateral surface of the winding core makes this possible first, that the core is reusable (and not a "lost core"). For demolding of the preform can the parts of a z. B. two-part design of the hub then advantageously be moved apart axially.

A required as part of the further processing of the preform Infiltration with matrix material may already occur during the supply of the tape to the winding process ("wet winding"), or after completion of the winding process, for example, directly on the Winding core.

One Manufacturing method and / or a manufacturing device of As described above, for example, for the production of a annular Component be used. For this purpose, the generated by means of winding ring body in the simplest case only to harden (eg thermally), if necessary after previous infiltration with matrix material (eg synthetic resin).

It It should be noted that optionally from an annular preform also several ring-shaped Fiber composite components can be produced by the ring body before or after curing in several annular Parts is separated.

alternative may be a manufacturing method and / or a manufacturing device the type described above for producing an elongated curved Component can be used, which by a separation of the means the winding produced annular body is obtained.

A interesting use is z. B. the production of curved structural components (z. B. reinforcement profiles), which are produced economically and efficiently with the invention can. So can z. B. curved reinforcing profiles with Omega, Z, U or L profile or other profile as required be generated.

A preferred use of the invention is to produce annular preforms, which processed into CFRP frames with omega, Z, U or L cross section become.

In a preferred embodiment becomes the ring-shaped produced preform completely hardened, before it is separated into several components. The curing and if necessary, also a preliminary infiltration can directly performed at the winding core or by one or more other tools. Regarding one possible low turnaround time for mass production of components it is advantageous if the wound preform before its complete curing of the Winding core is separated, so z. B. only compacted on the hub and / or partially cured becomes.

By corresponding fiber orientations of the fibrous semifinished product used can they Properties of the fiber composite component according to the requirements be set.

In an embodiment For example, the tape comprises a scrim containing fibers in different orientations (relative to the feed or longitudinal direction of the tape).

In addition, certain could Component areas by feeding additionally reinforced by further fiber materials, in particular fibrous semifinished product tapes (eg unidirectional or multidirectional bands containing fibers in 0 ° orientation).

In an embodiment is provided that the contour of the lateral surface (and thus the contour of the produced therefrom) viewed in cross section at least having an axially extending contour portion. This has for many use cases the serious advantage that the winding process described at least an additional Fiber sliver containing continuous fibers are fed in 0 ° orientation can. If the contour has multiple axially extending Contains contour sections, so can such an additional Band for be provided for each of these sections.

One additional or later Forming of the preforms before curing is possible, often but not required or even unfavorable.

With of the invention a high efficiency regarding Throughput times and costs in the production of fiber composite components will be realized.

The Invention will now be described with reference to embodiments with reference on the attached Drawings further described. They show:

1 a side view of essential Components of an apparatus for producing an annular preform according to a first embodiment,

2 a perspective view of fiber composite components, using the device of 1 were manufactured,

3 a side view of a manufacturing apparatus according to another embodiment,

4 a perspective view of a detail of the device of 3 .

5 a perspective view of a detail of the device of 3 .

6 a perspective view of a detail of the device of 3 .

7 a perspective view of a detail of the device of 3 .

8th a perspective view of a detail of the device of 3 , and

9 a perspective view of a detail of the device of 3 ,

The Reference numbers of in one embodiment multiply provided, but in their effect analog components, are numbered (each supplemented by a hyphen and a consecutive number). On individual of such components or on the totality of such components hereinafter also referred to by the unsupplemented reference number.

1 illustrates essential components of a device 10 for producing an annular preform 12 ,

The device 10 includes a winding device 14 for winding a fibrous semifinished product provided as a band (not shown) onto a winding core 16 , which in the illustrated embodiment axially divisible from two winding core halves 16-1 and 16-2 is composed. In the figure, A denotes the axis about which the winding core 16 during operation of the device 10 turns to the semifinished product on the winding core 16 wind.

The winding device 14 is adapted to the tape in the circumferential direction of the winding core 16 on a contoured lateral surface 18 of the winding core 16 wound so that successively wound layers of the tape completely overlap in the axial direction.

Another special feature of the device 10 consists in a pressure device 20 , which is adapted to a respective straight wound tape portion of the tape against the winding core 16 to press, so as to the individual layers of the tape in its cross-section considered in adaptation to the contour (dependence of the winding radius of the axial position) of the lateral surface 18 to deform.

The pressure device 20 In the illustrated embodiment comprises one of two parts 22-1 and 22-2 composite pressure body 22 , at the radially inner side of the just wound band portion passes in the circumferential direction and against the lateral surface 18 is charged.

In the illustrated embodiment has the lateral surface 18 a contour in the circumferential direction of the winding core 16 not varied. Furthermore, it is provided in the example shown that the contour is composed of several considered in cross-section each rectilinear contour sections. In the illustrated example, the contour in cross-section has three each extending in the axial direction contour sections and two each extending in the radial direction of contour sections, which connect a middle of the axial sections with the two outer axial sections. Overall, there is a so-called omega profile.

The pressure device 20 serves to bring the supplied with a non-contoured cross-section of the winding process tape in the contour described above. For this purpose, the pressure body exercises 22 a force in the radial direction on the axially extending band areas, whereas the radially extending band areas are loaded with a suitable force in the axial direction.

In the illustrated embodiment, the force acting in the radial direction can be very simple z. B. by the weight of the Andruckkörpers 22 be realized if this Andruckkörper 22 (as shown) on the top of the hub 16 is arranged (for example, on a vertically movable carriage).

The pressing force in the axial direction A is by springs 24-1 and 24-2 generated, which as shown in the figure as compression springs between the parts 22-1 and 22-2 are arranged and urge the two parts apart in the axial direction.

1 shows the device 10 after completion of the winding process, in which z. For example, 5 to 20 layers of a tape (e.g., carbon fiber web) onto the hub 16 were wound up. The ring body produced thereby forms the preform 12 ,

The provision of the radial and axial pressure forces by gravity or by a spring action is structurally simple to accomplish and has the advantage during winding of a plurality of band layers that the contact pressure body 22 or its parts 22-1 and 22-2 are shifted to a certain extent "automatically" in accordance with a thickness increase of the tape roll during winding. If z. B. a semifinished product tape is wound with a thickness of 1 mm, so the thickness of the tape roll increases with each revolution of the winding core by 1 mm. This increase in thickness is in dargestell th example, however, by a retreat of the Andruckteile 22-1 and 22-2 compensated. These deviate in the radial direction against gravity and in the axial direction against the force of the springs 24-1 and 24-2 back.

at appropriate design of the pressure device are both the radial as well as the axial pressure forces over the entire winding process essentially constant.

Deviating from the illustrated embodiment could instead of a "passive" pressure device 20 , which passively compensates for the increase in thickness occurring during the winding, an active pressure generation and / or displacement of the pressure parts can be provided. This could be z. B. be realized by a hydraulic or pneumatic. In an active control of the displacement could be by means of a sensor z. B. the angular position of the winding core 16 or the number of revolutions already completed are detected in order to drive a linear guide of pressing parts based on such measured variables.

In a further development, the pressure device comprises 20 a heater for heating the between the pressure body 22 and the lateral surface 18 passed through tape section, so the just wound tape section. This can be z. B. for the purpose of improving the deformability of the tape and / or for the thermal activation of a binder of advantage, which then fixes the just wound tape section to an underlying (already wound) tape layer.

In summary, the principle for producing the preform is based 12 on the winding technique. The preform 12 arises by winding a preferably quasi-continuous band containing preferably fibers in a different orientation, eg. B. in + 45 ° / -45 ° / 90 ° orientation with each adapted to the requirements of the later component shares. In the exemplary embodiment, the winding core 16 designed symmetrically and rotated about an axis A. The feeding of the sliver takes place via feed members of a tape guide device such. B. feed sheets, rollers, pressure rollers, etc. A suitably designed pressure body forms the supplied tape to the corresponding profile on the winding core. By an additional integration of a heater, for. B. a heating element in the pressing body, which is preferably arranged at the beginning of the pressure body, a previously applied to the tape binder or a belt layer arranged on the belt can be activated during winding. This can z. B. individual layers of the tape glued together and the preform be pre-reinforced. Before the belt exits the presser, additional cooling may be provided to ensure that the previously activated binder cools again.

After completion of the winding process is provided in the example shown, the axial divisibility of the winding core 16 to use the ring body produced by means of winding (preform 12 ) to core.

After infiltration with a matrix material (eg synthetic resin) and curing of the preform 12 can thus z. B. an annular fiber composite component can be created.

The infiltration can be done directly on the hub 16 done, or in another tool. Also comes into consideration, that to the hub 16 brought semi-finished strip to be impregnated with the matrix material, for. B. by the tape is guided in the region of a tape guide device by a corresponding dip.

Of the Ring body produced by winding can (preferably after complete curing) also be separated in different ways to several at the same time To produce components.

To the one comes into consideration, the ring body along one or more radial planes split, accordingly, a plurality of annular fiber composite components to obtain.

To the Another comes into consideration, the ring body produced by means of winding or one of them separated ring body at a plurality of circumferentially distributed locations to cut. With that you can from a wound ring body several curved ones Fiber composite components are obtained, in particular z. B. curved structural components such as B. reinforcing profiles.

such reinforcing profiles made of fiber composite material are used, for example, in the air and space technology as well as vehicle technology in a great variety needed. With the invention can z. B. very efficiently produced frames for the reinforcement of aircraft fuselages become.

2 illustrates two components 12'-1 and 12'-2 which after curing of the preform 12 and corresponding separation of the preform was obtained both in the radial direction and at several circumferential locations. Each of the components 12'-1 and 12'-2 represents a curved profile component with Z-profile and z. B. be used as a reinforcing profile.

Starting from the preform 12 , which has an omega profile, also one or more curved profile components with omega profile could be made by the preform 12 or the already hardened ring body is separated at suitable locations of the circumference.

The illustrated components 12'-1 and 12'-2 have considered over their respective length a uniform curvature or a constant radius of curvature, which corresponds to the radius of the winding core used 16 equivalent. Deviating from this, however, it is quite conceivable, by means of a device of the type described above, to produce a non-annular preform and thus in particular also non-constantly curved fiber composite components. For this purpose, only a correspondingly modified winding core is to be used, whose radius varies in the circumferential direction.

at the following description of another embodiment be for equivalent components use the same reference numbers, each supplemented by a small letter "a" to distinguish the embodiment. there is essentially only due to the differences to those already described Exemplary embodiment received and by the way hereby expressly refer to the description of the previous embodiment.

3 shows a device 10a for producing an annular preform (not shown) substantially similar to that described with reference to FIGS 1 already described device 10 works.

In particular, a winding device 14a for winding a semifinished product provided as a band onto a winding core 16a intended. The tape or its course in the supply to the winding core 16a is in 3 dashed lines and designated B.

The tape B is withdrawn from a supply roll (not shown) and first a special tape guide device 30a supplied (see arrow).

The device 30a serves to each one straight to the winding core 16a deformed approached section of the belt B in its cross section, in adaptation to the contour of a lateral surface 18a of the winding core 16a , The contour of the lateral surface 18a is in the view of 3 not recognizable, but better in the rest 4 to 9 ,

In 3 also dashed lines are four in the course of the band B by the tape guide device 30a resulting cross sections of band B.

The 4 and 5 show details of the tape guide device 30a , This comprises, viewed in the strip running direction, first a deflection roller 32a and then forming roll assemblies 34a . 36a and 38a , which are each attached to a vertical support structure. Each of the role arrangements 34a to 38a defines in each case a slot-shaped intermediate space through which the belt B passes and which is bounded by a plurality of roller pairs, each with two parallel individual rollers.

The forming roller assembly 34a consists of two pairs of rollers, which define a V-shaped slot or space for the passing band B. The order 36a consists of three pairs of rollers, which define an approximately U-shaped slot. The order 38a Finally, it consists of five pairs of rollers, which define an omega-shaped slot, which is essentially already in this embodiment also omega-shaped contour of the lateral surface 18a of the winding core 16a equivalent.

When in operation of the device 10a the band B, the individual stations or Formungsrollenanordnungen 32a to 38a passes through, so the band B is viewed in its cross section gradually deformed in adaptation to the lateral surface contour (see 3 dashed band cross sections). This is of considerable advantage in terms of the most accurate and gentle storage of the band B on the contoured lateral surface 18a ,

In the 3 and 4 is below the forming roller assembly 38a a pulley 39a is drawn, which is advantageous for additional supply of at least one additional unidirectional band with fibers in 0 ° orientation can be used to reinforce at least one of the three axially extending contour sections of the preform profile. For example, in addition to the actual "main band" B, there could be three additional unidirectional bands over the pulleys 32a and 39a be fed to the winding process.

In the 6 and 7 is another special feature of the example shown to recognize namely a heater 50a , by means of which the band B is inductively heated, immediately before the band B in a gap between the pressure body 22a and the contoured lateral surface 18a entry. Such heating can z. B. be provided to activate a binder contained in the band B, so that immediately after the storage of the strip material on the winding core 16a Good adhesion between successively wound tape layers arises.

From the heater 50a In the figures, a double frame adapted to the shaped strip contour is shown, which on the one hand enables non-contact passage of the strip and on the other hand serves as a base for current-carrying elements (such as coils) or even as a current-carrying element to provide induction heating for the continuous fiber semifinished product train.

After passing the heater 50a the belt B reaches a pressure device 20a with a pressure body 22a who like in 3 visible on both sides of the winding core 16a each on two supports 52a and 54a is stored.

The pillars 52a and 54a are part of a stationary device base, which in the illustrated embodiment, two supports 56a and 58a ( 3 ), at which one below the end of the support 52a is stored and also a pivot bearing 60a is held.

The pivot bearing is used for storage and rotary drive of the winding core 16a That spoke over spokes 62a is connected to a hub containing the axis of rotation A. The rotary drive takes place by means of an electric motor 64a ,

For setting a radial pressure force, which between the pressure body 22a and the lateral surface 18a of the winding core 16a passing belt B to the winding core 16a charged, z. B. a suitable actively controlled displacement mechanism for the support 52a and or 54a be provided. In the example shown z. B. a controllable linear displacement device on the support 56a for moving the support mounted thereon 52a be provided.

By means of such a shift can then during operation of the device 10a Both a radial pressure force can be adjusted as well as a compensation of a radial increase in thickness of the tape roll can be made during the winding process.

How good in 7 it can be seen, is also in this embodiment, the pressure body 22a from two partial bodies 22a-1 and 22a-2 formed during operation of the device 10a also in the axial direction exert a pressing force on the gera de wound band B, namely on the radially extending band areas of the omega profile.

To create this pressure force z. B. as already with reference to the embodiment according to 1 described be provided a spring force, for example by arranging one or more compression springs, which are the two parts 22a-1 and 22a-2 load in the axial direction. Alternatively, z. B. an active drive be provided for this purpose, such as in the field of storage of the parts 22a-1 and 22a-2 at the supports 52a and 54a ,

The heater 50a is in the example shown via a strut with the pressure body 22a connected. Alternatively, the device could 50a z. B. also on one or more of the supports 52a and 54a (or any other part of the device base).

Another special feature of the device 10a is that in addition to the pressure device 20a , which completes the cross-sectional deformation taking place during the winding of the individual tape layers, distributed in the circumferential direction further pressing devices 70a-1 . 70a-2 and 70a-3 are provided. In the example shown, these other pressure devices 70a substantially equidistant over the circumference of the rotary driven winding core 16a distributed and supported by means of the stationary device base.

Each of the other pressure devices 70a serves to the each passing by section of the tape B again against the contoured lateral surface 18a to thereby complete the tape deformation and / or improve adhesion to a previously wound tape ply and / or to stabilize the cross-sectional profile of the preform.

8th shows the further pressure device 70a-1 a little more detailed. It comprises three coaxial pressure rollers 72a . 74a and 76a which press in each case one of the three axially extending contour sections of the passing preform section in the radial direction against the corresponding contour section of the lateral surface contour. Of course, deviating from the example shown, the pressure device 70a-1 in addition, two may be provided for axial loading of the radially extending contour sections of the band. In the omega contouring shown here by way of example, it is advisable to offset such additional pressure rollers away from the pressure devices 70a-1 to 70a-3 to arrange, for example in the circumferential direction in each case between two adjacent of the facilities 20a . 70a-1 . 70a-2 and 70a-3 , To cope with the increase in thickness of the wound profile, the pressure roller is 74a preferably divided and formed axially movable together, which is in 8th is expressed by the dashed line. With increasing thickness of the wound profile is, for. B. due to spring forces, the track of the pinch roller 74a smaller or narrower.

9 shows a detail of the winding core 16a in which a fixing bolt 80a is provided for fixing a front end of the band B at the beginning of the winding process. The bolt 80a may be represented by an axially through the material of the winding core 16a extending bore, wherein the bolt and the bore are designed and arranged so that a front end of the tape between the bolt 80a and a region of the winding core 16a can be trapped. At the beginning of the preform production, the bolt becomes 80a pulled out of the hole, then the beginning of the tape at this point of the winding core 16a hung up, and then the bolt 80a pushed back into the hole. With such or similar acting fixing device can be advantageous to ensure that in an initial phase of the Wi ckelprozesses the wound-up band B reliably from the rotating hub 16a is taken and does not slip off.

If by the fixing device (eg Fixierungsbolzen 80a ) the profile of the preform is disturbed locally, this location can be advantageously provided as a separation point to form a plurality of curved components.

With the above embodiments have been advantageous methods and apparatus for the production an annular Preform of fiber material semifinished explained. Depending on the specific application many modifications are possible. Especially is that provided in the described embodiments Omega profile of the wound preform by way of example only to understand. By simple modification of the lateral surface of the Hub (and corresponding modification of the tape guide and pressure means) can produce almost any profile, such as B. Z, U or L profiles.

Prefers has the profile to be wound at least considered in cross section rectilinear contour section, be it in the axial direction, in the radial direction or at an angle to these two directions. This tends to be easier in practice the construction of the deformation means for the deformation of the band layers, So for example, the construction of a trained for this purpose Belt guide and / or a pressure body.

The in the embodiments shown horizontal orientation of the axis of rotation of the winding core is also meant to be exemplary only. She is considering the space required a very compact arrangement. Deviating from it comes in particular a vertical axis of rotation, which, depending on the application special benefits can be associated.

• – Einsatz kostengünstiger Halbzeuge wie Multiaxialgelege, Gewebe, Geflechte etc.
• – Einfacher Herstellungsprozess mit gegebenenfalls hohem Automatisierungsgrad.
• – Möglichkeit einer integralen Fertigung von Strukturbauteilen (z. B. Spanten) in hoher Qualität.
• – Senkung der Fertigungsdurchlaufzeit im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Verfahren.
• – Möglichkeit einer gleichzeitigen Erzeugung mehrerer Verstärkungsprofilsegmente (z. B. Spantsegmente).
• – Möglichkeit, im gesamten Bauteil durchgängige Fasern vorzusehen.
• – Faserorientierung kann den Anforderungen des Bauteils in einfacher Weise angepasst werden.

In summary, the following advantages can be achieved with the invention:

• - Use of cost-effective semi-finished products such as Multiaxialgelege, tissue, braids, etc.
• - Simple manufacturing process with possibly high degree of automation.
• - Possibility of an integral production of structural components (eg frames) in high quality.
• - Reduction of the production cycle time compared to conventional methods.
• Possibility of simultaneous generation of several reinforcement profile segments (eg frame segments).
• - Possibility to provide continuous fibers throughout the component.
• - Fiber orientation can be easily adapted to the requirements of the component.

Claims (16)

Method for producing an annular preform ( 12 ) from fibrous semifinished product, for the production of a component ( 12 ' ) from the semifinished product impregnated and cured with a matrix material, comprising winding a semifinished product provided as a strip (B) onto a winding core ( 16 ), characterized in that the winding substantially in the circumferential direction of the winding core ( 16 ) on a contoured lateral surface ( 18 ) of the winding core ( 16 ) takes place, so that successively wound layers of the strip (B) in the axial direction (A) substantially completely overlap, and that during winding the individual layers of the strip (B) are considered in its cross section deformed in adaptation to the lateral surface contour. Method according to claim 1, wherein the deformation of the layers of the strip (B) deforms each straight to the winding core ( 16 ) band section comprises. Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the deformation of the layers of the strip (B) presses a strip section which has just been wound up against the winding core (FIG. 16 ). Method according to one of the preceding An claims, wherein the semifinished product has an activatable binder, which is activated during winding. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein while of winding the semifinished product is heated. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the band (B) fibers in 90 ° orientation contains. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the band (B) contains fibers in several different orientations, wherein a big part the fibers are arranged at an orientation angle of at least 30 ° are. Device for producing an annular preform ( 12 ) from fibrous semifinished product, for the production of a component ( 12 ' ) from the impregnated with a matrix material and cured semifinished product, comprising a winding device ( 14 ) for winding a semifinished product provided as a band (B) onto a winding core ( 16 ), characterized in that the winding device ( 14 ) is adapted to the band (B) substantially in the circumferential direction of the winding core ( 16 ) on a contoured lateral surface ( 18 ) of the winding core ( 16 ), so that successively wound layers of the tape (B) substantially completely overlap in the axial direction (A), and that the device comprises deformation means adapted to, during winding, the individual layers of the tape (B) in its cross section considered to deform in adaptation to the lateral surface contour. Apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the deformation means ( 30 . 20 ) a tape guiding device ( 30 ), which is designed in each case straight to the winding core ( 16 ) section of the strip (B) in its cross section to deform. Apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the deformation means comprise a pressure device ( 20 ), which is adapted to a each just wound portion of the tape (B) against the winding core ( 16 ). Apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the pressure device ( 20 ) one to the lateral surface contour of the winding core ( 16 ) adapted pressure body ( 22 ) To summarizes, at which the just wound tape section passes in the circumferential direction. Apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the pressure body ( 22 ) or parts ( 22-1 . 22-2 ) thereof are displaced in accordance with a thickness increase of the tape roll during winding. Device according to one of claims 8 to 12, comprising a heating device ( 50 ) for heating the just wound tape section. Device according to one of claims 8 to 13, wherein the winding core ( 16 ) is formed axially divisible. Use of a method according to one of claims 1 to 7 and / or a device ( 10 ) according to one of claims 8 to 14 for the production of an annular component. Use of a method according to one of claims 1 to 7 and / or a device ( 10 ) according to one of claims 8 to 14 for producing an elongated curved component ( 12'-1 . 12'-2 ), which by a separation of the ring body produced by means of winding ( 12 ).