DE102008022368A1 - System for data communication, has stationary equipment having transmission or receipt inductance for inductive data communication for primary conductor - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has stationary equipment having a transmission or a receipt inductance for the inductive data communication for primary conductor. The transmission or receipt inductance of the stationary equipment has a ferrous magnetic core, where the primary conductor is coiled around the ferrous magnetic core of the stationary equipment, and is attached to a modem for inductive data communication between primary conductor and modem.

Description

The The invention relates to a system for data transmission, comprising a primary conductor and at least one electrical consumer, wherein the at least one electrical load relative to the Primary conductor is movable along the primary conductor, the at least one electrical load transmitting and / or Empfangsinduktivität for inductive data transmission from and to the primary conductor and the transmitting and / or Empfangsinduktivität a ferromagnetic Core having the ferromagnetic core in a section the primary conductor at least partially surrounds and along of the primary conductor is movable.

Systems for resonant, non-contact are known, for example from the DE 44 46 779 A1 , wherein in these systems despite weak inductive coupling over a relatively large compared to the usual for transformers air gaps, a relative movement between the primary side and secondary side permitting spatial distance large power losses are transferable.

A system of the type mentioned is known from the pending DE 10 2006 054 614.8 known and used for non-contact data transmission to rotating or generally moving parts. Here, the individual movable electrical loads are coupled via identically designed rotary transformer to a common primary conductor, are exchanged over the data signals.

When Rotary joints are generally known coupling devices, the two housing parts rotatably supported against each other connect and transmit electrical signals preferably contactlessly inductive or capacitive or via Sliding contacts and independent of the relative position the housing parts against each other by connecting means of the a housing part to connection means of the other housing part enable.

Of the Invention is the object of a system of said Way to reduce the manufacturing costs and the error rate of data transmission to reduce.

According to the invention the task with the system according to the features indicated in claim 1 solved.

Important Features of the invention of a system are that it is a primary conductor and at least one electrical consumer, wherein the at least an electrical load relative to the primary conductor along the primary conductor is movable, the at least an electrical load transmitting and / or Empfangsinduktivität for inductive data transmission from and to the primary conductor and the transmitting and / or Empfangsinduktivität a ferromagnetic Core having the ferromagnetic core in a section the primary conductor at least partially surrounds and along of the primary conductor is movable, that is a stationary Device is provided that the stationary device a transmitting and / or receiving inductance for inductive Has data transmission from and to the primary conductor, that the transmitting and / or Empfangsinduktivität the stationary Device having a ferromagnetic core that the Primary conductor in turns around the ferromagnetic core the stationary device is wound, and that around the ferromagnetic core of the stationary device Windings connected to a modem are wound inductive data transmission between primary conductors and modem. Preferably, the turns of the primary conductor such around the ferromagnetic core of the transmitting and / or Empfangsinduktivität of the stationary device that wrapped a moving this ferromagnetic core relative to the primary conductor disabled or even prevented.

Of the ferromagnetic core of the transmitting and / or Empfangsinduktivität surrounds the primary conductor partially, so surrounds in one Angular range of at least 120 ° the primary conductor along a portion of its circumference in cross section, such that the mobility of the consumer along the primary ladder This is not restricted, for example by Collision of the core with a support or bracket of the primary manager.

The Transmitting and / or Empfangsinduktivität, for example be formed as a coil. The ferromagnetic cores can for example, ferritic, stacked sheet metal and / or as Be prepared powder core.

When In general, modems are devices with at least one modulator demodulator known. This is used for the modulation / demodulation of signals to / from a physical carrier, for example as Voltage or current signals on an electrical conductor, such as the transmitting and / or receiving inductance or the primary conductor, or as radio signals in a predetermined frequency range, wherein received digitally from a data processing device Data with the modulator in corresponding signals on the physical Carrier and vice versa via the physical carrier received signals with the demodulator into digital data be implemented for the data processing device.

The stationary device is advantageous as Anbin tion of the movable electrical loads to a higher-level control network and / or used as a bus master. The stationary device may also include means for indicating the state and activities of the data bus through which the mobile electrical loads communicate with each other or with the stationary device, such as process data and / or control commands. The stationary device may additionally or alternatively comprise operating means for operation, for example control and / or start-up, of the movable electrical consumers, wherein the transmission of the data necessary for this purpose takes place via the primary conductor.

The Invention has the particular advantage that a stationary Device is usable without a consuming trained Rotary transmission in a possibly already existing System is integrated, the coupling similar or even the same physical properties for data transmission has like the couplings of the moving electrical consumers to the primary conductor, causing unwanted data signal reflections be avoided and the data transmission error rate is reduced is.

According to one advantageous embodiment of the invention can be provided that the system has a generator that the generator has a power, in particular, a constant frequency and / or constant current Amplitude, in the primary conductor impresses that the at least one electrical consumer has a secondary inductance which is inductively coupled to the primary conductor and the with at least one capacity to a series resonant circuit and / or a parallel resonant circuit is added, the Resonant frequency to the frequency of the in the primary conductor impressed stream is tuned, especially this Frequency equals, and that the at least one movable electric Consumer via the secondary inductance from the primary conductor required for its operation electrical power takes. It is preferably provided that the generator the power signal with a constant frequency of at least 10 kHz, in particular 25 kHz, and / or with a constant Amplitude of at least 5 A, in particular at least 10 A or even at least 60 A, feeds into the primary conductor. The Secondary inductance can be beneficial as a coil be formed with a ferromagnetic core. The secondary inductance can be identical to the transmit and / or receive inductance be or be carried out separately from this. Preferably is for the data signals a frequency range above 150 kHz reserved. Through the combination of non-contact Data transmission and contactless power supply is provided a system in which mobile consumers when Operation experienced only a slight wear, which the lifetime is increased.

According to one advantageous embodiment of the invention can be provided that the ferromagnetic core of the transmitting and / or receiving inductance of the stationary device identical to the ferromagnetic Core of the transmitting and / or Empfangsinduktivität of at least a mobile consumer is running. hereby is a particularly cost-effective production allows as in a kit for systems of the type described only a nuclear variety or a small number of different nuclear varieties must be kept ready. Also, the risk of faulty Mounts reduced by using false cores.

According to one advantageous embodiment of the invention can be provided that the stationary device is one for the in the data transmission and / or for the supply of at least Frequencies shielded housing used for an electrical load has that housing the ferromagnetic core of the stationary Device and the modem surrounds and that the primary conductor to and from the ferromagnetic core of the stationary device passed through the wall of the housing. By the shielding is a disturbing influence on the environment of the Systems, such as a manufacturing plant, by the radiation of radio data transmission and an equally disturbing influence on the Modem operation by the power signal on the primary conductor preventable.

According to one advantageous embodiment of the invention can be provided that the ferromagnetic core of the stationary device U-shaped. Thus, a preferred form of the core, with which a good coupling of the transmission and / or receiving inductance to the primary conductor results. As a U-shaped core also for the moving Consumer is usable, without the coupling of their mobility restrict is the stationary device with similar or even identical coupling properties, in particular with a similar or identical frequency-dependent Coupling factor, equipable, like the mobile consumers. Signal distortions are included despite the non-linear characteristic of the coupling high frequencies, especially above 150 kHz, largely avoided. Due to the U-shaped design of the ferromagnetic core is also advantageously avoided that the coupling operated in the saturation region, which is an additional Signal distortion would result. The U shape can also be beneficial formed as part of an E-shape or the like or as a C-shape be.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention can be provided that the turns of the primary conductor to a leg of the ferro magnetic core of the stationary device are wound and that the windings of the connected to the modem windings are wound around another leg of the ferromagnetic core of the stationary device. It is thus between the turns a safe distance can be maintained by the voltage flashovers, for example, by the impressed into the primary conductor current, are avoidable.

to Achieving a good shielding can be done according to a advantageous embodiment of the invention be provided that the housing of the stationary device aluminum and / or copper and / or copper alloys and / or at least partially made of these materials. Preferably the housing is made of aluminum or aluminum It is made of plastic, which is a copper net or grid is poured.

According to one advantageous embodiment of the invention can be provided that the ferromagnetic core of the stationary device in a winding-free section on a housing wall is attached. Thus, the ferromagnetic core and thus also the transmission and / or Empfangsinduktivität safe on the housing attached, wherein a radiating from the magnetic currents the data transfer coupling in the core caused interference over the housing is avoidable to the outside, since the ferromagnetic core bundles the magnetic field lines and leads past the housing.

According to one advantageous embodiment of the invention can be provided that the ends of the ferromagnetic core of the stationary Devices are arranged so that the outgoing and reentering magnetic field lines substantially at a distance from the Housing wall run inside the housing. By forming open ends on the ferromagnetic core the magnetic field lines of the inductive coupling become partial passed through air, causing saturation effects are avoided in the core. By the spacing of the housing wall from the ends of the nucleus becomes the induction of eddy currents reduced or even avoided in the housing wall. The risk of unwanted warming of the stationary Device is reduced.

When further measure to set the same coupling ratios for mobile consumers and stationary equipment can according to an advantageous embodiment of Invention be provided that the number of turns of the primary conductor to the ferromagnetic core of the coupling means for inductive data transmission of the at least one electrical load is equal to the number of turns of the primary conductor around the ferromagnetic core of the stationary one Device. Here, the number of turns is mathematical Sense determined as the possibly fractional number of full Turns around the ferromagnetic core, where the turns are not necessarily wound on the core.

For the formation of a rotary transformer can according to a advantageous embodiment of the invention be provided that the primary conductor in a section in turns on one imaginary circular line is laid and that the coupling means for inductive Data transmission, so the transmission and / or Empfangsinduktivität with associated core, of at least one electric Consumer at a movement of the at least one electrical Consumer relative to the primary conductor along this imaginary Circular line are guided.

According to one advantageous embodiment of the invention can be provided that the number of turns of the primary conductor around the ferromagnetic Core of the coupling means for inductive data transmission the at least one electrical load larger or two, in particular greater than or equal to five, is. It turned out that this number of turns a favorable efficiency for the supply of electrical consumers with electrical energy results because between the points of power extraction of the primary conductor just laid simply and thus a lower current flows as in the range of motion of the mobile consumer, in which one Many times the current flows.

According to one advantageous embodiment of the invention can be provided that in the housing wall of the stationary device a connector part is arranged and the primary conductor has a matching connector part and over this to the ferromagnetic core of the stationary device connected. Thus, a fast connection of the primary conductor allows to the stationary device, wherein the primary conductor with a low production cost through a preferably shielded housing is feasible.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention can be provided that the portion of the primary conductor, which forms the windings around the ferromagnetic core of the coupling means for inductive data transmission of the electrical load is included by a rotary degree of freedom having rotary transformer, that the rotary transformer has wenigstes a connector part, are connected to the running inside the rotary transformer turns, that the remaining primary conductor has a matching connector part and is connected via this to the running inside the swivel joints and that the connector part of the Drehübertra gers identical and / or is designed to fit the connector part of the stationary device. It is therefore advantageous to assemble the primary conductor from prefabricated conductor sections which can be optionally connected as required to the coupling means of a stationary or a mobile consumer. Preferably, the housing of the rotary transformer are shielded and / or formed from at least two mutually rotatably mounted housing shells.

Further Advantages emerge from the subclaims. The invention is not limited to the combination of features of the claims. For the expert, further meaningful combination possibilities arise Claims and / or individual claim features and / or Features of the description and / or figures, in particular the task and / or by comparison with the state the technical task.

The Invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to figures:

It shows

1 a system with contactlessly connected to a primary conductor electrical consumers according to the prior art,

2 a rotary transformer according to the prior art,

3 a circuit diagram of a system according to the invention and

4 a stationary device of a system according to the invention.

In 1 is the schematic diagram of a system 12 with mobile electrical consumers 7 shown.

The system 12 has a generator 1 who is in a primary ladder 2 an alternating current of substantially, so apart from transients during load changes or switching into a power saving mode, constant amplitude and frequency impresses. The amplitude is in the illustrated embodiment 10 A and the frequency 25 kHz.

The primary conductor 2 is part of a part of a rotary transformer 3 , which also has a secondary inductance 5 which is inductive to the primary conductor 2 is coupled. To reinforce the coupling, a ferromagnetic core is provided, which is the primary conductor 2 in the coupling portion U-shaped at an angle of 180 ° along the circumference of the primary conductor cross-section surrounds. The secondary inductance 5 is connected to an electronic circuit 6 connected, which comprises at least one capacitor which is parallel and / or serial to the secondary inductance 5 is arranged and this adds to a resonant circuit, wherein the resonant frequency to the frequency of the in the primary conductor 2 impressed alternating current is tuned. To the electronic circuit 6 are over an energy bus 8th electrical consumer 7 connected via the secondary inductance 5 remove the electrical energy required for their operation from the primary conductor.

The rotary transformer 3 also has a transmit and / or receive inductance 4 on, also to the primary conductor 2 is inductively coupled and the modulation or demodulation of data signals on the primary conductor 2 or serves from this. The transmit and / or receive inductance is to the electronic circuit 6 connected, which includes at least one modem for converting digital data signals from or to the data bus 9 from or to the transmit and / or receive inductance 4 , To the data bus 9 are the mobile consumers 7 connected with other electrical consumers 7 thus over the primary conductor 2 to be able to communicate.

The rotary joints 3 provide a non-contact coupling to the primary conductor 2 ready, each having a common relative motion to an electronic circuit 6 connected group of electrical consumers 7 against the primary conductor 2 allows. This group of electrical consumers is collectively considered as an electrical consumer for the primary conductor 2 viewable.

2 shows the Funktionsssizizze a rotary transformer 3 according to 1 ,

On a rotatable machine part 10 are secondary inductances 5 and transmit and / or receive inductors 4 attached with respective cores. along the circular winding 11 a primary conductor 2 by rotating the machine part about its center are movable.

The turn 11 This is only hinted at. In fact, five full circular windings are made one above the other, and the connection of the rest of the primary conductor 2 is out of the drawing plane and does not hinder the turn 11 encompassing, U-shaped nuclei of secondary inductors 5 or the transmission and / or Empfangsinduktivitäten 4 in their circular motion.

3 shows an embodiment of the invention of a system.

The system 12 has a generator 1 for impressing an alternating current as described in the connected primary conductor 2 on.

The primary conductor 2 is from primary conductor sections 13 formed, which at their ends in each case an identical connector part 14 exhibit. These connector parts 14 are to build the system 12 as shown with corresponding mating connector parts 15 at the generator 1 , the rotary transmitters 3 or the at least one stationary device 16 electrically connectable.

For a branch of leadership of the primary leader 2 are the mating connector parts 15 alternatively with appropriately fitting T-pieces 17 connectable, to which the connector parts 14 the primary conductor sections 13 can be connected.

The rotary joints 3 have a first housing part 18 , with which a rotatable machine part 10 is rotatably connected. The rotatable machine part 10 has connection means 19 for an energy bus 8th and / or a data bus 9 on. Every rotary transformer 3 comprises an inductive transmission device for transmitting electrical signals from the mating connector part 15 of the respective housing part 18 to the connection means 19 of the rotatable machine part 10 ,

The rotatable machine part 10 surrounds the space of the necessary inductive coupling, ie in particular the space for the turns 11 of the primary manager 2 and the secondary inductance 5 and the transmit and / or receive inductance 4 , together with the housing part 18 forming a housing.

To the primary conductor 2 is also a stationary device 16 connected that in 4 is shown in more detail in a schematic sectional view.

The stationary device 16 has a housing, which consists of a floor 20 with an adjoining wall 21 is formed on the close to the outside a lid 22 is set.

ground 20 , Wall 21 and lid 22 are made of aluminum for shielding and forming a stable protection.

In an area of the wall 21 is a mating connector part 15 arranged to which from the outside a connector part 14 or alternatively a tee 17 is connectable. The thus connected primary conductor 2 is through the mating connector part 15 through the wall 21 guided inside and with a winding 23 connected.

Inside the stationary device 16 is a U-shaped core 24 arranged. The core 24 is with his back 25 on the ground 20 glued to the housing, the legs 26 . 27 of the core 24 with her loose ends 28 to the lid 22 of the housing.

The winding 23 is around a thigh 26 of the core 24 wrapped, causing a movement of the core 24 against the primary conductor 2 is prevented.

Around the other thigh 27 the core is another winding 29 wound to an output of a likewise inside the stationary device 16 arranged modems 30 connected.

Through the windings 29 . 23 and the core 24 is the output of the modem 30 Inductive to the primary conductor 2 coupled, and it can be modulated by the data processing unit not shown data signals on the primary conductor, so it can be sent to this and vice versa of this demodulated, ie receivable, and forwarded to this data processing unit.

The magnetic circuit of this coupling is at the ends 28 of the core 24 open, causing the magnetic field lines 31 escape in air. The lid 22 is from the ends 28 however, arranged so far away that the essential portion of the magnetic field lines 31 no eddy currents in the lid 22 generated. A distance of about 2 cm is already sufficient for this separation.

In the system 12 with non-contact, inductive data transmission from a primary conductor 2 via a transmitting and / or Empfangsinduktivität 4 with a ferromagnetic core 24 at least one against the primary conductor 2 mobile consumers 7 is proposed in a stationary device 16 a structurally identical core 24 provide to the primary conductor 2 is wound such that a relative movement of the stationary device 16 against the primary conductor 2 is prevented. This core 24 is with a secondary-side winding 29 provided to a modem 30 connected, being core 24 and modem 30 preferably from a shielded housing 20 . 21 . 22 Surrounding housing are surrounded. Prefabricated primary conductor sections 13 with connector parts 14 and mating connector parts 15 allow a modular design of the system 12 from parts of a construction kit.

1

generator

2

primary conductor

3

Rotary joint

4

Send- and / or receiving inductance

5

secondary inductance

6

electronic circuit

7

electrical consumer

8th

Energy Bus

9

bus

10

rotating machinery

11

convolution

12

system

13

Primary conductor section

14

connector part

15

Mating connector part

16

stationary device

17

Tee

18

housing part

19

connection means

20

ground

21

wall

22

cover

23

winding

24

core

25

move

26

leg

27

leg

28

The End

29

winding

30

modem

31

magnetic field lines

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 4446779 A1 [0002]
• - DE 102006054614 [0003]

Claims (14)

A data transmission system comprising a primary conductor and at least one electrical load, wherein the at least one electrical load is movable relative to the primary conductor along the primary conductor having at least one electrical load transmitting and / or receiving inductance for inductive data transmission from and to the primary conductor and the Transmitting and / or Empfangsinduktivität having a ferromagnetic core, wherein the ferromagnetic core in a portion at least partially surrounds the primary conductor and is movable along the primary conductor, characterized in that a stationary device is provided, that the stationary device is a transmitting and / or Receiving inductance for inductive data transmission from and to the primary conductor has that the transmitting and / or Empfangsinduktivität the stationary device have a ferromagnetic core that the primary conductor in turns around the ferromagnetic core of the sta wound around the ferromagnetic core of the stationary device windings, which are connected to a modem for inductive data transmission between the primary conductor and the modem. System according to claim 1, characterized, that the system has a generator, that the generator has a current, in particular a current of constant frequency and / or constant amplitude, imprinted in the primary conductor, that at least an electrical load a secondary inductance Has, which is inductively coupled to the primary conductor and the with at least one capacity to a series resonant circuit and / or a parallel resonant circuit is added, the Resonant frequency to the frequency of the in the primary conductor tuned stream is tuned, especially this one Frequency equals, and that the at least one movable electrical consumer via the secondary inductance from the primary conductor the electrical power required for its operation extracts. System according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the ferromagnetic core of the transmitting and / or Reception inductance of the stationary device identical to the ferromagnetic core of the transmitting and / or Empfangsinduktivität executed by the at least one mobile consumer is. System according to one of claims 1 to 3, thereby in that the stationary device one for in the data transmission and / or used to supply the at least one electrical load Frequencies shielded housing, that the case the ferromagnetic core of the stationary device and the modem surrounds and that the primary conductor to and from the ferromagnetic core of the stationary device passed through the wall of the housing. System according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the ferromagnetic core of the stationary Device is U-shaped. System according to one of claims 1 to 5, thereby in that the turns of the primary conductor around a leg of the ferromagnetic core of the stationary Device are wound and that the turns of the the modem connected turns around another leg of the ferromagnetic Core of the stationary device are wound. System according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the housing of the stationary Device aluminum and / or copper and / or copper alloys and / or at least partially from these materials is made. System according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the ferromagnetic core of the stationary Device in a winding-free section on a housing wall is attached. System according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the ends of the ferromagnetic core of the stationary device are arranged so that the outgoing and reentering magnetic field lines substantially at a distance from the housing wall within the housing run. System according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized characterized in that the number of turns of the primary conductor around the ferromagnetic core of the transmitting and / or receiving inductance of the at least one electrical load is equal to the number of turns of the primary conductor around the ferromagnetic core of the stationary one Device. System according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the primary conductor is laid in a section in turns on an imaginary circular line and that the transmitting and / or Empfangsinduktivität the at least one electrical load during a movement of the at least one electrical load relative to Primary conductor led along this imaginary circular line are. System according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized characterized in that the number of turns of the primary conductor around the ferromagnetic core of the transmitting and / or receiving inductance the at least one electrical consumer is greater or equal to two, in particular greater than or equal to five, is. System according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized characterized in that in the housing wall of the stationary Device a connector part is arranged and the primary conductor has a matching connector part and over this to the ferromagnetic core of the stationary device connected. System according to one of claims 1 to 13, thereby in that section of the primary, the turns around the ferromagnetic core of the transmitting and / or Forms the receiving inductance of the electrical load, from a rotational degree of freedom having rotary transformer is included that the rotary transformer least one Connector part, to which the inside of the rotary transformer running turns are connected, that the rest Primary conductor has a matching connector part and via this to the inside of the swivel joint Turns and is connected that the connector part the Drehübertragers identical and / or suitable for the connector part the stationary device is formed.