DE102008019320A1 - Heat exchanger, particularly exhaust gas evaporator for motor vehicle, has heat exchanger block and two axial termination devices, where heat exchanger block has axial inlets and axial outlets - Google Patents

Abstract

The heat exchanger (8) has a heat exchanger block and two axial termination devices. The heat exchanger block has both axial inlets and axial outlets. The units are arranged at the heat exchanger block for forming a form-fit connection with the axial termination devices. The units stand forth for forming the form- fit connection, partially axial to the outlets of heat exchanger block, such that they are arranged radially adjacent to the bearing shoulders of the axial termination devices.

Description

The The invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular an exhaust gas evaporator of a motor vehicle, with a heat exchanger block, with a first axial termination device and with a second axial termination device, wherein the heat exchanger block both axial inlet openings and axial outlet openings having.

Generic heat exchangers are known from the prior art at least to the effect that with you exhaust gases from internal combustion engines of motor vehicles can be cooled. In this context, for example, in the published patent application DE 10 2006 043 951 A1 a heat exchanger described that can be joined together as a simple Lötkonstruktion as possible in a single operation. The heat exchanger has for this purpose a plurality of flat-shaped tubes through which the exhaust gases are passed. The flat tubes can be flowed around by a coolant for cooling the exhaust gases flowing through them. In order to position the flat tubes to each other, all ends of the flat tubes are inserted into tube sheets, which are provided with appropriately trained passages. Subsequently, the ends of the tubes can be advantageously soldered together with the tube plates and other components of the heat exchanger in a soldering process, so that the heat exchanger is less expensive to produce.

Next Heat exchangers, by means of which exhaust gases a Internal combustion engine to be cooled, are becoming more frequent Heat exchanger required as an exhaust gas evaporator, which next to a hot exhaust side a cooling Include evaporator side, by means of which the heat energy from the exhaust gases after a suitable conversion, for example using a Rankine process, also used as mechanical energy can be. Compared to conventional heat exchangers for cooling exhaust gases occur at such exhaust gas evaporators due to significantly higher operating pressures in particular stronger mechanical loads.

From the publication DE 602 16 875 T2 For example, a fuel evaporator of a fuel cell system is known, which has an evaporator core, at the axial ends of which tapered heads are arranged. On the one hand, hot gases are supplied to the core via these heads, and on the other hand, they are discharged again after flowing through the core. The evaporator core has a layer structure of separating plates, ribs and spacer strips and solder foils for soldering the individual core components. In order to simplify the assembly of the individual components, the components of the core to be soldered together are held together by means of fastening straps. After the components of the evaporator core have been soldered by means of a soldering process, the fastening tabs are removed by machine. The heads are now mounted axially on the evaporator core manufactured in this way and welded to the evaporator core to the fuel evaporator. This two-stage manufacturing process from a soldering process and a subsequent welding process is very complex and therefore costly.

A generic fuel evaporator is known from the patent US 6,953,009 B2 known, which also has a substantially layered structure. This fuel vaporizer is used in a nearly identical fuel cell system, but the fuel vaporizer shown here has a somewhat different construction since hot gas supply means are not disposed axially on an evaporator core but radially. The individual layers are also soldered together here, where they must be held together with a soldering frame to remain in their intended position during a soldering process.

It Object of the present invention, a generic Heat exchanger continues to develop, so that On the one hand, such higher loads permanently stand held and on the other hand, a heat exchanger in a simple manufacturing process safe and with high dimensional accuracy can be produced.

The The object of the invention is a heat exchanger, in particular an exhaust gas evaporator of a motor vehicle, with a Heat exchanger block, with a first axial Termination device and with a second axial termination device solved, in which the heat exchanger block both axial inlet openings and axial outlet openings and in which on the heat exchanger block Means for forming a positive connection with the axial termination devices are arranged, wherein the means for forming the positive connection at least partially axially over the axial inlet openings and / or via the axial outlet openings of the Heat exchanger block stand out in such a way that they can be arranged radially adjacent to abutment shoulders of the axial termination devices are.

Advantageously, in the present case, by means of the means for forming the positive locking, hereinafter also referred to as positive locking means, it is possible to construct a heat exchanger, in particular the heat exchanger block of the heat exchanger, in a structurally particularly simple manner without having to accept substantial weight penalties due to a more massive construction. As a result, the present heat exchanger itself can withstand particularly high working pressures of more than 50 bar, so that the heat exchanger can also be used particularly well as an exhaust gas evaporator. Even high pressure differences, for example, between an exhaust gas side of the heat exchanger with about 5 bar and an evaporator side of the heat exchanger with, for example, 30 bar or more, the present heat exchanger due to the proposed positive locking means can permanently withstand.

For example This can be done with the help of a suitable refrigerant, which on the evaporator side of the heat exchanger by means the heat energy of the exhaust gases located on the exhaust side evaporates or superheated, in an expansion machine mechanical Energy, for example in a piston engine or a turbine, be won. The mechanical energy could be direct introduced into a drive train of a motor vehicle or to Drive of ancillaries, such as for driving a Generators for generating electrical energy, can be used.

In any case has the heat exchanger according to the invention despite a relatively low weight in an advantageous manner high fatigue strength by the heat exchanger block with the termination devices of the heat exchanger in addition by means of the positive locking means form fit connected is.

Especially However, in the present case, it is advantageous that it is produced by means of the invention Structure of the heat exchanger in a structurally simple manner manages a particularly simple and reliable soldering process with exceptionally good soldering results to ensure. This is partly because it's up Reason for the abutment shoulder for stacked components of the Heat exchanger is almost impossible especially in the stacking direction of the components, to a critical extent to relocate to the outside. This can be close Soldering gaps between the individual components guaranteed so that very good solder joints between the Components can be achieved. Furthermore may be on an additional positioning of the components be dispensed with, in particular on otherwise usual welding stapler or Solder racks to the components for the soldering process to fix.

Of the In the present case, the term "positive locking means" can be all Capture structures that are sufficiently far above one Edge of the heat exchanger block out to with suitably designed radial abutment shoulders and / or grooves the respective terminal device of the heat exchanger also be able to communicate positively.

Of the Term "contact shoulder" describes present any means of an axial termination device to which a component of the heat exchanger block can support radially, so that this component laterally to a critical extent not from a pre-set Able to move.

With the term "heat exchanger" is in the present case, any device is described by means of which process heat transferred from a first medium to another medium can be, so that the first medium are cooled in this case can. In particular, this heat exchangers captured by motor vehicles in the form of exhaust gas evaporators, the can be operated in an exhaust system. Preferably In this case, the heat exchanger block has an exhaust gas side and an evaporator side.

Under The term "exhaust system" is understood here any components through which exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine be passed after leaving the engine. So captured the term "exhaust system" also components of a Exhaust gas recirculation. Especially in such a Exhaust gas recirculation can be the exhaust gas evaporator described here be integrated advantageous.

Of the Term "heat exchanger block" describes an essential part of the present heat exchanger. The heat exchanger block in this case preferably comprises the components of the heat exchanger, which in Essentially a heat transfer from a first Medium, such as exhaust gases, to a second medium, such as a vaporizable Coolant, allow. For this purpose, the heat exchanger block at least exhaust ducts and coolant channels on, which are preferably arranged alternately side by side. A preferred embodiment provides that the heat exchanger block is made in a sandwich construction. The term "sandwich construction" is essentially self-explanatory, in particular in Connection with the exhaust gas evaporator described here is clear, That exhaust levels with coolant levels alternately in or are arranged on the exhaust gas evaporator. Often, for the Term "sandwich construction" also the term "disk construction" used.

The term "axial termination device" is understood to mean any device which can be arranged at the axial ends of a heat exchanger block in order to stabilize the heat exchanger block on the one hand and to fasten it in particular to radially acting pressure forces on the other hand, to give the heat exchanger overall a stable and firm conclusion, so that it can be easily integrated into an exhaust system.

The axial inlet openings and axial outlet openings describe in this context openings of a heat exchanger block, through which exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine at a first axial end the heat exchanger block in exhaust-side levels enter the heat exchanger block and on a another axial end of the heat exchanger block can exit from the exhaust-gas levels again.

The already explained means for forming the positive connection The heat exchanger block can structurally Especially easy to be provided when the means to make the positive connection of radially outer components the heat exchanger block are formed.

As already explained, the heat exchanger block preferably produced in a sandwich construction. Here can the heat exchanger in layers by means of individual Components such as laminations, exhaust duct levels and lateral spacer strips for spacing the laminations and exhaust duct levels, constructive be easily constructed by the individual components in appropriate Way cassetted with each other and then preferably be soldered together with axial termination devices. An advantageous structure for this purpose will be shown later explained embodiment.

Very certainly, the means for forming the positive connection can be radial be stored when the means for forming the positive connection in axially open grooves of the axial termination devices can be arranged.

Become the present positive locking means of the heat exchanger block in particular of radially outer components, such as such as outer laminations or end plates the heat exchanger block or external Spacer strips formed, the positive locking means advantageously by means of already existing heat exchanger block components to be provided. This allows the entire heat exchanger to be lightweight in weight and he has In addition, a very high strength. Especially with regard to thermal alternating loads and cyclic pressure loads on an exhaust gas evaporator are particularly high and good strength properties especially advantageous.

in the Connection with a very compact design variant it is advantageous if the radially outer components the heat exchanger block a shell form the heat exchanger block.

So it is further particularly advantageous if the means of forming the positive connection of spacer strips and / or laminations the heat exchanger block are formed.

It It is understood that the laminations, the spacer strips or other components of a heat exchanger block at the axial ends of the heat exchanger block can be made in different shapes. In particular, are the spacer bars of the heat exchanger block at its axial ends radially outward or radially to bent inside, can form-fitting means of the heat exchanger block be particularly simple.

The Present form-locking agents are particularly suitable in the present case good, a radial migration of components of a heat exchanger block to prevent, be it due to very high operating pressures or due to a strong heating of the components of the heat exchanger block in a soldering process. In any case, the Components of the heat exchanger block by means the positive locking means radially particularly well supported become.

Around in particular, such a radial migration of components in Stacking direction of the heat exchanger block to prevent it is advantageous if in each case an outer Component of the heat exchanger block radially support a suitably placed contact shoulder can.

In In this context, it is advantageous if the axially open Grooves of the axial termination devices an outer Nutschulter and / or have an inner groove shoulder on which the means for forming the positive connection are radially supported can.

forms beyond a radial abutment shoulder or an inner Nutschulter the axially open grooves an axial stop for components of the heat exchanger block, in particular for laminations, spacer strips and / or Connecting channels of the heat exchanger block, can be components of the heat exchanger block also axially simple to secure.

In order to be able to fix particularly securely at least individual components of the heat exchanger block in the axial direction, it is additionally advantageous if the heat exchanger block has axially acting securing means which radially over the heat exchanger block, in particular radially over the shell of the heat exchanger block, stand out. The axial securing means can be provided cumulatively or alternatively to the previously described positive locking means. Particularly advantageous are the axial securing means with respect to not yet soldered together components of the heat exchanger block, as by means of the axially acting locking means the risk can be reduced that the components of the heat exchanger block, in particular before or during the soldering of a heat exchanger axially move each other.

Similar As with the positive locking means, it is also in terms of axial acting securing means advantageous when the axially acting Securing means on the laminations and / or on the spacer strips are arranged. So can the axially acting securing means by means of already existing components of the heat exchanger block structurally simple to be provided.

In order to the axially acting securing means advantageous with the axial End devices of the heat exchanger interact can, it is advantageous if the axial termination devices radially opened locking grooves for the axially acting Have securing means of the heat exchanger block.

are the radially open locking grooves axially in front of the axial arranged open grooves, the radial open safety grooves easily on the axial termination devices be worked on.

Point an axially open groove of the axial termination devices and / or a radially opened locking groove of the axial Terminals on a Lotmitteldepot, is designed common soldering process of the heat exchanger as a particularly simple, because by means of such a Lotmitteldepots Advantageously Lot be provided to the soldering areas can.

A Another advantageous embodiment provides that the axial termination devices a connection flange for have an exhaust system of a motor vehicle. By means of a Such a connection flange can be a heat exchanger, in particular an exhaust gas evaporator, particularly advantageous in one Exhaust system to be installed. In particular, an axial termination device also directly comprise a diffuser of an exhaust system.

With regard to a concrete example, an exhaust gas evaporator can be designed in frame construction. Here are largely flat partitions as partitions between channels for two media, exhaust gases and refrigerant, the channels are closed to the outside with respect to the environment by frame, preferably largely rectangular strips. Exhaust gas channels of the exhaust gas evaporator are not closed in the longitudinal direction, so that an axial flow through the exhaust gas evaporator is made possible with exhaust gases. Refrigerant channels, however, are closed in the longitudinal direction by a preferably substantially rectangular bar, so that no exhaust gases can enter the refrigerant channels. The refrigerant passages communicate with each other through pipe-like communication passages passing through the exhaust passages. The exhaust gas evaporator is preferably ribbed on both sides, wherein the ribs on the exhaust side and on the refrigerant side divide strongly. On the exhaust side conventional exhaust radiator ribs can be used, for example, wavy executed rib, or rib ribs with a straight or oblique teeth. It is a key point here that an axial end of the exhaust gas evaporator, ie the exhaust gas inlet and exhaust gas outlet, is soldered as a flange or diffuser in a peripheral solder joint with a heat exchanger block, for example, the flange can enclose the outside of the block and the soldered outside circulating on the outside Block runs. Or the flange can be inserted inside. The flange or diffuser is preferably placed over the cassette-mounted block in the axial direction and fixes the block during the soldering process advantageous. In order to ensure a tight soldering gap, in this case, the strips must be fixed in addition to slipping inward in the rule, for. B. by a pre-assembly, each with a baffle to an assembly. Typically, compression of the assembly during the soldering process to ensure close solder gaps during the soldering process results in significant stack-up shrinkage. This shrinkage is particularly greater when solder pastes are used, in which the solder layer thickness is significantly reduced by outgassing of the binder during the soldering process. In this case, the flange must be plugged in and the circumferential connection runs on the inside of the "block wall" of dividers and strips. The dividers are then axially extended on the sides and also the outer strips are axially on the media channels, so that in this way two closed outer walls arise. These are preferably inserted into a groove running in the stacking direction in the diffuser or flange of the exhaust gas evaporator. In this way, an accurate positioning of the strips and separating plates can be achieved transversely to the stacking direction and there is transverse to the stacking direction in each case a narrow well solderable gap between the two side edges of the groove and the strips and dividers. The lowest separating plate in the stacking direction (separation of the lowest channel to the outside) is in the stacking direction on a shoulder of the flange or diffuser placed. The flange or diffuser has a further upper shoulder on which the uppermost divider plate in the stacking direction (separation of the uppermost channel to the outside) is placed. When Kassettieren the exhaust gas evaporator may initially be present between the top plate and about the flange, a gap that closes during the soldering process by the shrinkage. The result is a closed, circumferential lateral solder gap, which allows a dense and mechanically durable solder joint of block and flange or diffuser. In a variant of this, separating plates may have lateral projections (barbs) towards the outside and / or lateral projections inwards, which engage in a corresponding lateral groove, for instance of the flange, which runs in the stacking direction, and an axial fixation of the separating plates and the flange or diffuser enable. The dividers and frames are inserted in the stacking direction in the flange and there is a positive connection. Thus, it is prevented in particular during the soldering process that, for example, the flange can tilt axially, and it can be dispensed with a further fixation of the flange, for example by a soldering frame. Also strips and dividers are positioned and axially and laterally fixed, and there must be no pre-assembly to baffle / frame assemblies, for example by means of welding stapler done. With regard to manufacturability, it is advantageous if the barbs come to lie in the region of the flange or of the diffuser, in which a separating plate projection is no longer enclosed on both sides by the groove. Alternatively or additionally, barbs may also be formed on side strips of the channels. Furthermore, the side rails may be bent inwardly or outwardly at the ends to engage a corresponding groove in the flange to axially fix the flange during the soldering process. In all cases described, the flange or the diffuser can not be pushed axially as a rule, but the components are introduced during a Kassettierprozesses in the stacking direction radially into the flange. The groove can be made deeper than the insertion depth of the dividers and strips, whereby it can be used at the same time as a solder depot. This results in a particularly simple Belotungsprozess. In order to prevent the solder from being scraped out during cassetting, the groove, in particular in the axial direction of the exhaust gas evaporator, can be stepped, so that there is a stop for the inserted components and thus a protected solder deposit. Furthermore, the flange or the diffuser can extend as far as the beginning of the channels and form an axial stop approximately for a gas fin and an end strip which axially closes a coolant channel. Towards the inside of the channel, the ribbed plate can serve as a stop for this end strip, so that likewise no prefixing (for example by welding stapler) is required for this end strip. The flange or the diffuser can also axially fix a pipe segment or connecting channel, which serves as a passage for the refrigerant. A fixation in other directions can advantageously be done by a matching recess in the gas fin and / or by the longitudinal bar (sealing to the outside) of the Wärmetau shear. The media are preferably conducted in countercurrent. In particular, the refrigerant is preferably guided meandering through the coolant channel with a high number of deflections (10 to 300). After installation in the vehicle, the stacking direction is then preferably approximately horizontal. In a countercurrent architecture, the longitudinal axis of the exhaust gas evaporator with respect to the refrigerant guide is preferably arranged horizontally or rising. With a strongly increasing longitudinal axis of the exhaust gas evaporator with respect to the refrigerant guide (> about 15 to 45 ° relative to the horizontal with slender, elongated design or> about 45 to 70 ° with squat design), has the orientation of the stacking direction of the exhaust gas evaporator in the installed state usually only a minor meaning and can be largely freely chosen. The above-described design is particularly suitable for exhaust gas evaporator, but may also be suitable for other highly stressed heat exchanger applications, in particular for gas-liquid heat exchanger, such as exhaust gas cooler, charge air cooler, among others

Further Advantages, objects and characteristics of the present invention explained on the basis of the following description of the appended drawing, in which, for example, an exhaust gas evaporator with its components and shown with alternatively designed positive locking means is. Components which in the figures at least substantially with regard to their function in this case be marked with the same reference numerals, these Components not quantified and explained in all figures have to be.

It shows

1 1 is a schematic view of an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine of a commercial vehicle in which an exhaust gas evaporator or a plurality of exhaust gas evaporators can be integrated;

2 2 is a schematic exploded view of components of a heat exchanger block of an exhaust gas evaporator;

3A 2 is a schematic perspective view of a cassetted heat exchanger block;

3 schematically a perspective view of the cassetted heat exchanger block from the 3A with an attached flange,

4 schematically a perspective view of the flange of the 3 .

5 1 is a schematic longitudinal section of an exhaust gas evaporator in the height of a laminated plate of the heat exchanger block with positive locking means and an attached diffuser;

6 schematically a further longitudinal section of the exhaust gas evaporator from the 5 in the amount of an exhaust gas level of the heat exchanger block with an attached diffuser,

7 1 is a schematic view of an alternative connection between a laminated plate of a heat exchanger block inserted into a diffuser with positive locking means and with axially acting securing means;

8th 2 is a schematic view of an alternative axially acting securing means;

9 3 schematically shows an axially opened groove with a solder depot at an axial terminating device of an exhaust gas evaporator,

10 2 is a schematic partial view of a frame made up of spacer strips of a heat exchanger block;

11 1 schematically shows a further connection of an axial spacer strip and a radial spacer strip of a frame of a heat exchanger block,

12 schematically an alternative connection of an axial spacer bar and a radial spacer bar of a frame of a heat exchanger block, and

13 schematically another alternative connection of an axial spacer bar and a radial spacer bar of a frame of a heat exchanger block.

When in the 1 example shown interconnection 1 an internal combustion engine 2 of a commercial vehicle, not shown here, can / can be an exhaust gas evaporator 3 either in a main exhaust line 4 an exhaust system 5 and / or an exhaust gas evaporator 6 in an exhaust gas recirculation line 7 the exhaust system 5 be integrated. For both flue gas evaporators 3 and 6 it is a heat exchanger 8th (Here only by way of example with regard to the exhaust gas evaporator 3 numbered), which is a hot exhaust side 9 and a cooler evaporator side 10 having.

In front of the exhaust gas evaporator 3 is a turbine 11 in the main exhaust pipe 4 arranged, which is driven by the exhaust gases (not shown here). By means of the turbine 11 becomes the internal combustion engine 2 additional ambient air 12 via an air supply line 13 fed. In the supply air line 13 is a capacitor 14 whose function will be discussed later. Just before the engine 2 flows into the supply air line 13 nor the exhaust gas recirculation line 7 ,

By means of the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine 2 can be on one of the two exhaust gas evaporator 3 . 6 or on both flue gas evaporators 3 and 6 a coolant which is inside a coolant line 15 can flow, at the respective evaporator side 10 be heated or vaporized so that the coolant (not shown here) on one in the coolant line 15 provided expansion machine 16 can do mechanical work. In this respect, heat energy from the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine 2 especially at the expansion machine 16 be converted into kinetic energy. For example, the kinetic energy can be converted by means of suitable generators (not shown here) into electrical energy, which can then be used on the utility vehicle.

By means of the capacitor 14 can the coolant after passing the expander 16 which is a turbine in this particular embodiment, are advantageously cooled, before being subsequently cooled by means of a compressor 17 compresses the exhaust gas evaporators 3 and or 6 is supplied.

It is understood that on the exhaust gas evaporators 3 . 6 large pressure differences between the respective exhaust gas side 9 and the related evaporator side 10 can arise. Especially on the evaporator side 10 can easily create more than 50 bar pressure. These extreme pressure conditions can be permanently detrimental to the exhaust gas evaporator 3 and 6 and in particular adversely affect their fatigue strength. Therefore, the exhaust gas compressor must 3 . 6 are built to be particularly robust, but they are not allowed to build too heavy, since they are used in motor vehicles.

The exhaust side 9 and the evaporator side 10 are essentially by means of a heat exchanger block 20 realized, as he according to an exploded view 21 partly in the 2 is shown. It is easy to see that the heat exchanger block 20 layered in a sandwich construction 22 put together, being exhaust levels 23 and coolant levels 24 alternate with each other (see in particular also 3A and 3 ). Here are the exhaust levels 23 the exhaust side 9 and the coolant levels 24 the evaporator side 10 the exhaust gas evaporator 3 respectively. 6 ,

According to the exploded view 21 ( 2 ) are the following components 25 to recognize. As topmost and thus an external component 26 of the heat exchanger block 20 is an outer layered sheet 27 provided, followed by an exhaust passage 28 and an exhaust layer sheet 29 , which together create an exhaust level 23 form. In particular, the exhaust duct 28 has a ribbed structure to increase heat transfer. Below this is a coolant rib 30 and a coolant sheet metal spaced therefrom 31 , which together form a meandering coolant channel of a coolant plane 24 form. The coolant rib 30 serves to increase a pressure stability within the meandering coolant channel. Following this are again an exhaust duct 28 and an exhaust layer sheet 29 , which at the same time a lower outer layer plate 27 of the heat exchanger block 20 is provided, which is another exhaust level 23 of the heat exchanger block 20 form.

The exhaust duct 28 and the exhaust layer plate 29 are by means of two axial spacer strips 32 and 33 spaced apart.

The exhaust layer sheet 29 and the coolant layer sheet 31 are also by means of axial spacer strips 34 and 35 and additionally by means of radial spacer strips 36 and 37 spaced apart.

The axial spacer strips 32 to 35 They are characterized by being axially in the longitudinal direction 38 of the heat exchanger block 20 extend, whereas the radial spacer bars 36 and 37 transverse to the longitudinal extent 38 extend.

Further exhaust levels 23 and other coolant levels 24 of the heat exchanger block 20 can be constructed in the same way.

The coolant levels 24 are interconnected with connection channels 39 (here only exemplified), wherein on the heat exchanger block 20 a coolant inlet 40 and a coolant outlet 41 are provided.

The components 25 of the heat exchanger block 20 are according to the representation of the 3A and 3 at least partially cassetted, wherein a first axial end 45 of the heat exchanger block 20 axial inlet openings 46 for exhaust gases. At a second axial end 47 of the heat exchanger block 20 are axial outlet openings 48 intended.

At the second axial end 47 is according to the 3 already an axial termination device 49 in the form of a flange 50 (see in particular also 4 ) on the heat exchanger block 20 plugged.

At the first axial end 45 of the heat exchanger block 20 can as an alternative axial termination device 51 of the heat exchanger block 20 a diffuser 52 (please refer 5 ).

For an exceptionally good fit between the heat exchanger block 20 and the axial termination devices 49 and 51 to realize, has the heat exchanger block 20 Fit means 55 . 56 . 57 and 58 on, the axially in axially open grooves 59 . 60 . 61 and 62 the termination facilities 49 and 51 can be inserted.

The more horizontal form-fitting means 57 and 58 of the heat exchanger block 20 be in this embodiment by means of the two outer upper and lower laminations 27 of the heat exchanger block 20 formed by the two outer upper and lower laminations 27 over the axial inlet openings 46 or via the axial outlet openings 48 stand out axially.

The rather vertical form-fitting means 55 and 56 of the heat exchanger block 20 are structurally also very easily formed by the axial spacer strips 32 to 35 over the axial inlet openings 46 or via the axial outlet openings 48 stand out axially. In addition, on the remaining laminations 30 and 31 still axial noses 63 and 64 be provided in common with the spacer strips 32 to 35 the vertical positive locking means 55 and 56 can form.

Advantageously, at the positive locking means 55 to 58 and at the axially opened grooves 59 to 62 of the flange 50 (see especially 4 ) particularly reliable soldering of the heat exchanger block 20 and the axial termination devices 49 and 51 be made because the positive locking means 55 to 58 in the axially open grooves 59 to 62 are particularly well fixed. In addition, this advantageously a closed, circumferential lateral soldering gap can be provided. As a result, the production of the exhaust gas evaporator 3 . 6 exceptionally safe, so the risk of faulty soldering areas especially due to critical relative movements of the components 25 is almost impossible. This characterizes the present exhaust gas evaporator 3 and 6 in addition to the particularly high fatigue strength compared to conventional heat exchangers particularly. In particular, the stacked components of the heat transfer block can not critically migrate radially outward in the stacking direction, as the two outer upper and lower laminated sheets 27 in the top and bottom of the flange 50 opposite grooves 61 and 62 protrude into it.

The in the 5 shown coolant rib 30 points at the first axial end 45 of the heat exchanger block 20 the two axial noses 63 and 64 on, which is a component of the positive locking means 55 respectively. 56 form. These noses 63 . 64 are axially in the axially open grooves 59 respectively. 60 of the diffuser 52 plugged in, so that each of the noses 63 . 64 radially on an outer groove shoulder 65 (only with regard to the axially opened groove 60 numbered) and on an inner groove shoulder 66 can rest, creating a particularly secure radial support of the coolant rib 30 on the diffuser 52 is achieved.

In the axially open grooves 59 respectively. 60 of the diffuser 52 are on a different level (see 6 ) of the heat exchanger block 20 axial spacer strips 32 and 33 as positive locking means 55 and 56 the exhaust level 23 axially inserted, whereby the axial spacer strips 32 and 33 also from the outer groove shoulder 65 and the inner groove shoulder 66 can be supported radially.

In addition, the inner groove shoulder 66 in addition as an axial stop 67 (only with regard to the axially opened groove 60 numbered) can be used, by means of which components 25 of the heat exchanger block 20 axially can be additionally secured. As a result, can be dispensed particularly reliable on a soldering frame or the like. After the presentation of the 6 can by means of the inner groove shoulders 66 the exhaust duct 28 , the exhaust coating sheet 29 and even one of the connection channels 39 secured axially.

The in the 7 shown alternative coolant rib 30 has at a first axial end 45 both form-locking means 55 . 56 as well as additionally axially acting securing means 68 and 69 on. The axially acting securing means 68 . 69 stand like barbs radially over a shell 70 a heat exchanger block 20 and so can in radially open grooves 71 (For the sake of clarity, only with regard to the axially acting securing means 69 numbered) of a diffuser 52 engage, causing the coolant fin 30 is particularly well secured against axial slippage. The individual components 25 in this case are radially in the diffuser 52 inserted, preferably in the stacking direction transverse to the longitudinal extent 38 ,

While the axially acting securing means 68 and 69 directed radially outward, alternatively, radially inwardly directed securing means 72 ( 8th ) on components 25 a heat exchanger block 20 be provided.

It is understood that the spacer strips explained above 32 to 35 axially acting securing means 68 and 69 may have, by ends of the spacer strips 32 to 35 can be bent over.

It is particularly advantageous if at a groove 59 . 60 . 61 . 62 or 71 an axial termination device 49 . 51 like a diffuser 52 , in addition a Lotmitteldepot 75 is provided, such as with respect to the representation of the 9 shown. By means of the solder depot 75 can be a soldering area 76 can advantageously be supplied with solder, whereby the risk of a faulty soldering area can be further reduced. The solder depot 75 is as an additional recess of the axially open groove 59 formed, resulting in the axially open groove 59 immediately an axial stop 67 can be realized. Advantageously, a solder is within the Lotmitteldepots 75 safe from unintentional scratching out by other components.

In the 10 to 13 are different ways of soldering axial spacer strips 34 . 35 with a radial spacer bar 36 shown, by means of which a sufficiently stable inguinal frame 77 can be made.

At the first possibility 78 The radial spacer bar butt against the axial spacer bar 35 and is soldered. In this respect, no positive connection can be made in this case, so that the risk of insufficient solder connection exists.

At the second option 79 after 11 has the axial spacer bar 35 a valley 80 into which the radial spacer bar 36 can be inserted and then soldered. As a result, a positive connection can be realized.

At the further possibility 81 after 12 is a valley 80 an additional increase 82 provided, whereby an insertion depth, with which the radial spacer bar 36 in the axial spacer bar 35 can be inserted, increased. In this respect, this connection can absorb higher forces.

In an alternative way 83 is between the radial spacer bar 36 and the axial spacer bar 35 a swallowtail connection 84 provided, whereby the connection is particularly high quality. In addition, the handling of the spacer strips to be joined together is 35 . 36 already significantly improved before cassetting. In particular, this can be dispensed with weld stitching points.

1

interconnection

2

Internal combustion engine

3

first exhaust gas evaporator

4

Main exhaust line

5

exhaust system

6

second exhaust gas evaporator

7

Exhaust gas recirculation line

8th

Heat exchanger

9

name is exhaust side

10

cooler evaporator side

11

turbine

12

ambient air

13

air supply

14

capacitor

15

Coolant line

16

expander

17

compressor

20

heat exchanger block

21

exploded view

22

sandwich construction

23

exhaust gas level

24

Cooling center plane

25

components

26

outer component

27

outer layer sheet

28

exhaust duct

29

Exhaust layer sheet

30

Coolant rib / ridge for working medium

31

Coolant layer sheet

32

axial spacer bar

33

axial spacer bar

34

axial spacer bar

35

axial spacer bar

36

radial spacer bar

37

radial spacer bar

38

longitudinal extension

39

connecting channels

40

Coolant inlet

41

coolant outlet

45

first axial end

46

axial inlet openings

47

second axial end

48

axial outlet openings

49

axial termination

50

flange

51

alternative axial termination device

52

diffuser

55

Fit means

56

Fit means

57

Fit means

58

Fit means

59

axial open groove

60

axial open groove

61

axial open groove

62

axial open groove

63

axial nose

64

axial nose

65

outer groove shoulder

66

inner groove shoulder

67

axial attack

68

axial acting securing means

69

axial acting securing means

70

shell

71

radial open grooves

72

radial inward securing means

75

Lotmitteldepot

76

soldering

77

bar frame

78

first possibility

79

second possibility

80

depression

81

Further possibility

82

additional increase

83

alternative possibility

84

Dovetail joint

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102006043951 A1 [0002]
• - DE 60216875 T2 [0004]
• - US 6953009 B2 [0005]

Claims (14)

Heat exchanger ( 8th ), in particular exhaust gas evaporator ( 3 . 6 ) of a motor vehicle, with a heat exchanger block ( 20 ), with a first axial termination device ( 49 ) and with a second axial termination device ( 51 ), in which the heat exchanger block ( 20 ) both axial inlet openings ( 46 ) as well as axial outlet openings ( 48 ), and in which at the heat exchanger block ( 20 ) Medium ( 55 . 56 . 57 . 58 ) for forming a positive connection with the axial termination devices ( 49 . 51 ), the means ( 55 . 56 . 57 . 58 ) for forming the positive connection at least partially axially over the axial inlet openings ( 46 ) and / or via the axial outlet openings ( 48 ) of the heat exchanger block ( 20 ) protrude so as to be radially adjacent to abutment shoulders of the axial termination devices ( 49 . 51 ) can be arranged. Heat exchanger ( 8th ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the means ( 55 . 56 . 57 . 58 ) for forming the positive connection in axially open grooves ( 59 . 60 . 61 . 62 ) of the axial termination devices ( 49 . 51 ) can be arranged. Heat exchanger ( 8th ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the means ( 55 . 56 . 57 . 58 ) for forming the positive connection of radially outer components ( 26 ) of the heat exchanger block ( 20 ) are formed. Heat exchanger ( 8th ) according to claim 3, characterized in that the radially outer components ( 26 ) of the heat exchanger block ( 20 ) a shell of the heat exchanger block ( 20 ) form. Heat exchanger ( 8th ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means ( 55 . 56 . 57 . 58 ) for forming the positive connection of spacer strips ( 32 . 33 . 34 . 35 ) and / or of laminations ( 27 . 31 ) of the heat exchanger block ( 20 ) are formed. Heat exchanger ( 8th ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axially open grooves ( 59 . 60 . 61 . 62 ) of the axial termination devices ( 49 . 51 ) an outer groove shoulder ( 65 ) and / or an inner groove shoulder ( 66 ) on which the means ( 55 . 56 . 57 . 58 ) can be supported radially to form the positive connection. Heat exchanger ( 8th ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a radial contact shoulder or an inner groove shoulder ( 66 ) of the axially open grooves ( 59 . 60 . 61 . 62 ) an axial stop ( 67 ) for components ( 25 ) of the heat exchanger block ( 20 ), in particular for laminations ( 27 . 31 ), Spacer strips ( 32 . 33 . 34 . 35 ) and / or connection channels ( 39 ) of the heat exchanger block ( 20 ) forms. Heat exchanger ( 8th ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat exchanger block ( 20 ) axially acting securing means ( 68 . 69 ), which radially over the heat exchanger block ( 20 ), in particular radially over the shell ( 70 ) of the heat exchanger block ( 20 ) stand out. Heat exchanger ( 8th ) according to claim 8, characterized in that the axially acting securing means ( 68 . 69 ) to the layer ( 27 . 31 ) and / or on the spacer strips ( 32 . 33 . 34 . 35 ) are arranged. Heat exchanger ( 8th ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axial termination devices ( 49 . 51 ) radially opened locking grooves ( 71 ) for axially acting securing means ( 68 . 69 ) of the heat exchanger block ( 20 ) exhibit. Heat exchanger ( 8th ) according to claim 10, characterized in that the radially opened locking grooves ( 71 ) axially in front of the axially open grooves ( 59 . 60 . 61 . 62 ) are arranged. Heat exchanger ( 8th ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an axially open groove ( 59 . 60 . 61 . 62 ) of the axial termination devices ( 49 . 51 ) and / or a radially opened locking groove ( 71 ) of the axial termination devices ( 49 . 51 ) a solder depot ( 75 ) exhibit. Heat exchanger ( 8th ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axial termination devices ( 49 . 51 ) a connection flange ( 50 ) for an exhaust system ( 5 ) of a motor vehicle. Heat exchanger ( 8th ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat exchanger block ( 20 ) an exhaust gas side ( 9 ) and an evaporator side ( 10 ) having.