DE102008009775A1 - Large-area display device i.e. transparent multimedia facade, for building, has transparent elements with substrate on which lighting elements i.e. LEDs, are arranged, where power supply of LEDs takes place over conducting paths - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has transparent elements (1002.1-1002.4) with a transparent substrate on which lighting elements i.e. red, green and blue LEDs, are arranged. Power supply of the LEDs takes place over conducting paths on the transparent substrate. The conducting paths are made of electrically conducting and power transmission layers. The transparent substrate is made of glass i.e. lime-soda glass, and disposed over connections for the power supply and/or controlling the lighting elements over the conducting paths. The transparent elements are provided with a disk e.g. glass ceramic disk.

Description

The The invention relates to a display device, in particular a large-area Display device, especially a transparent media facade.

Out The prior art are large-area display devices become known, for example, as a large area Video displays for outdoor sports broadcasts or in the form of media façades consisting of lamellae. The single ones Lamellae are equipped with light sources such as light emitting diodes. The slats themselves are assembled into grids or nets. The network structures are very noticeable due to the thickness the individual slats of up to 20 mm or more. The network structures or slats can also be found in front of the facades of a building to be assembled. In the lamellae bulbs are preferably LED's integrated. With the help of the media facades, it is possible illuminate large surfaces of facades in many colors. So can on the large-scale display devices or media facades, color sequences or animated graphics be generated. It is also possible video images, for example moved television pictures on the display devices over a large area Facades run off. A disadvantage of the display devices, in particular the media facades according to the state The technique was that they were hardly transparent or a complex Construction needed and a variety of slats had to be mounted openly in front of the facades of a building. On the slats then the individual LEDs were arranged. The slats themselves were very susceptible to weather, in particular in extreme weather conditions such as wind and only consuming manufacture.

task The invention is thus a large area Display, in particular media façade indicate the disadvantages of the prior art overcomes, in particular their elaborate construction.

According to the invention solves this problem by providing a large area Display device, in particular a media facade at least one transparent element, wherein the transparent element at least comprises a transparent substrate and at least on a part the transparent substrate bulbs are mounted.

The mounting of the lighting means on the transparent substrate takes place, for example, as in the EP-A-1 450 416 described. The transparent substrate is transparent or quasi transparent in the visible range and in particular structurally arbitrary. The lighting means are applied according to the invention directly on a surface of the transparent substrate.

Under transparent substrates are in particular substrates, such as Glasses with a transmission ≥ 80%, very special preferably understood 90% in the visible wavelength range. The visible wavelength range is from 380 to 780 nm, preferably from 420 to 780 nm.

Under Quasi-transparent substrates are understood with a transmission in the range of 60% to 80%.

By the inventive construction of a large area Display device with a transparent optical element with at least one transparent substrate it is possible For example, to create a transparent media facade, the a view of the building or the building in front of which the media facade is still attached, At the same time avoids a complex lamella construction.

The transparent media façade can be designed to be itself is part of the transparent facade element, or as transparent media facade arranged in front of existing facades, for example is hanged. The bulbs are preferably made of organic or inorganic light emitting diodes. If you want the media facade, for example for playing TV pictures, so sets it is preferred in a first embodiment of the invention inorganic LED design as a bulb, all three primary colors of the video pixel (red, green and blue) in a single Create housing. Such LEDs are called RGB LEDs designated. Transparent large-area display devices, in particular, media facades with so-called RGB light-emitting diodes are suitable ideal with appropriate control of the individual LEDs for media projection, such as television pictures. In so-called RGB LEDs become in a single LED chip all primary colors of the television picture realized (red, green, blue).

An alternative embodiment of the invention consists of three closely adjacent LED's to arrange beard. One of the light emitting diodes emits red light, the other green light and the third blue light. The distance between the three LEDs to each other is in the range 5 mm. For the viewer in the distance with a distance greater than 1 m to the display device, this acts as a mixed point of light.

Particularly preferably, the lighting means, ie the individual light-emitting diodes for the viewer in the distance with a large distance to the display device inconspicuous, in particular invisible supplied with electricity and controlled. Suitable for this purpose, for example, transparent conductor tracks such as those in the EP 1450416 or even the WO 2006/018066 have become known.

The revelation content of the two writings WO 2006/018066 and EP-A-1 450 416 will be included in the present application in full. The tracks serve both the power supply as well as the control of the individual RGB light emitting diodes. With such a construction, the control line and the power line are the same, at least for one pole. The other pole of the light-emitting diode can then lie on a busbar.

Especially It is advantageous if the transparent conductor tracks from a transparent, electrically conductive and power-transmitting Layer exist.

Thereby can also handle higher currents these interconnects are transmitted, so that several Bulbs can be supplied via a conductor track. Preferably, however, an arrangement with conductor tracks is constructed in such a way that each individual light-emitting diode can be controlled individually, to create the corresponding images.

Next transparent conductor tracks with a transmission ≥ 60% in the visible wavelength range can also Tracks with low transparency, d. H. a transmission less than 60% are used, if the tracks according to narrow, d. H. are designed with a small width. such Conductor tracks are, for example, interconnects based on silver conductive paste.

The transparent element comprises in particular at least one substrate with illuminants arranged thereon, wherein the transparent substrate is preferably formed in the form of a disc. The transparent Substrate may be made of plastic or glass or a crystalline or a semi-crystalline or a ceramic or a partially ceramic Material, insbesondre iener glass ceramic exist. For example, would be conceivable acrylic glass as a plastic substrate or soda-lime glass or Gray glass or a low-iron glass, which preferably contains an iron oxide less than 0.05% by weight, preferably less than 0.03% by weight, than Glass substrate.

The transparent element is preferably designed as a composite element, d. H. above the transparent substrate with the bulbs a cover disc is arranged.

The transparent element may comprise a casting resin layer, which allows the transparent substrate with bulbs either directly attached to the facade or with the cover plate to connect, resulting in a kind of laminated glass pane. Alternatively via A compound with cast resin is also a compound with an adhesive film conceivable. Preferred for this purpose are PVB films related. The foils in the laminated glass between the transparent Substrate with bulbs and the transparent element that as Type cover disc is used, laminated, can also be a special film, for example a film containing liquid crystals is coated. Such coated with liquid crystals Foil allows the foil to be non-transparent in a transparent state by applying voltages to switch. This is a phase transition of the liquid crystals from an initially completely disordered structure, which makes the film appear cloudy in transmission, into an ordered phase that transmits visible light, switched. The slide will then appear transparent and no longer milky. The switchable foil can cover the entire surface of the Cover element or only part of it.

As an alternative or in addition to a film which contains liquid crystals, it is also possible to use as a film a film which comprises scattering centers. A film comprising scattering centers, for example, from the DE-U-200 009 099 or the DE-U-200 012 471 known. The films comprising scattering centers, for example a scattering layer, are suitable for visualizing projected photographs in the area of the scattering film.

to Contrast enhancement can be between the scattering foil and a the two laminated glass panes a gray film as a contrast enhancer be introduced.

Becomes the scattering film is formed as a film with liquid crystals, As described above, so can the projection surface from the scattering milky cloudy state of the switchable Form film with liquid crystals. Such a projection surface could then again, if no more projection is made, be switched to a transparent state.

The Projection screen leaves next to the large area display with the help of bulbs in the form of LEDs, the front and rear projection of images and in particular logos too.

If the transparent element is designed as a laminated glass element, then the lighting means can be laminated into a transparent film, for example an optically nonfunctional PVB film. This will be on WO 2004/106056 directed. The disclosure of this document is included in full.

alternative The film itself can serve as a carrier of the bulbs.

alternative For example, the cover plate can be connected to the transparent substrate be that the gap can be evacuated, resulting in a Insulating glass composite. When insulating glass composite it would be particular possible, heat protection layers and sun protection layers provided. For the display device, in particular the Media façade, it is of particular advantage when the interconnects divided into several circuits to power the bulbs are, in such a way that individual lamps can be controlled individually are. In this way it is possible on the large area Display device, in particular the media facade, video images to create. In such an application it is particularly preferred if the individual RGB light-emitting diodes in the manner of a matrix on the transparent substrate are arranged.

Around to prevent the light-emitting diodes in the direction of the interior the building in front of which the media façade is located, they can be shielded against the interior be. In particular, a rear-side radiation of the bulbs or light-emitting diodes in the building should be prevented. Alternatively to the shielding of a light emitting diode on all sides can also be used on one side emitting light emitting diodes become.

A Shielding would be possible through a very close Design of the pads that receive the individual LEDs on the transparent substrate. Alternatively, the transparent could be Substrate sandblasted or with a mirror effect in the area, in which the LEDs are arranged to be provided. Furthermore can lie with opposite of the light emitting diodes Mirror elements to prevent radiation into the interior.

For producing printed conductors, in particular also the transparent printed conductors, metal oxides are used in a preferred embodiment, for example ITO (InO _x : Sn), FTO (SnO _x : F) or ATO (SnO _x : Sb). Conceivable but are _x and ZnO: Ga, ZnO _x: F, ZnO _x: B, ZnO _x: Al or Ag / TiO _x. Particularly preferred is FTO (SnO _x : F), in particular SnO ₂ : F, since this material can be used in an insulating glass composite as a heat protection layer. The use of SnO ₂ : F as a heat protection layer is the "Thin Film Technology on Flat Glass" by Hans Joachim Gläser, pp. 155-p.199, Verlag Karl Hofmann, 1999 , the disclosure of which is fully incorporated into the application, described.

Of the Apply this conductive layer to the transparent Substrate is preferably by means of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD), dip coating, spraying, chemical or electrochemical coating, sol-gel coating.

For example, here are the spray pyrolysis, sputtering and sol-gel process called. The application by spray pyrolysis is particularly cost-effective, ZnO _x : F being preferably used as the coating material. If it is desired to achieve particularly good optical properties, the preferred method of application is sputtering.

alternative For this it is also possible that the conductive Layer of a vapor-deposited or sputtered metal like Al, Ag, Au, Ni or Cr, which is usually quasitransparent exists. Metal layers are preferred at high ambient temperatures Use.

The Tracks can also be made with the help of a fine conductor pressure for example, applied by silver on the transparent Substart become.

Under Transparent conductive layers are understood in the present Application layers with a transmission ≥ 60%, in particular> 70%, very preferably 80% in the visible wavelength range.

In order to obtain low-reflection systems, it is provided in a development of the invention to apply to the conductive layer a special reflection layer, for example a TiO ₂ , SiO ₂ , or a mixed layer of Ti _x Si _1-x O ₂ .

Preferably, the transparent element may comprise an anti-reflection layer to allow an unobstructed view through the transparent element. Such a coating for a highly antireflective glass, for example, the highly anti-reflective glass AMIRAN ^® Schott AG, Mainz. AMIRAN ^® is a dipping method for. B. on both sides interference optical anti-reflective glass with a residual reflection of only one percent. With the highly anti-glare glass, the reflection can be reduced by about 1/8 and thus an extraordinary transparency of the element can be achieved.

With Such glasses can be undesirable Mirror effects are practically completely excluded.

The conductive layer of metal oxide or metal can be both matrix-shaped as well as being arbitrarily structured. this makes possible the application of complex structures to the transparent substrate. This in turn allows for one and the same transparent substrate to apply a complete electronic circuit. The Structuring the conductive layer can after application by deliberately interrupting the layer, for example by means of a laser that locally heats and vaporizes the coating, be made. When using a laser for introducing the Structures in a full-surface applied conductive layer it is advantageous if the layer is in the range of the laser wavelength the laser used has a particularly high absorption and the substrate transmissive to this wavelength is. In such a system, virtually all of the energy input takes place into the conductive layer and the glass surface shows only minor injuries. In particular, you can in such a system, cracking in the glass surface be avoided.

alternative this is the structuring of a full-surface applied Layer using lithography and subsequent etching processes possible.

A Structuring is also conceivable, however, as early as during coating, For example, in vapor deposition using mask techniques, the Conductor tracks are applied in the predetermined structure.

Also Conductor structures made of silver layers are conceivable, for example such as silver conductive paste. The conductor tracks made of silver conductive paint are not necessary self-transparent, but they are so designed that they are inconspicuous to a distant observer are. Such an effect can be achieved by looking at the individual Tracks according to narrow narrow width forms.

It is particularly preferred if the conductor tracks, in particular of conductive layers, which can be patterned by using a laser, are so-called highly conductive layers, in particular of a metal oxide, in particular SnO _x : F, preferably SnO ₂ : F. Highly conductive layers preferably have a surface resistance ≦ 15 ohms / square (Ω / □), in particular ≦ 10 ohms / square (Ω / □), more preferably ≦ 8 ohms / square (Ω / □), particularly preferably ≦ 7 Ohms / square (Ω / □), more preferably ≤ 5 ohms / square (Ω / □).

The Layer thicknesses of these highly conductive layers amount preferably more than 150 nm, preferably more than 180 nm, in particular preferably more than 280 nm, particularly preferably more than 420 nm, especially preferably more than 500 nm, particularly preferably more as 550 nm. The transmission at one wavelength of 550 nm such layers is more than 82%, in particular more than 87%, in particular more than 89%.

In order to connect the light-emitting diodes or other electrical components on the carrier substrates, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, connection points, so-called pads, can be applied to the conductive layer or the conductor track made of highly conductive material. Such connection points comprise a conductive paste or lacquer, for example silver-conducting lacquer or silver-conducting lacquer paste. The application of the individual connection points can be effected by means of screen printing or stencil printing and subsequent baking, wherein such a method can be used in the case of the use of glasses as a transparent substrate at the same time for biasing the glasses. An advantage of such manufactured components is that particularly solid glasses can be obtained without an additional further processing step. Another advantage is that the application of the pads for the first time allows soldering on a transparent substrate. Alternatively to bonding by means of soldering on the conductor track, gluing can also be carried out. Unlike bonded joints, however, solder joints are more stable, longer-lasting and less sensitive to environmental influences such as humidity, heat, chemicals, etc.

Become all nearly invisible traces are not made of a transparent, For example, manufactured highly conductive material, but from a thin Silberleitlack, so can the Silberleitlack How the connection pads are made by screen printing or dosing from pad to pad. When dosing silver solder paste is using applied to a metering device.

To the Connecting the components or lamps or Light emitting diodes to the conductive layer of the carrier substrate via the connection points can be the placement of the carrier substrate with light-emitting diodes according to known standard methods from the electronics industry done by, for example by means of stencil printing on the individual Connection points or connection pads solder paste is applied. Subsequently, the light emitting diodes applied to the carrier plate. For this can a chip bonder can be used, which uses the individual bulbs attached to the substrate prior to the soldering process. After attaching the individual lamps, the carrier substrate then sent through a reflow oven. Alternatively, you can the equipped with a chip bonder LED's by a Wellenlötbad sent.

It But it is also possible by screen or stencil printing to apply a conductive adhesive to the carrier substrate, so that the bulbs or electrical components directly can be applied to the carrier substrate. It can be used both isotropic conductive, as well as anisotropic conductive adhesive become. At very small trace distance is the use of anisotropic adhesive is preferred.

Of the particular advantage of the present invention is the free structurability. This does not allow for on the carrier substrate only bulbs, such as light-emitting diodes as in the prior art can be applied, but also other electrical or electronic components. Here are all known electrical and electronic components into consideration, for example Sensors, discrete semiconductors, passive and active devices, resistors, Capacitors, coils etc. It is also possible that in Subareas an LC film using the conductive layer is controlled. Will not the whole with the conductive Coated area covered with LEDs, so can the LEDs also the entire control electronics or a part of the control electronics on the carrier substrate is applied. This is particularly advantageous if the display device used as a large-scale video display devices becomes. Large-area video display devices, which can be formed according to the invention, comprise more than 10,000 individual bulbs, preferably more than 100,000 lamps, more preferably more than 250,000 lamps, more preferably more than 1 million individual bulbs.

The large-area display devices, in particular the transparent media facades with a number of LEDs like previously stated, are preferably divided so that, for example 200, preferably 500, very preferably 750, more preferably 1000 or more individual LEDs associated with a control electronics are, wherein the control electronics on the transparent substrate is arranged.

A Such an arrangement has the advantage that the 1000 leads of the this control electronics associated with LEDs only the transparent substrate is guided in the form of conductor tracks Need to become. It is only necessary then the cables for the control electronics from the transparent substrate lead out.

The large-area displays according to the invention comprise display areas of more than 10 m ² , in particular more than 50 m ² , very particularly preferably more than 100 m ² , particularly preferably more than 1000 m ² , more preferably more than 3000 m ² , particularly preferably more as 5000 m ² . For example, on a media façade with an area of 4000 m ² one million LEDs are distributed. Since the transparent substrates of this size can not be produced, such large-format media facades are formed by individual module-like, juxtaposed transparent elements, each comprising a transparent substrate according to the invention. The modular design of the transparent elements makes it possible to produce an arbitrarily large display area.

Of the Advantage, the drive electronics applied to the transparent substrate, a plurality, in particular RGB light-emitting diode chips for the video presentation are assigned, lies in the simple wiring over the current state of the art.

In a particularly preferred embodiment will not only individual electrical or electronic components, such. B. Coils or capacitors applied to the carrier substrate, but additional boards or hybrid circuits with independent integrated circuits, for example, a power source or current control.

This is of particular relevance when used with RGB light emitting diodes become.

at the formation of a transparent element for a media façade is provided in a preferred embodiment that the bulbs protected by a second transparent substrate become. The LEDs are then between the transparent Carrier substrate and the other transparent substrate. In this way, the light sources can additionally from environmental influences, such as moisture and mechanical Shearing, being protected.

In a particularly preferred embodiment is provided that the further transparent substrate is likewise provided with a conductive, transparent layer is provided.

The transparent substrate can be both a glass and a plastic substrate be. It is particularly preferred when the glass substrate is cured and is biased. Particularly preferred glasses are soda-lime glasses Use.

In a particularly preferred embodiment is provided several carrier substrates with bulbs, z. B. LEDs to connect and contact each other.

Especially It is advantageous if the transparent element according to the Invention for a media façade of an insulating glass element, a so-called double-glazing unit (DGU), is. Under a double glazing unit (DGU) or an insulating glass element is understood as a glass element, in particular a glass element for use in the field of architecture, which consists of two glass elements spaced apart from each other. At least one of these glass elements comprises the transparent element, the has one or more lamps.

The an element containing the transparent element with one or more Includes light bulbs, can either a single-pane glass, a toughened safety glass or a teilvorgespanntes single-pane glass. Furthermore is it is possible that the transparent element, as described above, Part of a laminated glass, for example a laminated safety glass, both tempered safety glass and partially tempered glass may include. When laminated glass, it is possible that the Light-emitting diodes either directly on the conductive coating, applied to, for example, a pane of laminated glass is, are arranged or in the film, which is between the two Slices is introduced.

The second element of the insulating glass composite, which is spaced from the first Element is arranged, in turn, either a single-pane glass, a toughened safety glass, a semi-tempered single-pane glass, a laminated safety glass, a laminated safety glass comprising a toughened safety glass and a laminated safety glass comprising a partially toughened glass or a special glass like a mirrored one Glass, a decorative glass, a through-colored glass, a color effect glass with interference-optical coating, a heat-insulating glass or a solar control glass.

Of the Distance between the two elements in the insulating glass element is by a spacer, for example a metal spacer and a seal between the two, the insulating glass composite guaranteed forming elements. The distance A between the two opposite surfaces of the insulating glass composite is between 5 mm and 50 mm, preferably in the range 10 mm to 30 mm. Next to the spacer, be to the spacer seal against the disc-shaped elements, Provided sealing materials, preferably made of butyl rubber.

Under Disc-shaped in this application both flat as well as curved disc-shaped elements understood. In a disk-shaped element, the expansion is in the area defined by the disc 10 times larger as the thickness of the disc itself.

As described above, the second element that does not include the light-emitting diodes can now take many forms. For example, it would be possible, in a first embodiment for the second element hochentspiegeltes a glass, for example, the glass hochentspiegelte AMIRAN ^® Schott AG, the over non-anti-glare glasses reduces the reflection on one-eighth to use. Likewise, could color effect glasses, such as based on an optical interference effect coated color effect glass NARIMA ^® Schott AG are used. Furthermore, could comprise the second optical element by colored flat glasses, for example, the glass IMERA ^® Schott AG with structureless surface or a body-tinted glass sheet on one side a textured surface as the glass ARTISTA ^® Schott AG. Of course, it would also be possible to use a glass as the second optical element in the insulating glass composite, which is transparent in the visible range, but has a structured surface, for example a printed or sandblasted surface. Of course, the opposite pane does not have to be structured over the entire area of the transparent optical element with illuminants, coated with antireflection or formed as a color effect glass or decorative glass, but rather it is possible to design only partial areas of the glass opposite the element with light-emitting diodes.

The Invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawings, without being limited thereto. Show it:

1 a section of a transparent substrate for a transparent element of a media facade with arranged on the transparent substrate lighting means

2a - 2d the typical procedure for the production of a transparent substrate with lighting

3 a section of a transparent substrate for a transparent facade element

4 a section of a transparent facade element with a plurality of successively arranged transparent substrates with light-emitting diodes

5a - 5c different insulating glass unit with a transparent element that receives the bulbs and another optical element

6 a multimedia façade

In 1 is a transparent substrate, which acts as a support substrate for the light-emitting diodes of the transparent element is shown with applied conductive layer, which in turn was structured such that on the transparent support substrate 1 , Tracks 3 be formed. On the track 3 are individual connection points 9 arranged, of which one is shown here. The connection points 9 serve to the individual bulbs, such as light emitting diodes, in particular RGB light-emitting diodes conductive with the conductor track 3 to connect and thus ensure the same energy supply. The track, for example, from ITO or FTO (SnO _x : F) has a width d in the range of a few mm. Preferably, a soda-lime glass is provided as the carrier substrate.

In the 2a to 2d an inventive method sequence for producing a transparent substrate for receiving bulbs for a transparent element of a multimedia facade is shown. First, the transparent support substrate 1 coated with a conductive layer over the entire surface, for example in the sol-gel process.

• – InO_x:Sn – SnO_x:F – SnO_x:Sb – ZnO_x:Ga – ZnO_x:B – ZnO_x:F – ZnO_x:Al – Ag/TiO_x

Subsequently, according to 2 B structuring, for example by means of a laser, which locally heats the coating and evaporates it. In this way, both large-area conductive areas as individual tracks can be produced. The carrier substrates, which are patterned with the aid of a laser, preferably comprise a conductive layer which has a high absorption in the region of the laser wavelength of the laser used and a substrate which is transmissive at this wavelength. In such a system, the glass layer has only minor injuries. In particular, the cracking in such systems can be largely avoided. The conductive layer is particularly preferably a highly conductive metal oxide layer as described above. Materials of this highly conductive layer may be:
one or more of the following metal oxides:

• InO _x : Sn - SnO _x : F - SnO _x : Sb ZnO _x : Ga - ZnO _x : B - ZnO _x : F - ZnO _x : Al - Ag / TiO _x

The highly conductive coating preferably has a sheet resistance R _{≦ ≦} 15 ohms / square (Ω / □), in particular ≦ 10 ohms / square (Ω / □), in particular ≦ 9 ohms / square (Ω / □), in particular ≦ 7 ohms / square (Ω / □), in particular ≤ 5 ohms / square (Ω / □). The layer thicknesses of the highly conductive layers are preferably more than 150 nm, preferably more than 180 nm, more preferably more than 280 nm, more preferably more than 420 nm, more preferably more than 500 nm, most preferably more than 550 nm a wavelength of 550 nm of such layers is more than 82%, in particular more than 87%, very particularly preferably more than 89%. Another advantage of SnO _x : F, especially the SnO ₂ layer, is that it not only acts as a conductive layer but also as a thermal barrier coating. The characteristics of the individual regions of the substrate are in 2 B with the reference numbers 11.1 - 11.3 designated. According to the structuring according to 2 B subsequently be in the fields 13.1 - 13.4 individual connection points, so-called connection pads 9 applied. The connection pads 9 comprise a conductive paste or lacquer, for example silver-conductive lacquer or silver paste, and is applied to the conductive substrate by means of screen printing or stencil printing and then baked. By baking, at the same time, pretensioning of the transparent substrate, in particular of the transparent glass substrate, can take place. As a result, a high mechanical strength is achieved in a single process step. As an alternative to screen or stencil printing, the solder can be applied by means of dosing.

After applying the contacts in the different areas 13.1 - 13.4 these will be as in 2d presented, equipped with a standard method, for example, by solder paste on the connection pads 9 , For example, by means of stencil printing applied. The light-emitting diodes (LEDs) 4 are then applied to the carrier plate, wherein a chip special can be used, the light-emitting diodes 4 attached to the substrate prior to the soldering process. After attaching the individual LEDs, the carrier substrate 1 with the light-emitting diodes mounted on it through a reflow oven or through a wave solder bath.

In one embodiment of the invention, a glass substrate, typically a soda lime glass, is coated with a fluorine doped tin oxide (SnO _x : F). The application of the coating takes place as follows:
A soda-lime glass as a transparent substrate is heated to 500 ° C. The glass is then sprayed with monobutyltin chloride and hydrofluoric acid in ethanol, the spray solution having the following composition: monobutyltin chloride 70% ethanol <30% hydrofluoric acid 0.4%

To the soda-lime glass comprises a transparent, fluorine-doped tin oxide layer.

The Coating is separated by a laser in tracks. With Help of a doctor blade is silkscreened by screen printing, z. B. Cerdec SP 1248 applied. The paste Cerdec 1248 is in one Continuous oven dried at 140 ° C for 2 min and then by a tempering system at about 700 ° C for a soda-lime glass baked and tempered. Subsequently commercially available solder paste is applied by stencil printing and equipped with LEDs. At the following reflow soldering The loaded substrate is heated to 120 ° C for 2 minutes preheated and then at 235 ° C for 5 s heated. Then it is slowly cooled.

Prefers are used as light-emitting diodes so-called. RGB light-emitting diodes. For RGB LEDs These are light emitting diodes, all three basic colors of a Video pixels, namely red, green and blue in a single Create housing. With the help of such light-emitting diodes It's very easy, moving pictures, for example To create television pictures on the multimedia facade. To be favoured For this purpose, the individual RGB LEDs individually controlled, with the help of a computer such as moving television pictures to produce on the media facade.

The Pattern with which the RGB LEDs on the transparent element, that is applied as a carrier substrate is preferred a regular pixel pattern.

Naturally The media façade can also be equipped with simple LEDs which are then used to generate illumination patterns, e.g. B. ongoing or create changing pictures.

In 3 an embodiment of the invention is shown in which a transparent element comprising a carrier substrate 1 in different tracks 13.1 . 13.2 . 13.3 is structured, wherein on or to the tracks, light-emitting diodes 4 with the help of in 2a - 2d was applied described method. In addition to the LEDs 4 , which are preferably formed as RGB LED chips, the carrier substrate also contains other electronic components, such as computer chips 23 the one single control of the RGB LED chips 4 enable.

In 4 an alternative embodiment of the invention is shown. In this embodiment of the invention, instead of light emitting diodes, which are arranged on a single carrier element and designed as so-called. RGB light-emitting diodes, a plurality of transparent substrates arranged one behind the other, resulting in the transparent element for the media facade, wherein different substrates equipped with different light-emitting LEDs are. In the in 4 illustrated embodiment, the transparent element comprises 200. , which is used as a façade element, a total of four substrates, here the four transparent panes 202.1 . 202.2 . 202.3 and 202.4 which are arranged one behind the other. For the transparent substrates 202.1 . 202.2 . 202.3 these are substrates that contain conductive tracks 204.1 . 204.2 . 204.3 to the respective bulbs, here light-emitting diodes 208.1 . 208.2 . 208.3 . 208.4 . 208.5 . 208.6 are provided. At the transparent disc 202.4 it is a cover disk of the element 200. , We held together the element 200. for example, by parentheses 206.1 . 206.2 , A casting of the individual panes together in the form of a laminated glass pane, for example with cast resin or an adhesive film would be possible. The light-emitting diodes 208.1 . 208.2 . 208.3 . 208.4 . 208.5 . 208.6 are on the different transparent substrates 202.1 . 202.2 . 202.3 . 202.4 offset from one another, but all with the emission side in the same direction, so that in the direction 210 a higher radiation than in the direction 212 results. The direction 210 is a preferred direction of radiation. If the laminated glass pane is designed with a foil, the light-emitting diodes can not only be applied to the substrate, but also be introduced into the foil.

The LEDs of the various substrates can emit light at different wavelengths, so that even colored representations are possible, as with RGB LED chips. For example, the light-emitting diodes 208.1 red light emitting light emitting diodes, the light emitting diodes 208.2 green light emitting light emitting diodes and the light emitting diodes 208.3 be blue light emitting light emitting diodes. The LEDs can also be controlled individually, for example when the tracks to the individual LEDs individually from the element 200. be led out. In this way it is possible also with a construction, as in 4 shown to produce running pictures or changing pictures for a media façade.

The transparent element with illuminant, for example the transparent one Substrate with bulbs, can also be used in insulating glass composites be used. This is another element with the transparent Element connected to bulbs via spacers. Between the other element and the transparent element with Bulbs is either vacuum or a filling glass, in particular an inert filling gas such as argon.

In the 5a to 5c different insulating glass units are shown. 5a shows an insulating glass element. The insulating glass element according to 5a consists of a laminated glass element 500 as well as a mono disc 510 , The laminated glass element 500 consists of a transparent substrate 520 with conductive coating applied thereon 530 , On the conductive coating 530 are the bulbs 540 applied. On the opposite side of the substrate is a second disc 560 provided, which covers the transparent substrate in a kind of cover plate. In the space between transparent element with conductive layer of the opposite second disc is a casting resin 570 introduced so that the laminated glass element results. But the laminated glass element may also be such, in which a film, the z. B. can carry the bulbs, between the discs, that is, the transparent substrate and the opposite second disc is introduced. In addition to the light-emitting means, it is also possible to introduce between the two panes a further foil, for example a foil with liquid crystals, which can be switched between two states.

It would also be possible to provide a part with a foil comprising scattering bodies instead of a foil containing liquid crystals, for example in order to provide a projection surface for an up or a back projection. The distance A between the inner surfaces 580 . 590 the two elements 500 . 510 , ie here the laminated glass pane 500 and the single-disc element 510 that the insulating glass element 600 form, is between 55 mm, preferably in the range between 10 mm and 30 mm, in particular 16 mm. The distance between the laminated glass element and the monoblock is maintained by a piece of metal, preferably of aluminum. The spacer 610 is sealed against the disk-shaped elements, with the aid of a sealing material 620 , which preferably consists of a butyl rubber. The complete sealing of the gap between the first and second disk-shaped element is through below the spacer element 610 applied butyl rubber 630 reached. Between the first 500 and the second disc-shaped element 510 is preferably a gaseous medium.

In the case of increased thermal requirements, in particular a noble gas medium is used here. The noble gas medium may comprise, for example, the elements argon or xenon or krypton. Furthermore, in 5a the surfaces typical for an insulating glass element and the sides facing the outside, ie facing the facade of the weather side and the inside, ie the side facing the building. The laminated glass element which faces the outside comprises surfaces F1 and F2, the mono-disk facing the building, the surfaces F3 and F4.

In order to obtain a particularly transparent element, it can be provided that z. B. the surface F4 is provided with an antireflection coating, for example, as in the flat glass AMIRAN ^® . On the surfaces F2 and F3 heat protection layers, such as soft coating, based on silver layers or even hard coatings, based on SnO _x : F or sun protection layers may be applied. In order to achieve a color effect, it can be provided that a pane of the composite element or the mono-pane is a colored glass. Here decorative glass would also be possible.

In 5b is a similar structure as in 5a however, in the case of the laminated glass element, the lighting means 740 in a foil 702 are placed between the two discs 720 . 760 the laminated glass element is laminated. Otherwise, it is a same structure as in 5a , and the same reference numerals are increased for the same components 200. , used.

In 5c is a construction of an insulating glass element with two laminated glass panes 800 . 900 shown. In such a construction, for example, in the laminated glass element 800 that lies outside, the bulbs 840 be introduced. Instead of the mono-disk, the glass pane facing the inside again has a laminated glass element 900 from two slices 904 . 906 which, of course, can also comprise more than two panes, for example three panes. The laminated in this laminated glass element film 908 For example, a foil 908 with liquid crystals to switch back and forth between two states, namely a scattering or cloudy state and a transmissive state, or at least in the area of a film provided with scattering bodies, which allows the possibility of up or rear projection. Otherwise are in 5c again the same components with the same reference numerals. The distance between the two laminated glass elements resulting in the insulating glass element is maintained by a piece of metal, preferably made of aluminum.

The transparent element according to the invention with transparent Substrate may be part of, preferably as a modular component of a facade construction a multi-media facade or one, large-area display with Areas starting at 10, 20, 50, 100, 1000, 3000 square meters and find more use. The individual transparent elements have Sizes of, for example, 2 × 2 m, 5 × 5 m, 10 × 10 m.

In 6 a media facade according to the invention is shown. The media facade is the reference number 1000 , However, the media façade comprises at least one in the illustrated embodiment, a plurality of four transparent elements are shown here 1002.1 . 1002.2 . 1002.3 . 1002.4 according to the invention with light-emitting diodes, for example, to a specific facade body 1010 For example, a building with interior are mounted with the usual art fasteners. The elements according to the invention can be constructed as in 3 . 4 or 5a -C shown. It is important that the transparent elements include light sources that can be arranged on transparent substrates. The transparent elements are preferably standard elements with an area of, for example, 2 × 2 m, preferably 4 × 4 m or else 10 × 10 m. For example, the four transparent elements would then have a display area of 20 square meters if each individual transparent element had an area of 10 × 10 meters.

The individual facade elements 1002.1 . 1002.2 . 1002.3 . 1002.4 all comprise a multiplicity of light-emitting diodes, preferably RGB light-emitting diode chips, which are individually controlled and generate live images 1050, such as, for example, television images on the front of the transparent media facade.

With The invention makes it possible transparent media facades offering, on the one hand, a transparency in and out the building, on the other hand by a very simple, very maintenance-free construction compared to existing media facades distinguish the state of the art.

Of Furthermore, the losses can be minimized when as Conductor for the supply of individual LEDs highly conductive interconnects are used, which are characterized by low Distinguish losses. Such interconnects preferably have one Sheet resistance less than or equal to 15 ohms / square (Ω / □). The highly conductive tracks have compared to low-conductivity Tracks or layers have the advantage that they do not get warm and so dyeings or a detachment from the transparent Substrate can be avoided.

Of Further, a glass with highly conductive tracks or highly conductive Layers are coated, for example, by an anti-reflective coating.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - EP 1450416 A [0005, 0012]
• - EP 1450416 [0011]
• WO 2006/018066 [0011, 0012]
• - DE 200009099 U [0019]
• - DE 012471 U [0019]
• WO 2004/106056 [0023]

Cited non-patent literature

• - "Thin Film Technology on Flat Glass" by Hans Joachim Gläser, pp. 155-p.199, Verlag Karl Hofmann, 1999 [0028]

Claims (27)

Transparent large area display device, in particular media facade comprising at least one transparent Element, wherein the transparent element at least one transparent Substrate comprises and one or more bulbs. Transparent large area display device, in particular media facade according to claim 1, wherein the Bulbs are light emitting diodes, which are on the transparent substrate are arranged. Transparent large area display device, in particular media facade according to one of the claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the power supply of the lighting means Conductors on the transparent substrate takes place. Transparent large area display device, in particular media facade according to claim 3, characterized characterized in that the conductor tracks of an electrically conductive and power-transmitted layer. Transparent large area display device, in particular media facade according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the conductor tracks transparent are formed. Transparent large area display device, in particular media facade according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the transparent substrate made of glass, especially soda-lime glass. Transparent media facade according to a of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the transparent Substrate via connections for the power supply and / or controlling the lighting means via the conductor tracks features. Transparent large area display device, in particular media facade according to one of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the LEDs so-called. RGB light-emitting diodes are, which produce with the help of controls any images can. Transparent large area display device, in particular media facade according to one of the claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the bulbs in the transparent Element are integrated. Transparent large area display device, in particular media facade according to one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the transparent substrate disc-shaped, in particular flat or curved. Transparent large area display device, in particular media facade according to one of the claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the transparent element a cast resin layer. Transparent large area display device, in particular media facade according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the transparent element is a film includes. Transparent large area display device, in particular media façade according to claim 12, characterized in that that the film comprises the bulbs. Transparent large area display device, in particular media facade according to one of claims 12 to 13, characterized in that the film liquid crystals includes. Transparent large area display device, in particular media facade according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the film comprises scattering centers. Transparent large surface display device, in particular media facade according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the transparent element comprises at least one further disc, wherein the further disc is selected from one of the following discs: - anti-reflection mono disc - Laminated glass pane - Decorative glass pane - Mono pane of a color effect glass - Heat protection glass pane - Solar control glass pane - Mono pane with a structured glass surface. Transparent large area display device, in particular media facade according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the transparent element is part of a Insulating glass composite is. Transparent large area display device, in particular media facade according to one of the claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the conductor tracks more Circuits for power supply and / or for controlling the bulbs form, so that individual bulbs are individually controlled. Transparent large area display device, in particular media facade according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the lighting means on the transparent substrate form a dot matrix. Transparent large area display device, in particular media facade according to one of the claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the power supply of the lighting means can be connected to a computer, the individual circuits freely programmable controls. Transparent large-area display device, in particular media facade according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the transparent conductor tracks are highly conductive conductor tracks, with a resistor R _☐ ≤ 15 Ohms / square (Ω / ☐), in particular ≤ 10 Ohms / square (Ω / ☐ ), in particular ≦ 9 ohms / square (Ω / □), in particular ≦ 7 ohms / square (Ω / □), in particular ≦ 5 ohms / square (Ω / □), Transparent large area display device, in particular media facade according to one of the claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the transparent layer, in particular the conductor track has a layer thickness ≥ 150 nm, preferably ≥ 180 nm, particularly preferably ≥ 280 nm, particularly preferably ≥ 500 nm, particularly preferably ≥ 550 nm. Transparent large area display device, in particular media facade according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the transparent layer, in particular the transparent conductive layer of the conductor track comprises one or more of the following metal oxides: InO _x : Sn - SnO _x : F - SnO _x : Sb ZnO _x : Ga - ZnO _x : B - ZnO _x : F - ZnO _x : Al - Ag / TiO _x Transparent large area display device, in particular media facade according to one of the claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the conductor tracks on the transparent substrate are thin metallic tracks, preferably made of silver. Transparent large area display device, in particular media facade according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the transparent large area display device an area of more than 10 square meters, in particular more than 50 square meters, especially more than 100 square meters, in particular more than 1000 square meters, in particular more than 3000 square meters, in particular more than 5000 square meters. Large area display device according to one of claims 1 to 25, characterized characterized in that the large area display device comprises a multitude of transparent, modular elements, resulting in the display area. Transparent large area displays, in particular transparent media facade according to one of the claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the large area display device more than 10,000 individual bulbs, preferably more than 100,000 individual lamps, in particular more than 150,000 individual lamps, more preferably more than 1 million individual bulbs includes.