DE102008007936A1 - Exhaust gas cleaning system for propellant combustion rocket engine i.e. liquid-fuel rocket engine, has engine and nozzle parts guided with catalytic active materials contacting exhaust gases and coated with catalytic active materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has engine and nozzle parts guided with catalytic active materials contacting exhaust gases and coated with the catalytic active materials. Gas temperature and composition of the materials are changed in a process operation to allow catalysts to exhibit different compositions in a combustion chamber and an exhaust gas nozzle of a rocket engine. Different measures are provided for recovering of mixtures of components to improve catalytic processes in the combustion chamber and in the nozzle.

Description

The The following invention relates to environmental protection, in particular Exhaust system for all types of liquid missile engines - continue FRT called.

Aim:

The use of a catalytic emission control system to reduce the emission of the pollutant in exhaust gases. (NOx, CO, CnHm)
The set goal is achieved by an optimal system of fuel combustion.

State of the art.

The Reduction of pollutant emissions is a result of using optimal Fuel-oxygen ratios and temperature regime in the combustion chamber and on the catalyst

(Catalyst is in the combustion chamber).

at Catalyst application is known ceramic or metallic To use catalyst carriers that with a suitable Catalyst are coated.

catalyst optimizes chemical reaction in the combustion chamber and should, for better result, to be used in optimal conditions.

at Temperatures below the optimum reaction range will be the Rate of catalytic reaction is slowly reached (low heat and directional effect). In the case, warm at temperatures above the optimum temperature range, the catalytic reaction due to damage to the catalyst and ceramic Remove catalyst carrier. (eg sintering).

at different engine loads, are different exhaust gas temperatures and also chemical compositions have been found. The temperature changes also on the whole way in the exhaust system.

To Now there is no known catalyst (in one) that is a normal one Activity over the entire temperature range and shows the different compositions of the exhaust gas. This makes a whole series of catalyst coatings necessary. Exhaust system and engine parts are to be arranged in a row, where one of the catalysts at the beginning of the exhaust system at higher Temperature has the highest efficiency.

The Existing work done by FRT solves the task of environmental protection only partially because the incomplete Fuel combustion guarantees an environmental pollution. (eg Rocket fuel (-Dimethylhidrasin) destroys ozone The atmosphere)

Of the Invention is based on the object, a new method to a catalytic exhaust system and to use a combustion chamber through that the above mentioned problems are solved ..

Of the Advantage of the invention is that a combustion and exhaust system can work more effectively with the proposed catalytic system.

Furthermore allows this invention, the fuel, even at low Temperature behavior, to burn more fully and a qualitative bring about higher environmental protection.

That also allows the use of cheap materials in the Construction.

For the purpose of environmental protection, increase of specific performance and thrift becomes the contact surface of the combustion chamber of FRT and / or exhaust system (eg: the rocket combustion chamber and / or the nozzle body) or the parts of the combined Rocket engine with catalytic coating provided or built from catalytic material.

The different catalysts have different optimal temperature ranges.
Some catalysts are more effective at higher temperatures, others at lower temperatures.
The exhaust gases cool down along the exhaust system.

The work of rocket engines (FRT) is usually dominated by the excess of one of the components (fuel or oxidant)
The use of the combustion catalyst makes it possible to bring the course of the reaction closer to the stoichiometric specifications.
It reduces the amount of harmful exhaust emissions and makes the combustion reaction. economical.

The Use of special coatings and special exhaust nozzle shapes improves both the heat exchange and the chemical combustion reaction.

It is the equipment and methods of improvement of heat exchange at the combustion chambers for FRT << US 5221045 . RU 2 273755C2 >> known.

The same procedure and installation are also for the purpose of improving the mass exchange for the purpose of improving the function of the catalyst installed inside the exhaust.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

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Cited patent literature

• - US 5221045 [0018]
• - RU 2273755 [0018]

Claims (1)

Plant for fuel burning FRT emit the NOx, CO, CnHm-containing exhaust gases. 1. In order of environmental protection and unit performance increase Engine and nozzle parts that contact with the exhaust gases made of catalytically active materials or with coated this. 2. Plant according to claim 1, wherein the catalysts in the combustion chamber and the exhaust nozzle of the FRT each different Composition has, since the gas temperature and composition itself change in the course of the process. 3. Plant according to claim 1 and 2, wherein for the improvement of the catalytic processes in the combustion chamber and in the nozzles different measures for improving the mixing of the components (for example; special shape of the thruster body, optimal roughness and etc.)