DE102007053130A1 - Internal combustion engine with exhaust system - Google Patents
Internal combustion engine with exhaust system Download PDFInfo
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- DE102007053130A1 DE102007053130A1 DE102007053130A DE102007053130A DE102007053130A1 DE 102007053130 A1 DE102007053130 A1 DE 102007053130A1 DE 102007053130 A DE102007053130 A DE 102007053130A DE 102007053130 A DE102007053130 A DE 102007053130A DE 102007053130 A1 DE102007053130 A1 DE 102007053130A1
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- exhaust gas
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- exhaust
- hot gas
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 186
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 73
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 38
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 14
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2033—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using a fuel burner or introducing fuel into exhaust duct
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
- B01D53/9454—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific device
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/0205—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using heat exchangers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2882—Catalytic reactors combined or associated with other devices, e.g. exhaust silencers or other exhaust purification devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/02—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a heat exchanger
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/14—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a fuel burner
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
- F01N2250/04—Combinations of different methods of purification afterburning and catalytic conversion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Abgassystem. Das Abgassystem umfasst eine Abgasreinigungseinheit (6) und einen Heißgaserzeuger (3), welcher ein Heißgas an einer stromauf der Abgasreinigungseinheit (6) angeordneten Einspeisestelle (4) in eine Abgasleitung (2) des Abgassystems einspeisen kann, so dass mit dem Heißgas vermischtes Abgas der Brennkraftmaschine (1) der Abgasreinigungseinheit (6) zugeführt werden kann. Erfindungsgemäß ist ein Wärmetauscher (7) vorgesehen, durch welchen dem mit dem Heißgas vermischten Abgas Wärme entzogen und stromauf der Einspeisestelle (4) auf Abgas der Brennkraftmaschine (1) übertragen werden kann. Die Erfindung ist insbesondere anwendbar für Kraftfahrzeuge mit CNG-Motoren.The invention relates to an internal combustion engine with an exhaust system. The exhaust system comprises an exhaust gas purification unit (6) and a hot gas generator (3), which can feed a hot gas at a feed point (4) arranged upstream of the exhaust gas purification unit (6) into an exhaust pipe (2) of the exhaust system, so that the exhaust gas mixed with the hot gas Internal combustion engine (1) of the exhaust gas purification unit (6) can be supplied. According to the invention, a heat exchanger (7) is provided by which heat can be removed from the exhaust gas mixed with the hot gas and transferred to exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine (1) upstream of the feed point (4). The invention is particularly applicable to motor vehicles with CNG engines.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Abgassystem nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The The invention relates to an internal combustion engine with an exhaust system according to the preamble of claim 1.
Aus
der
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einem zuverlässig betreibbaren Abgassystem und verbessertem thermischen Wirkungsgrad anzugeben.task The invention is an internal combustion engine with a reliable operable exhaust system and improved thermal efficiency specify.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit einer Brennkraftmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.These Task is with an internal combustion engine with the characteristics of Claim 1 solved.
Die erfindungsgemäße Brennkraftmaschine weist ein Abgassystem auf, welches einen Heißgaserzeuger umfasst, welcher ein Heißgas an einer stromauf der Abgasreinigungseinheit angeordneten Einspeisestelle in die Abgasleitung einspeisen kann, so dass mit dem Heißgas vermischtes Abgas der Brennkraftmaschine der Abgasreinigungseinheit zugeführt werden kann. Charakteristischerweise ist ein von Brennkraftmaschinenabgas durchströmbarer Wärmetauscher vorgesehen, durch welchen dem mit dem Heißgas vermischten Abgas der Brennkraftmaschine Wärme entzogen und stromauf der Einspeisestelle auf Abgas der Brennkraftmaschine übertragen werden kann. Dadurch kann einerseits die Abgasreinigungseinheit infolge des zugeführten Heißgases auf eine für ihren sicheren Betrieb erforderliche, meist über der normalen Abgastemperatur liegende Betriebstemperatur gebracht werden. Andererseits weist das Abgas an der Einspeisestelle für das Heißgas infolge einer vorherigen Wärmeaufnahme eine erhöhte Temperatur auf und es ist eine verbesserte Heißgasaufbereitung ermöglicht, was insbesondere bei einer Heißgaserzeugung durch Teilverbrennung von flüssigem Kraftstoff von Vorteil ist.The inventive internal combustion engine has a Exhaust system comprising a hot gas generator, which is a hot gas at an upstream of the exhaust gas purification unit arranged feed point can feed into the exhaust pipe, so that mixed with the hot gas exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine the exhaust gas purification unit can be supplied. characteristically, is a heat exchanger which can be flowed through by engine exhaust gas provided by which mixed with the hot gas Exhaust gas of the engine heat extracted and upstream the feed point to be transferred to exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine can. As a result, on the one hand, the exhaust gas purification unit due the supplied hot gas to a for their safe operation required, mostly above the normal Exhaust gas temperature lying operating temperature can be brought. On the other hand the exhaust gas at the feed point for the hot gas increased due to a previous heat absorption Temperature up and it is an improved hot gas treatment allows, especially in a hot gas production by partial combustion of liquid fuel advantage is.
Als Heißgaserzeuger kann prinzipiell jede Einheit eingesetzt werden, welche in der Lage ist ein Gas zu liefern, welches eine üblicherweise eingangsseitig der Abgasreinigungseinheit vorherrschende Temperatur überschreitet und somit die Abgastemperatur insgesamt anheben kann. Das gelieferte Heißgas kann chemisch inert sein oder chemisch unter Wärmefreisetzung umsetzbare Bestandteile aufweisen.When Hot gas generators can be used in principle every unit which is capable of delivering a gas, which is one usually On the input side of the exhaust gas cleaning unit prevailing temperature exceeds and thus the total exhaust gas temperature can raise. The delivered Hot gas may be chemically inert or chemically heat released have convertible ingredients.
Bei der Abgasreinigungseinheit handelt es sich vorzugsweise um eine Einheit zur katalytisch und/oder filtertechnisch wirksamen Abgasreinigung, die zumindest zeitweise eine Betriebstemperatur erfordert, welche die normale Abgastemperatur an der betreffenden Einbaustelle im Abgassystem überschreitet. Die Erfindung ist insbesondere mit Vorteil zum Wärmemanagement einer motorfern, beispielsweise im Unterbodenbereich des entsprechenden Kraftfahrzeugs angeordneten Abgasreinigungseinheit einsetzbar, um diese sicher auf einem Temperaturniveau betreiben zu können, welches aufgrund dort vorhandener niedriger Abgastemperaturen ohne Zusatzmaßnahmen nicht erreicht wird.at the exhaust gas cleaning unit is preferably a Unit for the catalytically and / or filter technology effective exhaust gas purification, the at least temporarily requires an operating temperature which the normal exhaust gas temperature at the relevant installation point in the exhaust system exceeds. The invention is particularly advantageous for thermal management a motor remote, for example, in the underbody area of the corresponding motor vehicle disposed exhaust purification unit used to secure this to operate at a temperature level, which due to existing lower exhaust gas temperatures without additional measures is not achieved.
Als Wärmetauscher kann jedes für die entsprechende Funktion geeignete Bauteil vorgesehen sein. Insbesondere sind Gas-Gas-Wärmetauscher in Rohrbündel-, Platten- oder Folienbauweise, bevorzugt nach dem Gegenstromprinzip, einsetzbar. Der Einsatz eines Wärmerohrs (heat-pipe) ist ebenfalls möglich.When Heat exchangers can each be for the appropriate one Function suitable component may be provided. In particular, gas-gas heat exchangers in tube bundle, plate or foil construction, preferred according to the countercurrent principle, can be used. The use of a heat pipe (heat-pipe) is also possible.
In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann dem aus der Abgasreinigungseinheit ausgeströmten Abgas Wärme entzogen und auf in die Abgasreinigungseinheit einströmendes Abgas übertragen werden. Dadurch kann stromauf der Abgasreinigungseinheit ins Abgas eingebrachte Energie zumindest teilweise im Abgassystem gehalten werden, wodurch der thermische Wirkungsgrad verbessert ist.In Embodiment of the invention may be from the exhaust gas purification unit discharged exhaust heat withdrawn and put on in the exhaust gas cleaning unit inflowing exhaust gas transmitted become. As a result, upstream of the exhaust gas purification unit into the exhaust gas introduced energy held at least partially in the exhaust system be, whereby the thermal efficiency is improved.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Brennkraftmaschine als eine mit einem überwiegend aus Methan bestehenden Kraftstoff betriebene Brennkraftmaschine ausgebildet und die Abgasreinigungseinheit ist als Oxidationskatalysator zur katalytischen Methanoxidation ausgebildet. Bei mit methanhaltigem Kraftstoff betriebenen Brennkraftmaschinen kommt der Entfernung von unverbrannten Methanresten im Abgas besondere Bedeutung zu. Aufgrund der chemischen Stabilität von Methan erfordert auch eine katalytisch unterstützte Methanoxidation vergleichsweise hohe Katalysator- bzw. Abgastemperaturen. Für einen hohen Umsatz sind Temperaturen von über 350°C, typischerweise sogar noch höhere Werte von über 400°C erforderlich. Die erfindungsgemäße Brennkraftmaschine lässt sich ohne nennenswerte Wirkungsgradeinbußen weitgehend frei von Methanemissionen betreiben.In a further embodiment of the invention, the internal combustion engine is designed as an internal combustion engine operated with a fuel consisting predominantly of methane and the exhaust gas purification unit is designed as an oxidation catalyst for the catalytic methane oxidation. In internal combustion engines operated with methane-containing fuel, the removal of unburned methane residues in the exhaust gas is of particular importance. Due to the chemical stability of methane, catalytically assisted methane oxidation also requires comparatively high catalyst or exhaust gas temperatures. For a high turnover are Tem Temperatures of over 350 ° C, typically even higher values of over 400 ° C required. The internal combustion engine according to the invention can be operated largely without methane emissions without appreciable efficiency losses.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der Heißgaserzeuger zur Abmagerung des Brennkraftmaschinenabgases ausgelegt. Unter einer Abmagerung wird hier wie üblich eine Erhöhung des Verhältnisses von freiem Sauerstoff zu oxidierbaren Bestandteilen verstanden. Vorzugsweise liefert der Heißgaserzeuger ein Heißgas mit einem Sauerstoffüberschuss derart, dass nach Vermischung mit dem Brennkraftmaschinenabgas insgesamt eine oxidierende Abgaszusammensetzung resultiert. Auf diese Weise wird der Wirkungsgrad einer katalytisch unterstützten Oxidation von im Abgas enthaltenen Bestandteilen, insbesondere von Methan verbessert.In Another embodiment of the invention is the hot gas generator Designed for leaning of the engine exhaust gas. Under one Emaciation is here as usual an increase the ratio of free oxygen to oxidizable constituents Understood. Preferably, the hot gas generator supplies Hot gas with an excess of oxygen such, that after mixing with the engine exhaust gas in total an oxidizing exhaust gas composition results. In this way is the efficiency of a catalytically assisted oxidation of constituents contained in the exhaust gas, in particular of methane improved.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Abgasreinigungseinheit als Stickoxid-Speicherkatalysator oder als Partikelfilter ausgebildet und der Heißgaserzeuger ist zur Anfettung des Brennkraftmaschinenabgases ausgelegt. Eine solche Ausführung ist insbesondere für eine Brennkraftmaschine vorteilhaft, bei welcher der Entfernung von im Abgas enthaltenen Stickoxiden bzw. Partikeln besondere Bedeutung zukommt. Dies ist insbesondere bei Dieselmotoren der Fall. Mit einem Stickoxid-Speicherkatalysator kann eine Stickoxidverminderung besonders wirkungsvoll erfolgen. Allerdings ist insbesondere für eine gelegentlich notwendige Beseitigung einer Schwefelvergiftung (Desulfatisierung) eine erhöhte Betriebstemperatur erforderlich. Die erfindungsgemäße Brenn kraftmaschine ermöglicht dies ohne nennenswerte Wirkungsgradverluste. Dabei ist die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene Anfettung des Brennkraftmaschinenabgases durch den Heißgaserzeuger besonders vorteilhaft. Durch den Heißgaserzeuger wird das Abgas insgesamt mit reduzierenden Bestandteilen angereichert und es ist eine besonders wirkungsvolle Desulfatisierung ermöglicht. Die Anfettung durch den Heißgaserzeuger kann auch derart vorgesehen sein, dass insgesamt ein oxidierend wirkendes Abgas erhalten wird, welches jedoch mit brennbaren Bestandteilen angereichert ist. Durch deren exotherme Verbrennung kann ein dem Wärmetauscher nachgeschalteter Partikelfilter auf eine für einen Rußabbrand erforderliche Temperatur aufgeheizt werden.In Another embodiment of the invention is the exhaust gas purification unit designed as a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst or as a particle filter and the hot gas generator is for enriching the engine exhaust gas designed. Such an embodiment is especially for an internal combustion engine advantageous in which the distance of nitrogen oxides or particles contained in the exhaust gas of particular importance due. This is the case in particular with diesel engines. With a Nitrogen oxide storage catalyst can be a nitrogen oxide reduction especially done effectively. However, especially for an occasionally necessary elimination of sulfur poisoning (Desulfation) an increased operating temperature required. The internal combustion engine according to the invention allows this without significant efficiency losses. The inventively provided Enrichment of engine exhaust gas by the hot gas generator especially advantageous. By the hot gas generator, the total exhaust gas enriched with reducing ingredients and it is a particularly effective Desulfation allows. The enrichment by the hot gas generator can also be provided such that a total of oxidizing acting exhaust gas is obtained, which, however, with combustible components enriched. Due to their exothermic combustion can be a Heat exchanger downstream particle filter on a temperature required for soot burnup be heated.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der Wärmetauscher als Gegenstromwärmetauscher ausgebildet. Diese Ausführungsform ermöglicht einen besonders effizienten Wärmetausch.In Another embodiment of the invention is the heat exchanger designed as a countercurrent heat exchanger. This embodiment enables a particularly efficient heat exchange.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist der Wärmetauscher von Abgas anströmbare katalytisch wirksame Flächenbereiche auf. Durch diese Ausführungsform kann der Wärmetauscher zusätzlich eine katalytische Funktion übernehmen. Vorteilhaft ist es, Wände von Gas führenden Kanälen des Wärmetauschers mit einer katalytischen Beschichtung zu versehen, die beispielsweise als oxidationskatalytisch wirksame Beschichtung oder als eine Beschichtung mit Stickoxid-Speicherfunktion ausgebildet sein kann. Die Beschichtung kann dabei abschnittsweise, beispielsweise einlassseitig und/oder auslassseitig vorgesehen sein. Der Wärmetauscher kann somit infolge katalytisch beschichteter anströmbarer Flächenbereiche selbst als katalytischer Konverter fungieren.In further embodiment of the invention, the heat exchanger exhaust gas-flowable catalytically active areas on. By this embodiment, the heat exchanger additionally assume a catalytic function. It is advantageous to walls of gas leading channels of the Heat exchanger with a catalytic coating too provided, for example, as oxidation catalytically effective Coating or formed as a coating with nitrogen oxide storage function can be. The coating may be partially, for example be provided on the inlet side and / or outlet side. The heat exchanger can thus due to catalytically coated anströmbarer Surface areas themselves act as a catalytic converter.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der Wärmetauscher zur Ausfilterung von Partikeln aus dem Abgas ausgebildet. Gas führende Kanäle des Wärmetauschers können beispielsweise ein poröses Material enthalten, durch welches in den Wärmetauscher einströmendes Gas gezwungen wird, wobei eine Ausfilterung von Partikeln erfolgt. Die Filterfunktion kann dabei auch lediglich bereichsweise vorgesehen sein, um Druckverluste klein zu halten.In Another embodiment of the invention is the heat exchanger designed to filter out particles from the exhaust gas. Gas leading Channels of the heat exchanger, for example contain a porous material through which in the heat exchanger inflowing gas is forced, with a filtering of particles. The filter function can also only be provided in some areas to keep pressure losses small.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der Heißgaserzeuger als Brenner zur zumindest teilweisen Verbrennung eines für einen Brennkraftmaschinenbetrieb eingesetzten Kraftstoffs ausgelegt. Die Verbrennung muss dabei nicht zwangsläufig mit einer Flammenerscheinung verbunden sein. Vielmehr ist unter einem Brenner jedes Bauteil zu verstehen, welches einen Brennstoff unter Wärmefreisetzung und Heißgaserzeugung umsetzen kann. Mit Vorteil einsetzbar sind beispielsweise ein mager oder fett betriebener Brenner, ein zur Durchführung einer partiellen Oxidation ausgebildeter katalytischer oder nichtkatalytischer Reaktor (POX-Reaktor), ein Reformer zur Erzeugung eines Kraftstoffreformats und dergleichen.In Another embodiment of the invention is the hot gas generator as a burner for the at least partial combustion of a for designed an internal combustion engine operation used fuel. The Combustion does not necessarily have to be accompanied by a flame be connected. Rather, every component is under a burner too understand which is a fuel under heat release and hot gas generation can implement. Can be used with advantage For example, are a lean or rich burners, a for carrying out a partial oxidation of trained catalytic or non-catalytic reactor (POX reactor) Reformer for generating a fuel reforming and the like.
Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen veranschaulicht und werden nachfolgend beschrieben. Dabei sind die vorstehend genannten und nachfolgend noch zu erläuternden Merkmale nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Merkmalskombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen.advantageous Embodiments of the invention are in the drawings illustrated and described below. Here are the mentioned above and to be explained below Features not only in the specified feature combination, but also usable in other combinations or in isolation, without to leave the scope of the present invention.
Dabei zeigen:there demonstrate:
In
dem in
Obschon
die Erfindung für Otto- und Dieselmotoren mit Vorteil angewendet
werden kann, wird nachfolgend davon ausgegangen, dass die Brennkraftmaschine
In
einer ersten Variante der in
Die
zweite Abgasreinigungseinheit
Zur
Regelung des Brennkraftmaschinenbetriebs, beispielsweise um λ =
1, ist es bevorzugt, Lambdasonden im Abgassystem vorzusehen, was nicht
näher dargestellt ist. Insbesondere können Lambdasonden
eingangsseitig und/oder ausgangsseitig der Abgasreinigungseinheiten
Für
eine wirkungsvolle Oxidation von Methanresten durch die zweite Abgasreinigungseinheit
Die
Einstellung des Abgas-λ erfolgt vorzugsweise in Abhängigkeit
von der Temperatur der zweiten Abgasreinigungseinheit
Anstelle
einer als Methan-Oxidationskatalysator ausgelegten zweiten Abgasreinigungseinheit
Allerdings sind für einen hohen Methanumsatz nochmals höhere Temperaturen, typischerweise mehr als 500°C erforderlich. Ein effektives und ökonomisches Temperaturmanagement ist dabei insbesondere mit Blick auf niedrigen Kraftstoffverbrauch vorteilhaft. Auf bevorzugte Maßnahmen hierfür wird weiter unten näher eingegangen.Indeed are even higher for a high methane conversion Temperatures, typically more than 500 ° C required. An effective and economical temperature management is especially advantageous with regard to low fuel consumption. On preferred measures for this is below discussed in more detail.
In
einer zweiten Variante der in
Wie
oben erläutert, ist es generell, jedoch insbesondere bei
einer als CNG-Motor ausgebildeten Brennkraftmaschine
Es
versteht sich, dass der üblicherweise zur Abgastemperaturanhebung
eingesetzte Heißgaserzeuger
Vorzugsweise
wird der Heißgaserzeuger
Der
Wirkungsgrad der in
Der
Wärmetauscher
Der
in
Durch
jeweils zwei benachbarte Platten
Am
oberen Ende des Wärmetauschers
Vorteilhaft
ist es, wenn wie in
Ein
entsprechend den in den
Im
Unterschied zu der in
In
Die
zweite Abgasreinigungseinheit
Die
in anhand von
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNGQUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- - DE 10355664 A1 [0002] - DE 10355664 A1 [0002]
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (2)
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DE102007053130A DE102007053130A1 (en) | 2007-11-08 | 2007-11-08 | Internal combustion engine with exhaust system |
PCT/EP2008/008615 WO2009059679A1 (en) | 2007-11-08 | 2008-10-11 | Internal combustion engine with exhaust gas system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102007053130A DE102007053130A1 (en) | 2007-11-08 | 2007-11-08 | Internal combustion engine with exhaust system |
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DE102007053130A1 true DE102007053130A1 (en) | 2009-05-14 |
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ID=40156894
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DE102007053130A Withdrawn DE102007053130A1 (en) | 2007-11-08 | 2007-11-08 | Internal combustion engine with exhaust system |
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WO (1) | WO2009059679A1 (en) |
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DE102010055548A1 (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2012-06-28 | Deutz Ag | Internal combustion engine and method for operating the same |
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DE102012022712A1 (en) | 2012-11-21 | 2014-05-22 | Deutz Aktiengesellschaft | Diesel particulate filter and method of regeneration thereof |
EP2722503A3 (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2015-03-04 | Dinex Ecocat OY | Exhaust gas thermal enhancer |
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WO2016124337A1 (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2016-08-11 | Man Diesel & Turbo Se | Internal combustion engine and method for operating same |
DE102016012457A1 (en) | 2016-10-19 | 2017-04-27 | Daimler Ag | Drive device for a motor vehicle, exhaust module for an internal combustion engine, and method for operating such a drive device |
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DE102021134472A1 (en) | 2021-12-23 | 2023-06-29 | Tenneco Gmbh | Device for treating waste gas II |
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DE10355664A1 (en) | 2002-12-13 | 2004-06-24 | Arvin Technologies, Inc., Troy | Exhaust emission reduction system includes particulate filter within exhaust stream, heat exchanger to adjust temperature of diesel exhaust stream and catalytic absorber of nitrogen oxides within temperature adjusted diesel exhaust stream |
Cited By (14)
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DE102010055548A1 (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2012-06-28 | Deutz Ag | Internal combustion engine and method for operating the same |
EP2557288A1 (en) | 2011-08-09 | 2013-02-13 | Universität Stuttgart | Device and method for purifying waste gas for combustion engines |
DE102011109761A1 (en) | 2011-08-09 | 2013-02-14 | Universität Stuttgart - Institut für Chemische Verfahrenstechnik | Process and device for exhaust gas purification with optional heat recovery for internal combustion engines |
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EP2722503A3 (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2015-03-04 | Dinex Ecocat OY | Exhaust gas thermal enhancer |
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DE102012022712A1 (en) | 2012-11-21 | 2014-05-22 | Deutz Aktiengesellschaft | Diesel particulate filter and method of regeneration thereof |
WO2015197093A1 (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2015-12-30 | Volvo Truck Corporation | A heat exchanger system for treatment of a flow of exhaust gases in an exhaust gas aftertreatment system |
US10301998B2 (en) | 2014-06-27 | 2019-05-28 | Volvo Truck Corporation | Heat exchanger system for treatment of a flow of exhaust gases in an exhaust gas aftertreatment system |
WO2016124337A1 (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2016-08-11 | Man Diesel & Turbo Se | Internal combustion engine and method for operating same |
US10876449B2 (en) | 2015-02-05 | 2020-12-29 | Man Energy Solutions Se | Internal combustion engine and method for operating same |
DE102016012457A1 (en) | 2016-10-19 | 2017-04-27 | Daimler Ag | Drive device for a motor vehicle, exhaust module for an internal combustion engine, and method for operating such a drive device |
WO2023117462A1 (en) | 2021-12-23 | 2023-06-29 | Tenneco Gmbh | Device for treating exhaust gas ii |
DE102021134472A1 (en) | 2021-12-23 | 2023-06-29 | Tenneco Gmbh | Device for treating waste gas II |
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