DE102007044906A1 - Acoustic nonwoven for perforated ceiling elements - Google Patents

Abstract

A ply has a base weight of not more than 45 g/m2 for use in a ceiling element and includes a fiber blend in a proportion of not more than 30 g/m2 a flame retardant in a proportion of not more than 10 g/m2.

Description

Technical area

The The invention relates to a layer for producing an acoustic nonwoven fabric.

State of the art

Acoustic Nonwovens and layers of the type mentioned are from the prior art already known. These are often perforated in, namely perforated or slotted, metal ceiling or wooden ceiling elements used.

With regard to their fire behavior such acoustic nonwovens or ceiling elements have been according to DIN 4102-1 assessed by means of a so-called "fire shaft test". In doing so, both the acoustic nonwoven fabric itself and the composite with the ceiling element had to be tested. The market demanded a classification into fire class "A2"("non-combustible") from the composite of ceiling element and acoustic non-woven fabric. From the acoustic nonwoven as such, a classification in the fire class "B1" (= "flame retardant") was required.

Since July 2007, a revised, EU-standard regulation concerning the certification and classification of suspended ceilings is in force, namely the CE mark. This regulation places requirements on the ceiling elements used in the DIN EN 13964 laid down in relation to the classification of fire behavior on the DIN EN 13501-1 points.

The fire behavior test is no longer performed according to the DIN 4102-1 ("Fire shaft test"), but according to the DIN EN 13823 , This standard describes a so-called "single burning item" (SBI) test on a complete ceiling element structure and defines the according to DIN EN 13501-1 Classification-relevant parameters. In contrast to the previous test of fire behavior according to the DIN 4102-1 aims to test in accordance with DIN EN 13823 strengthened on the assessment of smoke release in case of fire. The smoke release is in the DIN 13501-1 rated to stricter standards than before.

Acoustic nonwovens known in the art tend to generate relatively high levels of smoke and thus prevent classification of ceiling elements as "non-combustible" (classification "A2 / s1 / d0") in accordance with the revised requirements of US Pat DIN 13501-1 , However, this classification is particularly for buildings or parts of buildings with increased security requirements, eg. As public buildings, escape routes, etc., required.

In addition, the acoustic nonwoven fabric should form a high acoustic effectiveness, namely a singular value α _w of at least 0.75 from a sound absorption coefficient measurement according to EN ISO 354 or conversion to EN ISO 11654 achieve.

Desirable is further a simple processability, in particular a Space-saving handling or automated insertion into ceiling elements. Finally, the acoustic nonwoven fabric may be used for hygiene, health and environmental aspects are not negatively affected.

Accordingly, there is a considerable need in the market for readily processable acoustical nonwovens which, in combination with ceiling elements, have the classification "A2 / s1 / d0" in accordance with the DIN EN 13501-1 fulfill.

Presentation of the invention

Of the The invention is therefore based on the object, an acoustic nonwoven fabric to create, after problem-free processing as possible low smoke development in case of fire shows.

According to the invention the above object with the features of the claim 1 solved.

Thereafter, a flat layer with a basis weight of at most 45 g / m ² comprises a fiber mixture which is present in a proportion of at most 30 g / m ² , and a flame retardant which is present in a proportion of at most 10 g / m ² .

According to the invention been recognized that just the combination of skillful choice the total basis weight and an adjusted reduction of the flame retardant a significant reduction of smoke causes. The situation according to the invention is suitable provided in a special way with an adhesive mass for arrangement in a metal ceiling element. Consequently, the object mentioned above solved.

The Impregnation mixture could Diammoniumhydrogenphosphat as a flame retardant, which halogen and heavy metal free and therefore environmentally friendly. Conceivable, however, is the use of other nitrogen-phosphorus-based flame retardants, e.g. B. of ammonium polyphosphates or of nitrogen-containing phosphonic acid salts.

The fiber mixture could have fine-fiber or fibrillated cellulosic components. These components are used to tune the acoustic effectiveness of the situation. Against this background, it is conceivable that the fiber mixture two includes different types of pulp, which are matched in fineness to each other. However, it is also conceivable to use finely ground synthetic pulps, the z. B. from viscose, polyolefin or aramid fibers are made.

The fiber mixture could also comprise fibers of glass, which are present in a proportion of at most 10 g / m ² . This proportion of glass fibers gives the sheet high structural stability and low thermal shrinkage. This is the location for an automated insertion into ceiling elements. However, it is also conceivable to use other inorganic fibers, eg. As fibers of basalt or alumina. Finally, polyester fibers could also be used.

The fiber blend may be pre-bonded with a binder based on acrylate with a proportion of less than 5 g / m ^2. The pre-binding gives the layer sufficient stability to homogeneously introduce an impregnating mixture. Against this background, it is conceivable that the pre-binding takes place by means of a low-formaldehyde acrylate binder. As a result, increased requirements in terms of the formaldehyde content of the situation according DIN EN 13964 fulfilled (formaldehyde class "E1"). It is also conceivable Vorvorbindung using a mono- or bicomponent binder fiber, z. B. with a so-called. Unstretched polyester fiber or a PET / PET or PET / copolyester bicomponent binder fiber.

An acoustic nonwoven fabric for metal ceilings having a basis weight of less than 60 g / m ² could have a layer of the type described herein and an adhesive mass wherein the adhesive mass is present at less than 15 g / m ² . The adhesive allows you to determine the acoustic non-woven under moderate heating in a metal ceiling element, without affecting components of the ceiling element, such. B. a lacquer layer to damage. Against this background, it is conceivable that the adhesive composition consists of a thermoplastic, largely amorphous polyester, copolyester or copolyamide having a melting point below 100 ° C.

The acoustic nonwoven fabric could have a singular value α _w of at least 0.75, the singular value according to a sound absorption coefficient measurement after EN ISO 354 and after conversion according to EN ISO 11654 is obtained. Such an acoustic nonwoven absorbs sound particularly well.

An assembly comprising a sheet or acoustic nonwoven fabric of the type described herein, as well as an unpainted perforated metal ceiling member, could be used in a measurement DIN EN 13823 show an SMOGRA value of at most 30 m ² / s ² and a TSP (600s) value of at most 50 m ² . Such an arrangement is suitable not only for sound insulation, but also for fire protection in particular.

It Now there are different ways of teaching the present To design and develop the invention in an advantageous manner. This is on the one hand to the subordinate claims, on the other hand to the following explanation of the invention with reference to Drawing to refer.

Brief description of the drawing

In the drawing shows the only one

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the test according to FIG DIN EN 13823 determined smoke development of a ceiling element structure with a nonwoven acoustic fabric of the prior art with the smoke development of an analog ceiling element structure with an acoustic nonwoven fabric according to the invention compares.

Embodiment of the invention

The sole FIGURE is a diagram comparing a ceiling element construction with a sample of a prior art acoustic nonwoven fabric having a ceiling element construction with a sample of an acoustic nonwoven fabric according to the present invention. To do this:
The samples of the prior art are indicated by the broken lines and the square symbol. The curves for the sample according to the invention are indicated by the solid lines and the circle symbol.

The SPR _av curves or the individual SPR _av (t) values ("Smoke Production Rate", left y-axis, unit [m ² / s]) represent the current smoke development of the samples at time t of the measurement (resp within a differential time interval [t, t-3s]). An SPR _av value represents the quotient of a flue gas volume flow in [m ³ / s] and the length in [m] of the light path through the tube of a photometric measuring device, resulting in the unit [m ² / s].

The TSP curves or the individual TSP (t) values ("Total Smoke Production", right y-axis, unit [m ² ) represent the total smoke development of the samples up to time t of the measurement. A TSP (t) value corresponds to the sum of the individual SPR _av (t) values in the time interval from the beginning of the measurement to the time t or corresponds to the associated area under the SPR curve. A TSP value represents the product of a sum of SPR _av values in [m ² / s] and the associated time interval in [s], resulting in the unit [m ² ].

With regard to the entire test duration with so-called "lead-in" and "after-run", the SPR _av or TSP values of a sample within the time window from 300 s to 900 s are measured or used for the evaluation. Therefore, the time axis is scaled from 300 s to 900 s. The zero point of the actual measurement is therefore 300 s based on the entire test duration.

The TSP (600s) values ("Total Smoke Production", unit [m ² ]) represent the total smoke development of the samples in the first 600 s of the measurement. According to the timeline scaling notes above, they correspond to the symbol-marked points on the TSP curves at time t = 900 s with respect to the total test duration.

The SMOGRA values ("SMOke GRowth RAte index", unit [m ² / s ² ]) represent the maxima of the quotients from the SPR _av (t) values of the samples and the associated times t of the measurement. They characterize, to some extent, the slopes of the SPR _av curves at the beginning of the measurement ("slope triangles"). The SMOGRA value represents the quotient of an SPR _av (t) value in [m ² / s] and the associated time t in [s], resulting in the unit [m ² / s ² ].

• (a) der SPR_av(t)-Wert ist kleiner oder gleich 0,1 m²/s, oder
• (b) der zugehörige TSP(t)-Wert ist kleiner oder gleich 6 m²

According to DIN EN 13823 For the determination of the SMOGRA value, a quotient of an SPR _av (t) value and associated time t of the measurement is then to be regarded as 0 by definition if the following boundary conditions are fulfilled:

• (a) the SPR _av (t) value is less than or equal to 0.1 m ² / s, or
• (b) the associated TSP (t) value is less than or equal to 6 m ²

This means: If the SPR _av curve does not exceed 0.1 m ² / s or if the associated TSP (t) values do not exceed 6 m ² at times and in this time interval, all quotients of SPR _av ( t) -values and associated times t of the measurement to be regarded as 0 and thus also to regard the SMOGRA value as 0 by definition.

Around However, even smoky samples can be meaningfully evaluated or compared SMOGRA values have been neglected Boundary condition (a) determined.

In order to be able to evaluate only the influence of the samples of acoustic nonwoven fabric on the smoke development, constructions of ceiling elements made of perforated steel sheets without paint or other smoke-relevant components were generally according to DIN EN 13823 measured. This should disturbing influences by other components of the ceiling element, such. B. a lacquer layer can be eliminated.

In terms of smoking behavior are according to DIN EN 13501-1 the SMOGRA value and the TSP (600s) value are used as parameters for defining a "smoke class" (s1, s2 or s3). In order to achieve the above-mentioned "non-combustible" classification "A2 / s1 / d0", which includes the "smoke class" s1 and thus the highest demands on smoking behavior, the following limits for the above-mentioned smoke-relevant parameters must be observed: SMOGRA value smaller or equal to 30 m ² / s ² and TSP (600s) value less than or equal to 50 m ² .

Measurements of the type of ceiling element structures described here demonstrate that a sample of the prior art acoustic nonwoven fabric provides an SMOGRA value of about 30 m ² / s ² and a TSP (600s) value of about 40 m ² . This is shown in the diagram of the single FIG.

In contrast, a sample of the acoustic nonwoven fabric according to the invention shows only an SMOGRA value of about 15 m ² / s ² and a TSP (600s) value of about 30 m ² , ie an SMOGRA value reduced by about 50% and a reduced by about 25% TSP (600s) value.

Reference measurements on similar ceiling element structures without acoustic nonwoven, but with a coating, show that commercially available coatings make a first approximate additive contribution to the SMOGRA value of at best about 10 m ² / s ² , usually of about 15-20 m ² / s ² , and contribute to the TSP (600s) value of at best about 15 m ² , usually about 20-30 m ² .

Thus, SMOGRA values of at best approximately 40 m ² / s ² or TSP (600s) values of at best approximately 55 m ² / s ² are obtained for conventional ceiling element structures with a coating and an acoustic nonwoven according to the prior art. These high values prevent a "non-combustible" classification "A2 / s1 / d0" according to the DIN EN 13501-1 ,

On the other hand, for ceiling element constructions with an acoustic nonwoven according to the invention with optimum execution of the coating, SMOGRA values of only about 25 m ² / s ² or TSP (600s) values of only about 45 m ² / s ^{2 result} . These values allow a "non-combustible" classification "A2 / s1 / d0" according to DIN EN 13501-1 ,

Example according to stand of the technique:

A prior art acoustic nonwoven fabric consists of a ply and an adhesive. The weight per unit area is 63 g / m ² . There at the basis weight of the layer is 48 g / m ² and the basis weight of the adhesive mass 15 g / m ² .

The sheet has a fiber blend of pulp fibers and glass fibers. The fiber mixture contributes with a total of 25 g / m ² to the basis weight of the situation.

The layer furthermore has a fiber binding of acrylate binder with a basis weight contribution of 4 g / m ² .

The layer also has an impregnating mixture with a flame retardant, which makes up a basis weight contribution of 14.5 g / m ² . The impregnation mixture also contains a colorant of carbon black and an ethyl vinyl alcohol binder, which together make up a basis weight contribution of 4.5 g / m ² .

The Bonding compound consists of epsilon - polycaprolactone.

Embodiment according to the Invention:

An acoustic fleece according to the invention consists of a layer and an adhesive. The basis weight is 54 g / m ^{2 in} total. The basis weight of the layer is 42 g / m ² and the basis weight of the adhesive mass 12 g / m ² .

The sheet has a fiber blend of fibers of two types of pulp and glass fibers. The fiber mixture contributes with a total of 26 g / m ² to the basis weight of the situation. The fibers of pulp account for 20 g / m ^{2 of} the basis weight of the layer, the glass fibers 6 g / m ² .

The layer furthermore has a fiber binding of acrylate binder with a basis weight contribution of 4 g / m ² .

The layer also has an impregnating mixture with a flame retardant, which constitutes a basis weight contribution of 7.5 g / m ² . The impregnation mixture also contains a colorant of carbon black and an ethyl vinyl alcohol binder, which together make up a basis weight contribution of 4.5 g / m ² .

When Adhesive composition was chosen epsilon - polycaprolactone.

Regarding further advantageous embodiments and developments of the teaching of the invention on the one hand to the general part of the description and on the other hand referenced to the claims.

Finally be particularly emphasized that previously purely arbitrary selected embodiment only for Discussion of the teaching of the invention but does not serve this embodiment limits.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited non-patent literature

• - DIN 4102-1 [0003]
• - DIN EN 13964 [0004]
• - DIN EN 13501-1 [0004]
• - DIN 4102-1 [0005]
• - DIN EN 13823 [0005]
• - DIN EN 13501-1 [0005]
• - DIN 4102-1 [0005]
• - DIN EN 13823 [0005]
• - DIN 13501-1 [0005]
• - DIN 13501-1 [0006]
• - EN ISO 354 [0007]
• - EN ISO 11654 [0007]
• - DIN EN 13501-1 [0009]
• - DIN EN 13964 [0017]
• - EN ISO 354 [0019]
• - EN ISO 11654 [0019]
• - DIN EN 13823 [0020]
• - DIN EN 13823 [0023]
• - DIN EN 13823 [0030]
• - DIN EN 13823 [0033]
• - DIN EN 13501-1 [0034]
• - DIN EN 13501-1 [0038]
• - DIN EN 13501-1 [0039]

Claims (9)

Layer for use in a ceiling element, having a basis weight of at most 45 g / m ² , comprising a fiber mixture which is present in a proportion of at most 30 g / m ² and a flame retardant which is present in a proportion of at most 10 g / m ² , Layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the flame retardant consists of diammonium hydrogen phosphate. Layer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized that the fiber blend comprises fibers of cellulose. Layer according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized characterized in that the fiber blend fibers from two different ones Having pulp types. Layer according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the fiber mixture comprises fibers made of glass, which are present in a proportion of at most 10 g / m ² . Layer according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that an acrylate-based binder is present in a proportion of less than 5 g / m ² . An acoustic nonwoven fabric for metal ceilings having a weight per unit area of less than 60 g / m ² , comprising a ply according to any one of the preceding claims and an adhesive mass, wherein the adhesive mass is present in a proportion of less than 15 g / m ² . Acoustic nonwoven fabric according to claim 7 or layer according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by a singular value α _w of at least 0.75, wherein the singular value is obtained from measurement according to EN ISO 354 and conversion according to EN ISO 11654. Arrangement comprising a layer according to one of claims 1 to 6 or an acoustic nonwoven fabric according to claim 7 or 8 and an unpainted, perforated metal ceiling element which, when measured according to DIN EN 13823, has an SMOGRA value of at most 30 m ² / s ² and a TSP ( 600s) value of at most 50 m ² .