DE102007044455B3 - Protection device for thermal, acid, water and dust-sensitive machine components, engines, valves and/or measuring instruments, comprises outer layer containing rubber, and inner layer containing rubber strengthened with glass cloth/fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

The device (4) for the protection of thermal, acid, water and dust-sensitive machine components, engines, valves and/or measuring instruments (5), comprises an outer layer consisting of rubber (1.1), an inner layer of a composite material consisting of rubber strengthened with glass cloth or glass fiber (1.2), or rubber strengthened with fiber glass or rock wool, and an opening (8) between a protected area and the outer environment for convection of air. The surface of the device, which is exposed to the radiant heat (T) from the atmosphere, is equipped with an additional reflecting film. The device (4) for the protection of thermal, acid, water and dust-sensitive machine components, engines, valves and/or measuring instruments (5), comprises an outer layer consisting of rubber (1.1), an inner layer of a composite material consisting of rubber strengthened with glass cloth or glass fiber (1.2), or rubber strengthened with fiber glass or rock wool, and an opening (8) between a protected area and the outer environment for convection of air. The surface of the device, which is exposed to the radiant heat (T) from the atmosphere, is equipped with an additional reflecting film. The device encloses the machine component or measuring instrument. Additional inner layer is intended in the device and consists of rubber. The heat conductivity of the individual layers and materials is 0.5 W/m K. The thickness of the composite material is 0.4-10 mm. One of the rubber surfaces is smooth, ribbed and/or curved. The portion of glass fiber to the rubber is 10-90 vol.%. The bending behavior of the composite material is described with a bending radius of 1-100 mm. The bonding material is stretched over a cage made of bars or is stretched as tent over a separating device to be protected. The reflecting foil consists of acid-resistant and non-rusting steel. An independent claim is included for a method for the protection of thermal, acid, water and dust-sensitive machine components, engines, valves and/or measuring instruments.

Description

• • Elektro- oder hydraulik-Motoren,
• • Hydraulik-Vorrichtungen,
• • elektrischen, hydraulischen und/oder pneumatischen Messinstrumenten etc.

häufig hohen Belastungen ausgesetzt, die die Lebensdauer der Vorrichtungen und damit die Produktivität der Anlagen stark mindern.In industrial plants, such as the chemical and metal industries, and especially in the iron and steel industry, the production equipment and its machine elements are usually provided with

• • electric or hydraulic motors,
• Hydraulic devices,
• • electrical, hydraulic and / or pneumatic measuring instruments etc.

often subjected to high loads, which greatly reduce the life of the devices and thus the productivity of the equipment.

• • Thermische Strahlung ausgehend von flüssigem oder glühendem erstarrtem Eisen oder Stahl mit Temperaturen zwischen 1600 und 600°C
• • Feuchtigkeit durch Lauf- und/oder Spritzwasser,
• • Öl und Öl-Emulsionen,
• • Säurehaltiges Lauf- oder Spritzwasser und/oder
• • Stäube, die auch in Verbindung mit Wasser zur Bildung von Säuren beitragen können.

Such production-related pressures are very often caused by

• • Thermal radiation from liquid or glowing solidified iron or steel with temperatures between 1600 and 600 ° C
• • moisture due to running and / or spray water,
• • oil and oil emulsions,
• • Acidic running or splashing water and / or
• • Dusts that can also contribute to the formation of acids when combined with water.

These operational burdens can singular in individual places but also very often occur together and thus an additionally enhanced destructive Have effect on the machine elements. In case of a thermal Load should be the temperatures at electrical and hydraulic Machine elements or measuring devices permanently not exceed 80 ° C.

Become frequent so for example electric motors protected with steel sheets, the but under the influence of high radiation energy also in combination with water and dusts z. B. in the field of a steel plant and here in the areas of continuous casting and the hot rolling mills are insufficient.

Also, in the utility model DE 1998 653 U from 1968 and in the utility model DE A 998 653 U a hood for the protection of vertical support surfaces (walls) attached instruments described which consists of a heat-insulating layer such as glass fiber and a flame-retardant layer such as asbestos. Although both materials of this composite material are heat-insulating and also in the case of asbestos flame retardant but not acid-resistant. Also in this document, the 2-layer or 2-layer composite material (2-layer sandwich) is provided in the claims 4-6 with a metal foil, for example made of aluminum for reflecting the heat radiation and / or with a water-impregnated canvas.

• • Wärmeisolierung (Glasfaser)/flammabweisende Schicht (Asbest) ist nicht wasserabweisend und vor allem nicht säurebeständig,

This described 2-layer composite material

• • thermal insulation (glass fiber) / flame retardant layer (asbestos) is not water repellent and above all not acid-resistant,

• • Aluminium/Asbest/Glasfaser/Segeltuch (wasserdicht) ist eine Säurebeständigkeit nicht gegeben.

In the case of the composite, consisting of a maximum of 4 layers,

• • aluminum / asbestos / fiberglass / canvas (waterproof), acid resistance is not given.

At the Protection of electrical, hydraulic equipment and sensitive However, machine elements also have a resistance to acid Water asked for an early To avoid corrosion.

In addition, such sensitive machine elements and / or measuring devices temperatures between 60 and 160 ° C if they are not in elaborate and often water or air-cooled devices are housed.

moreover does that Coincidence of these high temperatures between 60 and 160 ° C at the equipment described above with acidic water to a reinforced Corrosion that lowers the life of the equipment to be protected and the operating costs elevated.

Such elaborate protective measures on motors or measuring devices often purely from the local Physical condition not possible or even in case of unforeseen loss and immediately necessary Repair too time-consuming, due to the necessary dismantling, Repair and installation.

Besides that is it often too expensive, cooling media How to introduce water or compressed air to the devices to be protected. Also it happens that the cooling media while of the operation will go unnoticed and so an unexpected damage and thus loss of production occurs.

in the Trap of running and / or spray especially in conjunction with dusts it comes to the accelerated corrosion of engines, valves and Measuring instruments.

• • Thermische Belastbarkeit,
• • Wasser- und Säurebeständigkeit sowie
• • Staubbeständigkeit gleichzeitig versehen mit den folgenden positiven Merkmalen wie
• • örtliche Anpassungsfähigkeit (Flexibilität aber auch Steifigkeit) der Schutzvorrichtung,
• • schneller Demontage und Montage mit daraus folgend
• • geringere Verletzungsgefahr sowie
• • kein Einsatz von Kühlmedien wie Wasser und/oder Pressluft.

The object of the invention is to develop a method and a device for the protection of machine elements, such as motors, valves and measuring instruments, which meet the following physical and chemical requirements or the following environmental impacts, which are:

• • thermal capacity,
• • Water and acid resistance as well
• • Provide dust resistance at the same time with the following positive features:
• • local adaptability (flexibility but also rigidity) of the protection device,
• • faster disassembly and assembly with consequent
• • lower risk of injury as well
• • no use of cooling media such as water and / or compressed air.

One Method and its device would increase the life of the protected machine elements, safety at work as well as production time and thus the productivity greatly increase production facilities and greatly reduce production and repair costs.

The protective material to be found should be highly acid-resistant and at the same time temperature-resistant, the is called also a low thermal conductivity have.

In order to get an idea of the thermal conductivity in W / m K of different materials, a comparative list of values has been created in the following: heat insulation acid-resistant • Cu 380.0 W / m K, No No • AL 210.0 W / m K, No No • FE 50.0 W / m K, No No • asbestos 0.13 W / m K, Yes No • Glass 0.8 W / m K, Yes No • glass bevel r 0.02 W / m K, Yes No • rubber 0.3 W / m K. Yes Yes

The Table makes it clear that a protective device insulating and also acid-resistant, among others Properties can be. These 2 properties apply to the material Rubber too, but such a protective housing also needs a necessary rigidity with flexibility, around the localities to be able to adapt in production mode.

A even for unexpected solution to the expert These described object to those described in the claims Features dar.

The invention is characterized by a protective device made of a composite material which has thermal, water and acid resistance and a desired stiffness with a simultaneously desired flexibility, which can be used easily and quickly. Such an inventive protective device is exemplified by means of 1 and 2 described in more detail.

1 FIG. 12 illustrates the structure of the protective material composed of a composite material composed of industrial rubber and glass fibers.

2 represents an electric or hydraulic motor, which is provided with the inventive protection device.

In 1 is the composite material ( 1 ), consisting of rubber ( 1.1 ) and glass fibers ( 1.2 ). The composite material may also be provided with an appropriately selected volume or weight fraction ( 2 ) have a desired stiffness on glass wool, glass fiber, stone fibers or rock wool. External exposure to thermal radiation (T), water (H2O), acidic water (H +) and / or dust (St) is rendered inert by the composite material. This harmlessness of the above-mentioned environmental influences is based on the combination of the materials rubber and glass fiber. Both materials have a low thermal conductivity compared to iron, steel or other metals ( 1.3 ) of <1.0 W / m K instead of> 50 W / m K. At the same time, the flexibility or rigidity, expressed as the critical bending radius, can be determined and adjusted by the wall thickness of the composite material and the proportion of glass fiber. Depending on the thickness of the composite material and the proportion of glass fiber or silk, the critical bending radius can be between 1 and 100 mm.

The composite used has a thickness ( 3 ) of 0.4-10 mm and has a glass fiber or glass fiber insert with a proportion ( 2 ) from 10 to 90% by volume. Its surfaces can be smooth, ribbed or wavy.

In addition, the rubber surface of the atmosphere ( 7 ) facing side of the composite material ( 1 ) with a radiation-reflecting film ( 1.5 ) preferably made of stainless steel. This additional radiation protection ( 1.5 ) of the protection device ( 4 ) in the area of the outer surface, which may also be acid-resistant, additionally reduces the heat load on the radiation (T).

The 2 schematically illustrates such an inventive protective device ( 4 ) for example, an electric or hydraulic motor ( 5 ) made of the above-described composite material ( 1 ). Other sensitive equipment to be protected may include measuring equipment from the electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic sectors as well as valves, valve stands, pumps, pump stands and electrical appliances in individual or group construction. Such a protection device ( 4 ) can also be made of the mat-shaped composite material ( 1 ) as a tent or with the help of ropes or with the help of a framework made of steel, aluminum pipes or wooden poles or bamboo pipes.

The shape of the protection device ( 4 ) can be generated with the help of an inner or outer mold and a plastic deformation or with the aid of a cloth-like composite material ( 1 ) or sewn or glued together.

In the case of thermal stress (T), a surface temperature (T1) sets in, which in turn depends on the air convection between the shelter ( 6 ) and the external environment ( 7 ) connected by a surface opening ( 8th ), to an inner surface temperature (T2) and thus shelter temperature (Ts) and temperature of the motor (Tm) leads, which also generates a heat flow itself.

At a given external surface temperature (T1) of the protective device ( 4 ), the protection space temperature (Ts) and thus the engine temperature (Tm) in the essential is determined by the size of the opening ( 8th ) between the shelter ( 6 ) and the external environment or atmosphere ( 7 ) and convection ( 9 ) between the two spaces (( 6 ) and (7)) as well as by the own temperature source of the engine ( 5 ) certainly. The machine element to be protected ( 5 ) can also be a device that generates no heat. In this case, an opening ( 8th ) for balancing the temperatures between the interior ( 6 ) with the temperature (Ts) and the external atmosphere ( 7 ) be ensured with the temperature (Ta). The temperature of the external environment (Ta) is always <than the temperature (Ts) in the shelter, whereby the inventive advantage can be utilized. The ambient temperature moves depending on the season and region above the freezing point of water, practically between 5 and 35 ° C. The guard space temperature (Ts) is always <than the engine temperature (Tm), which in turn is always below the critical temperature (Tkr.) Of the engine (T). 5 ) is to damage the engine ( 5 ) to avoid.

• • T1 > T2 > Tm > Ts > Ta unter der Voraussetzung, dass
• • Tm < Tkr, Tkr je nach Gerät oder Bauelement (5) zwischen 60 und 160°C und
• • Ta je nach Jahreszeit und Region sich zwischen 5 und ca. 35°C bewegt.

The following temperature chain can be described:

• • T1>T2>Tm>Ts> Ta provided that
• • Tm <Tkr, Tkr depending on the device or component ( 5 ) between 60 and 160 ° C and
• • Ta varies between 5 and approx. 35 ° C depending on the season and region.

Due to the low thermal conductivity of the composite material ( 1 ) of <1 W / m K, the composite material thickness ( 3 ), the opening ( 8th ) and convection ( 9 ), whether natural or forcibly generated by flowing gas, the temperature of the engine ( 5 ) are adjusted and controlled uncritically.

Since the conductivity of the materials such as rubber and the glass fiber <1 W / m K amount and thus are low, can on the volume and / or weight fractions ( 2 ) at a given composite thickness ( 3 ) the flexibility of the protection device for the operational application can be optimized.

The pollution caused by water and acidic water, emulsions and / or dust is caused by the rubber ( 1.1 ) existing surface of the protection device and intercepted, so that the life of the protected sensitive equipment ( 5 ) by the prevention of corrosion and thermal destruction increases sharply, whereby the operating costs are lowered and the productivity of the production facilities increases.

The advantages of this inventive protective device are to be found in the composite rubber whose surface is acid-resistant and has protection against dirt and a good heat-insulating effect (0.3 W / m K) by the glass wool or silk (0.02 W / m K) is still increased. In addition, the glass silk or wool, in addition to the high thermal insulation for a high tensile strength. This combination of material properties results in a composite material ( 1 ) and a protective device ( 4 ) for sensitive equipment ( 5 ), which are heat-insulating (T), water-repellent (H2O), acid-resistant (H +), dust- and dirt-repellent (St) and lightweight, and thus easy to handle by the operating staff.

1.

Composite material

1.1

Rubber,

1.2

rubber layer or rubber layers reinforced with glass fiber, glass fiber, glass or rock wool, thermal conductivity of the composite material of <0.5 W / m K compared to> 50 for steel and others Metals such as aluminum or copper,

1.5

Reflective heat rays Foil, preferably of stainless steel,

2

by volume (90-10%) of rubber and glass fiber in the composite material,

3

material thickness of the composite material between 0.4 and 10 mm,

3.1

bending radius from 0.5 to 200 mm,

4

guard made of composite material,

5

Temperature-, water, acid, emulsion- and dust-sensitive devices such. B. electric or Hydraulic motor, valves, transformers or component with and without self-heat development in individual or subassemblies,

6

Shelter

7

outside environment or atmosphere,

8th

area-specific opening between shelter ( 6 ) and atmosphere ( 7 )

9

Convection,

T

Thermal radiation and burden,

H2O

Water, Running and / or spray water,

H +

acidic Water,

St

Dust,

T1

outer surface temperature the protection device,

T2

inner surface temperature the protection device,

ts

Protection room temperature

tm

Temperature of the engine ( 5 )

Tkr

critical temperature between 60-160 ° C depending on the type of sensitive equipment ( 5 ) such. As an engine, pressure gauge, etc.,

Ta

Temperature of the atmosphere ( 7 ) between 5 and 35 ° C

Claims (13)

Contraption ( 4 ) for the protection of thermo, acid, water and dust sensitive machine elements, motors, valves and / or measuring devices ( 5 ), whereby the machine element or measuring device ( 5 ) and consists of at least two layers, wherein the outer layer of rubber ( 1.1 ) and the inner layer of the composite material of glass fiber or glass fiber ( 1.2 ) reinforced rubber, or the inner layer or even layers ( 1.2 ) made of glass wool or rock wool reinforced rubber ( 1.2 ), and wherein the surface of the device ( 4 ), the heat radiation (T) from the atmosphere ( 7 ), with an additional reflective foil ( 1.5 ) Is provided. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a further inner layer is provided which consists of rubber. Device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the thermal conductivity of the individual layers and materials do not exceed 0.5 W / m K. Device according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the thickness ( 3 ) of the composite is between 0.4 and 10 mm. Device according to claims 1 to 4, characterized that at least one of the rubber surfaces smooth, ribbed and / or is wavy. Device according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the proportion ( 2 ) to glass fiber ( 1.2 ) to the rubber ( 1.1 ) is between 10 and 90 vol.%. Device according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the bending behavior of the composite material ( 1 ) with a bending radius between 0.5 and 200 mm, preferably between 1 and 100 mm can be described. Device according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the composite material stretched over a cage made of rods or as a tent on the equipment to be protected ( 5 ) is stretched. Device according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the protective device ( 4 ) an opening ( 8th ) between the shelter ( 6 ) and the external environment ( 7 ) for convection ( 9 ) has the air. Device according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the reflective film ( 1.5 ) consists of acid-proof and stainless steel. Method for protecting thermo, water, acid and dust-sensitive machine elements, motors, valves and / or measuring devices ( 5 ), characterized in that a model of the contour of the shelter ( 6 ) for the machine element or measuring device to be protected ( 5 ) and that either on the outside or inside of the model the protective device ( 4 ) is built up in layers according to the device claims 1 to 10 and then removed. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that the protective device ( 4 ) from the composite material ( 1 ) according to the shape of the shelter ( 6 ) is tailored. Method according to claims 11 and 12, characterized in that the opening ( 8th ) between the shelter ( 6 ) and the external atmosphere ( 7 ) is selected so that the temperature (Tm) of the machine element to be protected ( 5 ) smaller than the critical temperature (Tkr) of the machine element to be protected ( 5 ).