DE102007039517B4 - Rotating reciprocating engine - Google Patents

Abstract

Engine (1, 101, 301, 401) with at least two different types of reciprocating pistons (3, 4, 5, 104, 105, 304, 305), which are applied for a working cycle or pumping stroke, which together in their cylinders (14 , 114, 314, 414) with a cup (6, 106, 206, 306, 406) surrounding them on a rotary shaft (15, 115, 215),
characterized in that
by the rotation (7) of the pot (6, 106, 206, 306, 406) synchronized with all the rotating parts (3, 6, 106, 206, 306, 406, 4, 104, 304, 5, 105, 305 , 14, 114, 314, 414, 15, 115, 215), fluid exchange openings (8, 9, 108, 109) are opened which have a relative to the direction of rotation (10, 110) of the pot (6, 106, 206 , 306, 406) provide radial flow guidance (11, 111) at the transition to a cylinder space (12, 112)
and a flow guide between external communication with the pot (6, 106, 206, 306, 406) leading communication lines (13, 113) and the ...

Description

The The present invention relates to a reciprocating engine with at least two different types of cylinders with reciprocating pistons, in which the reciprocating piston in addition to their lifting movement and a rotatory Move back.

State of the art

Heat engines are available in numerous designs, which can be distinguished, among other things, whether they are equipped with gas exchange valves or alternatively with spool plates for controlling the gas inflow and outflow. In reciprocating engines that use heated, compressed gases without combustion in the working space of the cylinder, controlling the gases is an important consideration. Another important aspect is the most efficient use of the thermal energy of the gas. Favorable uses result from the most efficient possible conversion of thermal energy into kinetic energy which can be diverted via a shaft, on which a pinion or a gear can be arranged so that the rotational kinetic energy can be passed on to consumers, in particular consumers connected to transmission gears. With the intention of designing highly efficient heat engines, the well-known Stirling engine is in the DE 691 16 727 T2 (Patentee: Stirling Thermal Motors Inc; priority date: 14.05.1990). A rotary piston system with internal Ringsektorräumen is for example in the DE 1 576 895 A (Applicant: Fried Krupp GmbH, filing date: 25.08.1967) described. An improvement of the Stirling engine principle is also in the WO 03/102 403 A1 (Applicant: Donauwind Erneuerbare Energiengewinnung and Beteiligungs GmbH et Co. KG, priority date: 03.06.2002). Another Stirling engine is the US 4,407,123 (Applicant: Morgan, filing date: 20.08.1980).

Other concepts can borrow from the field of internal combustion engines, such as the double-piston equipped cylinder rotor machine according to the WO 94/005 902 A1 (Applicant: Gail, priority date: 28.08.1992). A double piston principle can also be taken from other publications describing internal combustion engines, for example US 5,103,778 (Applicant: Usich, filing date: 15.05.1990), US 2 243 817 A (Applicant: Herrmann, filing date: 14.05.1937) and EP 0 137 621 A1 (Applicant: Demopoulos, priority date: 15.08.1983). The last three documents refer back to the principle that with the rotation of a motor housing at the same time a firmly attached to the housing, in particular flat disc-like, control attachment controls the gas supply and discharge.

Transmission-type balancing controls for the reciprocating can the two US documents US 2 468 293 A (Applicant: Du Fré, filing date: 31.01.1947) and US 4,030,404 A (Applicant: US Philips Corporation, priority date: 06 August 1974).

The DE 10 2007 004 735 A1 , and DE 10 2007 004 736 A1 (Both applications of the inventor) can be a heat engine device with two rotation units each with a plurality of piston-carrying cylinders refer, the rotation units are each rotatably mounted on a common mandrel. While the pistons of the opposing respective cylinders of the two rotary units in the DE 10 2007 004 735 A1 are connected to each other at least indirectly via a likewise rotatably mounted on the mandrel control disc, the pistons in the DE 10 2007 004 736 A1 at least indirectly via a gear with a respect to the mandrel offset parallel, a control disk driving shaft connected to each other.

The DE 43 01 036 A1 deals with a cylindrical rotor machine, in which the mutually associated pistons are rigidly connected by piston rods, wherein the cylinder chambers can be double-acting. The crankshaft is forced relative to the cylinder rotor at an angular velocity twice the angular velocity with which the cylinder rotor rotates about its axis of rotation. The DE 43 01 036 A1 thus teaches asynchronous angular velocities and a double eccentricity, as a result, more and higher loads on the entire camp occur, which disadvantageously, inter alia, has a shorter life of the cylinder rotor machine result.

In the DE 10 2005 033 448 A1 rotates due to the kinematics of the cylinder rotor motor, the crankshaft, as in the aforementioned DE 43 01 036 A1 , also with double speed related to the speed of the cylinder rotor. The DE 10 2005 033 448 A1 further teaches the formation of a spur gear, which should be adjusted so that the pistons on eccentric discs of the crankshaft guided piston exert essentially no thrust forces on the cylinder of the cylinder rotor, which would otherwise be the case with missing spur gear and the output power of the engine would decrease and increase the wear. A device after DE 10 2005 033 448 A1 thus disadvantageously requires the gear ratios to allow the different rotational speeds.

The FR 2 478 739 A2 uses an angular position of the piston, so inclined piston in the pot.

invention description

When Particularly interesting field of application is the electrical energy supply. Here, the efficient use of the fuels used is very important. For decentralized energy supply systems, the small power plant operator takes action like to be at his disposal stationary energy sources back, like For example, wood from the local forest or gasification and flammable products from their own farm. In the sense of the present Invention is referred to with wood and any wood product, such as Example wood pellets. The decentralized power plant can be used as a heat-coupled Power plant can be used so that the waste heat for heating building parts is determined while the excess electrical energy can be fed into the central power grid. With these considerations is to choose a highly efficient system that has to be designed so that it as a heated recirculating, closed system with common fluids, like air or otherwise Gases, heat and work, in particular rotating movement work, can give. Consequently an orientation can be sought in the known heat engines. The inventor of the present invention considered whether or not the ones known to him heat engines as the centerpiece a caloric small power station the application described above Cheap can be implemented. The machines without spool and without Gas exchange valve controls are attractive, but they are in their Motion sequence and not yet optimized in their control principle.

The patent applications unpublished at the time of filing of the present invention DE 10 2007 004 735 A1 and DE 10 2007 004 736 A1 of the same inventor as to the present invention also disclose control disk systems.

task It is the object of the present invention to provide an improved engine ready with reciprocating piston, which simplifies the movement are. Solved The task is accomplished by an engine with the characteristics of the Claim 1.

A cheap, Engine according to the invention is defined in claim 1. Allow advantageous developments the dependent one claims 2 to 11. A comprehensive engine of the invention Engine plant is defined in claim 12. A cheap one Combined heat and power conversion process with an engine according to the invention let yourself the claims 13 and 14 refer.

Based on the consideration, that the Carnot cycle both a compression process and a work-using one Expansion process, between which heating and cooling processes have to take place, is adapted to two types of reciprocating cylinder resorted where the one piston type as a delivery piston and the other piston type can be classified as a working piston. The pistons are axially displaceable in relation to the cylinder longitudinal axis a cylinder space can be accommodated. The perform the operation Reciprocating piston, d. H. the working pistons should be in their piston diameter larger dimensions be as the reciprocating for the compression process, d. H. as the delivery pistons. The reciprocating pistons run in cylinder housings. The cylinder housing are with an enclosing, partially confining pot so joined that the pot and the cylinder housing similar, in particular synchronously, can move. The rotation speed the heat engine determined from the Hubkolbenbewegungswegen, another, superimposed Movement is determined by the rotational movement of the pot. In In an advantageous embodiment, the main body of the pot is almost rotationally symmetrical constructed, in a sectional view of the pot is cylindrical designed. The pot rotates around its own axis. The pot is rotating thus a fixed point. Parallel to the axis of rotation of the pot is another, designed as a rotating shaft, off-center arranged reference shaft around which the lifting piston rotate. By the arrangement of two mutually laterally offset, parallel Axes, a central axis of the pot and one of these deviating second axis, both run in the same direction next to each other, the superimposed Rotary and lifting movements are possible. From these axes of rotation laterally outgoing, d. h., in radial Outgoing direction, are cylinder chambers in front of the piston, d. H., above the piston crown, with gases to fill; and in the same direction of rotation are the cylinder chambers to empty. The radial directions are thus orthogonal the axis forming a normal to them, d. h., they are normal to the direction of rotation. A single fully rotating, 360 ° rotating Cylinder spans a plane (in the mathematical sense) to itself of the rotation shaft resulting normal.

Due to the special mode of operation of the machine could be considered otherwise also say that the cylinder head of the cylinder housing of a working piston is pushed away by the pressure of the working fluid from the piston head of this working piston, the pistons can rotate respectively to or with the preferably fixedly mounted rotary shaft. In a stationary rotary shaft, the pistons can be supported on the rotary shaft via their connecting rods or they are from the Rota tion wave held. Because a respective cylinder housing is connected to the pot at fixed rotational shaft and because the pot has only one degree of freedom of movement, namely a rotational degree of freedom about its stationary axis of rotation, the pot rotates as a result by the repulsive forces impressed by the compressed working fluid in the cylinder heads of the working piston Rotation axis, wherein he takes along the associated cylinder with him. Because the pistons have only one translational degree of freedom relative to the cylinders, namely those in which the lifting movement of the cylinders relative to the pistons is formed, the cylinders take the pistons and connecting rods in which they perform the essentially radial lifting relative movements as they travel around the axis of rotation of the pot with. In this case, the working pistons guide the displacement forces impressed on them by means of the compressed working medium via their connecting rods into the rotary shaft, which supports them by counter-forces of equal magnitude but oppositely directed. The rotary shaft is thus loaded by a Kolbenpleuelfuß bending. Thus, the resultant torque about the axis of rotation of the pot can generate a rotation of the pot, thus the Pleuelfüße must be rotatable about the rotation shaft or rotatable with this.

Of the Pot can be designed as a unilaterally open drum-shaped housing. The pot can also be in a double-sided closed design. The pot is like a round case. The pot can also be in the manner of a spoked wheel with a, for example plates, tread be educated.

In the pot is at least two different types of cylinders arranged namely a type working cylinder with working piston and a type of conveying cylinder or pump cylinder with delivery piston. Ideally can the working pistons and the delivery pistons occur several times. In one embodiment, it is conceivable that the number of working pistons differ from the delivery pistons. The inner one Space of the pot provides the receiving volume for the cylinders. Because the working cylinders are larger according to one embodiment as the delivery cylinders, can be arranged in a plane less working cylinder as a delivery cylinder. A suitable number of cylinders represents, for example, the combination five and This means there are five cylinders and three Delivery cylinders. According to another embodiment, seven working pistons in the pot are arranged and two delivery cylinder (combination 7/2). Ideally, there is more than just a power piston and more as just a delivery piston, however, it is possible the inventive principle also on a machine with only one working piston and only one delivery piston apply. Other possible Combinations of working pistons and delivery pistons are 3/2, 7/3 and 4.5. In the result is relevant but not the number of working cylinders and the delivery cylinder, but the volume of work spaces to the delivery rooms. To a calculation should the delivery cylinder in total between 48% and 68% of the volume of the working cylinder, preferably between 55% and 65%.

If in this document the term "axial" or "axial Direction "or" direction of rotation "is used, such is below, unless expressly with other meaning occupied, the direction of the axis of rotation or the direction of the longitudinal axis the axis of rotation of the pot or the axis of rotation of the pot parallel direction of the longitudinal axis the off-center To understand rotation shaft of the engine. Synonymous with the term "axial" can also be the Term "longitudinal" or "longitudinal direction" are used.

Of the Term "different Contour lines " an axial spacing, in particular of fluid exchange openings, in particular along the Topfachse, which may be rotatable can. This means that the Topfachse can rotate.

Of the Term "radial" is used in This font uses a direction perpendicular to the axial direction to call.

According to the invention opened by the rotation of the pot fluid change openings, which in relation to the direction of rotation of the pot radial flow guidance at the transition to a cylinder space provide and flow guidance between outside leading to the pot Grant communication lines and the piston running in cylinders. By this design succeeds in providing the compressible Working medium in rotation staggered pot under maximum utilization the available standing cylinder chambers in a rotational movement about the central axis of rotation of the engine to keep. If in this context of a "transition to a cylinder room "the Speech is, as that point is meant by the flowing fluid after leaving a communication line flows into the respective cylinder or at the the flowing Fluid leaves a cylinder and from the fluid in the sequence in a communication line entry. By the radial flow guidance can the capacity of a Cylinder space optimal for the pulsed further transport of the fluid through the machine or the external circuit connected to it be used.

Advantageously, no slide plates or gas exchange valves for controlling the flow guidance in the region of the transitions of the communication for radial flow guidance lines in the fluid exchange openings of the cylinder required.

advantageously, are the pistons over the connecting rods on an off-center arranged rotating shaft mounted side by side, especially in oblong, distributed in the axial direction of the cylindrical pot, with the pot synchronously co-rotating during a working or a pumping cycle convey the fluid from a first fluid change port to a second fluid change port. The pistons can thus advantageously on the preferably stationary rotary shaft rotatably support and in this way the impressed compressive force acting on the respective piston head or introduce the resulting tensile force in the stationary rotary shaft.

The Cylinders provide on the way from one flow opening to the next, d. h., from a flow inlet to a flow outlet, fluid-tight, sealed, enclosing volumes changeable Cylinder spaces. As a result, the engine is in a closed loop system for the fluid, d. h., for the working medium of the engine, einbindbar, advantageously one and the same rotational movement of the pot both the power stroke as well as the pumping stroke of the fluid causes and thus the fluid in a cogeneration both perform mechanical work and can give off heat to heat consumers. Part of the work won will be for promotion and provision of the fluid used. Part of the work won can go to one Generator, in particular an electric generator, passed become. So the only moving parts are the pot with his Reciprocating piston and the shaft that performs the mechanical work on a working machine, as a consumer, forwards. The remaining parts of the plant are stationary.

Farther it is advantageous if the main movement of the piston or the cylinder to the direction of rotation of the engine system or the engine is orthogonal, preferably the piston movement in the cylinders, the one with the rotational direction of the engine identical rotational movement carry out can, balanced by an angular movement of the connecting rod in each case a piston that will be the off-center arranged to the axis of rotation of the pot rotational shaft of the piston the pistons equidistant from the central axis of the rotary shaft leaves, while the cylinder attached to the pot a relative height adjustment by the axis of rotation of the pot. Because on the one hand, the connecting rods due to their essentially unchanging longitudinal extension the distance of the piston, more precisely the piston pin by means of it a piston with the connecting rod, d. H. connected to the connecting rod eye, to the off-center Keep rotating shaft constant, on the other hand, however, the working piston from the compressed working medium or fluid during a working cycle in their cylinder relative to this in each case moved radially inward be advantageously results in a resulting torque around the axis of rotation of the pot, causing the pot along with the cylinders and the piston and the connecting rod in a rotary Movement is offset around its central axis of rotation around. As the person skilled in the art can easily recognize, are those attached to the pot Cylinder due to this arrangement in a relative height adjustment along the axis of rotation of the pot.

In an advantageous embodiment include the fluid exchange openings Flow openings in particular several times over distributed the circumference of the pot, on different contour lines are arranged. Each piston is assigned its own flow opening. This makes it possible, each cylinder of its type with a feeding or efferent Communication line to let communicate.

Each Piston is assigned its own flow opening, in the case of innermined underflow of stationary attached transfer flanges, the particular circular arc are configured, forming the fluid exchange openings. That's cheap each cylinder or each piston in a timely logical Order with the outside leading the pot Communication lines alternately communicate and the loading and unloading the radially outside, d. H. accomplished above the piston crown, located cylinder chambers become. The transfer flanges make sure that Innenden underflow the working fluid at the fluid exchange openings not undesirable escape from the intended flow space can. In other words, through the transfer flanges becomes an undesirable Streaming from Working medium between stationary Underflowed housing wall and rotating pot avoided. In particular, this avoids that compressed, intended for entry into a working cylinder Working medium in a stationary underflowed transfer flange and rotating pot located along this one stream in a sucking or in just in another phase of operation working fluid exchange opening can guess.

Under the aspect just discussed, it is particularly preferred if the pot and the transfer flange are in intimate contact, ie in a flat, final, ie gap-free, contact. It is particularly advantageous if the pot and the transfer flange by means of spring-loaded round seals, which preferably double-sealing ne lying adjacent, alternately inserted into the respective opposite side of the pot and the transfer flange occur to form a sealed connection of the fluid exchange openings are sealed in the area of the handovers. By virtue of this configuration, the unwanted currents described in the previous paragraph can conveniently be effectively and efficiently avoided. Due to the positive contact of pot and transfer flange slipping or an undesirable offset of the transfer flange relative to the pot, in particular in the circumferential direction of the pot is prevented. The seals can be in an oil bath, so that the surface between flange and pot can be oil lubricated.

Especially It is advantageous that the engine slide plate free only over the Self-rotation of her as a housing pot designed the closing speed of the fluid exchange openings in dependence of the expansion rate of the fluid automatically sets. The fluid can especially pressurized heated air. Through the slide plate-free Training is eliminated the requirement to provide a separate slide plate control to have to, thereby reducing the complexity the engine and also the cost of materials in this regard in Compared to machines with separate slide plates or separate Gas exchange valves and with corresponding separate controls for this Components can be reduced.

Advantageous It is also, if the pistons via rotatably mounted connecting rods, such as ball-bearing connecting rods, at right angles to spacers angelängt that are staggered on the rotation shaft so that alternately in each case a piston of the first type and a piston of the second type are arranged angularly offset from one another. All pistons are in axial Direction of the rotation shaft strung. The training with rotatable arranged connecting rods allows it, the off-center Rotating shaft fixed, d. h., not self-rotating, and the, preferably ball-bearing, Pleuelfüße, which rotates the shaft include to rotate the rotary shaft. The ball bearing the condylar feet is like that formed that the Pleuelfüße respectively the rotation shaft circumferentially border, wherein the connecting rod rotating due to the ball bearing of the connecting rod feet glide around the fixed, even non-rotating rotary shaft can. The spacers allow it in a simple manner, the required axial distance from axially adjacent pistons adjust. Due to the spacers, it is also possible, the Piston or the connecting rod unskinked in the respective cylinder or on to run the respective piston pin. Due to the angular offset Arrangement of the piston and in particular by the alternating arrangement of working and delivery pistons becomes the pulse effect because of the alternate communication the individual cycles, which are the working medium in each cylinder space has to go through, evened on the axis of rotation of the pot. One Another advantage of the angular offset arrangement of the piston consists in the largely complete Exploitation of the interior of the pot with cylinders facing each other height and angularly offset.

advantageously, include the fluid exchange openings at least one conical ring, preferably to the piston type number the same number of rings, so two, with the axis of rotation of the pot coincides concentrically. Alternatively, too each piston a separate ring, the flange upstream of the pot is to be arranged. The pot as a structuring component extends over the entire height and thus offers several contour lines. The flanges are to be provided only in number and width, as they slide-free fluid transfer necessary. Furthermore, the ring in the axial direction beveled, both sides bolted to the flow guide, a pot wall reinforcing Represent covers of the pot. The communication lines nestle to the rings and experienced so some diversions. The flange together with the communication lines can be a mechanically more stable Provide unity because the communication lines at the same time as supports for flanges serve, with a force deflection through the different directions possible is.

Under this aspect is favorable when the ring sweeps over several angles of the pot Includes flow guide, in particular their orientation by deflections of the communication line coming to the transition to Cylinder space changed several times. Shorten the communication lines according to the dimensions, like the pot or the housing as a pipe extension serves. Depending on the space requirements, the communication lines, the pipes, from different directions to the machine brought become. When adapting a machine to new space requirements needs then, for example, only the pot to be redesigned, the remaining components the machine can remain the same and are therefore ready for series production. Through this education it continues to be fluidic considered to equalize the Flow. Turbulence in the currents can be prevented in this way.

It is particularly advantageous, in particular with regard to the starting process, when a starting valve releases a reloading path to a filled cylinder, in particular a cylinder having a working piston. As a result, additional working fluid can be pressed into the cylinder chamber and thus the starting process of the pot can be supported. The starting valve can be operated manually or mechanically when the machine starts up.

Farther it is, especially with regard to proper circulation the fluid in a closed circuit, favorable if a check valve cool, compressed air or working medium or fluid against backflow in a delivery piston in derogation. Through the check valve can thus conveniently a reflux from fluid to warmer, under higher Pressurized part of the engine in the colder low-pressure part, the the cylinder space of the delivery piston included, avoided.

Especially Cheap is it if at least the working pistons, preferably the reciprocating pistons, tangential from the radial arrangement of the cylinder orientation to Pot are deflected, especially in an angular range between 5 ° and 15 °, preferably at 10 °, from the vertical to the pot wall. This will transform the forces acting on the pot by the fluid pressures, in particular the repulsion of the pot, d. H. a respective cylinder head, from the associated piston head, supported in a rotational movement and relieved. In other words, by the tangential deflection the cylinder of each received in Zyinder piston, in particular the working cylinder in the working phase or Working piston, oriented so that slipping of the respective Piston jacket is facilitated on him comprehensive cylinder wall.

The Rotary shaft can be designed to be stationary as stated above. Alternatively, however, it is also conceivable and possible to use the rotation shaft rotating with the pot and thus around its stationary axis of rotation to train in a circle. She could for example, connected by spokes with the pot jacket be. The coat of the pot could then continuing as one rotating in a single direction of rotation cylindrically shaped fluid change control device can be used by he as an endless bond between the mouths of the communication lines and the fluid exchange openings the cylinder grinds through sealed. The cylinders would then have to also be stationary. The working piston or the connecting rod would be the off-center Rotary shaft connected to the pot around the stationary axis of rotation drifting the pot. The suitable for flow guidance perforated or grooved pot jacket would have to be twice sliding sealed be, on the one hand outward to the mouths the communication lines and, on the other hand, inward to the Fluid exchange openings the cylinder down. With fixed rotation shaft support, as stated above, the working pistons over their connecting rods on the rotary shaft from, with circular rotating shaft however, they are based the working pistons over the expanding cushion of compressed working fluid to the fixed cylinders or on the cylinder heads from. In both variants Thus, the pot is in a result in a rotational movement around the Offset axis.

advantageously, can an engine system according to the invention an engine according to the invention include. Furthermore, an engine installation according to the invention comprises a Heating section, in particular a boiler, and a cooling section, in particular a heat exchanger, between which, preferably, pipe lines connected to the engine are in communication. In such a facility can while the same rotational movement of the pot both the fluid in one Working stroke relaxed, as well as the fluid compressed in a pump stroke become. And the piston carrying out the power stroke and the pumping stroke executive Pistons are arranged in the same pot. They turn around the same Axis of rotation. In such an engine system can conveniently the working fluid or fluid are guided in a closed circuit. As a result, a fluid other than air, such as Carbon dioxide, be used as a working medium without this to the environment.

According to the invention can Combined heat and power conversion process a completed fluidic system with an engine according to the invention as described above, advantageously in the same Operation gaining rotating working energy, the cooled medium compressing, rotating. The Fluid is rotating from a cylinder space in the axial direction Continuation of the pot ausbringbar. That way you can an effective and efficient implementation of a Carnot cycle realize.

Particularly preferred is a heat-to-power conversion method of the invention when rotation about an off-center piston stroke axis in a co-rotating rotary box-like pot provides heated, pressurized air expansion spaces. Due to the rotational movement, the housing opens fluid-exchange openings alternately alternately in a uniform sequence by moving underneath a transfer flange fixed locally to a support frame. The eccentric Kolbenhubachse may in particular be formed as described above as off-center rotary shaft. In particular, it is advantageous if all fluid exchange openings are to be opened once by a single revolution of the pot. In this way, an effective and special realize the efficient implementation of a Carnot cycle.

advantageously, includes the engine in a closed fluid circuit built-in state one outside the pot and at least partially comprehensive housing, which the inflowing or laxative Communication lines to the pot, at least one cooler, with whose help is the temperature of the relaxed of the engine outflowing Fluids can be further lowered. Furthermore, at least one Boiler available to raise the temperature of the fluid and thus for storing heat energy serves in the fluid.

The Engine can be considered as comprising two submachines. The one submachine machine is to be classified as a working machine, it does by means of the working cylinder and the working piston the mechanical work, thus generating the moment of momentum for the pot, by warming compressed Fluid in the working cylinders lets perform expansion work and it after dismissed work in the radiator dismisses. The second submachine can as a carrier be classified. It sucks the relaxed cooled working medium with the help of the delivery cylinder and delivery piston via a, preferably with a check valve provided, feeding Communication line from the radiator and promoted it, preferably against the resistance of another check valve, in the boiler or in a boiler feed line. Based on these Functioning occurs in the working machine to a fluid expansion of compressed, heated in the boiler Fluid, whereas it is in the carrier to a compression of cooled in the cooler fluid comes. The fluid pressures in the work machine, d. H. in their working cylinders, are in Medium higher as those in the carrier, d. H. in their delivery cylinders. Likewise, the pressure of the fluid in the boiler is higher than in the cooler.

An arrangement according to the invention may operate with pressurized, by a suitable fuel, such as a wood-containing fuel, heated air. The temperature difference of the air can be chosen, for example, with more than 250 K. In one design, a temperature swing between the cooled air and the heated air of ΔT of about 273 K is selected. According to another design, with a wood fire temperatures up to about 700 ° C can be achieved, so that at an air temperature in the cooler or in the heat exchanger of about 70 ° C to 80 ° C, heated in a wood fire kettle a temperature of 320 ° C is reached. The pressure of the cooled air is then in the piston for the cooled air, the delivery piston, 5 bar. The pressure in the piston for the heated air, the working piston, is then also between 5 bar and 6 bar. The working pressure of the machine is thus 5 bar. Depending on the pressure and temperature, the pistons rotate with a rotation of approx. 3000 revolutions per minute. The stroke of a working piston and a delivery piston may be, for example, 90 mm. The diameter of the working piston can be selected, for example, with 72 mm. If then a 4/4-combination of the working piston and the delivery piston would be chosen, then a volume of 4.4 m ³ per minute would be moved by the working cylinder. Such a four-cylinder heat engine could deliver up to 8 kW of rotational kinetic energy to an electric generator, while most of the energy can serve as heat energy for heating the premises surrounding the facility.

The Engine according to the invention advantageously has an oil lubrication on. The pot is like a rotating drum, at least partially in an oil bath can run. roar with inwardly pointing, funnel-shaped extensions lead oil from the Inside of the pot to the pot surface, d. h., towards the Pot jacket to allow lubrication between flange and pot. The tubes can be designed so that they are pointing radially inward. These oil supply tubes can do that Lubricating and sealing oil, for example, using the centrifugal or centrifugal force, the because of the pot rotation on the oil exercised will transport. In particular, the oil in the area or in the Near the Range of transitions of Flow control too be transported a respective cylinder space.

figure description

Further advantageous properties and embodiments of the invention are based on the following Drawings described. In these drawings shows

1 a schematic representation of the active and functional principle of the engine according to the invention; the engine for the sake of clarity shown separated in carrier and machine.

2 a longitudinal section in an axial-radial plane through a first embodiment of the engine according to the invention.

3 a longitudinal section in an axial-radial plane through a second embodiment of the engine according to the invention.

4 a cross section normal to the shaft longitudinal axis of a third of the first similar embodiment of Kraftmaschi invention ne.

5 a partial cross section normal to the axis of rotation of the first embodiment of the engine according to the invention; the sectional planes between the housing wall and pot wall, in particular representation of the sealing system of the engine.

6 a partial longitudinal section in an axial-radial plane through the first embodiment of the inventive engine.

7 a cross section normal to the shaft longitudinal axis of the first embodiment of the engine according to the invention, in particular representation of the lubrication system of the engine.

In the different embodiments, which are described below are similar items, parts and Figures provided with each increased by 100 reference numerals have become easier to different solutions according to the invention the reader to face.

The following is the basic structure and operation of the engine 1 Based on the schematic representation in 1 described. For ease of understanding and because of the better clarity is the engine 1 shown dissected into their two submachines, with left top in 1 the carrier 1a and left below the working machine 1b is shown. Both sub-machines are each radially transverse, ie normal, to the direction of rotation 10 shown cut and each have a pot 6 , an axis of rotation 18 and a rotation shaft 15 on. The engine 1 can actually be separated into the two sub-machines. However, care must be taken in such a separated design that the working machine or another suitable drive via a suitable device can put the carrier in rotation and also set in rotation during operation of the machine. In this respect, the in 1 illustrated engine 1 also be considered as an embodiment of the machine. Said device is in 1 not shown.

In fact, the carrier will 1a and the working machine 1b preferably a single pot 6 , as well as a single axis of rotation 18 and a single rotation shaft 15 use, therefore, in the episode of "the" pot, "the" rotation axis or "the" rotation shaft the speech.

The engine 1 here has eight cylinders 14 on. In every cylinder 14 is a reciprocating piston 3 slidably disposed along the longitudinal axis of the cylinder. In each of the four cylinders 14 the carrier 1a is a delivery piston 5 arranged. In each of the four cylinders 14 the working machine 1b is a working piston 4 arranged. Each of the pistons 4 . 5 has a connecting rod 17 on, with the connecting rod eye of a connecting rod 17 with the piston head, the big end with an eccentric to the longitudinal central axis 44 of the pot 6 arranged to the axis of rotation 18 rectified stationary rotary shaft 15 connected is. The connecting rods are ball-bearing and can around the stationary rotation shaft 15 rotate. The connecting rods of the connecting rods 17 could synonymous with the rotation shaft 15 be firmly connected, for example, be formed integrally with this. In this case, the rotation shaft would have to 15 itself rotatably mounted, for example, ball bearings, be.

The essentially drum-shaped pot 6 has peripherally arranged fluid change openings 8th . 9 on. He is in the radial region between its longitudinal central axis 44 and its fluid change ports 8th . 9 rotatable from the axis of rotation 18 held. The rotation axis 18 is in 1 for reasons of space not indicated, instead are in the center of the pot 6 the longitudinal center axis 44 and the direction of rotation parallel thereto 10 indicated. The rotation axis 18 could also be rotatable itself, for example, be ball-bearing. In this case, the pot would have to 6 with the rotation axis 18 firmly connected, for example in one piece, be formed with this, and would be rotatable with this. The drum-shaped pot 6 can be around the rotation axis 18 rotate.

The pot 6 rotates in a fixed him, at least partially, frontally and circumferentially comprehensive housing, as a conical ring 27 can be designed. Innwandig are in the annular housing 27 Strömungsführungsnuten 43 . 45 . 46 . 47 incorporated. The groove 43 serves as a supply channel for a heated, compressed, over a feeding communication line 13 delivered fluid 2 to a working cylinder 14 or to its working piston 4 , The groove 45 serves as a discharge channel of relaxed fluid 2 from a working cylinder 14 into a laxative communication line 13 , The groove 46 serves as a supply channel for a cooled, relaxed, via an incoming communication line 13 delivered fluid 2 to a delivery cylinder 14 or to its delivery piston 5 , The groove 47 serves as a discharge channel of relaxed fluid 2 from a delivery cylinder 14 into a laxative communication line 13 , The grooves 43 . 45 . 46 . 47 can instead in the housing ring 27 also outside wall in the pot wall 28 of the pot 6 be incorporated. In the grooves 43 . 45 . 46 . 47 may be the medium used to drive the machine 38 collect. As a suitable medium 38 can serve for example air. Here are each an advancing groove for all delivery cylinders 46 and a laxative groove 47 in front seen. Likewise, for each cylinder each one feeding groove 43 and a laxative groove 45 intended. However, it is also conceivable and possible for each delivery cylinder a separate feeding groove 43 and a separate laxative groove 45 and also for each cylinder a separate feeding groove 46 and a separate laxative groove 47 provided.

The engine 1 is in the schematic diagram of 1 in the closed circuit of an engine installation according to the invention 99 built-in. The closed circuit points next to the engine 1 also a kettle 34 and a heat exchanger 36 on. The kettle 34 serves to heat or heat the fluid 2 , The fluid 2 can also be referred to as a working medium.

The kettle 34 indicates a boiler inlet 34a on which the relaxed and cooled fluid 2 one from the pot 6 to the kettle 34 leading communication line 13 removes and into the boiler 34 initiates. Here, this fluid shows 2 from the engine 1 laxative communication line 13 a check valve 31 on, which prevents heated, pressurized fluid 2 from the kettle 34 undesirable in the carrier 1a can flow back. The check valve 31 could also be closer to the boiler 34 , for example in the boiler inlet 34a be installed. It is designed here as a simple spiral spring-biased ball valve. A similar check valve can be used as a sniffer valve to reload outflowed and lost air from the cycle process in a line route 37 deploy.

The kettle 34 has a heating section 33 which, due to heating by the fuel used, such as wood or coal, heat energy into the fluid 2 einspeichert. Because the fluid 2 , such as air or carbon dioxide, in the boiler 34 even and in the boiler process 34b and in the fluid 2 to the engine 1 leading line 37 and also in the subsequent leading to the pot from the outside feeding communication line 13 can not expand, increases due to the heating of the pressure of the fluid 2 at. It is thus out of the boiler 34 about the boiler process 34b and the communication line 13 in the groove 43 pressed.

Out of the groove 43 can the fluid 2 only ever in a working cylinder 14 or to its working piston 4 penetrate when the pot 6 in the course of its rotation, a first fluid exchange opening 8th with the groove 43 communicating. This condition is for the lowest of the four working cylinders 14 in 1 given. The compressed fluid 2 thus shares its pressure in this condition on all sides in the lowest working cylinder 14 With. In particular, the working piston 4 pressurized. Because the working piston 4 but over his connecting rod 17 at the off-center rotation shaft 15 can rest in the pot 6 over the cylinder head of the lowest working cylinder 14 through the fluid 2 an impulse imprinted. Because the pot 6 due to its storage only a rotational degree of freedom about the axis of rotation 18 and the working piston 4 at the off-center rotation shaft 15 supports and the working cylinder 14 stuck with the pot 6 is connected, that of the fluid 2 in the cylinder head embossed pulse in the result in a torque about the axis of rotation 18 transforms the pot 6 in a rotation 7 added. The rotation 7 is in 1 indicated as an arrow. The rotation 7 is a direction of rotation 10 assigned. Because the rotation 7 in 1 is clockwise, which points the direction of rotation 10 symbolizing arrow normal to the leaf level away from the viewer.

Because of the rotation 7 of the pot 6 and the essentially unchangeable length of the connecting rod 17 which is the working piston 4 to the rotation shaft 15 ties, the head of the working piston moves away 4 in the wake of his escaping with the pot periphery cylinder head. The fluid 2 expanded and the pressure in the working cylinder 14 sinks. After a rotation of 180 °, the direction of the relative height adjustment of the pot is reversed 6 attached cylinder 14 in relation to the rotation shaft 15 around. The considered working cylinder 14 now approaches the rotation shaft again 15 , This causes that in the working cylinder 14 axially displaceable working piston 4 the enclosed volume in the cylinder 14 ie the cylinder space above its piston crown 12 , downsized. Because in this phase of rotation, the fluid exchange opening 8th of the considered working cylinder 14 in communication with the groove 45 is, it comes to the discharge of the expanded fluid 2 about one with the groove 45 communicating second fluid exchange opening 9 out of the cylinder 14 , This is the working and exhaust stroke of the considered working cylinder 4 finished and the process begins again. The rotation 7 of the pot 6 is maintained as long as compressed fluid 2 in the groove 43 is available.

The relaxed fluid 2 flows in the sequence of the groove 45 via the laxative communication line 13 to the heat exchanger 36 and will be there in a cooling section 35 cooled, for example to about 70 ° to 80 ° C.

Like the schematic diagram in 1 shows, provide the fluid exchange opening 8th . 9 one with respect to the direction of rotation 10 of the pot 6 radial flow guide 11 at the transition to a cylinder chamber 12 ,

Rotate simultaneously with the working cylinders also the angular offset feed cylinder with the pot 6 , This means that while the power cylinder as described above, the rotation 7 maintained, those delivery cylinders, which in communication with the groove 46 stand, with their delivery pistons 5 the fluid 2 over a line 37 and an incoming communication line 13 and the groove 46 and a respective first fluid exchange opening 8th suck in their cylinder rooms. Looking at the left of the two lower conveyor cylinder of the carrier 1a , it can be seen that its delivery piston 5 located at top dead center. In the course of the further rotation, the delivery cylinder moves away from the rotation shaft 15 while his delivery piston 15 over his connecting rod 17 at a constant distance to the rotation shaft 15 is held. The sucked fluid 2 is transported in rotation in this way.

After a rotation of 180 ° changes the relative height adjustment of the considered conveyor cylinder direction, ie, the delivery cylinder head approaches its delivery piston 5 , The volume of the cylinder space 12 shrinks accordingly. Because the communication of the fluid exchange opening 8th of the delivery cylinder with the groove 46 because of the further rotation of the pot 6 is now interrupted, the fluid 2 in the decreasing cylinder space 12 compressed until the rotation has progressed so far that the delivery cylinder via its fluid exchange opening 9 with the groove 47 can communicate. While communicating with the groove 47 the delivery cylinder presses the fluid 2 the resistance of the check valve 31 overcoming the laxative communication line 13 into the boiler inlet 34a , The cycle is closed. The circulation of the fluid 2 starts again.

As now shown, the fluid exchange openings allow 8th . 9 a flow guide between outside to the pot 6 leading communication lines 13 and in cylinders 14 running piston 3 , The engine 1 provides slide plate free only about the self-rotation of their designed as a housing pot 6 the closing speed of the fluid exchange openings 8th . 9 depending on the rate of expansion of the fluid 2 , which is in particular pressurized heated air, automatically on.

A principle to be represented process for heat-power conversion can be 1 remove. The pistons 3 are on the piston stroke axis 39 fixed. The pistons 3 change expansion spaces 40 , Due to the rotational movement of a part of the almost circular housing 41 become fluid change openings 8th . 9 opened and closed. The housing 41 is on a stationary support frame 42 held. Part of the housing 41 can be to the stationary rest of the housing 41 be moved rotationally. For this purpose, the transfer flanges 121 . 227 . 327 (to see in 2 and 3 ) is rotated in a passage position and a closed position.

2 shows a longitudinal section in an axial-radial plane through a first real embodiment of an engine according to the invention 101 , at the working machine and carrier in a pot 106 are united.

Here's how the pistons look 104 . 105 on the off-center rotary shaft 115 are lined up next to each other. The rotation shaft 115 and the rotation axis 118 are stationary here. The pistons 104 . 105 are in elongated, axial direction of the cylindrical pot 106 distributed. They carry with the pot 106 synchronously co-rotating in the course of a working or a pumping cycle, the fluid 102 from a first fluid exchange port 108 to a second fluid exchange opening 109 , The pot 106 itself rotates about the longitudinal central axis 144 ,

The cylinders 114 provide on the way from a flow opening 120 to the next fluid-tight, closed, the enclosing volumes variable cylinder chambers 112 ,

Furthermore, the radial flow guide according to the invention 111 at the transition to a cylinder room 112 in 2 clear to see. In this illustration it becomes clear that the main movement 116 the piston, which is symbolically indicated by a double arrow for the working cylinder bottom right, to the direction of rotation 110 the engine 101 orthogonal lies.

The piston movement in the cylinders 114 one with the direction of rotation 110 the engine 101 perform identical rotational movement is by an angular movement of the connecting rod 117 each of a piston so balanced that the eccentric to the axis of rotation 118 of the pot 106 arranged rotary shaft 115 the piston the pistons to the central axis 119 the rotary shaft 115 equidistant leaves. Therefore, the engine offers 101 a piston stroke axis 139 on which are the pistons 104 . 105 in their closed sequences of motion.

The at the pot 106 attached cylinder 114 lead a relative height adjustment through the axis of rotation 118 of the pot 106 by.

The fluid exchange openings 108 . 109 include flow openings 120 , The flow openings 120 are several times over the circumference of the pot 106 distributed, arranged on different contour lines.

Each piston has its own flow hole voltage 120 assigned. The flow openings 120 form with innwandigem underflow of stationary attached transfer flanges 121 , which are designed in a circular arc, the fluid exchange openings 108 . 109 ,

The pot 106 and the transfer flanges 121 stand in a heartfelt touch. The contact is gap-free or with a very small gap. The conical ring is used for this purpose 127 , Spring preloaded round seals 122 . 123 . 124 , the double-sealing side by side, alternately in the opposite side of the pot 106 and the transfer flange 121 when inserted, form a sealed connection of the fluid exchange openings 108 . 109 ( 5 and 6 ). The spring preload is by means in blind holes 149 recessed coil springs 148 generated. In some of the blind holes 149 is lubricating oil via an oil supply line 181 directed. For oil lubrication, see below 7 and the explanations.

The pistons are rotatably mounted via connecting rods 125 at right angles to spacers 126 reached. The rotatability of the connecting rods 125 is here by ball bearings 150 reached. The spacers 126 are on the rotation shaft 115 staggered so that alternately each a piston of the first type and a piston of the second type are arranged angularly offset from each other, wherein all the pistons in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 115 lined up.

The fluid exchange openings 108 . 109 include a conical ring 127 that with the rotation axis 118 of the pot 116 coincides concentrically. The ring 127 provides in the axial direction beveled, screwed on both sides of the flow guide, a pot wall 128 reinforcing covers 129 of the pot 106 represents.

The ring 127 includes a multiple angular degree of the pot 106 sweeping flow guidance, their orientation by deflections from the communication line 113 coming to the transition to the cylinder space 112 changed several times.

A check valve 131 prevents cool, compressed air against backflow 132 in a delivery piston 105 ,

The pan closed on all sides 106 is by means of a ball bearing 151 rotatable from the axis of rotation 118 held. He has a wreath on one of his faces 152 with an internal sprocket on. The wreath pinion 152 is engaged with an output pinion 153 , which with a fixed ball-bearing output shaft 154 connected is. About the output shaft 154 mechanical kinetic energy is delivered to an electric generator, which is not shown.

3 shows a second embodiment in which the pot 206 open on one side. The wreath pinion 252 here has a ring gear formed on the outer circumference of the pinion. The wreath pinion 252 is engaged with an output pinion 253 , which with a fixed ball-bearing output shaft 254 connected is. About the output shaft 254 mechanical kinetic energy is delivered to an electric generator, which is not shown. The output shaft 254 is here compared to the first embodiment because of the other training of the sprocket 252 further peripherally arranged. The pot 206 goes up to its centrally located storage location. About an intermediate piece, which sits on the bearing shaft, the rotary shaft is connected to the bearing shaft. On one side of the rotary shaft 215 all working pistons are arranged, on the other side of the rotary shaft all delivery pistons are arranged. The wave is in one piece, so to speak, in two parts. One half is intended for receiving the working piston and one half for receiving the delivery pistons. As can be seen from the ball bearings rotate the pot 206 with its attached to it cylinders with pistons and connecting rods, the pinion 252 and 253 and the output shaft 254 , The rest of the heat engine stands still.

4 shows a third embodiment of an engine 301 , which is similar to the first embodiment. The third embodiment has a start valve 330 this is a reload stretch to a filled working cylinder 314 releases.

The conical ring 327 is here, as well as in 3 With 227 pictured, part of the pot 306 , The conical ring 327 can be tapered on one side and so nachform the piping leading to it and simulate.

The pistons 304 . 305 are tangential from the radial arrangement of the cylinder orientation to the pot 306 deflected. The deflection is about 5 ° from the vertical to the pot wall 328 ,

The cylinders 314 are with metal bands 355 , like bells, at the rear end wall of the pot 306 screwed. They could also be welded on. You could also be integrally formed with the pot.

Alternative, not further illustrated embodiments of the present invention Invention can sought in other types of cylinder attachment to the inner wall of the pot become.

7 shows a cross section through an embodiment of a heat according to the invention powerful motors 401 , The thermal engine 401 is made up of cylinders 414 together, that as a carrier 401 work, and from cylinders 414 acting as a work machine 401b work. Regardless of the axis of rotation 418 have the connecting rods 417 on an axis of rotation 418 parallel axis. Along the axis of rotation 418 are oil funnels 483 lined up, of which over oil supply lines 481 the lubricating oil to the cylinders 414 by the rotational force of the thermal engine 401 can be brought. To every cylinder 414 is an oil funnel 483 with connected oil supply 481 provided, the oil supply 481 outward from the axis of rotation 418 going off to the pot 406 approach leads. In the pot 406 are longitudinal lines 484 provided, the angled to the respective oil supply 481 the lubricating oil to the rotating surface of the rotating pot 406 can forward. The pot 406 is in a support frame 442 held. Inside the support frame 442 can be an oil sump 485 be placed. From the oil sump 485 is via oil deflectors 480 in sufficient amount of oil in the interior of the pot 406 lifted. That on the axis of rotation 418 whipping oil gets in the oil funnels 483 collected. By capillary action or other suitable transport mechanisms, for example, a rotational force, the oil passes along the oil supply lines 481 to the parts of the pot to be lubricated 406 , Single oil bills 480 are oil passageways 482 assigned. The oil passageways 482 make holes in the pot wall of the pot 406 dar. The oil of the oil sump 485 passes over the oil passageways 482 in the interior of the pot 406 , The rotation axis 418 can as a stop and record plate for stripping the oil funnels 483 of the conveyed in from the oil sump 485 serve originating oil. Every cylinder 414 can be an oil supply 481 and a longitudinal line 484 be assigned. The drum-like pot 406 promotes due to its rotational movements in the oil sump 485 existing oil to its center of rotation. Afterwards, the oil striking and dripping on the axis of rotation becomes oil funnels 483 collected to take a suitable measure in sufficient quantity at selected locations of the pot 406 to be forwarded. Selected digits of the pot 406 are for example the tops of the cylinders 414 where a rotary transition between pot 406 and other components oil lubricated takes place. The oil is directed radially from the center via piping to the outside.

101

Kraftmaschine

102

Fluid

104

Arbeitskolben

105

Förderkolben

106

Topf

108

erste Fluidwechselöffnung

109

zweite Fluidwechselöffnung

110

Rotationsrichtung

111

radiale Strömungsführung

112

Zylinderraum

113

Kommunikationsleitung

114

Zylinder

115

Rotationswelle

116

Hauptbewegung

117

Pleuel

118

Rotationsachse

119

Mittelachse

120

Strömungsöffnung

121

Übergabeflansche

122

Runddichtung

123

Runddichtung

124

Runddichtung

125

Pleuelstange

126

Abstandshalter

127

konischer Ring

128

Topfwand

129

Abdeckung

131

Rückschlagsventil

132

Rückströmung

139

Kolbenhubachse

144

Längsmittelachse

148

Spiralfeder

149

Sacklochbohrung

150

Kugellager

151

Kugellager

152

Kranzritzel

153

Abtriebsritzel

154

Abtriebswelle

181

Ölzuleitung

First embodiment (particularly preferred)

101

combustion engine

102

fluid

104

working piston

105

delivery piston

106

pot

108

first fluid exchange opening

109

second fluid exchange opening

110

direction of rotation

111

radial flow guidance

112

cylinder space

113

communication line

114

cylinder

115

rotary shaft

116

main movement

117

pleuel

118

axis of rotation

119

central axis

120

flow opening

121

Übergabeflansche

122

round seal

123

round seal

124

round seal

125

connecting rod

126

spacer

127

conical ring

128

pot wall

129

cover

131

check valve

132

backwash

139

piston stroke

144

Longitudinal central axis

148

spiral spring

149

Blind hole

150

ball-bearing

151

ball-bearing

152

crown gear

153

output pinion

154

output shaft

181

oil supply

206

Topf

215

Rotationswelle

227

Ring

252

Kranzritzel

253

Abtriebsritzel

254

Abtriebswelle

second embodiment (further preferred)

206

pot

215

rotary shaft

227

ring

252

crown gear

253

output pinion

254

output shaft

301

Kraftmaschine

306

Topf

304

Arbeitskolben

305

Förderkolben

314

Zylinder

327

Ring

328

Topfwand

330

Startventil

355

Metallbänder

401

Wärmekraftmotor

401a

Fördermaschine

401b

Arbeitsmaschine

406

Topf

414

Zylinder

417

Pleuel

418

Rotationsachse

442

Traggestell

480

Ölablenkblech

481

Ölzuleitung

482

Öldurchtrittskanal

483

Öltrichter

484

Längsleitung

485

Ölsumpf

third embodiment

301

combustion engine

306

pot

304

working piston

305

delivery piston

314

cylinder

327

ring

328

pot wall

330

starting valve

355

metal bands

401

Heat engine

401

carrier

401b

working machine

406

pot

414

cylinder

417

pleuel

418

axis of rotation

442

supporting frame

480

Ölablenkblech

481

oil supply

482

Oil passageway

483

oil funnel

484

longitudinal line

485

oil sump

Claims (15)

Engine ( 1 . 101 . 301 . 401 ) with at least two different types of reciprocating pistons ( 3 . 4 . 5 . 104 . 105 . 304 . 305 ), which are applied for a power stroke or pump stroke, which together in their cylinders ( 14 . 114 . 314 . 414 ) with an enclosing pot ( 6 . 106 . 206 . 306 . 406 ) on a rotary shaft ( 15 . 115 . 215 ), characterized in that by rotation ( 7 ) of the pot ( 6 . 106 . 206 . 306 . 406 ) synchronized with all rotating parts ( 3 . 6 . 106 . 206 . 306 . 406 . 4 . 104 . 304 . 5 . 105 . 305 . 14 . 114 . 314 . 414 . 15 . 115 . 215 ), fluid exchange openings ( 8th . 9 . 108 . 109 ) are opened, one with respect to the direction of rotation ( 10 . 110 ) of the pot ( 6 . 106 . 206 . 306 . 406 ) radial flow guide ( 11 . 111 ) at the transition to a cylinder space ( 12 . 112 ) and provide flow guidance between outside to the pot ( 6 . 106 . 206 . 306 . 406 ) leading communication lines ( 13 . 113 ) and in cylinders ( 14 . 114 . 314 . 414 ) running piston ( 3 . 4 . 5 . 104 . 165 . 304 . 305 ). Engine ( 1 . 101 . 301 . 401 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the pistons ( 3 . 4 . 5 . 104 . 105 . 304 . 305 ) on an off-center rotary shaft ( 15 . 115 . 215 ) are juxtaposed, which in particular in the elongated, axial direction of the cylindrical pot ( 6 . 106 . 206 . 306 . 406 ), during a working or a pumping cycle the fluid ( 2 . 102 ) from a first fluid exchange opening ( 8th . 108 ) to a second fluid exchange opening ( 9 . 109 ), the cylinders ( 14 . 114 . 314 . 414 ) on the way from a flow opening ( 120 ) to the next fluid-tight, closed, the enclosing volumes variable cylinder chambers ( 12 . 112 ) and wherein preferably all rotational movements of moving machine parts ( 3 . 4 . 104 . 304 . 5 . 105 . 305 . 6 . 106 . 206 . 306 . 406 . 14 . 114 . 314 . 414 . 15 . 115 . 215 ) proceed at the same angular velocity. Engine ( 1 . 101 . 301 . 401 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the main movement ( 16 . 116 ) the piston to the direction of rotation ( 10 . 110 ) of the engine ( 1 . 101 . 301 . 401 ) is orthogonal, preferably the piston movement in the cylinders ( 14 . 114 . 414 ), one with the direction of rotation ( 10 . 110 ) of the engine ( 1 . 101 . 301 . 401 ) can perform identical rotational movement, by an angular movement of the connecting rod ( 17 . 117 . 417 ) each of a piston is balanced so that the off-center to the axis of rotation ( 18 . 118 . 418 ) of the pot ( 6 . 106 . 206 . 306 . 406 ) arranged rotary shaft ( 15 . 115 ) of the pistons the pistons to the central axis ( 119 ) of the rotary shaft ( 15 . 115 ) equidistant while the pot ( 6 . 106 . 206 . 306 . 406 ) attached cylinders ( 14 . 114 . 414 ) a relative height adjustment by the axis of rotation ( 18 . 118 . 418 ) of the pot ( 6 . 106 . 206 . 306 . 406 ) carry out. Engine ( 1 . 101 . 301 . 401 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fluid exchange openings ( 8th . 9 . 108 . 109 ) Flow openings ( 120 ), in particular several times over the circumference of the pot ( 6 . 106 . 206 . 306 . 406 ) are arranged on different contour lines, each piston having its own flow opening ( 120 ) associated with inwandigem underflow of stationary attached transfer flanges ( 121 ), which are in particular circular arc-shaped, the fluid exchange openings ( 8th . 9 . 108 . 109 ) form. Engine ( 1 . 101 . 301 . 401 ) according to claim 4, characterized in that the pot ( 6 . 106 . 206 . 306 . 406 ) and the transfer flanges ( 121 ) are in intimate contact, in particular by means of spring-loaded round seals ( 122 . 123 . 124 ), which are preferably double-sealing side by side, alternately in the respective opposite side of the pot ( 6 . 106 . 206 . 306 . 406 ) and the transfer flange ( 121 ) in order to provide a sealed connection of the fluid exchange openings ( 8th . 9 . 108 . 109 ) to build. Engine ( 1 . 101 . 301 . 401 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the engine ( 1 . 101 . 301 . 401 ) slide plate free only about the self-rotation of their designed as a housing pot ( 6 . 106 . 206 . 306 . 406 ) the closing speed of the fluid exchange openings ( 8th . 9 . 108 . 109 ) depending on the rate of expansion of the fluid ( 2 . 102 ), which is in particular pressurized heated air, automatically adjusts. Engine ( 1 . 101 . 301 . 401 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pistons via rotatably arranged connecting rods ( 125 ), such as ball bearings bearing connecting rods ( 125 ), at right angles to spacers ( 126 ) are mounted on the rotary shaft ( 115 ) are staggered so that alternately each a piston of the first type ( 4 . 104 . 304 ) and a piston of the second type ( 5 . 105 . 305 ) are angularly offset from one another, wherein all pistons ( 3 . 4 . 5 . 104 . 105 . 304 . 305 ) in the axial direction ( 119 ) of the rotary shaft ( 15 . 115 ) are lined up. Engine ( 1 . 101 . 301 . 401 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fluid exchange openings ( 8th . 9 . 108 . 109 ) at least one conical ring ( 27 . 127 . 327 ), preferably a number of rings equal to the number of pistons ( 27 . 127 . 327 ), which coincides with the axis of rotation ( 18 . 118 . 418 ) of the pot ( 6 . 106 . 206 . 306 . 406 ) concentrically coincide, the ring ( 327 ) in particular in the axial direction beveled, screwed on both sides of the flow guide, a pot wall ( 28 . 128 . 328 ) reinforcing covers ( 129 ) of the pot ( 6 . 106 . 206 . 306 . 406 ). Engine ( 1 . 101 . 301 . 401 ) according to claim 8, characterized in that the ring ( 27 . 127 . 327 ) a multiple angular degree of the pot ( 6 . 106 . 206 . 306 . 406 ) sweeping flow guidance, in particular their orientation by deflections from the communication line ( 13 . 113 ) coming to the transition to the cylinder space ( 12 . 112 ) changed several times. Engine ( 1 . 101 . 301 . 401 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a start valve ( 330 ) a reloading path to a filled cylinder ( 14 . 114 ) and a check valve ( 131 ) cool, compressed air against backflow ( 132 ) in a delivery piston ( 5 . 105 . 305 ) stops. Engine ( 1 . 101 . 301 . 401 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the working pistons ( 4 . 104 . 304 ), preferably the reciprocating pistons ( 3 ), tangentially from the radial arrangement of the cylinder orientation to the pot ( 6 . 106 . 206 . 306 . 406 ) are deflected, in particular in an angular range between 5 ° and 15 °, preferably by 10 °, from the perpendicular to the pot wall ( 128 ). Engine ( 1 . 101 . 301 . 401 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it works with expanding fluids under pressure and / or temperature changes, and in particular the reciprocating pistons ( 3 ) at least one working piston ( 4 . 104 . 304 ) and at least one delivery piston ( 5 . 105 . 305 ). Engine plant ( 99 ) comprising an engine ( 1 . 101 . 201 . 301 . 401 ) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a heating section ( 33 ), in particular a boiler ( 34 ), and a cooling line ( 35 ), in particular a heat exchanger ( 36 ), between which preferably lines ( 37 ), with the engine ( 1 . 101 . 201 . 301 . 401 ) are arranged, wherein during the same rotational movement of the pot ( 6 . 106 . 206 . 306 . 406 ) both the fluid ( 2 . 102 ) relaxes in one stroke as well as the fluid ( 2 . 102 ) is compressed in a pumping stroke, and the piston carrying out the power stroke ( 4 . 104 . 304 ) and the piston pump ( 5 . 105 . 305 ) in the same pot ( 6 . 106 . 206 . 306 . 406 ) arranged around the same axis of rotation ( 18 . 118 ) rotate. Heat-power conversion process of a closed fluidic system ( 99 ) with an engine ( 1 . 101 . 201 . 301 . 401 ) one of claims 1 to 12 in the same operation rotating working energy winning the cooled medium ( 38 ) compressing, rotating, whereby the fluid ( 2 . 102 ) from a cylinder space ( 12 . 112 ) in the axial direction in the rotating progress of the pot ( 6 . 106 . 206 . 306 . 406 ) is ausbringbar. Heat-power conversion method according to claim 14, characterized in that a rotation ( 7 ) about an off-center piston stroke axis ( 39 . 139 ) in a co-rotating rotating box-like pot ( 6 . 106 . 206 . 306 . 406 ) Expansion spaces ( 40 ) for heated, pressurized air ( 2 . 102 . 38 ), wherein by the rotational movement slide plate free the housing ( 41 ) Fluid exchange openings ( 8th . 9 . 108 . 109 ) alternately in a uniform sequence by a driving under a locally on a support frame ( 42 . 442 ) fixed transfer flange ( 121 . 327 ) and in particular in this case by a single revolution of the pot ( 6 . 106 . 206 . 306 . 406 ) all fluid change openings ( 8th . 9 . 108 . 109 ) are open once.