DE102007037981A1 - Colored security document customization - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device (41) for colored individualization of security documents (42) as well as security documents (42) with a document body (43) for colored individualization. In such a document body (43), starting materials are stored in the interior, which can be excited by means of a localized energy input specifically for the formation of nanoparticles (21; 49) of different shape and / or different local concentration, wherein a color impression of the nanoparticles of their shape and / or dependent on their concentration. To individualize a security document (42) with such a document body (43), energy is deliberately introduced locally at a location at which a colored color impression is to be brought about in the document body (43) in order to store an individualizing information about the color impression produced. The device (41) for individualization comprises an energy source by means of which energy can be introduced in a controlled manner into the document body (43).

Description

The The invention relates to a method and a device for colored Individualization of security documents that comprise a document body, as well as security documents for colored individualization with a Document body and a method of making the same.

security documents are documents that are against imitation, adulteration and / or a duplication protected by means of security elements are. Security documents thus include, for example, identity cards, Passports, ID cards, access control cards, tax stamps, tickets, Driving licenses, motor vehicle papers, banknotes, checks, Postage stamps, credit cards, any chip cards and self-adhesive labels (eg for product protection). Such security documents, some Also referred to as value documents, typically a substrate, a print layer and optionally a transparent cover layer. A substrate is a support structure onto which the print layer applied with information, pictures, patterns and the like becomes. As materials for a substrate are all customary Materials on paper and / or plastic basis in question.

Lots modern security documents comprise a document body, the at least one, preferably more, most preferably exclusively several interconnected layers of plastic includes. This document body has one or more Security elements. To put some kind of security elements in such a card body introduced individualizing Information, such as a serial number, a badge number, personal data, such as name and / or date of birth, biometric data, for example pictures (passport pictures), size and / or eye color, etc.

From the prior art it is known to introduce such individualizing information inside the document body consisting of plastic materials. For this purpose, energy is introduced into the plastic material via a laser and this causes a pyrolysis, which leads to a carbonization and thus blackening at the places where energy is introduced into the plastics. Such a method is for example in the EP 0 975 148 A1 described. The attachment of the individualizing information inside the document body has the advantage that they are particularly well protected against wear and falsification.

From the prior art, it is also known to introduce colorful individualizations in card body. From the DE 100 53 264 A1 For example, a method for writing data, in particular personalization data, on and / or in a data carrier by means of electromagnetic radiation is known, wherein in the method any data carrier is provided on and / or in which at least one colorant is at least locally provided, and this Colorant is irradiated by means of the electromagnetic radiation of at least one wavelength range, so that there is a change in the color of the colorant by bleaching in the region of the irradiation, said color being detectable by machine and / or by a human eye.

In the DE 199 55 383 A1 a method for applying colored information to an object is described, wherein the article has at least in a near-surface layer at least two different coloring particles which change the color of this layer under the influence of laser radiation, wherein the laser radiation is used with at least two different wavelengths, to change the color of this layer, and the application of laser radiation to the object in the vector and / or raster method via a Zweikoordinatenstrahlablenkeinrichtung and a focusing device for focusing the laser radiation is applied to the layer of the object. In this method, absorbing color pigments are bleached by the different wavelengths in different wavelength ranges in order to change a color impression.

From the DE 103 16 034 A1 a method for generating information in a carrier body is known, in which a simple long-term stable information against light and moisture is to be generated in the carrier body by simple means. For this purpose, those reaction conditions are set for a number of held in the carrier body starting materials in a localized portion of the carrier body by laser irradiation, which cause these starting materials to a synthesis reaction. Here, complex reaction processes are selected, which can only be specifically triggered by laser irradiation and not by sunlight to synthesize colored substances. A colored substance here is a substance that is colored regardless of its size and shape. In this way, different colored substances can be synthesized. However, the problematic is the targeted controllability of the individual colors. Another problem is to perform the color-forming reactions spatially resolved and without quenching to achieve a clear color.

The invention is thus the technical Pro It is the object of the invention to provide a method and a device as well as a document body of a security document and a method for its production, with which it is possible to carry out a colored individualization, preferably after a production of the document body itself, in a simple manner.

The Problem is inventively by a method with the features of claim 1, a security document with the features of claim 11 and a device with the features of claim 22 solved. Advantageous Embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

Therefor is intended to use nanoparticles whose interaction with electromagnetic radiation, d. H. also with light in the visible wavelength range, depends on quantum mechanical effects, which by their Shape and / or a local concentration of nanoparticles influenced are. For this purpose, a method for colored individualization security documents that comprise a document body, are kept in the starting materials by a localized targeted energy input locally to a creation or change of nanoparticles that produce a color impression, are excited wherein a shape and / or a concentration of the nanoparticles locally in the document body depending on the energy input is and wherein the color impression of the nanoparticles of their shape and / or local concentration, proposed, in which locally targeted energy is introduced at one point, at the a colored color impression in the document body be brought about to an individualizing Information about the induced color impression save. It is thus a security document, which a colored personalizable document body includes, created at which held in the interior of the document body starting materials are targeted by means of a localized energy input Formation of nanoparticles of different shape and / or different Concentration are excitable, the shape and / or concentration is dependent on the energy input and wherein a color impression of Nanoparticles depending on their shape and / or their concentration is. A device for customizing a said security document with a security document body comprises a document body holder for receiving the document body, an energy source for localized introduction of the energy input into the document body, to change the color impression specifically so that a individualizing information in the document body is stored by the effected color impression. A security document with a color-customizable document body created by the starting materials in a production of the document body in to be incorporated with this.

at a document body made of several layers by means of lamination can the starting materials, for example by printing be introduced between two layers before lamination.

Under The shape of the nanoparticles becomes their size and secondly understood their geometric shape. nanoparticles from semiconductor materials contained in the solid state material (bulk) have a bandgap of preferably less than 2 electron volts, often show a so-called size quantization effect, when a particle size becomes smaller and smaller nanoparticles varies in the range of a few nanometers or below. The smaller The nanoparticle of this semiconductor becomes larger becomes the bandgap. Thus, the bandgap energy is depending on the size, d. H. the figure, the nanoparticles. With the bandgap energy is turn the absorption behavior of electromagnetic radiation linked. Thus changes with a change in bandgap energy also a color of the nanoparticle, d. H. the color impression you get upon viewing the nanoparticle. For certain Types of nanoparticles will be the color impression, i. H. their absorption behavior, mainly influenced by their surface shape. The particles become so-called surface plasmons stimulated. These are crucial to a form of nanoparticles dependent. Without a change in volume, only by changing the shape of the nanoparticle, for example an aspect ratio in a rod-shaped Nanoparticles, formed from longitudinal expansion to transverse strain, its absorption behavior can be wavelength-dependent to be changed. With color impression is thus first Line meant an absorption behavior of the nanoparticle. About that In addition, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the color impression also of course the number of in one volume or nanoparticles present on a surface, because the number of particles is the total absorption in the volume or influenced on the surface. This changes However, the course of the absorption spectrum not, but only the Absorption efficiency. When in connection with the invention of is spoken of a change in the color impression is so such due to an increased / decreased absolute absorption not meant.

This is to be distinguished from a change in the color impression of the nanoparticles due to their local concentration. For nanoparticles, where the absorption behavior in the visible spectral range mainly by an excitation of upper Plasmon plasmids is determined, another concentration-dependent effect is added, which changes a wavelength dependence of the absorption and thus a color of the nanoparticles. Quantum-mechanical effects, which are based on the fact that the nanoparticles influence each other and, without forming a chemical bond, change the quantum-mechanical state functions of the electronic system of the individual nanoparticles in such a way that their absorption spectra and hereby their color is changed. For these nanoparticles, the concentration does not lead to a more intense color impression, but to a different color shifted color impression. This effect is referred to herein as a non-particle concentration quantization effect.

about a targeted local energy input into the document body Thus, an education of nanoparticles, d. H. targeted creation or modification of nanoparticles cause and deliberately almost any color of the optical spectral range set locally. This is a simple one Colored individualization of security documents possible.

Important It should be stressed that most proposed systems not introduced energy, usually not as activation energy, need to begin to form nanoparticles or perform a change in the color impression cause. Rather, the starting materials are in the document body introduced that this at normal ambient temperatures the Prevents such color-producing nanoparticles to build. Smallest nanoparticles not by embedding into a matrix, a chemical solution or similar stabilized, for example, tend to larger Nanoparticles grow together. This will total a surface energy the participating nanoparticles reduced. Such a process is going through the embedding in the document body at ambient temperature prevented and runs only from where the document body over the energy input is heated locally.

at In a preferred embodiment, the energy is by means of one or more lasers introduced. Lasers offer the advantage that their light is well focused and so energy in the focus can be supplied specifically localized. With a suitable choice the laser wavelength depends on the material, from which the document body is made possible, Inside the document body, a colorful individualization and not just on a surface. Further offers the energy input by means of one or more lasers has the advantage that modulates the laser intensity and / or the laser frequency can be to the energy input and over here the educational process of a desired color impression to control inducing nanoparticles.

The Starting materials comprise in a preferred embodiment Nanoparticles whose banklap energy due to the size quantization effect greater than the photon energy of visible light is. These nanoparticles of the starting materials can through a targeted energy input into the document body to make them larger Nanoparticles grow together and so due to the size quantization effect their absorption spectrum and thus their color and the color impression change.

Prefers Thus, in one embodiment, the starting materials embedded in a matrix. This is preferably designed such that the constituents of the starting materials only move in the matrix can, if energy is entered into the matrix and this is heated by it.

at a particularly preferred embodiment is provided that the matrix of a polycarbonate, in particular bisphenol A polycarbonate consists. Polycarbonates are particularly suitable because they in the visible wavelength range for electromagnetic Radiation are transparent. Nevertheless, by means of a Lasers are generated so high radiation energy densities that the Polycarbonate material can be heated locally targeted.

Around however, to improve absorption of the laser light is at Embodiment of the invention provided that the starting materials Activator material containing a good laser absorption. The activator material can be introduced in concentrations the one transparency impression of the document body not adversely affect and yet a locally targeted absorption of Increase laser light significantly. A laser wavelength can be adapted to a good absorption in an activator material to achieve.

In a preferred development of the invention, it is provided that the activator material comprises zinc oxide ZnO. However, it can be used as activator, other substances, such as carbon black or Iriodin ^®.

In another embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the starting materials additionally or alternatively comprise precursors for the formation of nanoparticles whose absorption behavior is dependent on their shape and / or their local concentration. This means that their color impression depends on their shape and / or their local concentration. As precursor, therefore, such substances are present in the starting materials, which form nanoparticles by a chemical reaction with energy input into the document body and / or cause growth of already existing smallest nanoparticles. By means of a targeted control of the energy supplied, in such an embodiment both a number of the nanoparticles created and their size can be specifically influenced. If a high energy input in a short time, so that heating to a high temperature, for example 180 ° C, is effected locally in the material, so a formation of a large number of nuclei is stimulated. If, on the other hand, an energy supply is chosen such that locally a lower temperature, for example of 120 ° C., results, then only a small formation of new crystallization nuclei takes place, but a size growth of the already existing nanoparticles proceeds at this low temperature.

The local temperature can thus be varied over time by means of a targeted energy supply and a process control can be achieved by way of this, so that an optimum desired color impression, ie a desired color, can be set. As a particularly suitable substance, II-VI semiconductor nanoparticles have been found. However, other suitable systems or substances, for example cadmium phosphide Cd ₃ P ₂ , etc. are also known. In principle, all substances can be used which show a shape-dependent absorption behavior in the visible wavelength range, in particular a size, shape and / or concentration-dependent absorption behavior (again meaning a change in the absorption spectrum (whose wavelength-dependent profile) as a function of the concentration). ,

The particularly suitable II-VI semiconductor nanoparticles typically have a large size quantization effect on. The preferred materials include, for example, cadmium or mercury sulphide, cadmium or mercury selenide, cadmium or mercury telluride, as well as ternary or quaternary Compounds of the aforementioned elements. To a formation of these nanoparticles effect or size growth of already existing nanoparticles to support or stimulate, the starting materials for example, cadmium acetate and / or mercuric acetate and thioacetamide include, from which, when energy input cadmium sulfide or mercury sulfide forms.

at a further embodiment comprises the starting materials form-quantisable nanoparticles, which depend on the energy input change their shape, whereby their color impression of the form is dependent. Form-quantisable nanoparticles can for example, from gold and / or silver and / or alloys thereof consist. The starting materials may, for example, rod-shaped nanoparticles made of gold. By energy input, these nanoparticles be stimulated, moving towards a spherical shape convert. This changes the absorption spectrum, which mainly by surface plasmon excitations is dominated.

a In particular, concentration-dependent color impression Nanoparticles of gold and silver alloys. Their absorption behavior is of a mean distance to an adjacent nanoparticle dependent. In a preferred embodiment of the invention include precursors precursors of substances, Form the colloidal nanoparticles whose color impression of a dependent on local concentration of colloidal nanoparticles is. For example, the starting materials zinc oxide (ZnO) and gold or silver salts. With laser irradiation The ZnO acts as an electron supplier to reduce gold or silver. This can be a growth of nano-colloids of gold and / or silver are excited.

The Introducing the energy is made so that a chemical Degeneration, in particular a depolymerization, pyrolysis or Carbonization, the material of the document body is omitted.

at A preferred embodiment are optical sensors present, which monitors a color impression. The energy supply then becomes dependent on the monitored color impression controlled.

Especially Preferably, the energy is targeted at several locations placed in the document body to the several Make a color impression due to the shape and / or concentration the nanoparticles cause, with the multiple sites give a pattern containing the individualizing information. Preference is given to the different places by the energy input caused different color impressions. This means, that the energy input in different places varies he follows.

following the invention is based on a preferred embodiment explained in more detail. Hereby show:

1 schematically potentials for different sized particles, each for valence and conduction band;

2 Absorption curves for particles of different sizes;

3 a course of the band gap as a function of the particle size for size-quantisable particles;

4 Nanoparticles of different shapes; and

5 a device for individualizing a security document with a color personalized document body.

In 1 are box potentials for the conduction band for three different particle sizes a, b, c 1a . 1b . 1c and corresponding box potentials for the valence band 2a . 2 B . 2c shown. A width 3a . 3b . 3c the individual box potentials 1a . 2a . 1b . 2 B . 1c . 2c is in the box model each dependent on a particle size. The larger the particle, the wider the corresponding box potentials. Here the particle a is the smallest particle and c the largest particle.

Are you determined in these box potentials? 1a - 1c . 2a - 2c in each case the energetically lowest energy levels resulting from consideration of quantum mechanics 4a - 4c of the conduction band or the highest energetic states 5a - 5c of the valence band, different energy differences result for the different large particles a-c 6a - 6c , which can each be associated with a bandgap energy. The energy difference 6a - 6c decreases with increasing particle size. The larger the bandgap of a particle, the higher the energy must be the radiation that is absorbed by this particle.

By contrast, photons whose energy is less than the bandgap energy are not absorbed. This means that as the particle size increases, there is a red shift in the absorption edge. This is schematic in 2 shown. There, the absorption for differently sized particles is plotted against the wavelength. absorption edges 11a - 11c the absorption curves 12a - 12c show a shift to longer wavelengths, ie a redshift with increasing particle size, whose increase by means of an arrow 13 is indicated. With a supply of the particle size shows a corresponding behavior.

For cadmium phosphide Cd ₃ P ₂ the band gap in the solid is 0.55 eV. At a mean particle diameter of 3 nm, the material no longer appears black, but brown. As the diameter decreases further, the color changes to red, orange and yellow until the material appears white at about 1.5 nm and has a bandgap of about 4 eV.

In 3 is the energetic course of the conduction band 15 and the valence band 16 each schematically plotted against the particle size. For small particle size, the bandgap energy is 17 large, for example in the range of 4 eV. Particles of this size appear white. As the particle size increases, the bandgap energy decreases 17 The color changes from yellow to orange, red to brown and finally black.

A similar energetic effect occurs, for example, with rod-shaped gold particles. In 4 is schematically a nanoparticle 21 represented, the aspect ratio, a ratio of a length 22 to a width 23 , decreases. Such a rod-shaped nanoparticle, a nanoparticle with a high aspect ratio, is embedded as a starting material, for example, in a matrix formed of polycarbonate. When this matrix is heated, the nanoparticle is given the opportunity to change its shape. A reduction of the aspect ratio leads to a reduction of the surface and thus a surface energy, so that this conversion of the original rod-shaped nanoparticle 21 only prevented by the matrix. Only when the matrix and the nanoparticle warm up is the nanoparticle given the opportunity to change its shape to a spherical shape. Here, the volume of the nanoparticle remains unchanged. As the aspect ratio changes, its absorption behavior also changes from the infrared to the visible.

In 5 is schematically a device 41 for laser personalization of a security document 42 schematically illustrated, which is a color customizable document body 43 includes. The document body 43 is preferably one of several layers 44 lamination-formed composite body. These layers 44 are preferably formed from one or more thermoplastic materials. Single layers or all layers may be printed before laminating. Furthermore, microchips or other security elements may be incorporated in single or multiple layers. At least one layer, preferably several layers, are formed in such a way that starting materials for forming size-scalable nanoparticles are incorporated in them. The nanoparticles can also be introduced by printing between two layers, for example. A layer is for example made of bisphenol A polycarbonate. This material provides a matrix for the starting materials. In this matrix, for example, smallest nanoparticles of substances are embedded whose bandgap energy is above the energy of photons of visible light. Additionally or alternatively, precursors, for example cadmium acetate and thioacetamide, may be embedded in the matrix. As an activator material is For example, zinc oxide ZnO incorporated into the matrix.

The document body is placed in a document body 55 held.

The device 41 includes a laser as an energy source 45 , This laser 45 generates electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible and / or ultraviolet spectral range. For example, the laser can 45 be selected from the list "YAG: Nd (fundamental wavelength or frequency multiplied: 1064 nm, 532 nm, 355 nm, 266 nm), excimer laser (F ₂ 157 nm, Xe 172 nm), exciplex laser (ArF 193 nm, KrF 248 nm, XeBr 282 nm, XeCl 308 nm, XeF 351 nm), titanium sapphire laser, CO ₂ laser (10.6 μm) or diode laser. "This laser radiation 46 comes with an imaging optics 47 isolated in a range of layers 44 focused, in which the starting materials are incorporated. In a focus 48 becomes the laser radiation 46 preferably absorbed by an activator material, for example zinc oxide (ZnO). This leads to a local hot spot (hot spot), which stimulates formation of cadmium sulfide, which attaches to the activator zinc oxide (ZnO). Depending on the laser intensity, different numbers of nanoparticles form. The higher the laser intensity, ie the higher the temperature of the matrix increases locally, the more nanoparticles are created. If a lower temperature is selected, less or no nanoparticles are created. However, an already existing nanoparticle continues to grow. Here, the size of the nanoparticles changes 49 , Depending on the size, a color impression changes.

In another embodiment, irradiation of the activator material, for example, zinc oxide (ZnO), results in the formation of electron-hole pairs, thereby reducing, for example, metal salt ions, particularly silver (Ag ⁺ ) and gold (Au ³⁺ ), to the corresponding metals and form nanoparticles.

By means of an optical sensor 50 , which is formed, for example, as a color CCD camera, the optical impression is monitored. For this it may be necessary that the document body 43 with a light source 51 is illuminated. The means of the optical sensor 50 detected signals are from a control device 52 which evaluated an energy input via the laser 45 trained energy source 41 controls. The energy source 41 may further include a modulator 54 include, over which the frequency and / or amplitude of the laser is modulated to the energy input into the document body 43 to be able to control. The modulator may be in other embodiments in the laser 45 be integrated.

It results for the skilled person that the energy source also may include multiple lasers, the light of different wavelengths emit. This makes it possible to have different Activator materials optimally stimulate.

at other embodiments may be provided that nanoparticles to change the color impression in several different layers of the document body. Will the laser radiation at the same time or with a time delay at different points in the Focused on document body, each locally targeted energy to enter and nanoparticles to create an optical color impression in the can produce a colored pattern in the visible spectral range be generated the document body, which is an individualizing Information, such as a name, a passport photo, etc. represents.

at In some embodiments, the document body is even a complete security document or even Value document. In other embodiments, the document body is For example, integrated into a passport.

at In some embodiments, the document body is a multi-layer laminated composite body the different layers different starting materials and / or Concentrations include. This can be up easy way in different layers different color impressions caused by localized energy input. These can be shared give a color pattern. Likewise, the layers can however also include the same starting materials and / or concentrations thereof.

It It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is primarily in the visible spectral range will find application. It is, however Also embodiments conceivable that produce a color impression, The only intended for a machine test is. On the one hand because the color impression caused in the UV or IR spectral range or because of a nanoparticle concentration is generated whose absorption intensity for a human test is not sufficiently high. Here is the intensity ratio of the absorption and does not generate their wavelength-dependent history. Again, the information is changed by the change of a wavelength stored changed color impression. Only a number The produced color-changed nanoparticles are targeted kept low.

The described embodiments are merely exemplary Embodiments. It results for the skilled person that there are a variety of modification options.

1a-1c

potential well of the conduction band

2a-2c

potential well of the valence band

3a-3c

width of the box potential

4a-4c

energy level of the conduction band

5a-5c

energy level of the valence band

6a-6c

energy difference

11a-11c

absorption edge

12a-12c

absorption spectra

13

arrow (in the direction of increasing particle size)

15

conduction band

16

valence

17

binding energy

21

nanoparticles

22

length

23

width

41

contraption for colored individualization of security documents

42

The security document

43

document body

44

layers

45

laser

46

laser radiation

47

imaging optics

48

focus

49

nanoparticles

50

optical sensor

51

light source

52

control

54

modulator

55

Documents Length

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 0975148 A1 [0004]
• - DE 10053264 A1 [0005]
• - DE 19955383 A1 [0006]
• - DE 10316034 A1 [0007]

Claims (25)

Method for colored individualisation of security documents ( 42 ) containing a document body ( 43 ), in which starting materials are stored, which are localized by a localized targeted introduction of energy locally to a creation or modification of nanoparticles ( 21 ; 49 ), wherein a shape and / or a concentration of the nanoparticles ( 21 ; 49 ) locally in the document body ( 43 ) is dependent on the energy input and wherein a color impression of the nanoparticles ( 21 ; 49 ) is dependent on its shape and / or local concentration, in which locally targeted energy is introduced at a location at which a colored color impression in the document body ( 43 ) is to be brought to store an individualizing information about the color impression caused. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the energy by means of a laser ( 45 ) is introduced. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized that the energy is introduced in time varies. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the laser intensity and or laser frequency is modulated to time the energy input to control. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the laser wavelength adjusted is used to achieve good absorption in an activator material, which include the starting materials. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the introduction of the energy is carried out so that a chemical degeneration, in particular a depolymerization, pyrolysis or carbonization, of the material of the document body ( 43 ) is omitted. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that monitors a color impression and the energy input depending on the monitored Color impression is controlled. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the energy in several places localized deliberately introduced into the document body is to color in the several places due to the Nanoparticles cause, with the multiple sites give a pattern containing the individualizing information. Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at the different locations by the energy input different color impressions be caused. Method according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that by variation of the energy input different nanoparticles are generated selectively. Security document ( 42 ), which has a color-customizable document body ( 43 ), in which inside the document body ( 43 ) Are prepared by means of a localized energy input specifically for the formation of nanoparticles ( 21 ; 49 ) of different shape and / or different concentration can be excited, wherein the shape and / or concentration is dependent on the energy input and wherein a color impression of the nanoparticles ( 21 ; 49 ) depends on its shape and / or concentration. Security document ( 42 ) according to claim 11, characterized in that the starting materials comprise nanoparticles whose bandgap energy is larger than the photon energy of visible light due to a size quantization effect. Security document ( 42 ) according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the nanoparticles present in the starting materials tend to a particle size growth causing a size-quantization effect. Security document ( 42 ) according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the starting materials precursor for the formation of nanoparticles ( 21 ; 49 ) having a size quantization effect or shape quantization effect or nanoparticle concentration quantization effect. Security document ( 42 ) according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the starting materials are incorporated in a matrix. Security document ( 42 ) according to one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that the matrix consists of a polycarbonate, in particular a bisphenol A polycarbonate. Security document ( 42 ) according to one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that the starting materials contain activator material which has a good laser absorption. Security document ( 42 ) according to one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that the activator material comprises zinc oxide (ZnO). Security document ( 42 ) after one of the Claims 11 to 18, characterized in that the starting materials form-quantisable nanoparticles ( 21 ; 49 ), which depend on the energy input into the document body ( 43 ) change their shape, the color impression of which depends on the shape. Security document ( 42 ) according to one of claims 11 to 19, characterized in that the starting materials contain precursors of substances which form nano-colloids whose color impression is dependent on a local concentration of the nano-colloids. Security document ( 42 ) according to one of claims 11 to 20, characterized in that the document body ( 43 ) one of several layers ( 44 ) laminated composite is and different of these multiple layers ( 44 ) of the document body ( 43 ) comprise different starting materials. Contraption ( 41 ) for customizing a security document ( 42 ), which can be personalized in color by means of an energy input document body ( 43 ), in which inside the document body ( 43 ) Are provided by means of a localized energy input specifically dependent on the energy input for the formation of nanoparticles ( 21 ; 49 ) of different shape and or number are excitable, wherein a color impression of the nanoparticles ( 21 ; 49 ) depends on its shape and / or concentration, comprising a documentary body ( 55 ) for recording the document body ( 43 ), an energy source for locally introducing the energy input into the document body ( 43 ) to change the color impression so that an individualizing information in the document body ( 43 ) is stored by the color effect caused. Contraption ( 41 ) according to claim 22, characterized in that the energy source is a laser ( 45 ). Contraption ( 41 ) according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that a controller ( 52 ) is coupled to the time control of the energy input to the power source. Contraption ( 41 ) according to one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that an optical sensor ( 50 ) with the controller ( 52 ) is coupled to control the energy input depending on the detected color impression.