DE102007025425A1 - Method for eliminating disturbing fluorescence during fluorescence analysis of objects, involves illuminating object and detecting fluorescence image by illuminated object - Google Patents
Method for eliminating disturbing fluorescence during fluorescence analysis of objects, involves illuminating object and detecting fluorescence image by illuminated object Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102007025425A1 DE102007025425A1 DE200710025425 DE102007025425A DE102007025425A1 DE 102007025425 A1 DE102007025425 A1 DE 102007025425A1 DE 200710025425 DE200710025425 DE 200710025425 DE 102007025425 A DE102007025425 A DE 102007025425A DE 102007025425 A1 DE102007025425 A1 DE 102007025425A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- fluorescence
- image
- fluorescence image
- illumination
- area
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
- G01N21/6456—Spatial resolved fluorescence measurements; Imaging
- G01N21/6458—Fluorescence microscopy
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/12—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for looking at the eye fundus, e.g. ophthalmoscopes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N2021/6417—Spectrofluorimetric devices
- G01N2021/6423—Spectral mapping, video display
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6408—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence with measurement of decay time, time resolved fluorescence
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Eliminierung von störender Fluoreszenz, die im optischen Strahlengang vor dem in seiner Fluoreszenz auszuwertenden Objekt liegt, bei der Auswertung, insbesondere Messung, der Fluoreszenz dieses Objekts. Für medizinische Anwendungen ist die Erfindung beispielsweise zur Fluoreszenzmessung oder -beobachtung des Augenhintergrundes interessant, welche insbesondere durch Störfluoreszenz der Augenlinse beeinträchtigt sein kann. Eine solche Störfluoreszenz entsteht insbesondere durch am Augehintergrund reflektiertes oder in der Augenlinse gestreutes Licht. Die Erfindung ist jedoch nicht auf ophthalmologische Anwendungen beschränkt. Ein weiteres Anwendungsgebiet ist z. B. die Fluoreszenzmikroskopie, bei der die Eigenfluoreszenz der Mikroskopoptik die Beobachtung schwacher Fluoreszenzen des Objektes stören kann.The The invention relates to a method and apparatus for elimination of disturbing fluorescence in the optical path in front of the object to be evaluated in its fluorescence, in which Evaluation, in particular measurement, of the fluorescence of this object. For medical applications, the invention is for example for fluorescence measurement or observation of the ocular fundus interesting, which in particular by Störfluoreszenz the eye lens may be impaired. Such interfering fluorescence originates in particular by reflected or on the awning background light scattered in the eye lens. However, the invention is not limited to ophthalmic applications. Another one Application is z. As fluorescence microscopy, in which the Autofluorescence of the microscope optics the observation of weak fluorescence of the object can interfere.
Das
Prinzip der Aperturblendenteilung zur Beobachtung des Augenhintergrundes
unter Ausschaltung der störenden Reflexe der vorderen Augenmedien
ist seit der Einführung des Augenspiegels nach Helmholtz
(1851) bekannt. Dieses Prinzip schließt auch Fluoreszenzen
der Augenlinse von der Beobachtung aus, sofern diese direkt durch
die Beleuchtung, beispielsweise eines Ophthalmoskops oder einer
Funduskamera, entstehen. Da die Fluoreszenz der Linse jedoch viel
stärker als die Eigenfluoreszenz des Augenhintergrundes
sein kann, ist es möglich, dass die Fluoreszenz des Augenhintergrundes
durch die Fluoreszenz der Linse, welche durch am Augehintergrund
reflektiertes oder in der Linse gestreutes Licht angeregt wird, überstrahlt
wird. Abhilfe kann hier die Verwendung einer Anregungswellenlänge
schaffen, die keine Linsenfluoreszenz anregt (z. B.
Eine
andere Möglichkeit der Unterdrückung des Fluoreszenzlichtes
besteht in der Anwendung der im Scanning Laser Ophthalmoskop (SLO)
realisierten konfokalen Abbildung (
Deshalb
haben Schweitzer et al ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung vorgeschlagen,
die es ermöglicht, die Fluoreszenz in verschiedenen Tiefenebenen
zu messen und miteinander zu verrechnen (
Die
beschriebenen technischen Lösungen sind jedoch sehr speziell
und beschränkt auf die Anwendung in einem konfokalen Scanning
Laser Ophthalmoskop (SLO). Das Verfahren nach
Die
Vorrichtung nach
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, bei beliebiger bildgebender Fluoreszenzauswertung von Objekten störende Fluoreszenz vollständig zu eliminieren, ohne die Fluoreszenzauswertung des zu untersuchenden Objekts zu beeinträchtigen.Of the Invention is based on the object, in any imaging Fluorescence analysis of objects interfering with fluorescence completely eliminate, without the fluorescence evaluation of the object to be examined.
Die Fluoreszenzauswertung (Messung oder Beobachtung) mit besagter Störfluoreszenzeliminierung soll mit beliebigen optischen Systemen, beispielsweise Funduskamera, Scanning Laser Ophthalmoskop, Mikroskop etc., anwendbar sowie mit lediglich einer einzigen Fluoreszenzaufnahme des zu untersuchenden Objekts möglich sein, um insbesondere eventuelle Bewegungsartefakte sowie unterschiedliche Aufnahmebedingungen für die Fluoreszenzbilderfassung auszuschließen.The Fluorescence evaluation (measurement or observation) with said interference fluorescence elimination should with any optical systems, such as fundus camera, Scanning laser ophthalmoscope, microscope, etc., applicable as well with only a single fluorescence image of the examined Object may be possible in particular any movement artifacts as well as different recording conditions for fluorescence imaging excluded.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe in einem beliebigen bildgebenden optischen System zur Fluoreszenzauswertung gelöst, indem bei der Beleuchtung des Objekts zu dessen Fluoreszenzanregung ein lokal begrenzter Bereich des Objekts mittels einer optischen Blende von dieser Beleuchtung abgeschattet wird und das gesamte Fluoreszenzbild des beleuchteten Objekts mit dem von der Beleuchtung abgeschatteten Bereich aufgenommen wird. Aus diesem Fluoreszenzbild wird ein dem abgeschatteten Bereich entsprechendes Störfluoreszenzsignal gewonnen, welches im Strahlengang vor dem Objekt entstehendes (störendes) Licht repräsentiert. Dieses Licht (das im Falle einer Fluoreszenzauswertung des Augenhintergrundes beispielsweise in der Augenlinse entsteht) wird in Intensität, in spektraler Zusammensetzung, im Zeitverhalten etc. separat erfasst und dient dazu, die Werte der Fluoreszenz außerhalb der lokalen Objektabschattung durch die Blende (die als Überlagerung der Fluoreszenz des Objektes mit der besagten Störung in Erscheinung treten) zu korrigieren. Hierzu wird das dem Bereich der lokalen Blendenabschattung des Objekts entsprechende Störfluoreszenzsignal, insbesondere als statistische Größe, beispielsweise als Mittelwert oder als Median, erfasst und für jeden Pixel des Fluoreszenzbildes des Objekts von dessen gesamtem Fluoreszenzsignal subtrahiert. Diese pixelweise Subtraktion zur Störfrequenzeliminierung kann rechentechnisch und damit relativ aufwandgering durchgeführt werden.According to the invention this object is achieved in any imaging optical system for fluorescence evaluation by the illumination of the object to its fluorescence excitation a localized area of the object is shaded by an optical aperture of this illumination and the entire fluorescence image of the illuminated object with that of the lighting shadowed area is recorded. From this fluorescence image, a Störfluoreszenzsignal corresponding to the shaded area is obtained, which in the beam path before the Object (disturbing) light represents. This light (which arises in the case of a fluorescence evaluation of the fundus, for example, in the eye lens) is detected separately in terms of intensity, spectral composition, time response, etc., and serves to determine the values of the fluorescence outside the local shadow of the object through the diaphragm (which is the superposition of the Fluorescence of the object with the said disorder appear). For this purpose, the Störfluoreszenzsignal corresponding to the region of the local aperture shading of the object, in particular as a statistical value, for example as an average or as a median, detected and subtracted for each pixel of the fluorescence image of the object of the total fluorescence signal. This pixel-wise subtraction for Störfrequenzeliminierung can be performed computationally and thus relatively aufwandgering.
Durch die Erfindung gelingt mit nur einer einzigen erforderlichen Fluoreszenzaufnahme vom Objekt eine vollständige und zuverlässige Eliminierung der besagten Störfluoreszenz. Für medizinische Anwendungen (z. B. zur Fluoreszenzmessung oder -beobachtung des Augenhintergrundes, welche insbesondere durch Störfluoreszenz der Augenlinse beeinträchtigt sein kann) ist dieser Vorteil von besonderem Interesse, da für die Fluoreszenzauswertung nicht mehrere Aufnahmen vom Objekt erstellt werden müssen, zumal in der Praxis Bewegungsartefakte sowie unterschiedliche Aufnahmebedingungen kaum auszuschließen sind.By The invention succeeds with only a single required fluorescence recording from the object a complete and reliable Elimination of said interfering fluorescence. For medical applications (eg for fluorescence measurement or observation of the fundus, which in particular by Stör fluorescence the eye lens may be affected) is this advantage Of particular interest, since not for the fluorescence evaluation several shots of the object must be created, especially in practice movement artifacts as well as different recording conditions can hardly be ruled out.
Vorteilhaft ist auch, dass die vorgeschlagene Störfluoreszenzeliminierung für beliebige bildgebende Verfahren und Systeme zur Fluoreszenzauswertung, gleich ob Funduskamera, Scanning Laser Ophthalmoskop, Mikroskop etc., und auch ohne jegliche Beschränkung des Wellenlängenbereiches bei der Fluoreszenzauswertung des Objekts anwendbar ist.Advantageous is also that the proposed Störfluoreszenzeliminierung for any imaging methods and systems for fluorescence evaluation, whether fundus camera, scanning laser ophthalmoscope, microscope etc., and also without any limitation of the wavelength range is applicable in the fluorescence evaluation of the object.
Die Erfindung soll nachstehend anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten ophthalmologischen Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert werden.The Invention will be described below with reference to an illustrated in the drawing ophthalmic embodiment closer be explained.
Eine
Lichtquelle
Für
die Fluoreszenzbeobachtung werden ein optischer Anregungsfilter
Erfindungsgemäß wird
nun eine Blende
Wird
nun in einer zum Objekt (Augenhintergrund
Um die Fluoreszenz spektral oder zeitlich aufzulösen, können auch entsprechende abbildende Spektrographen bzw. Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging(FLIM)-Ausrüstung zur Anwendung kommen (ebenfalls nicht dargestellt).Around the fluorescence spectrally or temporally dissolve, can Also corresponding imaging spectrographs or Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging (FLIM) equipment (also not shown).
Eine grobe spektrale Auflösung kann erzielt werden, indem statt eines CCD-Sensors eine Farb-CCD-Kamera verwendet wird.A coarse spectral resolution can be achieved by taking place a CCD sensor uses a color CCD camera.
Um
dieses Abbild
Zur
Elimination dieser der Fluoreszenz des Augenhintergrundes
Die
pixelweise Subtraktion des Störfluoreszenzsignals vom Fluoreszenzsignal
des Augenhintergrundes
Um
die Lage des durch die Blende
- 11
- Lichtquellelight source
- 22
- AugenhintergrundFundus
- 33
- Lochblendepinhole
- 44
- AperturblendenbilderAperturblendenbilder
- 55
- Augenlinseeye lens
- 66
- Objektivlinseobjective lens
- 77
- Anregungsfilterexcitation filter
- 88th
- Sperrfiltercut filter
- 99
- Blendecover
- 1010
-
Blendenbild
der Blende
9 Aperture picture of the aperture9 - 1111
-
Bildebene
(zum Augenhintergrund
2 konjugiert)Image plane (to the ocular fundus2 conjugated) - 1212
-
Abbild
des Blendenbildes
10 Image of the aperture image10 - 1313
- Bildsensor (z. B. CCD-Matrix)image sensor (eg CCD matrix)
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNGQUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- - DE 102004042197 A1 [0004, 0005] - DE 102004042197 A1 [0004, 0005]
- - DE 102004042198 A1 [0004, 0006] - DE 102004042198 A1 [0004, 0006]
Zitierte Nicht-PatentliteraturCited non-patent literature
- - R. F. Spaide: Fundus autofluorescence and age-related macular degeneration, Ophthalmology 110(2), 2003, p. 392–9 [0002] - RF Spaide: Fundus autofluorescence and age-related macular degeneration, Ophthalmology 110 (2), 2003, p. 392-9 [0002]
- - R. H. Webb and G. W. Hughes: Scanning loser ophthalmoscope, IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 28(7), 1981, p. 488–92 [0003] - RH Webb and GW Hughes: Scanning Loose Ophthalmoscope, IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 28 (7), 1981, p. 488-92 [0003]
- - D. Schweitzer, M. Hammer and F. Schweitzer: Limits of the confocal laser-scanning technique in measurements of time-resolved autofluorescence of the ocular fundus, Biomed Tech (Berl) 50(9), 2005, p. 263–7 [0003] D. Schweitzer, M. Hammer and F. Schweitzer: Limits of the confocal laser-scanning technique in measurements of time-resolved autofluorescence of the ocular fundus, Biomed Tech (Berl) 50 (9), 2005, p. 263-7 [0003]
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200710025425 DE102007025425A1 (en) | 2007-05-30 | 2007-05-30 | Method for eliminating disturbing fluorescence during fluorescence analysis of objects, involves illuminating object and detecting fluorescence image by illuminated object |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200710025425 DE102007025425A1 (en) | 2007-05-30 | 2007-05-30 | Method for eliminating disturbing fluorescence during fluorescence analysis of objects, involves illuminating object and detecting fluorescence image by illuminated object |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE102007025425A1 true DE102007025425A1 (en) | 2008-12-04 |
Family
ID=39917352
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE200710025425 Withdrawn DE102007025425A1 (en) | 2007-05-30 | 2007-05-30 | Method for eliminating disturbing fluorescence during fluorescence analysis of objects, involves illuminating object and detecting fluorescence image by illuminated object |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE102007025425A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007047300A1 (en) | 2007-10-02 | 2009-04-09 | Friedrich-Schiller--Universität Jena Universitätsklinikum Jena | Method and device for precise reflectometric determination of the optical density of the macular pigment xanthophyll on the ocular fundus without interference from stray light, in particular by individual light scattering in the anterior ocular media |
DE102012007113A1 (en) | 2012-04-04 | 2013-10-10 | Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag | Method for determining at least one parameter for the diagnosis or risk assessment of a disease, in particular the risk of a disease of AMD |
EP2668894A1 (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2013-12-04 | National University of Ireland, Galway | Systems and methods for imaging the fundus of the eye |
DE102013008532A1 (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2014-11-20 | Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag | Method for the realization of scattered-corrected fundus images of an eye |
GB2577299A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2020-03-25 | Res & Innovation Uk | Method and apparatus for determining a scattering spectrum of an eye |
DE102018111769B4 (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2020-03-26 | Technische Universität Ilmenau | Device and method for eliminating the influence of upstream layers in spectral measurements on layered objects |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004042198A1 (en) | 2004-08-26 | 2006-03-02 | Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena | Method and device for separating and accurately determining locally effective fluorophores of an object |
DE102004042197A1 (en) | 2004-08-26 | 2006-03-02 | Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena | Selective determination of active fluorophores, e.g. ophthalmologic laser scanning, allows focussing of the excitation beam on selected planes/optical depths in an object by use of lenses |
-
2007
- 2007-05-30 DE DE200710025425 patent/DE102007025425A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004042198A1 (en) | 2004-08-26 | 2006-03-02 | Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena | Method and device for separating and accurately determining locally effective fluorophores of an object |
DE102004042197A1 (en) | 2004-08-26 | 2006-03-02 | Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena | Selective determination of active fluorophores, e.g. ophthalmologic laser scanning, allows focussing of the excitation beam on selected planes/optical depths in an object by use of lenses |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
D. Schweitzer, M. Hammer and F. Schweitzer: Limits of the confocal laser-scanning technique in measurements of time-resolved autofluorescence of the ocular fundus, Biomed Tech (Berl) 50(9), 2005, p. 263-7 |
R. F. Spaide: Fundus autofluorescence and age-related macular degeneration, Ophthalmology 110(2), 2003, p. 392-9 |
R. H. Webb and G. W. Hughes: Scanning loser ophthalmoscope, IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 28(7), 1981, p. 488-92 |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007047300A1 (en) | 2007-10-02 | 2009-04-09 | Friedrich-Schiller--Universität Jena Universitätsklinikum Jena | Method and device for precise reflectometric determination of the optical density of the macular pigment xanthophyll on the ocular fundus without interference from stray light, in particular by individual light scattering in the anterior ocular media |
DE102012007113A1 (en) | 2012-04-04 | 2013-10-10 | Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag | Method for determining at least one parameter for the diagnosis or risk assessment of a disease, in particular the risk of a disease of AMD |
US9179839B2 (en) | 2012-04-04 | 2015-11-10 | Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag | Method for determining at least one diagnosis or risk assessment parameter related to AMD |
EP2668894A1 (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2013-12-04 | National University of Ireland, Galway | Systems and methods for imaging the fundus of the eye |
DE102013008532A1 (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2014-11-20 | Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag | Method for the realization of scattered-corrected fundus images of an eye |
WO2014184279A3 (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2015-01-08 | Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag | Method for realising ocular fundus photographs that are corrected for scattered light |
US10130248B2 (en) | 2013-05-17 | 2018-11-20 | Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag | Method for realizing ocular fundus photographs that are corrected for scattered light |
DE102018111769B4 (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2020-03-26 | Technische Universität Ilmenau | Device and method for eliminating the influence of upstream layers in spectral measurements on layered objects |
GB2577299A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2020-03-25 | Res & Innovation Uk | Method and apparatus for determining a scattering spectrum of an eye |
GB2577299B (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2022-09-14 | Res & Innovation Uk | Method and apparatus for determining a scattering spectrum of an eye |
US11903648B2 (en) | 2018-09-21 | 2024-02-20 | United Kingdom Research And Innovation | Method and apparatus for determining a scattering spectrum of an eye |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE102005045961B4 (en) | Method and device for displaying a tissue containing a fluorescent dye | |
WO2007009761A2 (en) | Device and method for monitoring, documenting and/or diagnosing the fundus | |
DE10222779A1 (en) | Method and arrangement for examining samples | |
DE102008018637A1 (en) | Apparatus and method for fluorescence imaging | |
DE102008018475A1 (en) | Apparatus and method for luminescence measurement | |
DE102007025425A1 (en) | Method for eliminating disturbing fluorescence during fluorescence analysis of objects, involves illuminating object and detecting fluorescence image by illuminated object | |
EP3064980B1 (en) | Optical system and operation microscope | |
DE102007023270A1 (en) | fundus camera | |
DE102013205115A1 (en) | SPIM arrangement | |
DE102007047300A1 (en) | Method and device for precise reflectometric determination of the optical density of the macular pigment xanthophyll on the ocular fundus without interference from stray light, in particular by individual light scattering in the anterior ocular media | |
DE102013016367A1 (en) | Light microscope and method for examining a sample with a light microscope | |
WO2016193037A1 (en) | Method for determining spatially resolved height information of a sample by means of a wide-field microscope, and wide-field microscope | |
DE102017129519B4 (en) | Arrangement and method for the simultaneous measurement of the fluorescence of individual layers in a layer system, for example the fundus | |
EP1782044B1 (en) | Method and device for the separation and precise determination of the locally active fluorophore of an object | |
DE102005058185A1 (en) | Object e.g. fundus of eye, region`s fluorescence and/or reflection spectra detecting method, involves forming difference signal from accumulated signals for spectral evaluation and presentation of fluorescence and/or reflection spectra | |
DE102015119258A1 (en) | Light microscope and method for determining a wavelength-dependent refractive index of a sample medium | |
DE102018122816B9 (en) | Method and device for determining a property of an object | |
WO2013041521A1 (en) | Methods and devices for examining eyes | |
EP2318821A2 (en) | Method for precisely determining the fluorescence in a layer system, such as the eye | |
DE102007053074A1 (en) | Method and measuring device for fluorescence measurement on the eye | |
DE19907479A1 (en) | Measurement of different fluorescence spectra on object in case of age-related degeneration of lens with cataract by exciting object region for fluorescence and their confocal imaging on inlet slit of spectrograph | |
DE102016112010A1 (en) | Hole inspection apparatus | |
DE102018111769B4 (en) | Device and method for eliminating the influence of upstream layers in spectral measurements on layered objects | |
DE102004042197A1 (en) | Selective determination of active fluorophores, e.g. ophthalmologic laser scanning, allows focussing of the excitation beam on selected planes/optical depths in an object by use of lenses | |
DE102022120952B4 (en) | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SIMULTANEOUSLY TRACKING TWO EMMITTERS |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
R005 | Application deemed withdrawn due to failure to request examination |
Effective date: 20140531 |