DE102007010087A1 - Combustion engine, particularly extraneous ignition engine or compression ignition engine, has changeable compression chamber for each combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The combustion engine has a changeable compression chamber (16) for each combustion engine. A continuously changeable combustion chamber is realized by additional mounting of an intermediate case (9) into an engine block (8) with two eccentric shafts (2). The continuously changeable combustion chamber has an eccentric shaft and the additional mounting of an intermediate case is inserted into the engine block.

Description

The The invention relates to an internal combustion engine, regardless of whether or compression ignition engine, which has a variable compression space.

Of the variable compression space can be applied to all internal combustion engines can be used from 1 cylinder and made with very simple means a much higher one Efficiency than conventional Engines.

With this changeable Compaction space, the performance of the operating condition of the engine be adapted, as well as the fuel consumption and pollutant essential be reduced.

Construction:

• 1. Der Zylinderkopf
• 2. Das Zwischengehäuse
• 3. Der Motorblock

The internal combustion engine consists of three main components:

• 1. The cylinder head
• 2. The intermediate housing
• 3. The engine block

1. The cylinder head:

Of the Cylinder head is similar as with conventional Running combustion engines and does not require any major changes in production, only the cooling water and oil pressure lines have to be led externally from the cylinder head to the engine block, as a direct Connection via the intermediate housing would be too difficult. Possible would this yes, but it does for one adjustable length Seal between intermediate housing and engine block are created.

2. The intermediate housing:

The intermediate housing is a skin component of the invention. It is between the cylinder head and engine block mounted. The intermediate housing is similar to wet lutes Truck engines pushed into the engine block. Through the two eccentric shafts, which are located on the left and right of the engine block, will be a stable Connection created between engine block and intermediate housing. By the questioning the two eccentric shafts, the intermediate housing and the cylinder head, the is secured by means of cylinder head bolts on the intermediate housing, on and moved from what a changeable Compression space causes. The intermediate housing serves the reciprocating piston of the Motors as a cylinder liner and takes over hence the characteristics of the engine block.

3. The engine block:

Of the Engine block can be at its height and its weight are significantly reduced. His main tasks restrict to the inclusion of the crank mechanism and the guidance and attachment of the intermediate housing. Of the Crankshaft and the intake of the oil pan, etc. can like usual.

On the left and right upper side of the engine block need bearings be present to accommodate the two eccentric shafts.

The Still existing cylinder walls serve the intermediate housing only as a leadership and have to therefore not so strong running. With a suitable seal between the engine block and intermediate housing one could do the engine block like this, that the intermediate housing and thus the cylinder bore of the piston, directly with cooling water umspühlt is achieved and a much better heat dissipation from the intermediate housing becomes.

Function:

In the internal combustion engine, the Mororgehäuse ( 8th ) at least one cylinder ( 15 ) on the in the intermediate housing ( 9 ) with a reciprocating piston ( 12 ) is slidingly guided, which by means of connecting rod ( 13 ) with the crankpin of a crankshaft ( 14 ) connected in the motor housing ( 8th ) is rotatably mounted.

The cylinder ( 15 ) is replaced by a cylinder head ( 5 ), in which the gas exchange organs for the cylinder ( 15 ) are arranged. Between the engine block ( 8th ) and the reciprocating piston ( 12 ) is the intermediate housing ( 9 ), which is the reciprocating piston ( 12 ) as a cylinder liner ( 11 ) serves and is axially displaceable. In the intermediate housing ( 9 ) and engine block ( 8th ) is located on the left and right in each case an eccentric shaft ( 2 ) by means of a chain actuator (drawing 4/5) located at the back of the engine block ( 8th ) is rotatably mounted. Due to the rotation of the two eccentric shafts ( 2 ), the intermediate housing ( 9 ) is raised or lowered causing a compression space change ( 16 ) in the cylinder ( 15 ) entry.

The two drawings 1 and 2 show the function of the compression space change ( 16 ) recognize very well. In drawing 1 are the eccentric shafts ( 2 ) in initial position, a high Verdichtungsvehältnis is present here. The intermediate housing ( 9 ) is retracted and is almost on the engine block ( 8th ) on the reciprocating piston ( 12 ) compresses the intake air mass from the intake manifold ( 1 ) in a very small compression chamber ( 16 ). This achieves very high levels of combustion temperatures, the z. B. would be very useful for a fast catalyst heating in a cold start.

In the partial load range one could by a small compression space ( 16 ) drive fuel-saving, because by a small compression chamber and low air mass forcibly less fuel sufficient for combustion.

In drawing 2, the two eccentric shafts ( 2 ) twisted to stop and thus have the cylinder head ( 5 ) and the intermediate housing ( 9 ) opposite the engine block ( 8th ) raised by a certain amount. Due to the now larger compression space ( 16 ) can with constant displacement of the reciprocating piston ( 12 ) the intake air mass from the intake manifold ( 1 ) are increased and increased significantly by a corresponding larger injection amount of fuel, the power of the engine.

Construction and assembly: Drawing 3

The engine block ( 6 ) has left and right top two bearings ( 10 ), which are available for receiving the eccentric waves. These are made similar to bearings of camshafts in the engine block or cylinder head. The bearings ( 10 ) are either firmly cast in the engine block or bolted. Bolt-on bearing caps would be discouraged here only because of the strength.

The cylinder walls of the engine block ( 11 ) serve the intermediate housing ( 5 ) as a guide. Here there is the possibility of the intermediate housing ( 5 ) with oil or by means of suitable seals ( 9 ) the intermediate housing ( 5 ) directly with cooling water ( 12 ) to wash around. To a re-circulation with cooling water ( 12 ) would have to reach only Ausspahrungen in the cylinder walls of the engine block ( 11 ) are admitted.

The intermediate housing ( 5 ) is now in the engine block ( 6 ) inserted from above. It should be noted that the two seals ( 9 ) are introduced without damage. The upper seal ( 9 ) does not allow external dirt to penetrate into the engine block and possibly to cooling water ( 12 ) or oil ( 13 ) seal to the outside. The lower seal ( 9 ) is optional. Is the intermediate housing ( 5 ) with cooling water ( 12 ), you would need them as a seal for the crankcase, around there no cooling water ( 12 ) to let in. If the intermediate housing is not filled with cooling water ( 12 ), the bottom seal ( 9 ) accounts for a sufficient lubrication with oil ( 13 ) between engine block ( 6 ) and intermediate housing ( 5 ) to ensure.

Is the intermediate housing ( 5 ) until it stops in the engine block ( 6 ) you can insert the two eccentric shafts ( 7 ) now through the bearings of the engine block ( 10 ) and the bearings of the intermediate housing ( 4 ). Then the bearing caps ( 14 ) of the intermediate housing ( 5 ) and screwed. The fixed connection between intermediate housing ( 5 ), Eccentric shaft ( 7 ) and engine block ( 6 ) is made. Warehousing ( 4 ) of the eccentric shafts ( 7 ) in the intermediate housing ( 5 ), a torsional backlash ( 8th ) similar to an ellipse to a rotation of the eccentric shafts ( 7 ) and to avoid tension.

Then the cylinder head gasket ( 3 ) on the intermediate housing ( 5 ) hung up. Thereafter, the cylinder head ( 2 ) on the cylinder head gasket ( 3 ) and by means of cylinder head screws ( 1 ) with the intermediate housing ( 5 ) screwed.

Side view of the engine: Drawing 4

drawing 4 should only be supplementary show the structure of the engine in the side view.

The top picture shows an eccentric shaft ( 2 ) with pinion ( 1 ) which is responsible for the rotation of the eccentric shaft.

The middle picture shows the engine at a high compression ratio.

Cylinder head ( 3 ) and intermediate housing ( 5 ) are almost on the engine block ( 6 ) on. The eccentric shaft ( 2 ) is in initial position, that is the pinion ( 1 ) of the eccentric shaft ( 2 ) is not twisted.

On the right, at the front part of the engine, there is the toothed belt or chain 4 ), which as usual is responsible for the timing of the valves, injection pumps or other attachments. On the left, at the rear of the engine, there is the tickling ( 1 ) of the eccentric shaft ( 2 ), which is responsible for the phase adjustment of the eccentric shaft.

In the bottom picture you can see very nicely the bearings of the intermediate housing ( 8th ) and the bearings of the engine ( 9 ) for the eccentric shafts. For each cylinder of the engine, at least one bearing in the intermediate housing ( 5 ) and engine block ( 6 ) to ensure sufficient stability. The eccentric shaft ( 2 ) is now twisted until stop, the resulting lifting movement ( 7 ) of the intermediate housing ( 5 ) and the cylinder head ( 3 ) is clearly visible. The engine now has a low compression ratio.

Adjustment of the eccentric shafts by means of a phase adjuster

Drawing 5 and 6

The pinions of the two eccentric shafts ( 3 ) are connected by means of a chain ( 1 ) connected with each other. In the middle, with the help of a chain actuator ( 2 ) stretched the chain and immediately twisted.

In Drawing 5 is a high compression ratio.

The chain actuator ( 2 ) is fully extended downwards and thus has the two pinions of the eccentric shafts ( 3 ) by means of the timing chain ( 1 ) so far down in the direction of rotation verdhreht that a high compression ratio is present.

In drawing 6, the chain actuator ( 2 ) continuously adjusted upwards. This will cause the chain ( 1 ) also pushed upwards and thus twisted the two pinions of the eccentric shafts ( 3 ) in the direction of rotation. If the upper stop of the chain actuator ( 2 ), the two pinions ( 3 ) so far twisted that there is a low compression ratio.

The advantage of this system is that you can use the chain 2 ) can vary the compression space of the internal combustion engine completely variable from a high to a low compression ratio. If required, this can be done very quickly or very slowly, thus always ensuring an optimum operating state of the internal combustion engine.

Changeable sealing room with only one eccentric shaft

Drawing 7

In Drawing 7 would like I'll go into that shortly, that even with just one eccentric shaft obtained a variable compression space.

The combustion engine is almost identical to the system with 2 eccentric shafts. Here, however, the intermediate housing ( 7 ) and thereby generates over the tilt angle ( 10 ) a variable compression space.

Function:

The engine block ( 4 ) must on the side on the eccentric shaft ( 2 ) is a previously calculated tilt angle ( 10 ) between intermediate housing ( 7 ) and engine block ( 4 ) exhibit.

In drawing 7 is on the left only one wave ( 6 ) which is a rotation between engine block ( 4 ) and intermediate housing ( 7 ). Right is the eccentric shaft ( 2 ), which creates the variable compression space here.

Picture above

In the starting position there is a high compression ratio. The intermediate housing ( 7 ) lies horizontally on the engine block ( 4 ), why now the tilt angle ( 10 ) right between engine block ( 4 ) and intermediate housing ( 7 ) you can see. The compression chamber ( 5 ) now has its smallest size.

Picture below

In order to achieve a lower compression ratio, you now twist the eccentric shaft ( 2 ) up. The intermediate housing ( 7 ) is now raised to the right and tilts with the cylinder head ( 1 ) to the left by the previously determined tilt angle ( 10 ). After the cylinder head ( 1 ) and the intermediate housing ( 7 ) now to the right of the eccentric shaft ( 2 ), this also increases the compression space ( 5 ), which has a low compression ratio mm.

Finally, I explain further benefits this construction concept:

base ingredient the invention is the intermediate housing with its eccentric shafts, the changeable Allow compaction space.

Of the Advantage of this concept is that the basic structure of the engine exist remains and now by the function of the variable compression space is extended.

By This function can clearly show the efficiency of the internal combustion engine elevated and adapted to the respective operating state.

Thereby can reduce fuel consumption, exhaust emissions and noise behavior be lowered. At the same time, the simple construction of the Efficiency and performance at full load essential elevated become.

By the simple design and the division of the engine in the three Main components Cylinder head, intermediate housing and engine block can all Components very inexpensive and easily repaired.

Should z. B. The cylinder head gasket may be defective, this can be as usual change. Even a defective intermediate housing can without much effort Renewed, expensive replacement engines know thereby eliminated.

The More weight that could be caused by the intermediate housing to a large extent the now smaller engine block and thus lighter construction collected become.

Last would like to I still point out that you basically also the cylinder head with the intermediate housing in one component could summarize.

By this summary could one still slightly save more weight, cylinder head gasket and cylinder head bolts could do that omitted.

This would be though not meaningful as this would cause enormous extra costs in the production and the absolute advantage of easy and inexpensive repair completely would destroy.

was standing The technology is that current internal combustion engines have a non-changeable Own combustion chamber. Since the engine block is fixed to the cylinder head is bolted and the reciprocating engine always the same Traveling from top to bottom dead center is, so far, the combustion chamber a motor always a fixed size, the not changed can be.

Therefore The problem arises that in an internal combustion engine, the combustion chamber must be designed so that the engine in all operating conditions a Good smoothness and performance delivers. This always results in one A compromise between pollutant emissions, fuel consumption and performance.

This Problem can be effective with an internal combustion engine with variable combustion chamber be eliminated.

By the installation of an intermediate housing in The engine block with two eccentric shafts can now be the cylinder head variable in height to be changed and this allows again a variable combustion chamber. This allows the engine be set exactly to the respective operating condition, no matter whether he is now in cold start, there with idle speed is running or the full performance is demanded by this adaptation to the operating condition, I can the pollutant emissions and the Reduce fuel consumption while improving efficiency of the engine, that is, the power, significantly increase. This invention would be an absolute one plus for the environment, solely through the more efficient use of available fuel and the lower exhaust emission.

The same benefits can be realized with the patent claim 2. This corresponds only a small one different type with only one eccentric shaft.

Claims (2)

Combustion engine with variable compression space, suitable for any internal combustion engine, but especially for motor vehicle traffic, characterized in that a continuously variable combustion chamber can be realized by the additional installation of an intermediate housing in the engine block with two eccentric shafts. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that also with only one eccentric shaft and the additional Installation of an intermediate housing in the engine block a continuously variable combustion chamber allows can be.