DE102007008038A1 - Device for hydrophobic coating of WT tubes for spraying dispersions with extremely fine particles consists of two parallel, interconnected link chains in which one or more spray nozzles are mounted with associated flexible feed lines - Google Patents

Device for hydrophobic coating of WT tubes for spraying dispersions with extremely fine particles consists of two parallel, interconnected link chains in which one or more spray nozzles are mounted with associated flexible feed lines Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102007008038A1
DE102007008038A1 DE102007008038A DE102007008038A DE102007008038A1 DE 102007008038 A1 DE102007008038 A1 DE 102007008038A1 DE 102007008038 A DE102007008038 A DE 102007008038A DE 102007008038 A DE102007008038 A DE 102007008038A DE 102007008038 A1 DE102007008038 A1 DE 102007008038A1
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tubes
hydrophobic coating
parallel
spray nozzles
fine particles
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DE102007008038A
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Helmut Aaslepp
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/04Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by preventing the formation of continuous films of condensate on heat-exchange surfaces, e.g. by promoting droplet formation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/0278Arrangement or mounting of spray heads
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28BSTEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B1/00Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2245/00Coatings; Surface treatments
    • F28F2245/04Coatings; Surface treatments hydrophobic

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The device for hydrophobic coating of WT tubes for spraying dispersions with extremely fine particles consists of two parallel, interconnected link chains in which one or more spray nozzles which are fastened thereupon are mounted with the associated flexible feed lines. The link chain is wound around a rotatable roller. The device with the rotatable roller is fastened and displaced on the support plates of a condenser tube bundle by means of a clamping device.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Beschichtung von WT-Rohren zur Erzwingung der Tropfenkondensation von Wasserdampf. Die Erneuerung der Beschichtung kann während eines Stillstands ohne zusätzliche Umbauten durchgeführt werden.The The invention relates to a device for coating WT pipes to force the dropwise condensation of water vapor. The renewal the coating can be during a standstill without additional Conversions are carried out.

Stand der Technik:State of the art:

Wasserdampf kondensiert in technischen Apparaten aus metallischen Werkstoffen filmförmig auf den WT-Elementen in einer die Kondensatorrohre bedeckenden und den Wärmetausch behindernden Schicht. Um den WT zu erhöhen, wird die Wanddicke der WT-Rohre so klein wie möglich ausgeführt, was jedoch durch die geringe Steifigkeit zu mechanischen Problemen führt. So werden, u. a. bei Turbinenkondensatoren, um die Tropfenschlagerosion bei den dünnwandigen WT-Rohren zu minimieren, zum Schutz der WT-Rohre diese überdeckend an der Oberfläche des Rohrbündels angeordnet. Die WT-Rohre werden dann nur noch teilweise von den im Dampfstrom enthaltenen Kondensattropfen getroffen. Diese Konstruktion führt jedoch zu schlanken, hohen Rohrbündeln, siehe 3. Diese Kondensatoren bauen sehr hoch und vergrößern das Kondensatorgehäuse, auch sind die dünnwandigen Rohre schwingungsanfällig, was entsprechend kleine Stützabstände erfordert oder zusätzliche Dämpfungseinrichtungen notwendig macht.Water vapor condenses in technical apparatus made of metallic materials in a film on the WT elements in a layer covering the condenser tubes and hindering the heat exchange. In order to increase the WT, the wall thickness of the WT tubes is made as small as possible, but this leads to mechanical problems due to the low rigidity. In order to minimize drop impact erosion in the thin-walled WT pipes, for example in turbine condensers, they are arranged on the surface of the tube bundle in a covering manner to protect the WT pipes. The WT pipes are then only partially struck by the condensate drops contained in the vapor stream. However, this construction leads to slender, high tube bundles, see 3 , These capacitors build very high and increase the capacitor housing, and the thin-walled tubes are susceptible to vibration, which requires correspondingly small support distances or additional damping devices necessary.

Bedingt durch die hohen Dampfgeschwindigkeiten von 170 bis 250 m/s kondensiert der Dampf in Turbinenkondensatoren auf der Oberseite der äußeren WT-Rohre in einer dünnen filmförmigen Schicht. Auf den inneren Rohren dagegen kondensiert der Dampf in einem geschlossenen dickeren Film, denn die metallischen WT-Rohre, Eisen γs = 2550 [mN/m], haben eine sehr hohe Oberflächenenergie, wodurch Flüssigkeiten wie Wasser mit γl = 72,8 [mN/m], mit ihrer niedrigeren Oberflächenspannung auf den WT-Rohren in einem geschlossenen Film kondensieren. Dieser Film fließt auf dem Rohr, bedingt durch die Schwerkraft, nach unten ab. Daher wird die Wärme mit vergrößerter Filmdicke, bei waagerecht verlegten Kondensatorrohren an der Rohrunterseite anwachsend, schlechter übertragen. Überschreitet die Oberflächenspannung aus der Kondensatmasse die Grenzflächenspannung an der Phasengrenze Wasserdampf-Wasser, tropft das Kondensat auf die unteren Rohre und erhöht dabei die Filmdicke auf diesen Rohren. Da in RB-Wärmetauschern, speziell in Turbinenkondensatoren zahlreiche Rohre übereinander angeordnet sind, wird deshalb mit hohen, schlanken Kondensatorbündeln weniger Wärme als mit kompakten, gedrungenen Kondensatorrohrbündeln übertragen.Due to the high steam velocities of 170 to 250 m / s, the steam condenses in turbine condensers on top of the outer WT pipes in a thin film-like layer. On the inner tubes, on the other hand, the vapor condenses in a closed, thicker film, because the metallic WT tubes, iron γ s = 2550 [mN / m], have a very high surface energy, whereby liquids such as water with γ l = 72.8 [ mN / m], condense with their lower surface tension on the WT tubes in a closed film. This film flows down the pipe due to gravity. Therefore, the heat with increased film thickness, with horizontally placed condenser tubes growing on the tube bottom, worse transmitted. If the surface tension of the condensate mass exceeds the interfacial tension at the water vapor-water interface, the condensate drips onto the lower tubes, increasing the film thickness on these tubes. As in RB heat exchangers, especially in turbine condensers numerous tubes are stacked, therefore, with high, slender condenser bundles less heat than with compact, stocky condenser tube bundles is transmitted.

Verbesserung:Improvement:

Das Aufbringen einer hydrophoben anorganisch organischen, hybriden Schicht auf die WT-Rohre, hergestellt über den Sol-Gel-Prozess, bewirkt, daß Wasserdampf in Turbinenkondensatoren und in anderen Kondensatoren in der wesentlich effektiveren Tropfenform, mit einer bis zu 10fach höheren Wärmeübertragung gegenüber der Filmkondensation, kondensiert.The Applying a hydrophobic inorganic organic, hybrid layer on the WT pipes, made over The sol-gel process causes water vapor in turbine condensers and in other capacitors in the much more effective drop shape, with up to 10 times higher heat transfer across from the film condensation, condensed.

Durch einfache Beschichtungsverfahren, wie Spritzen oder Tauchen, ist die Sol-Gel Technologie eine preiswerte Technik zur Beschichtung von metallischen Oberflächen. Mit einer guten Haftung zum Substrat, zur Erzeugung einer niedrigen Oberflächenenergie auf Wärmetauscheroberflächen, können die Polymerschichten durch gängige, kostengünstige Applikationstechniken aufgebracht werden. Die WT-Rohre in Turbinenkondensatoren sind metallisch blank und frei von aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen, was keine Oberflächenbearbeitung wie Sandstrahlen bzw. Entfetten zur guten Haftung der Schicht notwendig macht. Die hydrophobe Schicht wird wie in 1, 2, 4 und 5 abgebildet, mittels einer Düsenlanze, die zwischen den WT-Rohren verschoben werden kann, aufgebracht.Through simple coating processes, such as spraying or dipping, the sol-gel technology is an inexpensive technique for coating metallic surfaces. With good adhesion to the substrate to produce low surface energy on heat exchanger surfaces, the polymer layers can be applied by popular, low cost application techniques. The WT tubes in turbine condensers are metallic bright and free of aliphatic hydrocarbons, which does not require any surface treatment such as sandblasting or degreasing for good adhesion of the layer. The hydrophobic layer becomes as in 1 . 2 . 4 and 5 shown, by means of a nozzle lance, which can be moved between the WT tubes applied.

Die Wirksamkeit der hydrophoben Polymerschichten beträgt maximal 10 Jahre. Die Lebensdauer, bzw. die Nutzungsdauer von Kraftwerken und anderer Industrieanlagen erreicht jedoch mehr als 25 Jahre. Die Wirksamkeit der wasserabweisenden Beschichtung der Kondensatorrohre muss deshalb über die gesamte Betriebszeit sichergestellt werden.The The effectiveness of the hydrophobic polymer layers is maximum ten years. The life, or the useful life of power plants and other industrial plants, however, reaches more than 25 years. The effectiveness of the water-repellent coating of the condenser tubes must therefore over the entire operating time can be ensured.

Die angegebene Erfindung ermöglicht es, die Wärmetauscherrohre während eines längeren Stillstandes der Anlage, ohne die Apparate zu verändern oder zu demontieren, mit einer hydrophoben, d. h. mit einer die Kondensation beschleunigenden Hybridpolymerschicht zu versehen.The specified invention allows it, the heat exchanger tubes while a longer standstill the system without altering or dismantling the apparatus, with a hydrophobic, d. H. with a condensation accelerating To provide hybrid polymer layer.

Als Beispiel, 4 und 5, wurde für den Rohrspiegel ein gleichseitiges Dreieck von 30 mm Seitenlänge mit einem Rohraußen von 20 mm gewählt, mit einem lichten Maß von ~6 mm zwischen den Rohren. In dem Zwischenraum zwischen den Rohren werden die Düsenlanzen I bzw. II zum Besprühen der Rohre im Rohrbündel verschoben. In dem Bild, 4 ist zu sehen, daß bei einem Düsensprühwinkel von 90° mit zwei Düsenlanzen, Pos. I und einer Düsenlanze, Pos. II fast die gesamte und mit einem Düsensprühwinkel von 120°, 5 die gesamte WT – Rohroberfläche erreicht wird.As an an example, 4 and 5 , an equilateral triangle of 30 mm side length was selected for the tube mirror with a tube outer of 20 mm, with a clear dimension of ~ 6 mm between the tubes. In the space between the tubes, the nozzle lances I respectively. II moved to spray the tubes in the tube bundle. In the picture, 4 It can be seen that with a nozzle spray angle of 90 ° with two nozzle lances, Pos. I and a nozzle lance, pos. II almost the whole and with a nozzle spray angle of 120 °, 5 the entire WT pipe surface is reached.

Um eine möglichst große Rohroberfläche in einem Durchgang zu besprühen, werden mehrere Düsen mit den flexiblen Zuleitungen in einer gelenkigen Kette nebeneinander angeordnet und befestigt, die flexiblen Zuleitungen werden in der Kette geführt. Dadurch ist es möglich die Rohre zwischen zwei Stützblechen in einem Durchgang mit einer hydrophoben Beschichtung zu versehen.In order to spray the largest possible pipe surface in a single pass, a plurality of nozzles with the flexible feed lines are arranged and fastened next to one another in an articulated chain, the flexible leads are routed in the chain. This makes it possible to provide the tubes between two support plates in one pass with a hydrophobic coating.

Durch den 10fachen höheren Wärmeübergang bei der Tropfenkondensation gegenüber der Filmkondensation, baut der erfindungsgemäß vorgestellte Kondensator mit den hydrophob beschichteten WT-Rohren, siehe 3, wesentlich kleiner, außerdem kann das Rohrbündel naher am Dampfaustritt der Turbine angeordnet werden, was die Kondensatorhöhe zusätzlich verringert. Durch die Reduzierung der Wärmetauscherfläche kann alternativ dazu, die Rohrbündellänge verkleinert und somit auch der Druckverlust verringert werden.Due to the 10-fold higher heat transfer in the droplet condensation compared to the film condensation, the inventively presented capacitor builds with the hydrophobically coated WT tubes, see 3 , Much smaller, also the tube bundle can be arranged closer to the steam outlet of the turbine, which additionally reduces the condenser height. As a result of the reduction of the heat exchanger surface, the tube bundle length can be reduced as an alternative, and thus also the pressure loss can be reduced.

Außerdem kann bei vorhandenen Kondensatoren durch eine nachträgliche Beschichtung mittels der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Erzwingung der Tropfenkondensation die Wärmeübertragung deutlich gesteigert werden.In addition, can in existing capacitors by a subsequent coating means the device according to the invention to enforce the droplet condensation, the heat transfer significantly increased become.

Claims (3)

Vorrichtung zur hydrophoben Beschichtung von WT-Rohren zum Versprühen einer Dispersionen mit feinsten Partikeln, die sich verteilt in Wasser oder organischen Lösungsmitteln befinden und die durch eine Sol-Gel-Transformation in einen festen Zustand überführt wird, bestehend aus zwei parallelen, miteinander verbundenen Gliederketten, in der eine oder mehrere daran befestigte Sprühdüsen mit den zugehörigen flexiblen Zuleitungen montiert sind.Device for the hydrophobic coating of WT pipes for spraying a Dispersions with the finest particles, which are distributed in water or organic solvents located and transformed into a solid by a sol-gel transformation Condition is transferred, consisting of two parallel, interconnected link chains, in the one or more attached thereto spray nozzles with the associated flexible Supply lines are mounted. Vorrichtung zur hydrophoben Beschichtung von WT-Rohren nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gliederkette um eine drehbare Rolle gewickelt wird.Device for the hydrophobic coating of WT pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that the Link chain is wound around a rotatable roller. Vorrichtung zur hydrophoben Beschichtung von WT-Rohren nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung mit der Drehrolle auf den Stützblechen des Kondensatorohrbündels mittels einer Spannvorrichtung befestigt und verschoben wird.Device for the hydrophobic coating of WT pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that the Device with the rotary roller on the support plates of the condenser tube bundle means a clamping device is attached and moved.
DE102007008038A 2007-02-17 2007-02-17 Device for hydrophobic coating of WT tubes for spraying dispersions with extremely fine particles consists of two parallel, interconnected link chains in which one or more spray nozzles are mounted with associated flexible feed lines Withdrawn DE102007008038A1 (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2184115A1 (en) * 2008-11-10 2010-05-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Water-repellent coating in in-built condensers
WO2010069661A1 (en) * 2008-12-19 2010-06-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Condenser tube having increased hydrophobicity, production method and use thereof
EP2992288A4 (en) * 2013-05-02 2017-03-08 The Board Of Regents Of The Nevada System Of Higher Education on behalf of the Univeristy Of Nevada-Las Vegas Functional coatings enhancing condenser performance
US10921072B2 (en) 2013-05-02 2021-02-16 Nbd Nanotechnologies, Inc. Functional coatings enhancing condenser performance

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2184115A1 (en) * 2008-11-10 2010-05-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Water-repellent coating in in-built condensers
DE102008056621A1 (en) * 2008-11-10 2010-05-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Hydrophobic coating of capacitors when installed
CN101786060A (en) * 2008-11-10 2010-07-28 西门子公司 Coating to the condenser application hydrophobic under the installment state
DE102008056621B4 (en) * 2008-11-10 2012-01-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for producing a steam condenser, and steam condenser for a steam turbine plant and device for coating a condenser tube
US8580351B2 (en) 2008-11-10 2013-11-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Hydrophobic coating of condensers in the fitted state
WO2010069661A1 (en) * 2008-12-19 2010-06-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Condenser tube having increased hydrophobicity, production method and use thereof
DE102008064125A1 (en) * 2008-12-19 2010-06-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Condenser tube with increased hydrophobicity, manufacturing process and use thereof
CN102257345A (en) * 2008-12-19 2011-11-23 西门子公司 Condenser tube having increased hydrophobicity, production method and use thereof
EP2992288A4 (en) * 2013-05-02 2017-03-08 The Board Of Regents Of The Nevada System Of Higher Education on behalf of the Univeristy Of Nevada-Las Vegas Functional coatings enhancing condenser performance
US10525504B2 (en) 2013-05-02 2020-01-07 The Board Of Regents Of The Nevada System Of Higher Education On Behalf Of The University Of Nevada, Las Vegas Functional coatings enhancing condenser performance
US10921072B2 (en) 2013-05-02 2021-02-16 Nbd Nanotechnologies, Inc. Functional coatings enhancing condenser performance

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