DE102006056103A1 - Monitoring material flow in production processes of building groups or construction units, comprises mixing an UV-active additive to a raw thermosetting polymer in a molding process and detecting light emission of the additive - Google Patents

Abstract

The procedure for monitoring material flow in production processes of building groups or construction units containing thermosetting polymer, comprises mixing (15) an UV-active additive to a raw thermosetting polymer in a molding process (20), detecting (40) light emission of the UV-active additive using a detection mechanism, casting the raw thermosetting polymer and then supplying as thermosetting polymer part with material-specific characteristics. The UV-active additive is a mineral or a manganite compound. The polymer part is added with different UV-active additives. The procedure for monitoring material flow in production processes of building groups or construction units containing thermosetting polymer, comprises mixing (15) an UV-active additive to a raw thermosetting polymer in a molding process (20), detecting (40) light emission of the UV-active additive using a detection mechanism, casting the raw thermosetting polymer and then supplying as thermosetting polymer part with material-specific characteristics. The UV-active additive is a mineral or a manganite compound. The polymer part is added with different UV-active additives to produce thermosetting polymer part with different characteristics. The combination in the thermosetting polymer part with certain characteristics is other than the combination at the added UV-active additives, which is added with the thermosetting polymer part. After the detection, the polymer parts with different characteristics are fed to processing steps (50, 55). In the mixing process, the particle size and -thickness of the additives are automatically coordinated on the molded thermosetting polymer. The detection is carried out so that the recognition of a certain thermosetting polymer part is possible with a human eye or sensor. An independent claim is included for a device for monitoring the material flow in production processes of building groups or construction units.

Description

optical same plastic parts can due to different materials used or different Processing methods have different material properties. These plastic parts with different material properties become different uses according to their characteristics fed. there must be ensured every time a plastic part is used be that the plastic part used the required properties having. For this purpose must the plastic parts are marked. Such labeling usually takes place with labels or labels, for example, with Barcodes are provided. However, this marking of the parts harbors the disadvantage that upon further processing of the plastic part the labeling can be lost. Alternatively, the plastic parts During machining, tool-bound features were entered for the purpose of Example burned in the plastic part, etched or imprinted are. However, these features only show that the present plastic part has passed the device, the the plastic part with the corresponding tool-bound feature has provided. A tracing to the processing steps before the marking of the plastic part can not. It can therefore not be determined retrospectively, from which Material batch the plastic part was manufactured respectively which processing steps it passed before marking.

From the document EP 1 412 908 B1 For example, there is disclosed a method and apparatus for identifying a tag disposed on a body that contains a specific property tag. In this method, a near-infrared wavelength range fluorescent detector material is applied as a marking on a workpiece. This marker is invisible to the human eye. By means of infrared irradiation, the label is optically excited and shows a fluorescent behavior, which can be detected.

Furthermore, from the document DE 195 22 397 A1 a laser-markable plastic known to the minerals were mixed. Through a CO ₂ laser, which emits light in the infrared range, is realized due to the addition of minerals in the plastic, an engraving in the plastic.

The DE 42 13 323 A1 describes a method for identifying different plastics, wherein each plastic is provided with a plurality of fluorescent dyes, which differ by their emission frequency and / or by the fluorescence duration, so that each plastic can be clearly assigned a fluorescence pattern. This process is used to mark plastics in recycling processes in order to enable a targeted reuse of the plastics.

With It is therefore not possible to use the said methods and devices Material flow of the plastic part of the raw material production over the individual processing steps to shipping or assembly Traceable in units.

Of the Invention is therefore the object of a method and a Device for implementation a procedure available to put, with which in cost-effective and more reliable Way the material tracking and assignment of plastic parts according to the material used and / or processing steps used can be realized.

The The object is achieved by the features mentioned in claims 1 and 13 solved. Advantageous embodiments are specified in the respective subclaims.

It becomes a process for material flow monitoring in manufacturing processes provided by assemblies or components containing plastic, wherein in the manufacturing process at least one raw plastic in one first procedural step is formed and then as Plastic part with material-specific properties at least a further process step is supplied.

the Raw plastic will be available at the latest at least one UV-active additive added in the original molding process. After admixture before at least one of the further processing steps of the manufacturing process detects a detection device the plastic part due to light emission of the UV-active additive.

The admixture of the UV-active additive can thus take place directly in the production of raw materials, for example in the production and provision of a granulate which is mixed with the UV-active additives. In an alternative embodiment, the admixture of the additives can also take place directly during the primary molding process. That is, in this embodiment of the method, for example, in the plastic injection molding of the liquid plastic melt before curing in the mold, the UV-active additive is added. Possible prototyping processes are, for example, casting, injection molding or powder pressing. On the provided with the additive plastic part can then further processing steps such as heat treatment, mechanical Machining, coating or packaging or installation in an assembly can be realized.

The give different properties of the plastic part produced by different material components contained in the plastic and / or by different treatment of the plastic part in the original process or in another, the original process downstream processing steps. The plastic added UV-active additive has a fluorescent effect on UV irradiation. Thereby can be offset with the additives plastic part based on Detection of fluorescent behavior can be detected.

The inventive method does not have to be within a self-contained production line occur. It can be provided that the inventive method Manufacturing facilities-across is applied, that is, that For example, the original forming takes place in a company and the follow-up or assembly in another company. Although the individual processing steps are spatially far apart can, while still using the method according to the invention detected in each of the original forming downstream processing be which plastic it is and therefore, which Material properties, the present plastic part has and which processing steps it has already undergone.

It It can be seen that not only components in their material flow traced back can be but that also whole provided with the plastic parts assemblies can be detected and thus with regard to the material used in them and the Classified respectively can be used.

In An advantageous embodiment provides that the UV-active Additive is a mineral. It offers itself as a mineral to be used for example, a manganite compound.

Of Further is the method according to the invention configured such that when producing a plurality of different Properties having plastic parts the raw plastic one each in its material properties different plastic part a certain amount of at least one UV-active additive per volume of the Plastic part is mixed. The amount per volume of additives in a plastic part with certain properties is one other than the amount of UV-active additives per volume, which is mixed with a plastic part with other properties. This means, with admixture or admixture only a certain Additive in a certain amount per different material or material of different properties due to different Processing processes, the respective plastic part by the different degree of Brightness of the fluorescent additive due to UV irradiation the different concentration of the additive in the plastic part be detected.

alternative or added can be provided that when manufacturing a Plurality of different properties having plastic parts the raw plastic of each different in its material properties Plastic part a certain combination of different UV-active additives of the plastic part is mixed. The combination of additives in a plastic part with certain properties is another than the combination of admixed UV-active Additives that are mixed with a plastic part with other properties becomes. The meaning of this embodiment is that different combined compositions of different UV-active additives different color spectra in the analysis of the fluorescent UV-active additives emitted light, which in simple Way with different plastic parts or plastic parts different properties can be assigned.

In a particular embodiment in which only two different Characteristics having plastic parts from each other Need to become, It is envisaged that only one of the raw plastics of the plastic parts at least one UV-active additive is added. It can be thus on the basis of a test, if at all UV light is reflected from the plastic parts, notice which raw plastic used for the production of the plastic part was or which plastic part with which specific Properties present.

In further embodiment of the method according to the invention sees this before that after the detection of themselves in their material properties different plastic parts different plastic parts each be supplied to different processing steps. It must decide which plastic part which other Processing steps supplied is not necessarily done directly after detection. Instead can be provided that also some processing steps after the detection only one particular detected plastic part one other processing step is supplied as the detected Plastic part preceding and subsequent plastic parts within of the material flow.

Under Processing steps here is also the assembly in Assemblies, the further mechanical or chemical processing, Packaging, coating, storage, shipping certain way or similar Understood.

In Advantageously, it is provided that all the said method steps or their embodiments run automatically controlled. In particular, the method can be configured such that a central control, for example, dictates which additives are added, such as big the Amount of added Additive is and when and which plastic parts at all subjected to a detection who the. In a favorable embodiment is provided that when passing a plastic part or a part, which Contains UV-active additives, the detection device is automatically actuated.

In a special embodiment is provided that in automatic Control of the method according to the invention likewise during the admixing process the particle size and particle density of the to be added Additives automatically matched to the urzuformenden plastic becomes. This means that when entering the density, the temperature and the material of the plastic part to be produced by a Control unit automatically determines what size and density need to have the UV active additive particles so that they are optimally distributed in the volume of the plastic part are.

In a simple embodiment of the method is provided that the detection is configured such that the detection of a certain plastic part with the human eye is possible. In this embodiment of the method, thus only one UV light emission unit applied, their emitted UV light from the fluorescent additives is reflected in the plastic part such that it is visible to the naked eye can be perceived. Thus, the detection device exists essentially only from the UV light emission unit. The subdivision of different Plastic parts is due to the operator due to different visually perceptible light emissions from the plastic part possible.

In alternative embodiment, it is provided that the detection in such a way is designed that the detection of a specific plastic part only possible with one sensor is.

In Such a configuration may be, for example, a UV light emission unit used, their UV light from the fluorescent additives is reflected, whereby the reflection of the light by the sensor is detected. This embodiment is advantageously at an automatic control of the entire process used. Furthermore, it is possible that only the UV component of a conventional light source for detection is used by sensor.

advantageously, the plastic used is a thermoset.

to solution the task is further provided with a facility which is designed such that with it the inventive method be carried out in the above design variants can.

there is advantageously provided that a Beimeng device integrated to the addition of UV-active additives directly in the primary forming device is. This means, the shaping device for producing the plastic part is constructive designed for the addition of UV-active additives.

Of Furthermore, it can be provided that the Beimeng device for Addition of additives of different amounts and / or different Combinations of different additives is set up. In this embodiment, the Beimgegeinrichtung of the device according to the invention for material flow monitoring a metering device for the additives and a mixing device with which a particular percentage ratio different additives in the total amount of additives to be added can be mixed.

In particular embodiment of the device according to the invention for carrying out a special process variant, the device for material flow monitoring at least one detection device, the at least one UV light emitting unit includes, whose light is such that it is in reflection perceived by a fluorescent UV-active additive by the human eye can be. This means, in this embodiment, the device comprises only a UV light emission unit, which is directed to the plastic part. When emitting UV light reflect the fluorescent UV-active materials such that UV light for the human eye can be easily perceived. Corresponding the amount or concentration of UV-active additives in the plastic part can thus be an operator of the device according to the invention Easily determine what plastic it is in the present case.

In an alternative embodiment, it is provided that the device comprises at least one detection device which comprises at least one UV light emission unit and at least one sensor, wherein the UV light emission unit and the sensor are configured such that the light emitted by the UV light emission unit is detectable by the sensor after reflection of UV-active additives in the plastic. In this embodiment, therefore, not the human eye detects the light emitted by the fluorescent additives, but one or more sensors. The signal detected by the sensors can be fed to an evaluation device, which in turn is coupled to a central controller for controlling the entire device.

In a further alternative embodiment of the device according to the invention is provided that it has at least one detection device, comprising at least one sensor, wherein the sensor configured in such a way is that the UV component contained in the sunlight or the of a conventional one Light source emitted UV component after reflection of UV-active Additives in plastic can be detected by the sensor. It means that in this embodiment of the device according to the invention no extra UV light emission unit is provided, but that of the UV component from the ambient light for reflection to the fluorescent UV-active Additives leads, whereupon this reflected light is detected by the sensors can.

In Advantageously, it is provided that the device according to the invention Furthermore, a computer-controlled conveyor system with points for forwarding different plastic parts to different others Processing steps includes. By means of this conveyor system is achieved that after the detection of certain different plastic parts these parts automatically to further different processing steps can be directed.

to Optimization of the device according to the invention is provided that it further includes a control unit for automatic Control of running in the device operations. These Control unit is capable of admixing the UV-active Control additives in terms of their amount and percentage as well as the supply of certain plastic parts to certain further processing steps.

The Invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings described. It shows:

1 a flow chart of the method according to the invention in an embodiment,

2 a flowchart of the method according to the invention in a further embodiment, and

3 the representation of a plastic part in the detection.

In the 1 and 2 Arrows illustrated illustrate the material flow of the plastic or plastic part and the UV-active additives.

When in 1 shown inventive method for material flow monitoring is the admixture 15 of UV-active additives 110 already in the raw material production 10 , The raw material becomes the original molding process 20 fed. After the original molding process 20 This happens with the UV-active additives 110 provided plastic part 100 the detection 30 , After detection 30 of different plastic parts 100 or of plastic parts 100 with different properties due to different reflection of UV radiation during detection 30 can be determined, as in 1 different material flow directions to different subsequent processing steps 40 or 45 result. These subsequent processing steps 40 or 45 are each further processing steps 50 respectively 55 downstream. The arrangement of detection 30 within the entire process does not necessarily have to be right after the original molding of the plastic part 100 be realized, but it is also conceivable that, for example, the detection 30 only after the following processing step 40 takes place, with different material flows after the processing step 40 in the direction of further processing steps 50 or 55 can result. The following processing steps 40 and 45 and the further processing steps 50 and 55 may be, for example, mechanical processing, chemical processing, surface treatment, thermal treatment, packaging or shipping. The later the detection 30 in the process according to the invention during the production of the plastic part 100 is arranged, the more processing steps involving the plastic part 100 has passed through, can be detected. When arranging the detection 30 in the procedure, as in 1 can be seen, which raw material for the production of the plastic part 100 was used and on which plant or tool the Urformung took place. In particular, in processing of plastic parts 100 in which there are archetypes between the procedural steps 20 and detection 30 a large spatial distance or a large time window exists, is the in 1 illustrated embodiment of the method advantageous.

The method according to the invention is further not limited to that during the manufacturing process of the plastic parts 100 only a single detection device arranged is. Since the plastic part to be produced 100 goes through all the processing steps, it is possible, before each subsequent processing step, a detection device for ensuring the use of the correct material or the plastic part 100 to apply with the correct properties.

In 2 is an alternative embodiment of the in 1 shown method shown. After the raw material production 10 the addition occurs 15 the UV-active additives 110 only during the original molding process 20 , After the prototype 20 also in this embodiment of the method, the detection 30 made to the plastic parts in the material flow 100 to sort according to their characteristics. After the in 2 presented detection 30 goes through the plastic part 100 the following processing step 40 , After this following processing step 40 be different plastic parts 100 with different properties according to the previous detection 30 further processing steps 55 or 65 fed. As well too 1 described, these further processing steps 55 and 65 For example, the further mechanical, chemical or thermal processing or shipping or packaging of the plastic part 100 or something similar. It shows up in 2 that the admixture 15 the UV-active additives 110 not necessarily already during raw material production 10 must be done, but also as an addition during the original molding process 20 can be realized. It is also in 2 clarifies that not necessarily right after the detection 30 of different plastic parts 100 the plastic parts 100 Different material flow directions must have, but it can, for example, by a control a fork of the flow of material of different plastic parts 100 only after the following processing steps 40 be made.

In 3 is the breakout of a plastic part 100 shown which visible on its surface UV-active additives 110 having. The UV-active additives 110 are shown greatly enlarged. By means of a UV light emission unit 120 becomes UV light 125 on the plastic part 100 and thus on the UV-active additives 110 blasted. The fluorescent UV-active additives 110 reflect the UV light 125 as reflection light 135 which is in 3 indicated by dashed lines. The reflection light 135 is from a sensor 130 recorded or detected. The signal of the sensor 130 can be supplied to an evaluation device or a controller (both not shown) and thus be used for automatic control of the method and the device. According to the sensor 130 absorbed signal can thus be plastics containing no or only a few UV-active additives 110 have, from the plastic parts 100 be sorted out, which has a high concentration of UV-active additives 110 exhibit.

Thus, by the deliberate admixture of UV-active additives 110 in certain concentrations depending on the plastic material used or depending on certain properties of the plastic part 100 through the detection 30 At different points in the material flow system possible to determine which plastic part 100 from which material and with which material properties or processing properties at the respective detection site is present.

10

Raw material production

15

addition of UV-active additives

20

archetype process

30

detection

40 45

the following edits

50, 55, 65

Further edits

100

Plastic part

110

UV-active additive

120

UV-light-emitting unit

125

UV light

130

sensor

135

reflection light

Claims (20)

Process for material flow monitoring in manufacturing processes of assemblies or components containing plastic, wherein in the manufacturing process at least one raw plastic is formed in a first process step and is then supplied as a plastic part with material-specific properties at least one further processing step, characterized in that the raw plastic at the latest during the original molding process ( 20 ) at least one UV-active additive ( 110 ) and that after the admixture before at least one of the further processing steps of the production process, a detection device the plastic part ( 100 ) due to light emission of the UV-active additive ( 110 ) detected. Method for monitoring the flow of material according to claim 1, characterized in that the UV-active additive is a mineral. Method for monitoring the flow of material according to claim 2, characterized in that the UV-active additive is a manganite compound is. Method for material flow monitoring according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when producing a plurality of different properties having plastic parts ( 100 ) the raw plastic of each in its material properties different plastic part ( 100 ) a certain amount of at least one UV-active additive ( 110 ) per volume of the plastic part ( 100 ), wherein the amount per volume in a plastic part ( 100 ) with certain properties is other than the amount of admixed UV-active additives ( 110 ) per volume of a plastic part ( 100 ) is mixed with other properties. Method for monitoring material flow according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when producing a plurality of different properties having plastic parts ( 100 ) the raw plastic of each in its material properties different plastic part ( 100 ) a certain combination of different UV-active additives ( 110 ) is mixed, wherein the combination in a plastic part ( 100 ) with certain properties is different from the combination of admixed UV-active additives ( 110 ), which is a plastic part ( 100 ) is mixed with other properties. Method for monitoring material flow according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when producing two different properties having plastic parts ( 100 ) only one of the raw plastics of the plastic parts ( 100 ) at least one UV-active additive ( 110 ) is added. Method for monitoring material flow according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that after the detection of plastic parts differing in their material properties ( 100 ) different plastic parts ( 100 ) are each supplied to different processing steps. Method for material flow monitoring according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the method is controlled automatically expires. A method of material flow monitoring according to claim 8, characterized in that the admixing process, the particle size and density of the Additive additives automatically on the urzuformenden plastic is agreed. Method for monitoring material flow according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the detection ( 30 ) is configured such that the detection of a specific plastic part ( 100 ) is possible with the human eye. Method for monitoring material flow according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the detection ( 30 ) is configured such that the detection of a specific plastic part ( 100 ) with only one sensor ( 130 ) is possible. Method for material flow monitoring according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the plastic used is a thermoset is. Device for monitoring material flow in manufacturing processes of assemblies or components containing plastic, thereby characterized in that they are used to carry out the in claims 1 to 12 claimed method is suitable. Device for monitoring the flow of material according to claim 13, characterized in that an admixing device for admixing UV-active additives ( 110 ) is integrated in the forming device. Device for monitoring the flow of material according to one of claims 13 to 14, characterized in that the Beimgegeinrichtung for admixture of additives of different amounts and / or different Combinations of different additives is set up. Device for monitoring the flow of material according to one of Claims 13 to 15, characterized in that it has at least one detection device which comprises at least one UV light emission unit ( 120 ) whose light is such that upon reflection from a fluorescent UV-active additive ( 110 ) can be perceived by the human eye. Device for monitoring the flow of material according to one of Claims 13 to 15, characterized in that it has at least one detection device which comprises at least one UV light emission unit ( 120 ) and at least one sensor ( 130 ), wherein the UV light emission unit ( 120 ) and the sensor ( 130 ) are configured such that the of the UV light emission unit ( 120 ) emitted light after reflection of UV-active additives ( 110 ) in plastic from the sensor ( 130 ) is detectable. Device for monitoring the flow of material according to one of Claims 13 to 15, characterized in that it has at least one detection device which comprises at least one sensor ( 130 ), wherein the sensor ( 130 ) is configured such that the sunlight contained UV component or the UV component emitted by a conventional light source after reflection of UV-active additives ( 110 ) in plastic from the sensor ( 130 ) is detectable. Device for monitoring the flow of material according to one of claims 13 to 18, characterized in that it further comprises a computer-controlled conveyor system with switches for the forwarding of different plastic parts ( 100 ) to different further processing steps. Device for monitoring the flow of material according to one of claims 13 to 19, characterized in that it has a control unit for automatic Control of running in the device operations.