DE102006050144A1 - Housing component e.g. oil pan, for passenger car, has plastic wall area connected to sealing flange, and connecting strip provided on flange in integral manner, where wall area is connected to both sides of strip in material fit manner - Google Patents

Abstract

The component (2) has sealing surfaces (4, 6, 8) for sealingly connecting to an adjacent housing structure. A sealing flange (10) is made of a metallic material, and comprises the sealing surfaces. A wall area (12) is made of a plastic material, and is connected to the flange. A connecting strip is provided on the sealing flange in an integral manner. The wall area is connected to both sides of the connecting strip in a material fit manner. An adhesive layer is provided between the connecting strip and the wall area. An independent claim is also included for a method for manufacturing a housing component.

Description

The The present invention relates to structural components having a metal component and a plastic component bonded by means of a primer are.

Metal-plastic composite components should the respective positive properties of the components metal and combine plastic in one component. Components of two different Components, metal and plastic, are referred to herein as "hybrid" components. However, metals and plastics are in their properties and theirs Processing behavior very different and therefore not easy so connect with each other that a durable and resilient Connection is obtained.

Out DE 38 39 855 C2 a composite component is known in which reinforcing ribs made of plastic are molded onto a base body made of metal. The metal base has breakthroughs through which the plastic is injected. So it is a positive connection in which the plastic hooked in the metal, so to speak. Alternatively, it is known to achieve a positive connection via a corresponding infiltration of the metal component. Such positive connections are unsatisfactory for loaded parts in terms of their bond strength. In addition, the parts are susceptible to corrosion, since moisture can penetrate between the metal component and the plastic component by capillary action.

Known is also an adhesive coated metal component in a continuous Process by coextrusion with a plastic component to connect. The metal component, which in this case is in film form, is preheated, so that the primer layer is activated during the extrusion and a compound of the metal component with the applied plastic component creates. Activation of the adhesion promoter requires exceeding a specific, depending on the particular adhesive used temperature. If this temperature is not reached, then results in an insufficient Connection between the two components of the composite component.

There Metals good conductors of heat it is often difficult to achieve a sufficient temperature especially at big, bulky parts.

According to WO 2005/032793 this method is further developed by using an activatable by subsequent heating adhesion promoter, ie, it is first a composite component produced by injection molding a plastic component on a metal component, and then the metal component is heated again to activate the adhesive layer. By this method, a cohesive connection between metal component and plastic component is obtained.

The method according to WO 2005/032793 gives a strength of the connection between metal and plastic, which is fully sufficient for components that are not exposed to very high mechanical loads, for example, for pure decorative components. Even for components that are exposed to certain mechanical stresses, but whose potential failure does not entail serious consequences, the composite components can optionally be used.

at Structural components, in particular load-bearing parts, moving parts and / or safety-related parts of a vehicle, an apparatus or another device, however, are requirements for strength and reliability to make the connection of metal and plastic that stands out from the stand the technology is not met can be.

task The present invention is therefore, structural components with a To provide metal component and a plastic component, which are permanently and resiliently connected.

task In particular, it is the object of the present invention to provide such structural components provide that are statically and dynamically resilient.

task It is further the object of the present invention to provide such structural components to provide that have a high bending and torsional rigidity.

task It is also the object of the present invention to provide such structural components to be used, which can be used in corrosion-prone areas are.

The The present invention relates to a structural component comprising a Metal component, a plastic component and a metal component and the plastic component bonding adhesive system, wherein the primer system of a plastic coupling agent or from a plastic bonding agent in combination with a primer and wherein the plastic coupling agent is a polyester, a polyurethane or an epoxide which is associated with a diene and / or a polyene is modified.

• (a) Bereitstellen einer Metallkomponente, wobei die Metallkomponente an einer Seite mit einem vorgehärteten, d.h. vorvernetzten, Haftvermittlersystem beschichtet ist,
• (b) Einbringen der mit dem vorgehärteten Haftvermittlersystem beschichteten Metallkomponente in eine Gießform eines Spritzgusswerkzeugs dergestalt, dass die vorgehärtete Haftvermittlerschicht einem freien Volumen in der Gießform zugewandt ist,
• (c) Spritzgießen einer Kunststoffkomponente auf die Metallkomponente, wobei das Haftvermittlersystem weiter aushärtet, und wobei als Haftvermittlersystem ein aus einem Kunststoff-Haftvermittler oder aus einem Kunststoff-Haftvermittler in Kombination mit einem Primer bestehendes Haftvermittlersystem verwendet wird, und der Kunststoff-Haftvermittler ein Polyester, ein Polyurethan oder ein Epoxid ist, das mit einem Dien und/oder einem Polyen modifiziert ist.

The structural component according to the invention is obtainable by a process comprising the following steps:

• (A) providing a metal component, wherein the metal component on one side with a precured, ie precrosslinked, adhesion promoter system is coated,
• (b) introducing the metal component coated with the precured adhesion promoter system into a casting mold of an injection molding tool such that the precured adhesion promoter layer faces a free volume in the casting mold,
• (c) injection molding a plastic component onto the metal component, wherein the adhesion promoter system hardens further, and wherein the adhesion promoter system used is a bonding agent system composed of a plastic adhesion promoter or of a plastic adhesion promoter in combination with a primer, and the plastic adhesion promoter is a polyester, a polyurethane or an epoxide modified with a diene and / or a polyene.

Of the Term "a" is in the present Description and claims always as "at least a "to understand.

crux The present invention is the primer system. It deals a heat-active, two-stage curing (networkable) system, this by its special composition, in particular by the Modification with dienes and / or polyenes, optimally to be sprayed Plastic can be adjusted. This will be an unprecedented Adhesive strength through a material connection between metal and plastic scored.

When Metal component come in principle all metals, in particular those customary in the field of structural components Metals such as e.g. Steel in various strengths, stainless steel, Light metals such as aluminum and magnesium, etc., in question. The metal component is typically shaped in the form of sheets or molded parts Sheets used.

preferred Materials for the plastic component will depend on the intended Application temperature range and depending on the mechanical Requirements selected. fiber-reinforced Plastic materials, e.g. glass fiber reinforced or carbon fiber reinforced plastic materials, guarantee a particularly high strength.

typical to be sprayed plastic materials are polypropylene (PP), for example PP LGF 30, polyamide (PA), for example PA 6 GF and PA 6.6 GF, Polyamide-polyphenylene oxide blends (PA-PPO blends), Polyamide-polystyrene (syndiotactic) blends (PA-sPS blends), polyamide-acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer blends (PA-ABS blends), polyphthalamide (PPA), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and polysulfone (PSU).

In the above designations are GF for glass fiber, LGF for long glass fiber, and the number after LGF means the weight percentage of the long glass fiber in plastic.

long glass fibers are due to their size aspect (Relationship of length to height) used. They increase the heat resistance and impact resistance of the plastic, e.g. of polypropylene. On short glass fiber reinforced (GF) Plastics can already high demands on the heat resistance and the degree of shrinkage be asked; Long glass fiber reinforced plastics can still higher meet thermal and mechanical requirements. Outperform LGF at PP Strength and rigidity are the values of GF (short fiber) filled polypropylene compounds by 30%, the notched impact strength even up to 300%.

For the temperature range of +100 ° C, i. for thermal low-loaded structural components, for example, PP LGF 30 be used, i. Polypropylene with a content of 30 wt .-% long glass fibers.

For the temperature range from -40 ° C to +120 ° C and +140 ° C, respectively. for thermal higher loaded Structural components are dependent higher quality plastics required by the mechanical requirements, such as polyamide, e.g. PA 6 GF or PA 6.6 GF. Amino-carboxylic acid-type polyamides (PA) are formed from a building block by polycondensation or polymerization (ε-lactam), and polyamines of the diamine-dicarboxylic acid type are formed from two building blocks by polycondensation. The polyamides are coded from unbranched aliphatic building blocks by the number of carbon atoms, i.e. PA 6 is from aminohexanoic acid (or ε-caprolactam) constructed, and PA 6.6 is composed of hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid.

alternative to PA 6 GF and PA 6.6 GF PA-PPO blends and PA-sPS blends, where PPO is polyphenylene oxide and sPS syndiotactic polystyrene means.

For the temperature range from -40 ° C to over +140 ° C, i. for thermal highly loaded components, depending on the mechanical Requirements and chemical requirements High performance engineering plastics necessary, e.g. PPA, PPS. PPA stands for polyphthalamide, and PPS stands for for polyphenylene sulfide. As alternatives can also generally partially aromatic polyamides and PSU are used. PSU stands for Polysulfone (poly [oxy-1,4-phenylene-sulfonyl-1,4-phenylene-oxy- (4,4'-isopropylidenediphenylene)]).

The structural components according to the invention are suitable for their lightness, strength and Connection security particularly good for body parts of vehicles. Undetachably connected body components must meet the requirements in the temperature range of -40 ° C to +120 ° C. These components must pass through the paint shops during vehicle production, without impairment of function, geometry, surface, etc. The following conditions apply: In the case of catalytic dip coating typically 20 minutes at 200 ° C, when applying filler for 30 minutes at 160 ° C, and at the top coat application at 150 ° C for 30 minutes. Accordingly, as a plastic material such as polyamide, such as PA 6 GF, PA 6.6 GF must be used.

Detachable the basic body attached attachments, such as a tailgate, need these requirements associated with catalytic dip coating do not necessarily meet. Such parts are typically grown later. As plastic for such Attachments is for example PP LGF.

The Plastics need about that In addition, the mechanical requirements, essentially requirements torsion and bending, as well as other requirements, if e.g. Chemical resistance, electric conductivity, Odorless, etc., meet.

The Adhesive system is a two-stage primer system, i.e. a bonding agent system that comes in two consecutive Complete steps is networked. The crosslinking takes place by thermal activation. The primer system consists of the "actual" primer, a plastic primer, alone or in combination with a primer, the better one Activation of the metal surface serves, can be used. The primer system will open the sheet material or the metal component is applied and in a the first step partially cross-linked so that a dry surface is formed, which is sufficiently resistant to handling damage. On or after the bonding of plastic, the bonding agent system is completely crosslinked, so it's his final Features get. The whole Crosslinking of the adhesion promoter system can, for example, in one post-cure step or when passing through the catalytic Tauchbadlackierung done.

The Primer system must on the one hand a cohesive connection enter with the metal material and on the other a cohesive connection enter with the plastic material. Accordingly, its material composition in dependence of the metal component and the plastic component of the structural component, especially depending from the plastic component, selected.

If the primer system has a primer become conventional Primers used as known in the art. The primer has both metallophilic groups that are responsible for a cohesive connection to provide the metal, as well as organic groups that are able are, to a plastic or a plastic-based material, like the primer matrix, to bind. The primers are organic Compounds suitable for attachment to the metal hydroxy, thiol, Have amine or carboxyl groups. In addition, metal salts and, more preferably, organometallic compounds, e.g. functionalized iron cyclopentadienyls, be used. The functional group binds to the metal, the organic part of the molecule binds to the plastic bonding agent.

alternative or additionally to the mentioned primers can organofunctionalized alkoxysilanes, e.g. 3- (trimethoxysilyl) -1-propanamine, 3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate, N-1- [3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl] -1,2-ethanediamine, 3- (triethoxysilyl) -propanenitrile, 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, etc. used become. They are in dilute Shape, e.g. as a 1 to 10% alcoholic or aqueous solution, applied to the metal surface and are characterized in particular by the fact that they are particularly good connection between the components. The alkoxy functionality of the silane binds to the metal surface, and the extra functionality on the organic group binds to the matrix of the plastic coupling agent.

Besides, mixtures can be used the silanes with prepolymers, for example, from carbamates, are used. Suitable mixing ratios (Weight ratios) of silane: prepolymer are from 1:50 to 1: 1.

Of the Primer may, by way of example but not limitation, have the following composition have: 3 to 8 wt .-% of 3-glycidoxypropy-methyldimethoxysilane or 1- [3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl] urethane or 3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate plus 2 to 5 weight percent N- (2-aminoethyl) -3- (trimethoxysilyl) propylamine or 3- (trimethoxysilyl) propylamine or 3- (trimethoxysilyl) -1-propanethiol in one Alcohol or mixture of alcohols, with ethanol, methanol and Isopropyl alcohol are preferred. Well suited is also a 5 to 15% by weight solution of N- [3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl] -N '- (4-vinylbenzyl) ethylenediamine hydrochloride in e.g. Methanol.

On the primer, the "actual" adhesion promoter, the plastic bonding agent, applied, which binds on the one hand to the primer and the other for the cohesive connection to the Plastic ensures. Alternatively, primers and plastic coupling agents can also be mixed. The "actual" bonding agent is after curing itself a plastic material. He also typically has metallophilic groups or contains components with metallophilic groups, so that it can be dispensed with a primer and the cohesive connection to the metal can also be done by the plastic coupling agent. The plastic bonding agent is then applied directly to the metal.

Of the Plastic bonding agent for the the cohesive Connection to the plastic provides and to the primer and / or the metal surface is preferably a polyester or a polyurethane or a Epoxide, more preferably a bisphenol A and / or bisphenol B and / or bisphenol C and / or bisphenol F based epoxy resin.

bisphenol A is 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, bisphenol B is 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) butane, Bisphenol C is 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexane, and bisphenol F is 2,2-methylene diphenol. Bisphenol A and bisphenol B are particularly preferred. If they are used in a mixture, the weight ratio is preferred in the range of 1: 1 to 1:10 bisphenol A: bisphenol B

The Adaptation of the primer system to the respective to be connected Plastic is essentially made by modifying with serving, in particular 1,3-dienes, or by modification with polyenes such as Natural rubber or synthetic rubber, wherein the dienes and / or Polyene covalently bonded to the resin (copolymerized into the adhesion promoter matrix) could be and / or physically incorporated into the adhesion promoter matrix (additized) can. The diene content and / or polyene content of the adhesion promoter system is preferred 1 to 30 wt .-%, particularly preferably 3 to 10 wt .-%.

elastomer modified Epoxy adhesive adhesion promoters are obtained, for example Polymerization of 1,3-butadiene (covalent attachment) or by Addition of rubber (physical incorporation, additivation).

Of the Plastic adhesion promoter is preferably the sole adhesion promoter. For epoxy systems, for example, the epoxide group may be metal activated and cohesive Serve to connect to the metal.

A further adaptation of the adhesion promoter system to the respective plastic to be bonded is possible by adding alkyl- and / or aryl-modified silanes of the general formula HO-Si (R) (R ') (R "), where the radicals R, R' and R "may be the same or may be partially or all unequally modified with alkyl and / or aryl groups, the alkyl and / or aryl groups bearing functional groups such as COOH, OH, NH ₂ . The silanes serve for cross-linking (through functionality at the organic group) and attachment to the metal (through the hydroxyl group on the silicon).

The However, silanes are not mandatory because the connection to the metal also about functional Groups can be done on the plastic bonding agent.

The cohesive Connection leads to the elimination of capillary action (i.e., creeping of moisture) between the plastic material and the metal material) through the all-over Bonding between the plastic material and the metal material by means of the primer system. This allows overmolding of open, i.e. unprotected Interfaces and other unprotected metal surfaces with the plastic material. As long as a full-surface bonding on both sides given, can except by diffusion no moisture to the unprotected places arrive, so that sufficient corrosion resistance is realized. Of course the adhesion promoter itself is resistant to corrosion and hydrolysis.

Of the Adhesive can simultaneously serve as corrosion protection, in particular if a plastic-based system is used, for example an epoxy system, a polyester or a polyurethane system. at Such a selection of the adhesion promoter forms the cured adhesion promoter finished component in areas where it is not covered by plastic material is a corrosion protection layer for the metal material. It is important that the primer system applied as a dense layer becomes.

Where it is necessary, it is necessary that the primer is KTL-capable (KTL - catalytic dipping bath painting). For that are in particular sufficient temperature resistance and electrical conductivity required.

One electrically conductive Adhesion promoter is made by adding electrically conductive components receive. Suitable electrically conductive components are, on organic base, such as carbon black and graphite, and inorganic Base metal powder, e.g. Zinc dust.

For some Applications it is necessary that the primer is weldable, i.e. that the metal parts coated with the adhesion promoter are welded can.

Essential prerequisites for this are on the one hand the electrical conductivity and the temperature resistance. In addition, he should not be flammable. The temperature resistance is preferably achieved by using highly crosslinked epoxy systems based on bisphenol A and / or bisphenol B.

The Non-flammability is achieved by halogenated bisphenols. For example For example, the adhesion promoter can be based on 2,2-bis- (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane and / or tetrabromobisphenol A, or additionally these Contain bisphenols. Alternatively or additionally, conventional flame retardants (halogenated or halogen-free) may be added to the adhesion promoter.

Especially when applying the primer in the coil coating process a sufficient elasticity or formability of the adhesion promoter after the first partial crosslinking step required, so that the bonding agent after forming the entire surface also adheres to the metal material in extreme bending areas. The elasticity of the adhesion promoter can, for example, by a connection of Elastomer (1,3-butadiene) to the coupling agent or by an additive of the adhesion promoter can be increased with rubber.

to Improvement of cohesive Connection to the metal, corrosion protection, electrical Conductivity, the temperature resistance, the incombustibility and the elasticity can, depending on the desired Property, the above materials individually or in combination be added.

The Combination of metal and plastic for the production of metal-plastic hybrid structural components takes place by spraying the plastic to the pre-crosslinked Adhesive coated metal component.

The Coating of the metal component with the adhesion promoter system is before or after the shaping of the metal component possible. typically, the shaping of the metal component is done by punching and deep drawing of metal sheets. Possible Coating processes are the so-called "coil coating" (coating before shaping), Spray painting, dip coating, powder coating, (coating after shaping).

Becomes the primer system before punching and deep drawing of the sheets in the coil coating process applied, are the stamped and deep-drawn metal components not covered by adhesion promoters at their cutting edges. possibly they are also great in areas Forming not covered by primer.

to Securing the corrosion resistance is It therefore required the metal areas without adhesion promoter either later to be provided with adhesion promoter or with plastic material to spray so that the uncovered areas covered with plastic material are, with the plastic material fully around the uncovered areas glued with adhesion promoter. Coil coating can be used spatial completely separated from the punching and deep drawing done. The coil coating process coated sheets are then for a period of time and at a Temperature heated until a dry and firm texture of the Adhesive system is reached. The bonding agent system must if it is partially cross-linked, that a dry surface forms, which is sufficiently resistant to handling damage. After that will be the sheets are cut and shaped or punched and deep-drawn shaped. Subsequently the sheets are degreased and then the plastic component be molded in a suitable injection mold. Possibly can after that still unprotected Metal areas by painting, etc. with a corrosion protection be provided.

In a modification of the above method, a thermoforming sheet for Punching and deep drawing of the sheets are used. The thermoforming foil Can be mounted after the coil coating coating (after precrosslinking of the primer system) or directly be raised before punching and deep drawing the sheets. After this Punching and deep drawing of the sheets, the thermoforming sheet is removed. Degreasing of the sheets is not required in this case. Then, in a suitable injection molding tool, the plastic component molded. Again, it may be necessary in case of corrosion Components then cut edges or to provide other free metal areas with corrosion protection, For example, by a special paint job.

If the adhesion promoter system is applied after the shaping of the metal component, for example by spray painting, dip coating, powder coating or catalytic dip coating, the corrosion protection of the adhesion promoter system can be better utilized. There are then no unprotected edges or damage to the primer layer by the forming process. The corrosion resistance of the adhesion promoter system is then used not only in the area of the connection of the plastic component, but also in the areas that have no contact with the plastic component. As a result, the additional working step of painting the metal component can be saved. In addition, if desired, targeted areas that are not covered by adhesion promoter system should be left out.

The Adhesion of the primer system to the metal can be improved by a suitable pretreatment of the metal surface, for example by Degreasing and / or cleaning; through a mechanical treatment such as. Blasting or brushing; by passivation; by electrical or physical activation.

To the coating with adhesion promoter system may be advantageous after-treatment of the primer coating, for example by dripping, by drying or by a washing process. Then done tying the tie, i. its partial networking until for handling strength. The needed Temperature and time are dependent on the adhesive system used, for example 100 ° C for 30 seconds or 140 ° C for 40 Seconds or 120 ° C for 20 seconds. In general, temperatures are between 80 and 160 ° C and times between 10 seconds and 1 minute appropriate.

The with the precrosslinked primer system coated metal component is now introduced into a suitable injection molding tool. The figure the mold is the shape of the metal component on the one hand and the desired Adapted shape of the plastic component on the other hand, and the Metal component is inserted into the mold so that the adhesive layer a free volume in the mold is facing. The mold For example, it may be formed such that plastic stiffening structures be sprayed onto the metal component. It is advantageous the mold to a defined temperature, that of the primer system depends preheat. The preheating supports the heat-reactive behavior of the primer system. alternative or additionally the metal component to the activation temperature of the primer system preheated become. Such preheating can, for example, externally by induction heating, IR emitters, in an oven, etc., or within the injection molding tool (during or after introduction of the metal component into the mold) e.g. by IR emitters, done. Then the plastic component starting material injected. The high temperature of the liquid melt causes the thermal activation, and usually the complete reaction, of the primer system. The plastic is permanently attached to the Tied metal component. Subsequently, the generated hybrid structural component and the injection molding tool for faster cooling preferably cooled and removed the finished hybrid structural component from the injection mold.

Becomes a primer system with a high activation temperature used, it may be useful after injection molding a Annealing process of the structural component to complete the complete hardening of the Bonding agent system and thus the reliable and stable connection to ensure the plastic component to the metal component. This also applies to areas coated with the primer system which do not contain plastic was sprayed, so that the corrosion protection by the bonding agent system reliably guaranteed is.

As a general rule the bonding agent system can be applied over the whole area or only in certain areas, Furthermore provided on one side or both sides on the surfaces of the metal component become. A particular advantage of the adhesion promoter system according to the invention is that that with only one-sided connection of the plastic component to the Metal component a safe, durable and durable connection is achieved. The compound is purely cohesive, and additional Fuses through a positive connection of metal and plastic are not required. Of course, such positive Connections, if they do not interfere with the corresponding component, are additionally provided, For example, injections of plastic material in breakthroughs of Metal component.

There for the Connection of metal and plastic a one-sided cohesive connection by means of primer system is sufficient, the plastic-free surface the appearance of the metal component is in no way impaired. This surface The metal component may therefore be visible, such as decorative area be used with metal or lacquer look. While processing of such a structural component with metal view surface can this metal viewing surface (in each case treated with adhesion promoter back of the metal component) located in different stages of processing. For example, it can be brushed, finely rolled, polished, with scratch-resistant clear coat, or lacquered with nanolack; she can be finished with topcoat; or she can with one Primer to be treated. In this case, the finished structural component finally painted with the topcoat. So is the protection of the cut edges reached. To protect the metal surface during processing, for example in injection molding, it makes sense to cover the metal surface with a protective film. The protective film will be the earliest after injection molding away.

In addition to the possibility of creating an optically unimpaired metal viewing surface, the hybrid structural components according to the invention offer numerous other advantages: they are statically and dynamically loadable; acted upon by force or torque; provide resiliency over the ge overall life of the structural component; are suitable for safety-relevant parts; have a low weight, but a high bending and torsional rigidity; are well protected against corrosion; and also suitable for moving components.

The Hybrid structural components according to the invention are used, for example, in vehicle construction, e.g. as a frame of scooters, as frame structures on vans or buses, in car bodies, as a crash element in cars and trucks, car axles, in seat frames; Furthermore in aircraft, aerospace and submarines, as housing of Engine small appliances, to name just a few.

The The invention relates in particular to bodywork components for vehicle bodies, a hybrid structural component according to the invention exhibit. It should be noted that each of the following to the body component described features, in particular relate to the structure of the body component and the corresponding structural component, for themselves itself and in particular without the features of claim 1 or of Claim 8 or with only a part of these features for inventive be considered. For structural components and body components in particular, the weight plays a significant role. on the other hand the loads to be absorbed by the component are considerable and There are significant requirements in particular to the durability put the components. Thus, despite the previously described state the technology in the body of vehicles and in particular at Passenger carriages the conventional two-shell sheet metal construction used almost exclusively. This construction has over the years as inexpensive, stable and reliable proven and it continues to be used despite the weight penalty. With the structural component according to the invention becomes the requirement for a body component created, which in terms of cost and reliability comparable to body components double-shell sheet metal construction is, on the other hand, but a significant weight saving allowed.

The Body component may be a structural component according to the present invention or one according to the present Invention produced structural component, which has a Hybrid carrying structure for represents the body component.

The Body component or the structural component can according to the conventional Construction be constructed with painted sheet provided on the visible surface is. It is cheaper, to deviate from this conventional construction and the metal component or not to provide the sheet on the visible side surface. It is possible then construct appropriate component so that the metal component only available where it is needed for strength reasons. In this way let yourself save further weight.

At the hybrid support structure may be connected to a trim element be. The cladding element may be made of plastic material in particular be produced by injection molding. The cladding element can be done later be painted, for example, in which the body part with the Rest of the bodywork the usual Going through painting processes, It can also be correspondingly colored plastic material be used.

The Cladding element may also be a structural component with a metal surface view. After this in such a structural component with metal view surface the Metal component primarily serves optical purposes, the corresponding metal material may be formed relatively thin, so that corresponding body parts that are virtually optically not different from conventional body parts, yet allow a weight saving. In general, the hybrid support structure in the body component lying inside, not visible or only partially visible be provided. It is particularly possible on both sides panels provided. In such an internal mounting of the hybrid support structure are injections through the sheet metal component in particular in the visible areas possible. The metal component or sheet metal component of the hybrid support structure can also be designed as a visible component. stiffeners by molded plastic are then only on the Visible side opposite side possible, or only in covered Areas possible, wherein also injections only in the areas covered possible are. In this case, the sheet can be arranged on the outside and The inside can be disguised. The sheet can also be on the Be arranged inside and the outside can be covered. The corresponding sheets can before the plastic injection process or after the plastic injection process to be painted. In the event that they are before the plastic injection process can be painted, it can be cheap be to apply a protective film, which after spraying the Plastic or after assembly of the body component again Will get removed.

In the plastic component of the structural component recordings for attachments can be formed. The receptacles may be provided in the hybrid support structure and / or a trim element. It is particularly favorable to design the receptacles in such a way that corresponding attachments are firmly mounted after the connection of lining elements to the hybrid support structure are, without that it requires an additional attachment. For this purpose, it can be particularly favorable to provide abutment elements which exercise a suitable design by recesses and / or weakening areas a bias on the attachment in the assembled state, so that it is clamped in the assembled state. Such attachments may include, for example, door locks, power window mechanisms, sunroof crank mechanisms or other sunroof opening mechanisms, side window guides, sunroof guides; Headlamps, taillights, turn signals, switches, sensors, rear wiper drives or entire rear wiper units, whole antennas and / or antenna connections. In particular, the integration of antennas in the plastic component of such a body component is a very special feature, since with a suitable choice of plastic material in the vicinity of the antenna, a shielding of the electromagnetic radiation does not occur, so that an antenna - albeit hidden - provides optimal reception performance. Thus, it may be particularly advantageous to provide an antenna for a navigation system in the spoiler area of a tailgate or in the roof area of a passenger car.

The Recording can be a cable guide, for example, be a cable channel. There may be cable connection elements in the cable guide be provided for example Kabelklemmungen. It can too individually provided appropriate recordings for fasteners be used, with which the cable is attached, or there may be provided cable clamps be. It can also eyelets or other connection points for Cable tie be provided. On the cable channel can also be an integral be provided molded cable duct cover. The lid can for example about a line of weakness be formed foldable and provided with corresponding locking elements be, with corresponding detent openings on the opposite side of the cable channel can cooperate, the lid after closing to hold in the appropriate position. Instead of the detent openings at the opposite Side of the cable channel can also corresponding latching projections be provided behind the cable duct cover are pressed can, so to latch.

Of the Cable duct cover can essentially be found in the area of the entire cable duct be provided. It can also be provided in sections for the cable channel be.

complex Structures in the plastic component, such as the cable channel, etc. can For example, with the so-called gas injection technique (GIT) or the water injection technique (WIT) are produced. It will Gas or water before cooling the plastic material to certain preselected Injected into the mold, where it provides locally for a cooling at the Surface.

integral on the plastic component of the structural component connecting elements be provided. Connection elements can also be attached to the cladding elements be provided. The connection elements are preferably injected components made of metal, plastic or similar Material, such as bolts, in particular threaded bolts, and injected threaded seats. But it can also be integral the plastic material injection-molded connection elements, such as Bolts, threaded bolts, molded threaded holes, snap hooks, Bayonet mountings, if necessary with snap or other securing, Einschnappöffnungen, Cable fixing clips, eyelets, guides and fixing clips. It can but also just simple openings, can engage in the biasing elements, such as springs.

Especially for connecting the cladding elements such connection elements are provided, where both connection elements can be used, the relatively easy to open and can be used again or connecting elements can be used, which are essentially not opened again can be. It can be cheap be substantially form connecting elements so that the two parts, in particular the hybrid support structure and the connected thereto Cladding element with bias held relative to each other are. That way you can Constructions are realized in which the cladding elements the stability the hybrid carrying structure still increase. Alternatively or in addition can the individual components are bonded together by gluing, especially when the structural strength is further increased should.

Especially for connecting the body component to the body and / or for moment support, d. H. a gas spring at tailgates, etc., can injected into the plastic component of the hybrid support structure metal connections be. A metal connection, for example, a hinge connection be on which a hinge, for example, a door hinge or a tailgate hinge can be connected.

It may also be a metal piece, for example an elongated metal strip, on which fastening holes can be provided. Other metal connections can be, for example, metal bolts, metal threaded bolts, metal threaded receptacles, etc. To achieve a fixed connection These metal connections can be treated with a bonding agent system prior to injection molding, as described above.

The Invention and embodiment of the invention will be described below explained by drawings illustrated embodiments. Show it:

1 an exploded view of a vehicle tailgate according to the invention;

2 a plan view of an inventive structural component of a vehicle tailgate;

3 a section through the structural component of 2 along the line aa;

4 a section through the structural component of 2 along the line bb;

5 a section through the structural component of 2 along the line cc;

6 a section through the structural component of 2 along the line dd; and

7 an alternative education in the 6 shown details.

The exploded view of the 1 shows a body part 2 , which is described by the example in the form of a vehicle tailgate according to the present invention in an exploded view. In particular, one recognizes as the core of the tailgate, a structural component 4 , which as a hybrid carrying structure 6 the vehicle tailgate 2 serves.

This structural component 4 has a metal component 8th and a plastic component 10 on. The metal component 8th and the plastic component 10 are interconnected via a bonding system. In this connection, it is primarily a surface connection in the sense of bonding and not a positive connection, in the hintergreifungen the plastic component 10 behind the metal component 8th make a positive connection.

The metal component 8th For example, it may be a metal sheet which has been shaped by stamping and deep drawing. The adhesion promoter may preferably be applied before stamping and deep drawing, for example in the coil coating process. It is also possible to apply the bonding agent, in particular after molding by spraying, brushing, dipping, etc.

In the 1 you can also see some of the hybrid support structure 6 cladding elements to be connected 12 . 14 . 16 . 18 . 20 which in the assembled state, the hybrid support structure 6 essentially completely cover, so that it in the in the 1 shown construction to such with an internal hybrid support structure 6 is.

The cladding elements are, in particular, an interior cladding that consists of an upper interior cladding 12 and a lower interior trim 14 consists. A reset area 22 on the upwardly projecting strut 24 the lower inner lining 14 is in the assembled state of a corresponding area 26 the upper inner lining 12 covered, so that here a clean transition is created.

The outer lining is from a rear panel 16 , a rear window element 18 and a spoiler 20 educated. Each of these 3 parts can be a pre-assembled component. For example, in the rear panel 16 a license plate light, a control for a lock (not shown) of the tailgate, a windshield wiper unit, a windshield wiper / washer unit or the like may be integrated. The corresponding attachments can both in the rear panel 16 alone as well as in a corresponding area of the hybrid carrying structure 6 or be held by the combination of these two components. The lock of the tailgate, for example, according to the hybrid support structure 6 be provided.

The use of plastic material in the cladding elements 12 . 14 . 16 . 18 . 20 and the plastic component 10 the hybrid carrying structure 6 allows it to constructively provide appropriate receptacles and connection elements with very little effort and integrally formed in the injection molding process. Unlike the conventional construction, in which such attachments are typically bolted, so a very simple installation of the attachments is possible.

The interior trim parts 12 . 14 can be detachable to the hybrid support structure 6 be connected so as to have relatively easy access to the attachments by removing this trim part. It is also possible to provide in the interior trim maintenance flaps for access to such attachments. It is also possible on the interior trim or on the combination of interior trim parts 12 . 14 and the hybrid support structure 6 to provide attachments in a similar manner.

Also with the rear window element 8th it may be a pre-assembled component. In particular, at the actual rear window 28 side panels 30 for example be connected by gluing. In a side panel 30 For example, an antenna module may be provided. It is also possible to integrate other attachments, such as those for a heated rear window or a spray water system.

Also the spoiler 20 is a separate pre-assembled component in which, for example, a third brake light or other attachments can be accommodated. In the spoiler or in particular in the corresponding area of spoilers and hybrid carrying structure 6 In particular, hinge components for connecting the tailgate can also be used in combination 4 be housed on the vehicle body. In particular, there offers the opportunity to accommodate a drive for opening and closing, electronic components for such a drive, springs supporting such a drive, etc. The area of the spoiler 20 In particular, it is also suitable for accommodating a sky-direction satellite receiving antenna, for example for a navigation system. The use of plastic material as Spoiler material allows a virtually unhindered satellite reception.

The corresponding receptacles and connection elements for the individual attachments can generally in the corresponding plastic component 10 or in the cladding element 12 . 14 . 16 . 18 . 20 be provided without resulting in manufacturing technology, a greater effort.

ever After equipment of the individual vehicle, the corresponding attachments be implemented easily.

It can be a common wiring harness optionally with single harnesses for the entire tailgate 2 be provided.

This harness can, for example, by the various cladding elements 12 . 14 . 16 . 18 . 20 and / or by the hybrid support structure 6 be guided. Integrally formed in the plastic component cable connection elements may be provided. The in connection with a special cladding element 12 . 14 . 16 . 18 . 20 optionally described attachments may also be in another cladding element or at another location of the vehicle tailgate 2 be arranged.

2 shows a view from behind of the structural component 4 or the hybrid support structure 6 for the vehicle tailgate 2 , One recognizes one with breakthroughs 32 provided metal component 8th on which a plastic component 10 applied in the manner described. In particular, the metal component differs 8th alone by the addition to the window opening 34 provided breakthroughs 32 from a corresponding sheet metal part in the two-shell conventional construction in which one of the two sheet metal parts typically forms the outer skin and therefore no such breakthroughs 32 having. The shape of the metal component 8th a vehicle tailgate 2 Therefore, it can be designed completely independent of aesthetic considerations so that they have the required strength for the vehicle tailgate 2 supplies. This allows for a higher basic stiffness for this metal component and on the other hand allows the provision of weight reduction openings 32 ,

In particular, the metal component 8th essentially only a truss shape, in particular a substantially two-dimensional truss shape from individual horizontal belts 36 . 38 . 40 , Vertical straps 42 . 44 and diagonal straps 46 . 48 on. The individual straps themselves can be profiled to increase the stiffness. It is also possible to provide further breakthroughs in the straps on low loaded areas of the straps to further reduce the weight. It is also possible to provide the straps themselves in a truss shape to further reduce the weight.

On the metal component 8th and especially in the area of the individual straps is the plastic component 10 applied. The plastic component 10 In particular, has stiffening structures such as longitudinal, transverse and diagonal ribs 50 on. The individual ribs can have a common ribbed foot for connection to the metal component 8th and can project a height of up to 50 mm and more above the surface of the metal component. The individual ribs 50 are upwards, ie away from the surface of the metal component 8th rejuvenated.

The whole of the ribs 50 or the entire plastic component 10 can span or define a surface that the inside of the cooperating trim element 12 . 14 . 16 . 18 . 20 matches, so the ribs 50 or the plastic component 10 support or support the corresponding cladding element from the inside. It is also possible in the paneling elements 12 . 14 . 16 . 18 . 20 provide appropriate stiffening structures, such as ribs and strips. To a particularly high rigidity and torsional stiffness in particular of a corresponding body component 4 It can be beneficial to ensure single or all trim elements with the associated hybrid support structure 6 in areas or at the contact surface to glue over the entire surface or substantially the entire surface.

The 3 shows a section along the line aa of 2 , One recognizes in particular the rear window 28 and the side panel 30 at the rear window 28 for example, by gluing or spraying, etc. is firmly connected. You can also see at the free end of the panel 30 an encompassing area 52 for connection to the hybrid support structure 6 , From the hybrid carrying structure 6 is essentially just the metal component 8th shown. The hybrid carrying structure 6 is at the rear window 28 with glue 54 attached.

The 4 shows a section essentially only through the rear panel 16 along the line bb the 2 , One recognizes the relatively thin wall 56 the rear panel 16 where the outside of the wall 56 defines the visible surface. The rear panel is at its lower end 58 U-shaped. This U-shaped design provides on the one hand a very compact aesthetic finish of the vehicle tailgate 2 in its lower area and on the other hand allows the connection of a sealing element 60 in principle only by putting on the lower end 58 the rear panel 16 , The sealing element 60 is slidably mounted in the U-shaped end in the vertical direction and thus allows Mitgehen at, for example, temperature-related relative changes in the body.

The tubular area 62 the sealing element forms the actual sealing area to the further body part. The thigh 64 of the lower end 58 the rear panel 16 serves to fix the sealing element 60 through a connecting lug 66 , The connecting lug 66 can, for example, on the leg 64 be glued on. It is also possible to engage in a corresponding groove in the leg 66 provided. The sealing element 60 may be provided substantially around the entire tailgate opening around.

5 is a section along the line cc through the transition from rear panel 16 to disc element 18 , Again, you can see again primarily represented the metal component 8th the hybrid carrying structure 6 , The connection in the transition area is made by gluing 68 between the rear window 28 and the hybrid support structure 6 , The upper free end 70 the rear panel 16 is from a gasket between the rear window 28 and the hybrid support structure 6 clamped.

The 6 shows a section dd through the transition region of disk element 18 to the spoiler 20 , The spoiler 20 is in this embodiment by a bond 72 at its upper or front end 74 on the hybrid support structure 6 connected. That at the transition to the rear window 28 located end 76 the spoiler 20 is of a sealing element 78 between the hybrid support structure 6 and the rear window 28 clamped. The rear window 28 is by a bond to the hybrid support structure 6 connected. It is also possible to provide a structure in which the hybrid support structure 6 is first connected to the corresponding cladding elements and only then the rear window is glued to its entire circumference on this preassembled unit.

An alternative embodiment to 6 is in the 7 shown. There is instead of a bond at the front end 74 a screw connection 82 between the hybrid support structure 6 and the spoiler 20 intended. The other end 76 the spoiler 20 is only in contact with the rear window 28 wherein a seal (not shown) may be provided in the transition area. An adhesive bond 84 attached the rear window 28 on the hybrid support structure 6 ,

Although the body part 4 has been previously formed based on a vehicle tailgate, other body parts such as a vehicle door, a fender, a side panel, a front module or a front cover, but also a roof element can be produced in a similar manner. In addition to the attachment parts mentioned, further attachment parts can also be integrated into the hybrid support structure or into the corresponding trim elements in the manner described. Thus, it is also possible in particular to integrate complete or partial front and / or rear headlights in such a body component.

It is also possible in particular a visible surface at least partially made of transparent plastic, by, for example, transparent plastic in a certain area is used or alternatively appropriate plastic parts when injection molding be inserted into the mold and integrally molded with.

All the present body components are particularly suitable as roof elements for solid convertible tops. In such use of such body parts as segments of convertible roofs let yourself the strength of convertible roofs without Weight disadvantage considerably increase. Drive components can on the other hand easily integrated into the individual roof segments become.

In particular, in the case of the body components, as already mentioned, the metal component can be produced from sheet metal material, in particular from sheet steel. Other steel or iron materials but also light metals such as aluminum and magnesium or stainless steel, especially in the range of sealing surfaces can also Ver find a turn.

In particular, the present body components are also suitable as load-bearing parts of the bodyshell structure. Here you can imagine, for example, their use as A-, B- and C-pillars of the body. The corresponding components can for example be manufactured separately and then connected by welding the rest of the body. It is also possible to form the total raw body in the hybrid technology according to the invention and partially or more or less completely to one or more plastic components 10 to tie.

Claims (33)

Structural component ( 4 ) comprising a metal component ( 8th ), a plastic component ( 10 ) and a metal component ( 8th ) and the plastic component-bonding primer system, characterized in that the primer system consists of a plastic primer or a plastic primer in combination with a primer, wherein the plastic primer is a polyester, a polyurethane or an epoxide with a diene and / or a polyene is modified. Structural component ( 4 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the plastic adhesion promoter is based on bisphenol A and / or bisphenol B and / or bisphenol C and / or bisphenol F epoxy resin. Structural component ( 4 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the adhesion promoter system is modified by covalent attachment of a diene, in particular a 1,3-diene. Structural component ( 4 ) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the adhesion promoter system is modified by physical integration of a diene and / or a polyene, in particular of rubber. Structural component ( 4 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the proportion of diene and / or poylene in the adhesion promoter system 1 to 30 wt .-%, preferably 3 to 10 wt .-%, is. Structural component ( 4 ) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the adhesion promoter system is also modified by alkyl- and / or aryl-modified silanes of the general formula HO-Si (R) (R ') (R "), where the radicals R, R 'and R "may be the same or may be partially or all unequally modified with alkyl and / or aryl groups, the alkyl and / or aryl groups bearing functional groups such as COOH, OH, NH ₂ . Structural component ( 4 ) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the plastic component consists of a plastic material which is selected from polypropylene, polyamide, polyamide-polyphenylene oxide blends, polyamide-polystyrene blends, polyphthalamide, polypropylene sulfide and polysulfone. Structural component ( 4 ) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the plastic component comprises a fiber-reinforced plastic material. Structural component ( 4 ) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it has a metal viewing surface with metal optics or with lacquer optics. Method for producing a structural component ( 4 ), which is a metal component ( 8th ) and a plastic component ( 10 ) comprising the following steps: (a) providing the metal component ( 8th ), wherein the metal component ( 8th ) is coated on one side with a precured adhesion promoter system, (b) introducing the metal component coated with the precured adhesion promoter system (US Pat. 8th ) in a mold of an injection molding tool such that the precured adhesive layer faces a free volume in the mold, (c) injection molding the plastic component ( 10 ) on the metal component ( 8th ), wherein the primer system further cures, characterized in that the adhesion promoter system is a consisting of a plastic primer or a plastic primer in combination with a primer adhesion promoter system is used, wherein the plastic primer is an epoxy or a polyurethane or a polyester which is modified with a diene and / or a polyene. Method according to claim 10, characterized in that the metal component ( 8th ) before step (a) by spray painting or dip coating or powder coating or catalytic dip coating or by coil coating with the primer system is coated. Method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the adhesion promoter system before step (a) at a temperature from 100 to 140 ° C for one Duration of 20 to 40 seconds is pre-cured. Method according to one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the mold before step (b) and / or the metal component ( 8th ) is preheated to a predetermined temperature before step (c). Method according to one of claims 10 to 13, wherein in step (c) a complete one curing the adhesion promoter system takes place. Method according to one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the Structural component after step (c) for complete curing of the primer system annealed becomes. Method according to one of claims 10 to 15, wherein the plastic component ( 10 ) is sprayed in the form of a coating. Method according to one of claims 10 to 15, wherein the plastic component ( 10 ) is sprayed in the form of stiffening structures. Body component ( 2 ) comprising a structural component ( 4 ) according to any one of claims 1 to 17 having hybrid support structure ( 6 ). Body component ( 2 ) according to claim 18, wherein the metal component ( 8th ) of the hybrid support structure ( 6 ) has a truss shape. Body component ( 2 ) according to claim 18 or 19, further comprising a on the hybrid support structure ( 6 ) connected cladding element ( 12 . 14 . 16 . 18 . 20 ). Body component ( 2 ) according to claim 19, wherein the cladding element ( 12 . 14 . 16 . 18 . 20 ) a structural component ( 4 ) with a metal viewing surface. A body component according to any one of claims 18 to 21, further comprising in the plastic component ( 10 ) of the structural component molded receptacles for attachments. Body component ( 2 ) according to claim 22, wherein the receptacle is a cable channel with cable connection elements and / or integrally molded cable duct cover. Body component ( 2 ) according to any one of claims 18 to 23, further comprising in the plastic component ( 10 ) of the hybrid support structure ( 6 ) injected metal connections for connection of the body component ( 2 ) to the body and / or torque support. Body component ( 2 ) according to any one of claims 18 to 24, further comprising integral with the plastic component ( 10 ) of the structural component ( 4 ) has provided connecting elements. Body component ( 2 ) according to claim 25, wherein a connection element is selected from the group consisting of injected bolt, injected threaded bolt, injected threaded receptacle, snap hook, bayonet receptacle, snap-in opening, cable attachment clip, eyelet, guide and mounting clip. Vehicle tailgate comprising a body component ( 2 ) according to any one of claims 18 to 26. Vehicle door having a body component ( 2 ) according to any one of claims 18 to 26. Mudguard having a body component ( 2 ) according to any one of claims 18 to 26. Side panel comprising a body component ( 2 ) according to any one of claims 18 to 26. Roof element comprising a body component ( 2 ) according to any one of claims 18 to 26. Front module comprising a body component ( 2 ) according to any one of claims 18 to 26. Front hood comprising a body component ( 2 ) according to any one of claims 18 to 26.